JP2013507741A - 流れ管理システムを備えた電気化学電池 - Google Patents
流れ管理システムを備えた電気化学電池 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/08—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M10/4214—Arrangements for moving electrodes or electrolyte
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- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
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- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
- H01M12/065—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode with plate-like electrodes or stacks of plate-like electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2009年10月8日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/249,917号からの優先権の利益を請求するものであり、この出願の全内容が引用により本明細書に組み入れられる。
Claims (22)
- 燃料電極と、
該燃料電極から距離をおいて配置された酸化電極と、
これらの電極に接触するイオン伝導性媒質と、
を具備し、
前記燃料電極及び前記酸化電極が、放電の間において、前記燃料電極において金属燃料を酸化し、前記酸化電極において酸化剤を還元して、負荷に印加するための放電電位差を前記燃料電極と前記酸化電極との間に発生させる、ように構成されており、
さらに、
前記燃料電極を保持するための空洞と、該空洞の一方の側において該空洞に接続され、該空洞にイオン伝導性媒質を供給するように構成された、少なくとも1つの入口と、前記空洞の前記少なくとも1つの入口とは反対の側において該空洞に接続され、前記イオン伝導性媒質が前記空洞から流出することを可能にするように構成された、少なくとも1つの出口と、を備えた電極ホルダと、
互いに距離をおいた関係により前記燃料電極及び前記空洞を横切って延びて該空洞に複数の流路を定める複数のスペーサであって、前記イオン伝導性媒質が、前記少なくとも1つの入口を介して各流路に流入し、前記燃料電極を横切り、前記少なくとも1つの出口を介して前記流路から流出するようになっている、複数のスペーサと、
を具備する電気化学電池。 - さらに充電電極を具備し、
前記燃料電極及び前記充電電極が、再充電の間において、電源から前記燃料電極と前記充電電極との間に再充電電位差を印加されることにより、前記燃料の還元可能な種を還元して前記燃料を前記燃料電極の上に電着させ、前記酸化剤の酸化可能な種を酸化する、ように構成されている、請求項1に記載の電気化学電池。 - 前記充電電極が、(a)酸化電極、(b)前記酸化電極から距離をおいて配置された第3の電極、及び、(c)前記燃料電極の一部、からなる群から選択されたものである、請求項2に記載の電気化学電池。
- 前記燃料電極が距離をおいた関係にある複数の透過性の電極ボディを含み、
前記充電電極が、再充電の間に、前記透過性の電極ボディのうちの少なくとも幾つかの電極ボディを含む動的充電電極である、請求項3に記載の電気化学電池。 - 各スペーサが、該スペーサの両端において、張力を生じた状態により前記電極ホルダに取り付けられて、前記燃料電極を前記電極ホルダに固定している、請求項1に記載の電気化学電池。
- 各スペーサが、細長い中央部分と、該細長い中央部分の各端部における形成された端部部分と、を含み、
前記電極ホルダが、前記スペーサの前記形成された端部部分に対応する複数の形成された開口を含んで、各スペーサの端部が前記電極ホルダにおける前記形成された開口により保持されることができるようになっている、請求項5に記載の電気化学電池。 - 前記形成された端部部分及び前記形成された開口が実質的に三角形状を有する、請求項6に記載の電気化学電池。
- 前記少なくとも1つの入口が複数の入口を含み、
前記少なくとも1つの出口が複数の出口を含み、
前記複数の入口のうちの1つの入口、及び、前記複数の出口のうちの1つの出口が各流路に関連付けられて、前記イオン伝導性媒質が、前記関連付けられた入口を介して各流路に流入し、前記燃料電極を横切って、前記関連付けられた出口を介して前記流路から流出するようになっている、請求項1に記載の電気化学電池。 - 前記空洞が、各流路の入口において広がる表面を含み、
該広がる表面が、前記流路における粒子が該流路に流入するイオン伝導性媒質とともに流動化される空間を部分的に定める、請求項8に記載の電気化学電池。 - 前記入口が、前記電極ホルダの入口チャネルと前記流路との間に圧力の低下をもたらすように構成される、請求項1に記載の電気化学電池。
- 前記燃料電極が、距離をおいた関係にある複数の透過性のボディを含み、
前記複数のスペーサが、前記複数の透過性のボディの間に設けられて、前記イオン伝導性媒質が、前記透過性のボディを通って浸透し、前記流路における前記透過性のボディを横切って流れる、請求項1に記載の電気化学電池。 - 各流路が、立体的なものであって、前記流路を定める前記スペーサと実質的に等しい高さを有する、請求項1に記載の電気化学電池。
- 放電の間に酸化された前記燃料が、前記イオン伝導性媒質の中に酸素を形成する、請求項1に記載の電気化学電池。
- 各スペーサが前記燃料電極の中に又は該燃料電極の上に成形される、請求項1に記載の電気化学電池。
- 前記燃料電極が、距離をおいた関係にある複数の透過性のボディを含み、
前記複数のスペーサが、前記複数の透過性のボディの中に又は該複数の透過性のボディの上に成形されて、該複数の透過性のボディが距離をおいた関係により保持され、前記イオン伝導性媒質が前記複数の透過性のボディを通って浸透し、かつ、前記流路における前記複数の透過性のボディを横切って流れることができるようになっている、請求項14に記載の電気化学電池。 - 複数の透過性の電極ボディと該複数の透過性の電極ボディの間に延びる実質的に平行な複数のスペーサとを含む、電気化学電池のための燃料電極を製造する方法であって、
各々が、互いに実質的に平行な2つの製造スペーサにより定められる複数の空洞に材料を注入する段階であって、隣接する前記複数の透過性の電極ボディが、これらの間にある前記製造スペーサを用いて実質的に互いに平行にかつ互いに距離をおいて保持されており、前記複数の透過性の電極ボディが前記複数の空洞の中に延びるようにする、段階と、
前記材料を硬化させて前記燃料電極の前記実質的に平行なスペーサを形成する段階と、
前記製造スペーサから前記透過性の電極ボディを分離して、前記透過性の電極ボディと前記材料から形成された前記実質的に平行なスペーサとが単一の一体的なユニットとなる段階と、
を含む方法。 - 前記複数の空洞が金型の中に形成される、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記製造スペーサが前記金型の一体的な部品である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記製造スペーサが個々の部品である、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 燃料電極と、
該燃料電極から距離をおいて配置された酸化電極と、
充電電極と、
これらの電極に接触するイオン伝導性媒質と、
を具備し、
前記燃料電極及び前記酸化電極が、放電の間において、前記燃料電極において金属燃料を酸化し、前記酸化電極において酸化剤を還元して、負荷に印加するための放電電位差を前記燃料電極と前記酸化電極との間に発生させる、ように構成されており、
前記燃料電極及び前記充電電極が、再充電の間において、電源から前記燃料電極と前記充電電極との間に再充電電位差を印加されることにより、前記燃料の還元可能な種を還元して前記燃料を前記燃料電極の上に電着させ、前記酸化剤の酸化可能な種を酸化する、ように構成されており、
さらに、
前記燃料電極を保持するための空洞と、該空洞の一方の側において該空洞に接続され、該空洞にイオン伝導性媒質を供給するように構成された、少なくとも1つの入口と、前記空洞の前記少なくとも1つの入口とは反対の側において該空洞に接続され、前記イオン伝導性媒質が前記空洞から流出することを可能にするように構成された、少なくとも1つの出口と、を備えた電極ホルダと、
互いに距離をおいた関係により前記燃料電極及び前記空洞を横切って延びて該空洞に複数の流路を定める複数のスペーサであって、前記イオン伝導性媒質が、前記少なくとも1つの入口を介して各流路に流入し、前記燃料電極を横切り、前記少なくとも1つの出口を介して前記流路から流出するようになっている、複数のスペーサと、
を具備する電気化学電池を充電する方法であって、
還元可能な種を含む前記イオン伝導性媒質を前記少なくとも1つの入口を通して前記流路に流入させる段階と、
前記充電電極をアノードとして機能させ前記燃料電極をカソードとして機能させて、前記充電電極と前記燃料電極との間に電流を印加して、前記還元可能な燃料種が、還元され、前記燃料電極において酸化可能な形により燃料として電着されるようになっている段階と、
前記電流を除去して前記充電を切断する段階と、
を含む方法。 - 前記充電電極が、(a)前記酸化電極、(b)該酸化電極から距離をおいて配置された第3の電極、及び、(c)前記燃料電極の一部分、からなる群から選択されたものである、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記燃料電極が距離をおいた関係にある複数の透過性の電極ボディを含み、
前記充電電極が、再充電の間に、動的充電電極であって、前記透過性の電極ボディのうちの少なくとも幾つかの電極ボディを含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102549834A (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
EP2486622A1 (en) | 2012-08-15 |
EP2486622B1 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
US20110086278A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
MX2012004237A (es) | 2012-10-03 |
AU2010303211A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
JP5734989B2 (ja) | 2015-06-17 |
AU2010303211B2 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
CN102549834B (zh) | 2015-03-11 |
US8492052B2 (en) | 2013-07-23 |
WO2011044528A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
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