JP2013521304A - ラキニモドとメトトレキセートとの組合せによる関節リウマチの治療 - Google Patents
ラキニモドとメトトレキセートとの組合せによる関節リウマチの治療 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013521304A JP2013521304A JP2012556213A JP2012556213A JP2013521304A JP 2013521304 A JP2013521304 A JP 2013521304A JP 2012556213 A JP2012556213 A JP 2012556213A JP 2012556213 A JP2012556213 A JP 2012556213A JP 2013521304 A JP2013521304 A JP 2013521304A
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- laquinimod
- methotrexate
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
本出願では終始、種々の刊行物は、筆頭著者および刊行年によって参照される。それら刊行物の完全な引用は、特許請求の範囲の直前にある参照文献欄に示す。参照文献欄で引用する刊行物の全体としての開示は、本明細書に記載の本発明の日付における従来技術についてより十分に述べるために、参照により本出願に組み込まれる。
関節リウマチ(RA)は、非特異的で、通常は対称性の末梢関節の炎症を特徴とする慢性の症候群であり、全身性の症状発現を伴ってまたは伴うことなく、関節および関節周囲の構造の進行性の破壊をもたらす可能性がある。その正確な病因は未だ特定されていないが、遺伝的素質が突き止められている。加えて、環境要因も役割を担うと考えられている(The Merck Manual、第7版)。
ラキニモドは、多発性硬化症(MS)治療のための経口製剤として推薦されている、経口生物学的利用能の高い新規の合成化合物である(Polman、2005;Sandberg−Wollheim、2005)。ラキニモドおよびそのナトリウム塩形態は、たとえば、米国特許第6,077,851号に記載されている。メトトレキセートとの組合せにおけるラキニモドの関節リウマチに対する効果は、報告されていない。
メトトレキセート(MTX)は、がんおよび自己免疫疾患の治療において使用される代謝拮抗薬である。メトトレキセートは、ジヒドロ葉酸還元酵素を阻害して葉酸の代謝を妨げることにより作用し、急速に増殖する細胞におけるDNA合成をブロックする。こうした作用は、免疫抑制を誘発する。
関節リウマチなどの所与の状態を治療するために2種の薬物を投与すると、いくつかの潜在的な問題が生じる。2種の薬物間のin vivo相互作用は、複雑である。任意の単一薬物の効果は、その吸収、分布、および排泄と関係している。2種の薬物が身体に導入されると、それぞれの薬物は、他方の吸収、分布、および排泄に影響を及ぼし、したがって他方の効果を変更する場合がある。たとえば、一方の薬物が、他方の薬物の排泄の代謝経路に関与する酵素の産生を阻害、活性化、または誘発することがある(Guidance for Industry、1999)。したがって、2種の薬物を投与して同じ状態を治療するとき、それぞれが、ヒト対象において、他方の治療活性を補完するのか、それに影響を及ぼさないのか、それを妨害するのかは予測できない。
本明細書では、別段記載しない限り、以下の用語はそれぞれ、以下で述べる定義を有するものとする。
例1:35日間のDBA/10lahsdマウス半確立II型コラーゲン関節炎(MTTC/TV−9)において経口的に(PO)毎日(QD)投与した抗炎症薬の効果の評価
序文
マウス(DBA/1lacJ、1J、またはB10R111)は、エンドトキシンまたは組換え型IL−1で同時追加免疫を行いおよび行うことなく、0日目、15、16または21日目の免疫化(Bendele、2001)を含む様々な方法を使用して、ウシII型コラーゲン(Trentham、1977)に対して免疫化した場合、確実に多発性関節炎になる。発生する疾患は、普通は対称性でなく、足/関節の任意の組合せが冒され得る。マウスの小さい足首のカリパス測定は難しいため、多くの場合、組織学的スコア記録法と共に主観的臨床スコア記録システムを使用する。治療は、予防的な場合(一般に16日目〜21日目に始まる)も、治療的な場合(病変を認めた後)もあり、使用する免疫化プロトコールおよび所望の破壊の程度に応じて、10日から数週間に延長することがある。冒された関節の病変は、インターロイキン1受容体アンタゴニスト(IL−1ra)や可溶性TNF受容体などのラットコラーゲン関節炎生物学的製剤において生じる病変に似ている(Wooley、1993;Bakker、1997;Joosten、1994;Joosten、1996;Geiger、1993)。II型コラーゲンで免疫化し、IL−1などのサイトカインを同時に与えたマウスでは、疾患出現率および重症度の増大が示されている(Hom、1991;Hom、1988)。
到着時に5〜7週齢であり、研究18日目に体重が約17〜22グラムとなった74匹の雄DBA/1OlaHsd(Harlan Inc.)を入手した。マウスは、最初の免疫化の時点で少なくとも6週齢であった。
1.動物(10/関節炎群、4/正常群、収容数5/ケージ)は、すべての動物が少なくとも7週齢になる、到着後の8日間気候順化した。
a.関節を脱灰液に浸し、
b.関節をトリミングし、洗浄し、組織を処理し、
c.関節を包埋し、
d.組織を薄片にし、組織を染色し、
e.組織病理学的評価、および
f.データ処理、QC、グラフを作成し、報告する。
II型コラーゲン関節炎の病変を有するマウスの足または足首をスコア記録する際、変化の重症度ならびに罹患した個々の関節の数を考慮しなければならない。中手骨/中足骨/指または足根骨/脛足根骨のいくつもの関節の可能性のうち、足または足首の1〜3箇所の関節だけが罹患しているとき、変化の重症度に応じて、以下のパラメータ(表3〜6)について1、2または3の最大スコアを自由裁量によって割り当てた。3箇所を超える関節が関わっている場合、以下の基準(表3〜6)を、最も重度に罹患した関節/大多数の関節に適用した。
研究18日目〜34日目についての投薬曲線下面積(AUC)を求めることにより、足スコアの臨床データ(動物平均)を分析した。AUCの算出については、各マウスの1日毎平均スコアをMicrosoft Excelに入力し、疾患発症後の治療日から最終日の間の面積を計算した。各群の平均を求め、治療動物および正常動物の値を比較することにより、関節炎対照の抑制パーセントを算出した。臨床および病理組織診断データの統計的分析は、スチューデントのt検定を使用し、有意性をp≦0.05に設定して実施した。
ここで、A=疾患対照平均−正常平均
B=治療平均−正常平均
この研究は、ヒト関節リウマチの動物モデルにおいて経口的に毎日投与した抗炎症薬の効果を評価するものである。結果は、関節リウマチ症状に対するラキニモドとメトトレキセートとの組合せの効果が、各薬剤単独の相加的効果を有意に上回っていることを示している。
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Claims (28)
- 関節リウマチに罹患している対象の治療方法であって、前記対象に、ある量のラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩と、ある量のメトトレキセートとを定期的に投与することを含み、前記量が、一緒に服用されるとき、前記対象の治療に有効である方法。
- ラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩の前記量およびメトトレキセートの前記量が、一緒に服用されるとき、各薬剤を単独で投与するより前記対象の治療に有効である請求項1に記載の方法。
- ラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩の前記量およびメトトレキセートの前記量が、一緒に服用されるとき、前記対象において関節リウマチの臨床症状を軽減するのに有効である請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- ラキニモドの薬学的に許容される塩がラキニモドナトリウムである、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩の定期的な投与が経口的に実施される、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 投与されるラキニモドの量が0.0005〜10mg/kg/日である請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 投与されるラキニモドの量が0.1〜2.0mg/日である請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- メトトレキセートの定期的な投与が経口的に実施される請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 投与されるメトトレキセートの量が0.02〜1.0mg/kg/日である請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 投与されるメトトレキセートの量が1〜3mg/日である請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 非ステロイド性抗炎症薬(NSAIDs)、サリチル酸塩、遅効性薬、金化合物、ヒドロキシクロロキン、スルファサラジン、遅効性薬の組合せ、副腎皮質ステロイド、細胞毒性薬、免疫抑制薬および/または抗体の投与をさらに含む請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩およびメトトレキセートの定期的な投与が、関節リウマチに関連する症状を実質的に消失させる請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩およびメトトレキセートの定期的な投与が、関節リウマチに関連する症状の重症度を軽減させる請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩およびメトトレキセートの定期的な投与が、関節リウマチに関連する症状に冒された関節の数を減少させる請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記症状が炎症である請求項12から14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記症状が、パンヌス組織の形成である請求項12から14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記症状が軟骨損傷である請求項12から14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記症状が骨吸収である請求項12から14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- ラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩およびメトトレキセートの定期的な投与が、前記対象の蛋白尿を減少させる請求項1から18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 蛋白尿の減少が、24時間尿蛋白、24時間蛋白/クレアチニン比、スポット尿蛋白/クレアチニン比、24時間尿アルブミン、24時間アルブミン/クレアチニン比、スポット尿アルブミン/クレアチニン比によって、または尿試験紙によって測定される、請求項19に記載の方法。
- ラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩およびメトトレキセートの定期的な投与が、尿沈渣を消失させる請求項1から20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 単独で服用されるときのラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩の前記量、および単独で服用されるときのメトトレキセートの前記量のそれぞれが、前記対象の治療に有効である請求項1から21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 単独で服用されるときのラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩の前記量、単独で服用されるときのメトトレキセートの前記量、および単独で服用されるときのそうした各量が、いずれも、前記対象の治療に有効でない請求項1から21のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象が、ラキニモド療法を開始するより前にメトトレキセート療法を受療中である請求項1から23のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が哺乳動物である請求項1から24のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物がヒトである請求項25に記載の方法。
- 関節リウマチに罹患している対象の治療においてメトトレキセートと組み合わせて使用するためのラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩。
- 関節リウマチに罹患している対象の治療において使用するための、ある量のラキニモドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩とある量のメトトレキセートとを含む医薬組成物。
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2011
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JPN5013004495; PREININGEROVA: 'ORAL LAQUINIMOD THERAPY IN RELAPSING MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS' EXPERT OPINION ON INVESTIGATIONAL DRUGS V18 N7, 20090701, P985-989 * |
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PE20130690A1 (es) | 2013-07-07 |
US8501766B2 (en) | 2013-08-06 |
JP5819328B2 (ja) | 2015-11-24 |
DK2542079T3 (da) | 2014-08-25 |
CN105796556A (zh) | 2016-07-27 |
BR112012022187A2 (pt) | 2015-09-22 |
EP2542079B1 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
KR20130014523A (ko) | 2013-02-07 |
CO6630085A2 (es) | 2013-03-01 |
PT2542079E (pt) | 2014-07-18 |
US20110218203A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
SG183513A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
WO2011109531A1 (en) | 2011-09-09 |
AU2011223697A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
CN102781240A (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
EP2542079A4 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
CL2012002424A1 (es) | 2012-12-21 |
ES2476368T3 (es) | 2014-07-14 |
NZ602478A (en) | 2014-09-26 |
EP2542079A1 (en) | 2013-01-09 |
SI2542079T1 (sl) | 2014-08-29 |
EA201290860A1 (ru) | 2013-04-30 |
ZA201207128B (en) | 2014-04-30 |
AU2011223697B2 (en) | 2016-07-14 |
CA2791709A1 (en) | 2011-09-09 |
MX2012010066A (es) | 2012-10-03 |
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