JP2013535499A - 生物活性化合物が濃縮されたアボカド抽出物由来の抗菌、抗細菌、または芽胞発芽阻止活性 - Google Patents
生物活性化合物が濃縮されたアボカド抽出物由来の抗菌、抗細菌、または芽胞発芽阻止活性 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
1.技術分野
本発明に関する技術的定義をいくつか挙げる。「非芽胞形成菌」 は、細菌芽胞を形成することができず、熱処理、嫌気性条件下での冷蔵保存、抗細菌物質の使用、当業界で公知の他の方法のいずれかまたはそれらの組み合わせによって破壊または管理が可能な病原性および腐敗性細菌に使用される既知の用語である。別の関連用語としては、「芽胞形成菌」があり、これには、非芽胞形成菌の制御に関して当業界で公知の一般的な方法で破壊したり制御したりすることが必ずしも可能ではなく、発育阻止および/または不活性化には特殊な処理が必要になる極めて抵抗性の高い細菌芽胞とよばれる(内生胞子とも呼ばれる)構造を形成することができる病原性および腐敗性細菌が含まれる。また、双方のタイプの細菌とも、自然界において、「栄養状態」の状態(生細胞とも称される)で存在することができるものの、「芽胞形成細菌」は、「芽胞状態」でも存在が可能であり、この状態の方が、化学薬品や物理的処理による不活性化に対しての抵抗性が高い。食品技術分野では、さらに、芽胞形成菌の細菌状態として、熱を加えて人工的に創出される「ヒートショック処理芽胞」と呼ばれる、および/または圧力を加えて人工的に創出される「圧力ショック処理芽胞」と呼ばれる芽胞形成菌の細菌状態もある。食品産業において生起されるこうした人為的状態は、化学または物理的手段による不活性化に対する芽胞のさらに高い抵抗性を生じ、食品系によっては、こうした状態は、芽胞形成菌が発芽して栄養形態となり、その結果、食品の腐敗および/または毒素の生産が起こることを阻止するために制御する必要がある。
1951年(米国特許番号第2,550,254号)に、ジェンセン(Jensen)が、アボカド(ペルセア・グラティシマ(Persea gratissima)の種子から、スタフィロコッカス・アウレウス(黄色ブドウ球菌,Staphylococcus aureus)、バチルス・ズブチリス(枯草菌、Bacillus subtilis)、アスペルギルス・グラウクス(Aspergils glaucus)、ペニシリウム・ノタトゥム(アオカビ、Penicillium notatum)、およびアクロモバクター・ペロレンス(Achromobacter perolens)の栄養細胞に対して抗菌活性を有するアセトン抽出物を得た。この抽出物は、エシェリキア・コリ(大腸菌、Esherichia coli)、シュードモナス・フロレセンス(蛍光菌、Pseudomonas fluorescens)およびペニシリン・カメンベルティ(Penicilliun camemberti)に対しては不活性であることがわかった。同じジェンセン(Jensen)が、1953年(カナダ国特許第494,110号)に、抗菌活性のある抽出物を得るのに使用できる可能性のある天然ソースとして、アボカド(Persea americana)の種子に言及している。ヴァレリとギメノ(Valeri and Gimeno)は、1954年に、石油エーテルでアボカドの種子を抽出し、得られた粗ワックスが、ミクロコッカス・ピオゲネス(Micrococcus pyogenes)とサルシナ・ルテア(Sarcina lutea)の発育を阻止したが、枯草菌(B. subtilis)と大腸菌(E. coli)の発育は阻止しなかったと報告している。こうした従来技術からは、アボカドの種子が、抗菌化合物を含むものの、特定の微生物に対する抽出物の特異的生物活性は明らかに抽出方法に左右され、この抽出方法が、最終的には抽出物の化学組成に影響を与えていることが示唆される。
活性の原因である可能性のある成分の単離または化学物質の特定も、細菌芽胞、ヒートショック処理細菌芽胞、圧力ショック処理芽胞での試験も成功裡には行われなかった。
害を防止するための分子を見いだすことに焦点を当てていた。
(a)極性溶剤を用いて、種子または他のアボカドの植物組織(たとえば、中果皮(乾燥または生)および/または葉)を抽出する工程、および、
(b)その後、アボカドの極性溶剤抽出物からアセトゲニンを濃縮するか、直接、破砕した種子または他のアボカドの植物組織からアセトゲニンを濃縮する精製工程、または
(a1)非極性溶剤を用いて、種子または他のアボカドの植物組織(たとえば、中果皮(乾燥または生)および/または葉)を抽出する工程、および
(b1)その後、アボカドの極性溶剤抽出物からアセトゲニンを濃縮するか、直接、破砕した種子または他のアボカドの植物組織(たとえば、中果皮(乾燥または生)および/または葉)からアセトゲニンを濃縮する精製工程、
を含む方法である。
R1が、水素またはアセチルであり、
R2が、水素またはヒドロキシ保護基であり、
R3が、2以上のトランス(E)状態の炭素-炭素二重結合を有するアルケニル基である。
R1が、水素またはアセチル、
R2が、水素、またはヒドロキシ保護基、
R3が、トランス状態の炭素−炭素二重結合2つを有するC5-C22アルケニル基
であるような化合物である。
R1が、水素またはアセチル、
R2が、水素、
R3が、トランス状態の炭素−炭素二重結合2つを有するC5-C22アルケニル基
であるような化合物である。
R1が、アセチル、
R2が、水素、
R3が、トランス状態の炭素−炭素二重結合2つを有するC12-C18アルケニル基で、
OR2に結合した炭素が、(R)状態
であるような化合物である。
R1が、水素またはアセチル、
R2およびR4が、水素、またはヒドロキシ保護基、
R3が、シスまたはトランス状態の炭素−炭素二重結合1つを有するアルケニル基
である。
R1が、水素またはアセチル、
R2およびR4が、水素、またはヒドロキシ保護基、
R3が、シスまたはトランス状態の炭素−炭素二重結合1つを有するC5-C22アルケニル基
であるような化合物である。
R1が、水素またはアセチル、
R2およびR4が、水素、
R3が、シスまたはトランス状態の炭素−炭素二重結合2つを有するC5-C22アルケニル基
であるような化合物である。
R1が、アセチル、
R2およびR4が、水素、
R3が、トランス状態の炭素−炭素二重結合1つを有するC12-C18アルケニル基で、
R2およびR4に結合した炭素が、(S)状態
であるような化合物である。
Claims (16)
- 抗菌、抗細菌、または芽胞発芽阻害効果を得るための天然のペルセア(Persea)属の種(アボカド)由来の抗菌剤、抗細菌剤、または芽胞発芽阻害化合物の濃縮物の製造方法であって、
(a)極性溶剤を用いて、種子または他のアボカドの植物組織(たとえば、中果皮(乾燥または生)および/または葉)を抽出する工程、および、
(b)その後、アボカドの極性溶剤抽出物からアセトゲニンを濃縮するか、直接、破砕した種子または他のアボカドの植物組織からアセトゲニンを濃縮する精製工程、または
(a1)非極性溶剤を用いて、種子または他のアボカドの植物組織(たとえば、中果皮(乾燥または生)および/または葉)を抽出する工程、および
(b1)その後、アボカドの非極性溶剤抽出物からアセトゲニンを濃縮するか、直接、破砕した種子または他のアボカドの植物組織からアセトゲニンを濃縮する精製工程、
を含む方法。 - 極性溶剤が、C1-C4アルコール(たとえばエタノール、イソプロパノール、メタノール)、ジメチルスルホキシド、テトラヒドロフラン、アセトン、アセトニトリル、またはそれらの混合物などを含むが、それらに限定されない溶剤である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 精製が、極性溶剤(単独または組み合わせ)、たとえば水、C1-C4アルコール(たとえば、エタノール、イソプロパノール、メタノール)、ジメチルスルホキシド、テトラヒドロフラン、アセトン、アセトニトリルと、非極性溶剤(単独または組み合わせ)、たとえばヘキサン、へプタン、エチルエーテル、酢酸エチル、石油エーテル、ブチルアルコール、クロロホルム、トルエン、メチルtert-ブチルエーテル、メチルイソブチルケトン、またはそれらの混合物とを使用する二相分配系を含むものである請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 二相分配系用の溶剤系として、(各種の比の)メタノール:ヘプタン、および/または水:ヘキサン、および/または水:ブタノール、および/またはメチルtert-ブチルエーテル:アセトニトリル:水、および/またはへプタン:酢酸エチル:アセトニトリル、へプタン:酢酸エチル:メタノール:水を含むがそれらに限定されない溶剤系を単独また並行で使用して、どちらかの相に活性を濃縮する請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 精製方法が、高速遠心分配クロマトグラフィー(Fast or High Performance Centrifugal Partition Chromatography、FCPCまたはHPCPC)による分配分離または向流クロマトグラフィー(Countercurrent chromatography、CCC)である請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 濃縮物が、化合物:
- 濃縮物がさらに、式(I):
R1が、水素またはアセチルであり、
R2が、水素またはヒドロキシ保護基であり、
R3が、1以上の炭素-炭素二重結合を有するアルケニル基
である化合物、および/または
式(II):
R1が、水素またはアセチルであり、
R2およびR4が、水素またはヒドロキシ保護基であり、
R3が、1以上の炭素−炭素二重結合を有するアルケニル基である
化合物を含む請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の方法。 - 抽出および精製過程が、必要に応じて、濃縮または単離化合物のケン化を生じない請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 請求項1から8のいずれかの抽出物を含む抗菌、抗細菌、または芽胞発芽阻止組成物または製品。
- 組成物または製品が、
(a)経口、経皮、経腸、経鼻、経眼、舌下、経直腸、または経膣的投与に適した製剤組成物、
(b)魚類、甲殻類、魚代用品、甲殻類代用品、肉類、肉代用品、鶏肉製品、野菜、青菜類、ソース、乳液、飲料、ジュース類、ワイン類、ビール、乳製品、卵製品、ジャム、ゼリー、穀類製品、パン類、菓子類よりなるが、これらに限られない製品から選ばれる食料品、
(c)クリーム、ゲル、粉末、ローション、日焼け止め、口紅およびリップクリーム、ボディウォッシュ、ハーブ抽出物、細菌の発育を支える処方よりなるが、これらに限られない製品から選ばれる化粧品および
(d)カウンタートップ、ドア、窓、ハンドル、外科用器具、医用器具、ヒトや動物の汚染を引き起こす可能性のある接触面よりなるが、これらに限られない製品から選ばれる表面を有する製品
よりなる群から選ばれる請求項9に記載の抗菌、抗細菌、または芽胞発芽阻止組成物または製品。 - 式(I):
R1が、水素またはアセチルであり、
R2が、水またはヒドロキシ保護基であり、
R3が、1以上のトランス型の炭素-炭素二重結合を有するアルケニル基である
化合物。 - 化合物のC-16およびC-17の位置に二重結合を有する請求項11に記載の化合物。
- 式:
- 抗細菌、抗菌、または芽胞発芽阻止作用を、そうした作用を必要としている患者または製品に対して提供するための組成物または製品を製造するための請求項1から8のいずれかの抽出物の使用。
- 抗菌、抗細菌、または芽胞発芽阻止作用を、クロストリジウム属(Clostridium)、Bacillus(バチルス)属、アリキクロバチルス(Alicyclobacillus)属、およびリステリア(Listeria)属を含むが、これらに限られない属の微生物、細菌、または芽胞に適用することができる請求項14に記載の使用。
- 抗菌、抗細菌、または芽胞発芽阻止作用を、クロストリジウム・ボツリヌム(Clostridium botulinum)、クロストリジウム・ペルフリンゲンス(Clostridium perfringens)、クロストリジウム・ディフィキレ(Clostridium difficile)、バチルス・アントラシス(Bacillus anthracis)、バチルス・セレウス(Bacillus cereus)、バチルス・ズブチリス(Bacillus subtilis)、バチルス・リキノホフミス(Bacillus lichniformis)、アリシクロバチルス・アシドテレストリス(Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris)、アリシクロバチルス・アシドフィルス(Alicyclobacillus acidiphilus)、リステリア・モノサイトゲネス(Listeria monocytogenes)よりなるが、これらに限られない種から選ばれる微生物、細菌、または芽胞に適用することができる請求項15に記載の使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US37198410P | 2010-08-09 | 2010-08-09 | |
US61/371,984 | 2010-08-09 | ||
PCT/IB2011/053535 WO2012042404A2 (en) | 2010-08-09 | 2011-08-08 | Antimicrobial, antibacterial and spore germination inhibiting activity from an avocado extract enriched in bioactive compounds |
Publications (1)
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JP2013535499A true JP2013535499A (ja) | 2013-09-12 |
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JP2013523692A Pending JP2013535499A (ja) | 2010-08-09 | 2011-08-08 | 生物活性化合物が濃縮されたアボカド抽出物由来の抗菌、抗細菌、または芽胞発芽阻止活性 |
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US (4) | US20130216488A1 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP2603198A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2013535499A (ja) |
CN (2) | CN106397205B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2807779C (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2846675T3 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX348348B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012042404A2 (ja) |
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JP2021038213A (ja) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-11 | 広東丸美生物技術股▲フン▼有限公司 | アボカド抽出物及びその調製方法並びに老化防止化粧品における使用 |
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JP2018039752A (ja) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-03-15 | 花王株式会社 | Nrf2活性化剤 |
JP2021038213A (ja) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-11 | 広東丸美生物技術股▲フン▼有限公司 | アボカド抽出物及びその調製方法並びに老化防止化粧品における使用 |
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ES2846675T3 (es) | 2021-07-28 |
MX348348B (es) | 2017-04-24 |
US10582707B2 (en) | 2020-03-10 |
CN106397205B (zh) | 2020-09-22 |
EP2851062B1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
CA2807779A1 (en) | 2012-04-05 |
US20160249613A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
WO2012042404A2 (en) | 2012-04-05 |
US20170055526A1 (en) | 2017-03-02 |
US20200281198A1 (en) | 2020-09-10 |
US10575521B2 (en) | 2020-03-03 |
US20130216488A1 (en) | 2013-08-22 |
EP2851062A2 (en) | 2015-03-25 |
EP2603198A4 (en) | 2014-01-08 |
CA2807779C (en) | 2019-06-18 |
EP2603198A2 (en) | 2013-06-19 |
MX2013001609A (es) | 2014-07-30 |
CN103327960A (zh) | 2013-09-25 |
CN106397205A (zh) | 2017-02-15 |
WO2012042404A3 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
EP2851062A3 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
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