JP2013538562A - Hla遺伝子座の修飾のための方法及び組成物 - Google Patents
Hla遺伝子座の修飾のための方法及び組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本開示は遺伝子発現、ゲノム工学及び遺伝子療法の分野にある。
本出願は、2010年7月21日出願の米国特許仮出願61/400,009号及び2010年10月6日出願の米国特許仮出願61/404,685号の利益を請求し、それらの開示は参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
適応なし。
MHC抗原は、最初は移植反応において主要な役割を果たす蛋白として特徴付けされた。拒絶は移植された組織の表面上の組織適合性抗原に対して反応するT細胞により媒介され、そしてこれらの抗原の最大の群は腫瘍組織適合性抗原(MHC)である。これらの蛋白は全ての高等脊椎動物の表面で発現され、そしてマウスにおいてはH−2抗原(組織適合性−2抗原を意味する)及びヒト細胞においてはHLA抗原(ヒト白血病抗原を意味する)と称される。
全般
定義
DNA結合ドメイン
本明細書に記載するDNA結合蛋白質(例えばZFP又はTALE)及び非相同の調節(機能性)ドメイン(又はその機能性フラグメント)を含む融合蛋白質も提供される。共通ドメインは例えば転写因子ドメイン(アクチベーター、リプレッサー、コアクチベーター、コリプレッサー)、サイレンサー、癌遺伝子(例えばmyc、jun、fos、myb、max、mad、rel、ets、bcl、myb、mosファミリーメンバー等);DNA修復酵素及びその関連因子及びモディファイアー;DNA再配列酵素及びその関連因子及びモディファイアー;クロマチン関連蛋白質及びそれらのモディファイアー(例えばキナーゼ、アセチラーゼ及びデアセチラーゼ);及びDNA修飾酵素(例えばメチル転移酵素、トポイソメラーゼ、ヘリカーゼ、リガーゼ、キナーゼ、ホスファターゼ、ポリメラーゼ、エンドヌクレアーゼ)及びその関連因子及びモディファイアーを包含する。DNA結合ドメイン及びヌクレアーゼ切断ドメインの融合に関する詳細は参照により全体が本明細書に組み込まれる米国特許公開20050064474;20060188987及び2007/0218528を参照のこと。
ある特定の実施形態において、融合蛋白質はDNA結合ドメイン及び切断(ヌクレアーゼ)ドメインを含む。したがって、遺伝子修飾はヌクレアーゼ、例えば操作されたヌクレアーゼを用いて活性化できる。操作ヌクレアーゼ技術は天然に存在するDNA結合蛋白質の操作に基づいている。例えばテーラードDNA結合特異性を有するホーミングエンドヌクレアーゼの操作が記載されている。Chames等、(2005)Nucleic Acids Res 33(20):e178;Arnould等、(2006)J.Mol.Biol.355:443-458を参照のこと。更に又、ZFPの操作も記載されている。例えば米国特許6,534,261;6,607,882;6,824,978;6,979,539;6,933,113;7,163,824;及び7,013,219を参照のこと。
本明細書に記載する蛋白質(例えばZFP、TALE、ZFN及び/又はTALEN)、これらをコードするポリヌクレオチド、及び蛋白質及び/又はポリヌクレオチドを含む組成物は例えば蛋白質又はmRNAの注射を包含する何れかの適当な手段により標的細胞に送達してよい。適当な細胞は真核生物及び原核生物の細胞及び/又は細胞系統を包含するがこれらに限定されない。そのような細胞又はそのような細胞から形成される細胞系統の非限定的な例はT−cells、COS、CHO(例えばCHO−S、CHO−K1、CHO−DG44、CHO−DUXB11、CHO−DUKX、CHOK1SV)、VERO、MDCK、WI38、V79、B14AF28−G3、BHK、HaK、NS0、SP2/0−Ag14、HeLa、HEK293(例えばHEK293−F、HEK293−H、HEK293−T)、及びperC6細胞並びに昆虫細胞、例えばSpodoptera fugiperda(Sf)、又はカビ細胞、例えばSaccharomyces、Pichia及びSchizosaccharomycesを包含する。ある特定の実施形態において、細胞系統はCHO−K1、MDCK又はHEK293細胞系統である。適当な細胞は又、幹細胞、例えば、胚性幹細胞、誘導多能性幹細胞(iPS細胞)、造血幹細胞、ニューロン幹細胞及び間葉系幹細胞を包含する。
開示された組成物及び方法はHLA遺伝子及び/又はHLAレギュレーターを調節することが望ましい何れの用途のためにも使用できる。特に、これらの方法及び組成物は、治療及び研究用途を包含するがこれらに限定されないHLA対立遺伝子の調節又は修飾が望ましい場合に使用できる。
本質的にUrnov等、(2005)Nature 435(7042):646-651,Perez等、(2008) Nature Biotechnology 26(7):808-816に記載の通り、そして米国特許6,534,261に記載の通り、亜鉛フィンガー蛋白質を設計し、そしてプラスミド又はアデノウィルスベクターに取り込んだ。更に又、TRAC及びTRBCに標的化されたZFNに関しては米国特許仮出願61/280,863を参照のこと。表1は例となるZFPのDNA結合ドメイン内部の認識ヘリックスを示し、表2はこれらのZFPに関する標的部位を示す。ZFP認識ヘリックスにより接触される標的部位中のヌクレオチドは大文字で示し;非接触ヌクレオチドは小文字で示す。
HLA複合体はゲノムの同じ一般的区域内部に同時局在化する数種のファミリーメンバーを含有する場合が多い。図1はHLAクラスIの主な遺伝子の配置及び染色体6上に観察されるクラスIの遺伝子座の模式図である。
HLA遺伝子座に対して指向されたZFN
HLA B及びC遺伝子座に指向されたZFN
ZFNはまた、HLAB及びHLAC遺伝子を同時に欠失させるHLAクラスI遺伝子座による大型欠失を可能にするように設計した。ZFNのこれらのセットは、HLAB遺伝子の上流(HLAB−up)及びHLAC遺伝子の下流(HLAC−down)を切断するように設計した。これらのZFN対は、NHEJ活性によりアッセイした場合の切断の程度を調べるために、上記の通りCel−Iアッセイを用いて個別に試験した。
クラスIHLA遺伝子に特異的なZFNの作用を検討することに加えて、本発明者等は、可能性のあるクラスIレギュレーター、即ちTAP1、TAP2及びタパシンに指向したZFNの作用も試験した。これらの遺伝子標的に対してZFNを作成し、そしてそれらの設計の詳細を表1及び2に示す。
クラスI遺伝子に関して上の実施例2で記載した通り、クラスII遺伝子クラスターにおいても大型欠失を作成した。それぞれDBP2遺伝子の上流(15872及び15873)及びDRA遺伝子の下流(15909及び15910)の標的DNAを切断する2つのZFN対を特定した。各対を上記の通りK562細胞におけるCel−I分析により分析した。図12に示すCel−I分析によれば、15872/15873対に関しては、野生型(wt)FokIドメインを含有するZFNバージョンを用いた場合に13%のNHEJが観察されたのに対し、前述の通りEL/KKFokI対(mut)を用いて対を作成した場合にはNHEJ活性は約28%であった。15909/15910対に関しては、野生型(wt)FokIドメインを含有するZFNを用いた場合に6%及び11%NHEJ活性が観察されたのに対し、EL/KKFokIドメイン対(mut)の場合は14%のNHEJ活性が観察された。
実施例5:HLAクラスIIレギュレーター遺伝子に対して特異的なZFN
実施例6:別の一般的に修飾と組み合わせたHLAノックアウト細胞の使用
上の実施例6において記載のCAR−19修飾T細胞の使用は、内因性TCRαβ発現のため、同種異系の状況においては妨害される可能性があり得る。したがって、TCRα又はTCRβ定常領鎖の何れかを撹乱するように設計されたZFN試薬を一次T細胞において試験した。ZFN対25539/25540をTCRαノックアウトのために使用し、そしてZFN対16783/16787をTCRβノックアウトのために使用した。これらの実験において、百万個の一次T細胞を上記の通りZFNコードmRNAを用いてAmaxa系を用いたヌクレオフェクションに付した。次に細胞をFACS及びCel−I分析の両方に付した。
Claims (21)
- 内因性遺伝子中の表2に示す標的部位に結合する非天然存在の亜鉛フィンガー蛋白質を含む単離されたポリペプチド。
- 請求項1に記載の単離されたポリペプチド及び機能性ドメインを含む融合蛋白質。
- 機能性ドメインが活性化ドメイン、リプレッションドメイン又はヌクレアーゼドメインを含む、請求項2に記載の融合蛋白質。
- 機能性ドメインがHLA A、HLA B、HLA C、TAP1、TAP2、タパシン、CTIIA、RFX5、TRAC,又はTRAB遺伝子の1つ以上の発現を調節する、請求項2又は3に記載の融合蛋白質。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の融合蛋白質のポリペプチドをコードする配列を含むポリヌクレオチド。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のポリペプチド又は請求項5記載のポリヌクレオチドを含む単離された細胞。
- 細胞が幹細胞、先祖細胞、T細胞、NK細胞、幹細胞の部分分化子孫細胞又は幹細胞の完全分化子孫細胞よりなる群から選択される、請求項6に記載の単離された細胞。
- 細胞におけるHLA又はHLA調節遺伝子1つ以上を不活性化する方法であって、
請求項3に記載の融合蛋白質又は請求項5に記載のポリヌクレオチドでHLA又はHLA調節遺伝子を切断し、ここで機能性ドメインはHLA又はHLA調節遺伝子1つ以上が不活性化されるようにヌクレアーゼを含むものであること、
を含む、方法。 - 切断がHLA又はHLA調節遺伝子1つ以上の内部に欠失をもたらす、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 対象におけるHLA関連障害を治療する方法であって、
a)単離された細胞中の内因性HLA又はHLA調節遺伝子を、HLA又はHLA調節遺伝子が不活性化されるように請求項8記載の方法に従って切断すること;及び
b)対象に細胞を導入し、それによってHLA関連障害を治療又は防止すること、
を含む、方法。 - 対象に導入された単離された細胞が更に、細胞のゲノム内への外因性配列の組み込み、追加の1つ以上の遺伝子の不活性化、及びこれらの組み合わせよりなる群から選択される追加的ゲノム修飾を含む、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 追加のゲノム修飾が外因性配列の組み込みを含み、そして更に、外因性配列が切断されたHLA又はHLA調節遺伝子内に組み込まれる、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 追加のゲノム修飾が外因性配列の組み込みを含み、そして更に外因性配列がポリペプチドである、癌マーカーに対して特異的なキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)をコードする、請求項11又は12記載の方法。
- 追加のゲノム修飾が外因性TCR遺伝子1つ以上の不活性化を含む、請求項11〜13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 障害が対宿主性移植片病(GVHD)である、請求項11〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ポリヌクレオチドがmRNA又はDNAである、請求項8〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 細胞がT細胞又は幹細胞である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 幹細胞が誘導多能性幹細胞(iPSC)、ヒト胚性幹細胞(hES)、間葉性幹細胞(MSC)又はニューロン幹細胞よりなる群から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- HLA障害に関するモデル系であって、HLA又はHLA調節遺伝子の1つ以上が、請求項8〜18のいずれか1項に記載の方法に従って不活性化される細胞系統又は動物を含む、モデル系。
- 細胞移植片を必要とする患者を治療するための方法であって、
請求項13に記載の方法に従って単離された細胞中のHLA又はHLA調節遺伝子の1つ以上を不活性化すること;及び、
細胞又は細胞のフラグメントを、それを必要としている患者内に移植すること、
を含む、方法。 - 細胞又は細胞フラグメントがT細胞、幹細胞及び血小板よりなる群から選択される、請求項20に記載の方法。
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CA2993567A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
WO2012012667A2 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
CA2805442C (en) | 2020-05-12 |
CA3157027A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
US10072062B2 (en) | 2018-09-11 |
AU2011281062B2 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
AU2011281062A1 (en) | 2013-01-31 |
US20210054046A1 (en) | 2021-02-25 |
CA2993567C (en) | 2022-06-28 |
EP2596011A2 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
WO2012012667A3 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
US20150252094A1 (en) | 2015-09-10 |
JP6050230B2 (ja) | 2016-12-21 |
US20180319864A1 (en) | 2018-11-08 |
US8945868B2 (en) | 2015-02-03 |
EP2596011A4 (en) | 2014-03-19 |
US10858416B2 (en) | 2020-12-08 |
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US20120060230A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
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