JP2014040576A - 繊維強化樹脂ペレットおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
繊維強化樹脂ペレットおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014040576A JP2014040576A JP2013148497A JP2013148497A JP2014040576A JP 2014040576 A JP2014040576 A JP 2014040576A JP 2013148497 A JP2013148497 A JP 2013148497A JP 2013148497 A JP2013148497 A JP 2013148497A JP 2014040576 A JP2014040576 A JP 2014040576A
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- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B zirconium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[Zr+4].[Zr+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】熱可塑性樹脂(A)100重量部に対し、繊維状充填材(B)15〜200重量部を配合してなる繊維強化樹脂組成物を成形してなる、下式(1)を満たす繊維強化樹脂ペレット。
200≦WfP×RfP1mm≦1200 (1)
WfP:繊維強化樹脂ペレット中の繊維状充填材(B)の重量割合(重量%)
RfP1mm:繊維強化樹脂ペレット中に含まれる繊維状充填材(B)中の、繊維長が1mm以上の繊維状充填材の割合(%)
【選択図】なし
Description
200≦WfP×RfP1mm≦1200 (1)
WfP:繊維強化樹脂ペレット中の繊維状充填材(B)の重量割合(重量%)
RfP1mm:繊維強化樹脂ペレット中に含まれる繊維状充填材(B)中の、繊維長が1mm以上の繊維状充填材の割合(%)
200≦WfP×RfP1mm≦1200 (1)
WfP:繊維強化樹脂ペレット中の繊維状充填材(B)の重量割合(重量%)
RfP1mm:繊維強化樹脂ペレット中に含まれる繊維状充填材(B)中の、繊維長が1mm以上の繊維状充填材の割合(%)
上式(1)について詳細に説明する。WfPは、繊維強化樹脂ペレット中の繊維状充填材(B)の割合を重量%で示した値である。RfP1mmは、繊維強化樹脂ペレット中に含まれる繊維状充填材(B)中の、繊維長が1mm以上の繊維状充填材の割合(%)を示した値であり、RfP1mmにおける%は本数を基準とする。WfPの値が小さい場合、繊維状充填材(B)同士の重なり合いや橋掛け構造等が形成されにくいことから、一般的に、成形品の機械特性が低下する傾向にある。繊維長の長い繊維状充填材(B)は流動場において屈曲しやすいことから、本発明においては、RfP1mmの値を大きくすることにより、繊維長の長い繊維状充填材(B)の繊維配向が、流れ方向および流れに対して垂直方向の双方において存在することにより、繊維状充填材(B)同士の重なり合いや橋掛け構造がより形成されやすくなる。このため、外力に対する負荷が分散可能となり、成形品の強度や剛性が大幅に向上するものである。なお、従来公知の溶融混練により得られる繊維強化樹脂ペレットは、RfP1mmの値が小さく、WfP×RfP1mmの値が200未満となるため、繊維状充填材(B)の多くが流れ方向に配向するため、外力に対する負荷が集中しやすく、成形品の強度が不十分であった。一方、WfPの値が大きい場合、繊維状充填材(B)同士の重なり合いや橋掛け構造等が形成されやすいことから、一般的に、流動性が低下し、表面外観が悪化する傾向にある。本発明においては、RfP1mmの値を小さくすることにより、少量の繊維長の長い繊維状充填材(B)が、流れに対して垂直方向にも多く繊維配向することにより、外力に対する負荷が分散可能であり、さらに流動性の低下を最小限に抑制することが可能となったものである。繊維強化樹脂ペレットにおける繊維長を上記範囲に制御することで、溶融成形を行った後でも、十分な繊維長が維持され、優れた機械特性と良外観を発現することができる。
20≦WfM×RfM1mm≦200 (2)
WfM:繊維強化樹脂成形品中の繊維状充填材(B)の重量割合(重量%)
RfM1mm:繊維強化樹脂成形品中に含まれる繊維状充填材(B)中の、繊維長が1mm以上の繊維状充填材の割合(%)
上式(2)について説明する。WfMは、繊維強化樹脂成形品中の繊維状充填材(B)の割合を重量%で示した値である。RfM1mmは、繊維強化樹脂成形品中に含まれる繊維状充填材(B)中の、繊維長が1mm以上の繊維状充填材の割合(%)を示した値であり、RfM1mmにおける%は本数を基準とする。前記の繊維強化樹脂ペレットと同様に、WfMの値が小さい場合、繊維状充填材(B)同士の重なり合いや橋掛け構造等が形成されにくいことから、一般的に、成形品の機械特性が低下する傾向にある。繊維長の長い繊維状充填材(B)は流動場において屈曲しやすいことから、本発明においては、RfM1mmの値を大きくすることにより、繊維長の長い繊維状充填材(B)の繊維配向が、流れ方向および流れに対して垂直方向の双方において存在することにより、繊維状充填材(B)同士の重なり合いや橋掛け構造がより形成されやすくなる。このため、外力に対する負荷が分散可能となり、強度や剛性が大幅に向上するものである。なお、従来公知の溶融混練により得られる繊維強化樹脂成形品は、RfM1mmの値が小さく、WfM×RfM1mmの値が20未満となるため、繊維状充填材(B)の多くが流れ方向に配向するため、外力に対する負荷が集中しやすく、強度が不十分であった。一方、WfMの値が大きい場合、繊維状充填材(B)同士の重なり合いや橋掛け構造等が形成されやすいことから、一般的に、流動性が低下し、表面外観が悪化する傾向にある。本発明においては、RfM1mmの値を小さくすることにより、少量の繊維長の長い繊維状充填材(B)が、流れに対して垂直方向にも繊維配向することにより外力に対する負荷が分散可能であり、さらに流動性の低下を最小限に抑制することが可能となったものである。
1.5≦Lw/Ln≦2.5 (3)
分散度が1.5以上であれば、成形品の曲げ弾性率がより向上しやすくなる。1.6以上が好ましく、1.7以上がさらに好ましい。一方、分散度が2.5以下であれば、成形品の表面外観がより向上する。2.4以下がより好ましく、2.3以下がさらに好ましい。
数平均繊維長(Ln)=Σ(Li×ni)/Σni
重量平均繊維長(Lw)=Σ(Wi×Li)/ΣWi
=Σ(πri2×Li×ρ×ni×Li)/Σ(πri2×Li×ρ×ni)
繊維径ri、および密度ρが一定である場合、上式は簡略化され、以下の式となる。
=Σ(Li2×ni)/Σ(Li×ni)
Li:繊維状充填材の繊維長
ni:繊維長Liの繊維状充填材の本数
Wi:繊維状充填材の重量
ri:繊維状充填材の繊維径
ρ:繊維状充填材の密度
本発明の繊維強化樹脂成形品は、うねり曲線の算術平均高さ(Wa値)が3.0μm以下であることが好ましい。Wa値が3.0μm以下であれば、繊維強化樹脂成形品表面に目視によって観察されるうねり状凹凸を低減することができ、表面外観・意匠性をより向上させることができる。より好ましくは2.8μm以下、さらに好ましくは2.5μm以下であり、特に好ましくは2.2μm以下である。また、Wa値の下限値は0μmであり特に限定されない。ここでのうねり曲線の算術平均高さ(Wa値)とは、JISB0601で定義されるものであり、射出成形により作製した80mm×80mm×3mmの角板成形品を用い、表面粗さ測定装置(ACCRTECH社製)を用いて、評価長さ20mm、試験速度0.6mm/secで、成形品表面を測定して得られるうねり曲線の算術平均高さ(Wa)である。
<A1>ナイロン6樹脂“アミラン”(登録商標)CM1001(樹脂濃度0.01g/mlの98%濃硫酸溶液中、25℃で測定した相対粘度2.35、東レ株式会社製)
を使用した。
<A2>ポリカーボネート樹脂“タフロン”(登録商標)A1900(出光興産株式会社製)を使用した。
<A3>ポリプロピレンホモポリマー“プライムポリプロ”(登録商標)J3000GV(MFR:30g/10min(230℃、2.16kgf)、株式会社プライムポリマー製)を使用した。
<A4>マレイン酸変性ポリプロピレン“アドマー”(登録商標)QE815、三井化学株式会社製)を使用した。
<B1>PAN系の炭素繊維“トレカ”(登録商標)カットファイバーTV14−006(東レ株式会社製、原糸T700SC−12K:引張強度4.90GPa、引張弾性率230GPa)を使用した。
<B2>ガラス繊維“ECS03−350”(セントラル硝子(株)製)を使用した。
表1〜2記載の実施例、比較例(比較例5除く)の組成について、表中に示す諸条件に設定した2軸押出機(日本製鋼所製TEX30α)を用い、熱可塑性ポリアミド(A)を主フィーダーに供給後、繊維状充填材(B)はサイドフィーダーを用いて溶融樹脂中に供給し、ダイから吐出されたストランドを水中にて冷却、ストランドカッターにより長さ3.0mm長にカットしてペレット化を実施し、繊維強化樹脂ペレットを得た。
数平均繊維長(Ln)=Σ(Li×ni)/Σni
重量平均繊維長(Lw)=Σ(Li2×ni)/Σ(Li×ni)
Li:繊維状充填材の繊維長
ni:繊維長Liの繊維状充填材の本数
[耐衝撃性]:ISO179に従い23℃でシャルピー衝撃強さ(ノッチ付き)を評価した。
スペクトラムアナライザー:R3132(ADVANTEST社製)
シールドBOX:TR17301A(ADVANTEST社製)
スウィープ周波数域:0MHz〜1GHz
分解能帯域幅(RBW):300KHz
ビデオ帯域幅(VBW):1KHz
スウィープ時間:20sec
感度拡張機能:0dB
アンテナ(電界):PLOBE ANT I(10MHz〜1GHz)
各実施例および比較例の組成、条件、評価結果を表1〜2に示す。
Claims (9)
- 熱可塑性樹脂(A)100重量部に対し、繊維状充填材(B)15〜200重量部を配合してなる繊維強化樹脂組成物を成形してなる、下式(1)を満たす繊維強化樹脂ペレット。
200≦WfP×RfP1mm≦1200 (1)
WfP:繊維強化樹脂ペレット中の繊維状充填材(B)の重量割合(重量%)
RfP1mm:繊維強化樹脂ペレット中に含まれる繊維状充填材(B)中の、繊維長が1mm以上の繊維状充填材の割合(%) - 前記繊維状充填材(B)が、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、ステンレス繊維、アルミニウム繊維および芳香族ポリアミド繊維からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種である請求項1記載の繊維強化樹脂ペレット。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂(A)が、オレフィン系樹脂、ポリアミド、スチレン系樹脂、ポリカーボネート、ポリエステルおよびポリアリーレンサルファイドからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種である請求項1または2記載の繊維強化樹脂ペレット。
- 少なくとも熱可塑性樹脂(A)および繊維状充填材(B)を溶融混練する工程および押出されたストランドを切断する工程を有する請求項1〜3のいずれか記載の繊維強化樹脂ペレットの製造方法。
- 少なくとも1ヵ所に軸が偏心したフラクショナルロブ形状を基盤とするエレメントを用いるスクリュー構成の二軸押出機を用いて前記溶融混練を行う請求項4記載の繊維強化樹脂ペレットの製造方法。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の繊維強化樹脂ペレットを溶融成形してなる、下式(2)を満たす繊維強化樹脂成形品。
20≦WfM×RfM1mm≦200 (2)
WfM:繊維強化樹脂成形品中の繊維状充填材(B)の重量割合(重量%)
RfM1mm:繊維強化樹脂成形品中に含まれる繊維状充填材(B)中の、繊維長が1mm以上の繊維状充填材の割合(%) - 前記繊維強化樹脂成形品中に含まれる繊維状充填材(B)中の、繊維長が0.2mm以下の割合(%)が50%未満である請求項6記載の繊維強化樹脂成形品。
- 前記繊維強化樹脂成形品中に含まれる繊維状充填材(B)の重量平均繊維長/数平均繊維長の比(Lw/Ln)が下式(3)を満たす請求項6または7記載の繊維強化樹脂成形品。
1.5≦Lw/Ln≦2.5 (3) - うねり曲線の算術平均高さ(Wa値)が3.0μm以下である請求項6〜8のいずれか記載の繊維強化樹脂成形品。
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