JP2013535761A - バッテリーグレードのカソードコーティング用配合物 - Google Patents
バッテリーグレードのカソードコーティング用配合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013535761A JP2013535761A JP2013518913A JP2013518913A JP2013535761A JP 2013535761 A JP2013535761 A JP 2013535761A JP 2013518913 A JP2013518913 A JP 2013518913A JP 2013518913 A JP2013518913 A JP 2013518913A JP 2013535761 A JP2013535761 A JP 2013535761A
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- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- alkali metal
- grinding
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- precursor
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- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 title description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 titanium alkoxide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 50
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical group O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010902 jet-milling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 6
- JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium ethoxide Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical class OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920007859 Kynar® HSV 900 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
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- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- WIEGKKSLPGLWRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-oxobutanoate;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O WIEGKKSLPGLWRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(III) citrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NPFOYSMITVOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYSXWUYLAWPLES-MTOQALJVSA-N (Z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one titanium Chemical compound [Ti].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O RYSXWUYLAWPLES-MTOQALJVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXVGKMGIPAWMJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxy]butane Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOCC VXVGKMGIPAWMJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YAYNEUUHHLGGAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorododecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCl YAYNEUUHHLGGAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JECYNCQXXKQDJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylhexan-2-yloxymethyl)oxirane Chemical class CCCCC(C)(C)OCC1CO1 JECYNCQXXKQDJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol Chemical compound CCCC(O)C(CC)CO RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IURGWERPLNHEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-[4-[4-[3,5-bis(4-nitrophenyl)tetrazol-2-ium-2-yl]-3-methoxyphenyl]-2-methoxyphenyl]-3,5-bis(4-nitrophenyl)tetrazol-2-ium;ethanol;dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].CCO.CCO.COC1=CC(C=2C=C(OC)C(=CC=2)[N+]=2N(N=C(N=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)[N+]([O-])=O)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)[N+]([O-])=O)=CC=C1[N+]1=NC(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)[N+]([O-])=O)=NN1C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 IURGWERPLNHEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XHHXXUFDXRYMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].OCCN(CCO)CCO XHHXXUFDXRYMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCGWQXSXIREHCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].OCCN(CCO)CCO GCGWQXSXIREHCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHEDBVUTTQXGSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-[bis(2-oxidoethyl)amino]ethanolate;titanium(4+);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Ti+4].[O-]CCN(CC[O-])CC[O-] IHEDBVUTTQXGSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KTXWGMUMDPYXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCCC(CC)C[O-].CCCCC(CC)C[O-].CCCCC(CC)C[O-].CCCCC(CC)C[O-] KTXWGMUMDPYXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AIFLGMNWQFPTAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 2-hydroxypropanoate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O AIFLGMNWQFPTAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NDVLTZFQVDXFAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-cyanoethylsulfanyl)propanenitrile Chemical compound N#CCCSCCC#N NDVLTZFQVDXFAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSGYTJNNHPZFKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropanenitrile Chemical compound OCCC#N WSGYTJNNHPZFKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 241000486661 Ceramica Species 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isophorone Natural products CC1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012073 LiFe0.95Mg0.05PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010710 LiFePO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013528 LiN(SO2 CF3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012258 LiPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101000803345 Ustilago maydis (strain 521 / FGSC 9021) Virulence-associated membrane protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lithium cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Co++].[Ni++] NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PCIGTTWKYUNLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;2-hydroxypropanoic acid;titanium;dihydrate Chemical compound N.N.O.O.[Ti].CC(O)C(O)=O.CC(O)C(O)=O PCIGTTWKYUNLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940075557 diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011263 electroactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229960005082 etohexadiol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LTYRAPJYLUPLCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycolonitrile Chemical compound OCC#N LTYRAPJYLUPLCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
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- ZCYXXKJEDCHMGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCC[CH]CCCC ZCYXXKJEDCHMGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N normal nonane Natural products CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPGAWFIWCWKDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-] XPGAWFIWCWKDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)O ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003836 solid-state method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003952 β-lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/45—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/30—Alkali metal phosphates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1397—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
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Abstract
【選択図】図4
Description
本願は、参照によりその内容全体が本明細書中に組み込まれる、2010年7月15日出願の米国特許仮出願番号第61/364,492号の利益を主張する。
1.発明の分野
本発明は、電極材料の分野に関し、より具体的には、リチウムイオンバッテリーの電極コーティング用スラリーの前駆体としての、炭素被覆アルカリ金属オキシアニオンを含む配合物の調製方法に関する。
いくつかのアルカリ金属オキシアニオンは、カソード材料として有用ではあるが、示す電子導電率が低く、望ましいものではない。当該いくつかのアルカリ金属オキシアニオン材料、例えばアルカリ金属リン酸塩の、低い電子導電率の問題は、材料表面に炭素被覆を形成することにより、相当な改善が1歩達成された。Ravetは、熱分解された、カソード材料上の有機物の炭素前駆体又はその前駆体類を用いて、炭素被覆を形成し、カソード粒子のレベルで電場を改善することを提案している(例、特許文献1〜10を参照)。
1つの、広い非限定的な態様においては、本発明は、炭素被覆アルカリ金属オキシアニオンの電極材料の調製方法であって、強固な凝集塊の形態の炭素被覆アルカリ金属オキシアニオンを粉砕する工程を含み、粉砕が、リチウムイオンバッテリーの電極コーティングに用いられる溶剤の存在下で行われる方法に関する。
C−AaMm(XO4)xが、オリビン構造を有し、且つ熱分解によって付着した炭素フィルムをその表面の少なくとも一部に有する一般式AaMm(XO4)xに相当する化合物の粒子で構成され、
一般式AaMm(XO4)x中、Aは、Li単独、又はNa及び/又はKの原子で最大20%が部分的に置換されたLiを示し;Mは、少なくとも50原子%のFe(II)又はMn(II)或いはそれらの混合物を含み;XO4は、PO4単独、又はSO4及びSiO4から選択される少なくとも1の基で最大30モル%が部分的に置換されたPO4を示し;当該粉砕工程がバッテリー電極のコーティングに用いられる溶剤の存在下で行われることを特徴とする方法に関する。
Aは、Li単独、又はNa及び/又はKの原子で最大20%が部分的に置換されたLiを示し、且つ0<a<8であり;
Mは、少なくとも50原子%のFe(II)又はMn(II)或いはそれらの混合物を含み、且つ1<m<3であり;且つ
XO4は、PO4単独、或いはSO4又はSiO4で最大30モル%が部分的に置換されたPO4を示し、且つ0<x<3であり;且つ
M、X、a、m及びxは当該化合物の電気的中性を維持するよう選択される。
Aは、Li単独、或いはNa又はKの原子で最大10%が部分的に置換されたLiを示し、且つ0<a<8であり;
Mは、単独の、又はNi及びCoから選択される1以上の他の金属の原子で最大50%が部分的に置換された、及び/或いはNi又はCo以外の1種以上の異原子価若しくは等原子価金属の原子で最大20%が部分的に置換された、及び/又はFe(III)の原子で最大5%が部分的に置換された、Fe(II)、Mn(II)及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選択され、且つ1<m<3であり;且つ
XO4は、PO4単独、又はSO4及びSiO4から選択される少なくとも1の基で最大10モル%が部分的に置換されたPO4を示し、且つ0<x<3であり;且つ
M、X、a、m及びxは当該化合物の電気的中性を維持するよう選択される。
Aは、Li単独、或いはNa又はKの原子で最大10%が部分的に置換されたLiを示し、且つ0<a<8であり;
Mは、単独の、又はNi及びCoから選択される1以上の他の金属の原子で最大50%が部分的に置換された、及び/又はMg、Mo、Nb、Ti、Al、Ta、Ge、La、Y、Yb、Cu、Sm、Ce、Hf、Cr、Zr、Bi、Zn、Ca、B及びWからなる群より選択される1以上の異原子価若しくは等原子価金属原子で最大15%が部分的に置換された、及び/又はFe(III)の原子で最大5%が部分的に置換された、Fe(II)、Mn(II)及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選択され、且つ1<m<3であり;且つ
XO4は、PO4単独、或いはSO4又はSiO4で最大10モル%が部分的に置換されたPO4を示し、且つ0<x<3であり;且つ
M、X、a、m及びxは当該化合物の電気的中性を維持するよう選択される。
Aは、Li単独、或いはNa又はKの原子で最大10%が部分的に置換されたLiを示し、且つ0<a<8であり;
Mは、単独の、又はNi及びCoから選択される1以上の他の金属の原子で最大10%が部分的に置換された、及び/又はMg、Mo、Nb、Ti、Al、Ta、Ge、La、Y、Yb、Cu、Sm、Ce、Hf、Cr、Zr、Bi、Zn、Ca、B及びWからなる群より選択される1以上の異原子価若しくは等原子価金属の原子で最大10%が部分的に置換された、及び/又はFe(III)の原子で最大5%が部分的に置換された、Fe(II)、Mn(II)及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選択され;且つ1<m<3であり;且つ
XO4は、PO4単独、又はSO4及びSiO4から選択される少なくとも1の基で最大10モル%が部分的に置換されたPO4を示し、且つ0<x<3であり;且つ
M、X、a、m及びxは当該化合物の電気的中性を維持するよう選択される。
834.91gの受領したままのFePO4・2H2O(Budenheimにより販売、グレードE53−81)、165.09gの受領したままのLi2CO3(Quadra Chemicalsにより販売)、25gのステアリン酸(Sigma−Aldrichにより販売)及び25gの微粉末化したポリエチレンワックスパウダー(Marcus Oil & Chemicalにより販売、グレードM5005、5μmの平均粒度)を、10kgのイットリウムで安定化したZrO2ビーズ(直径10mm)をミル粉砕用媒体として含有する高エネルギーボールミル粉砕用垂直震盪型磨砕機(Union Process 1−S、7リットルの加工容器サイズ)中に充填した。次いで磨砕機を、震盪アームを回転させる電気モーターの駆動電力ベースで、磨砕される材料1キログラム当たり2kWhの磨砕電力(2kWh/kg)に相当する、速度350rpmで2時間作動させた。磨砕後に、強固な前駆体の凝集塊を得た。実験を繰り返し、同様の結果によって25kgのマスターバッチを製造した。
30kgのFePO4・2H2O(Budenheimにより販売、グレードE53−81)及び1.5kgの、50%エチレンオキシドを含むポリエチレン−ブロック−ポリ(エチレングリコール)(Aldichにより販売)を含む混合物を調製し、イソプロピルアルコール(60リットル)で湿らせ、混合をおおよそ2時間行い、次いで溶剤を除去した。
実施例1で得られたC−LiFePO4凝集塊のほんの一部を、露点−70℃の圧縮空気下ジェットミル粉砕に供し、次いで窒素下で保存した(「ジェットミル粉砕」)。
以下の手順に従って、液体電解質バッテリーを調製した。
バッテリーA(コーティングA)、B(コーティングB)及びC(コーティングC)を、VMP2マルチチャンネルポテンショスタット(Biologic Science Instruments)を用い、常温、20mV/80sの速度で、まずは最大3.6ボルトの残留電位からの酸化状態で、次いで3.6〜2Vの還元状態で走査サイクリック・ボルタンメトリーに供した。当該還元工程は、mAh/gで表されるバッテリー容量Cの測定を可能にする。
Claims (21)
- 強固な凝集塊の形態の炭素被覆アルカリ金属リン酸塩C−AaMm(XO4)xの粉砕工程を含む、炭素被覆アルカリ金属リン酸塩を含むバッテリーグレードの配合物の調製方法であって:
C−AaMm(XO4)xが、オリビン構造を有し、且つ熱分解によって付着した炭素フィルムをその表面の少なくとも一部に有する、一般式AaMm(XO4)xに相当する化合物の粒子で構成され、
一般式AaMm(XO4)x中、
Aは、Li単独、又はNa及び/又はKの原子で最大20%が部分的に置換されたLiを示し、且つ0<a<8であり;
Mは、少なくとも50原子%のFe(II)若しくはMn(II)又はそれらの混合物を含み、且つ1<m<3であり;且つ
XO4は、PO4単独、又はSO4及びSiO4から選択される少なくとも1の基で最大30モル%が部分的に置換されたPO4を示し、且つ0<x<3であり;
M、X、a、m及びxは当該化合物の電気的中性を維持するよう選択され;且つ
当該粉砕工程がバッテリー電極のコーティングに用いられる溶剤の存在下で行われることを特徴とする方法。 - 強固な凝集塊の形態のC−AaMm(XO4)xが、前駆体の乾燥高エネルギーボールミル粉砕を含む方法によって得られる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 粉砕工程が、少なくとも50体積%の水又はN−メチルピロリドンを含む溶剤の存在下で行われる、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 粉砕工程が水中で行われる、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 粉砕工程がN−メチルピロリドン中で行われる、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 配合物が、少なくとも1の電子導電性添加剤及び/又は少なくとも1の結合剤を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 電子導電性添加剤が、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、カーボンファイバー、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノファイバー、グラフェン、気相成長カーボンファイバー及び金属酸化物からなる群から選択される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 結合剤が、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン及び/又はフッ化ビニリデンの反復単位を含むポリマーから選択される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 結合剤が、エチレンオキシドの反復単位を含むポリマーから選択される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 粉砕工程前に、C−AaMm(XO4)xの粒度分布がD90 >50μm、好ましくはD90 >100μm、より一層好ましくはD90 >150μmである、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 粉砕工程後に、C−AaMm(XO4)xの粒度分布がD90 <30μmである、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 粉砕工程後に、C−AaMm(XO4)xが個別の粒子及び/又は個別の粒子の凝集塊から構成される、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 個別の粒子が10nm〜3μmの間である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 凝集塊が100nm〜3μmの間である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 粉砕工程後に、C−AaMm(XO4)xが0.5μm<D50 <10μmの二次粒子から構成される、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 配合物が表面処理剤を含む、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 表面処理剤が、チタニウムアルコキシド、ジルコニウムアルコキシド及びケイ素アルコキシドからなる群から選択される、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 配合物がC−AaMm(XO4)xに対して最大2重量%の表面処理剤を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 配合物が少なくとも1のサブミクロンサイズのC−AaMm(XO4)x及び少なくとも1のミクロンサイズのC−AaMm(XO4)xを含む、請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- C−AaMm(XO4)xが前駆体の熱処理を含む方法によって得られ、該前駆体がFePO4、Li2CO3及び炭素源を含む、請求項1〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- C−AaMm(XO4)xが前駆体の熱処理を含む方法によって得られ、該前駆体がFe2P2O7を含み、必要に応じて炭素被覆、Li2CO3及び炭素源を有する、請求項1〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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US8486296B2 (en) | 2013-07-16 |
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KR20130048764A (ko) | 2013-05-10 |
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