JP2012527091A - 有機発光素子の改善された出力効率 - Google Patents
有機発光素子の改善された出力効率 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012527091A JP2012527091A JP2012511024A JP2012511024A JP2012527091A JP 2012527091 A JP2012527091 A JP 2012527091A JP 2012511024 A JP2012511024 A JP 2012511024A JP 2012511024 A JP2012511024 A JP 2012511024A JP 2012527091 A JP2012527091 A JP 2012527091A
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/856—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising reflective means
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/858—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
- H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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Abstract
Description
本願は、米国仮出願第61/178,412号(2009年5月14日出願)に基づく米国特許法第119条による優先権を主張する。該出願の内容は、その全体が参照により本明細書に引用される。
本発明は、改善された出力効率を有する、有機発光素子、ならびにその生産に好適な材料および方法を対象とする。本発明は、例えば、電子素子の分野において、有用性が見出される。
本発明の方法における基板に好適な材料は、透明または半透明であって、OLED素子と適合性がある。ポリマーおよび非晶質または半結晶性セラミックは、好ましい材料である。無機材料の実施例として、二酸化ケイ素(すなわち、シリカガラス)、種々のシリコン系ガラス、例えば、ソーダ石灰ガラスおよびホウケイ酸ガラス、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ジルコニウム、塩化ナトリウム、ダイヤモンド等が挙げられる。透明または半透明ポリマー材料の実施例として、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル、ポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート、ならびにコポリマーおよびそれらのコポリマーおよび混合物が挙げられる。基板は、剛体または可撓性であり得、任意の好適な形状および構成であり得る。
ポロゲン粒子の形状およびサイズは、多孔性層内の孔のサイズおよび形状を変動させるために、可変であり得る。典型的ポロゲン粒子は、球状であるが、他の形状(例えば、棒状、立方体等)も、同様に使用され得る。好ましい実施形態では、10nmから約1000nm、または約10nmから約500nm、または約10nmから約300nm、または約10nmから約100nm、または約30nmから約500nm、または約50nmから約500nm、または約80nmから約500nm、または約100nmから約500nmの範囲の平均直径を有する(または、非球状粒子の場合、最長寸法を有する)、ポロゲン粒子が使用される。いくつかの好ましい実施形態では、約10nm超、または約30nm超、または約50nm超、または約80nm超、または約100nm超、または約150nm超、または約200nm超、または約300nm超、または約500nm超の平均直径を有する、ポロゲン粒子が使用される。いくつかの実施形態では、約500nm未満、または約300nm未満、または約200nm未満、または約150nm未満、または約100nm未満、または約80nm未満、または約50nm未満、または約30nm未満の平均直径を有する、ポロゲン粒子が使用される。
図1を参照すると、本発明の一実施形態、素子100が、図式的に例証される。OLED積層20は、基板10と接触する。OLED積層20から放出される光は、光線1、2、および3に対して示されるように、基板10を通って進行するように指向される。基板10は、環境と界面を形成する、最外表面11(「最外」とは、OLED積層20から最も遠位であることを示す)を有する。表面11は、複数の孔隙12(2つの具体的孔隙が、12aおよび12bとして識別される)の形態として、表面粗化特徴を含む。複数の孔隙12は、基板10と環境との間の界面の表面積を増加させる。
OLEDをカバーガラスで封入し、所定の電流−電圧−輝度(JVB)試験を行った。次いで、素子の正面表面に砂吹き付けを行い、JVB試験を再度行なった。砂吹き付け前後に記録された外部量子効率を比較した。
金属粉末(例えば、アルミニウム粉末)または金属酸化物粉末(例えば、酸化アルミニウムまたは酸化チタン)をプレセラミックポリマー(PHMSOH)の溶液に分散させる。次いで、本分散は、基板の上部に塗膜される。金属(または、金属酸化物)粒子は、基板を酸に浸漬することによって除去され(例えば、塩酸、硝酸、硫酸、またはそれらの混合物)、多孔性層を形成する。PHMS−OHは、熱によって、最終的に硬化される。
有機高分子またはポリマーをプレセラミックポリマー(PHMS−OH)の溶液に分散(または、分解)させ、次いで、基板表面上に塗膜する。次いで、PHMS−OHを熱的に硬化し、次いで、必要とされる多孔性PHMS−OH膜を生成するために、有機構成要素(有機ポリマー分子)を酸化によって除去する。
顕微鏡ガラススライドを、洗剤を使用して、次いで、数分間、空気プラズマによって、清浄した。5重量%のプレセラミックポリマーPHMS−OH溶液(溶媒:イソプロピルアルコール)中に分散されたTiO2ナノ粒子の懸濁液を基板表面上にスピンコーティングした。スピンコーティング直後、約5分間、基板を塩酸と硝酸の1:1混合物中に浸漬し、次いで、基板を酸浴槽から除去し、続いて、脱イオン水で漱ぎ、窒素ガンを使用して乾燥させ、最後に、約1.5時間、16℃で、ホットプレート上で焼成する。本ガラススライド(上表面上にコーティングを伴う)が、OLED素子の放出側上に糊着された時、素子外部量子効率(EQE)は、約30%増加する(図4に示されるプロットにおけるEQE比較参照)。
Claims (20)
- 発光ダイオード(LED)素子であって、
第1および第2の側を有する透明基板層と、
該基板層の第1の側に接触する第1の電極層と、
該第1の電極層に接触するエレクトロルミネセント層と、
該エレクトロルミネセント層に接触する第2の電極層と、
該基板の第2の側に接触する多孔性層と
を備えている、LED。 - 前記多孔性層は、マトリクス材料と複数の孔とを備えている、請求項1に記載のLED。
- 前記多孔性層は、複数のポロゲン粒子を備えている、前駆多孔性層から調製される、請求項2に記載のLED。
- 前記ポロゲン材料は、金属または金属酸化物を備えている、請求項3に記載のLED。
- 前記マトリクス材料は、架橋性プレセラミックまたはポリマー材料である、請求項2に記載のLED。
- 前記マトリクス材料は、架橋セラミックまたはポリマー材料である、請求項2に記載のLED。
- 前記LEDは、
前記第1の電極層の少なくとも一部と前記エレクトロルミネセント層の少なくとも一部との間に置かれた誘電層と、
少なくとも該誘電層を通って延在する複数の空洞であって、該空洞は、該エレクトロルミネセント層からのエレクトロルミネセント材料を備え、該エレクトロルミネセント材料は、該誘電層の表面および該第1の電極層の表面に接触する、空洞と
をさらに備えている、請求項1に記載のLED。 - 発光ダイオード(LED)素子であって、
基板層と、
該基板層に接触する第1の電極層と、
該第1の電極層に接触するエレクトロルミネセント層と、
第2の電極層であって、該第2の電極層の第1の側は、該エレクトロルミネセント層に接触し、該第2の電極層は透明である、第2の電極層と、
該第2の電極層の第2の側に接触する多孔性層と
を備えている、LED素子。 - LEDの効率を増加させるための方法であって、
該LEDに、架橋性マトリクス材料およびポロゲンを備えている透明前駆多孔性層を適用することと、
該ポロゲンの全部または一部を除去し、該マトリクス材料を架橋結合することによって、透明多孔性層を形成することと
を含む、方法。 - 前記LEDは、有機LED(OLED)であって、
基板と、該基板に接触する第1の電極層と、該電極に接触するエレクトロルミネセント層と、該エレクトロルミネセント層に接触する第2の電極層と、該第2の電極層に接触する任意の封入層とを備えている、請求項9に記載の方法。 - 前記基板は、透明であり、前記OLED積層は、前記エレクトロルミネセント層内に光子を発生させ、該基板の表面を通して、該光子を放出するように構成されている、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の電極は、透明であり、前記OLED積層は、前記エレクトロルミネセント層内に光子を発生させ、該第2の電極層の表面を通して、または前記任意の封入層の表面を通して該光子を放出するように構成されている、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記透明前駆多孔性層は、前記基板の表面に適用される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記透明前駆多孔性層は、前記第2の電極層の表面または前記任意の封入層の表面に適用される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記架橋性マトリクス材料は、プレセラミック材料またはポリマー材料である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記架橋結合することは、前記架橋性材料を硬化させることにより、セラミック材料または架橋ポリマー材料を形成する、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記ポロゲンは、金属または金属酸化物粉末を備え、該ポロゲンは、前記前駆多孔性層をエッチング溶液と接触させることによって、除去される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記ポロゲンの全部または一部を除去することは、前記架橋結合することに先立って生じる、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記ポロゲンの全部または一部を除去することは、前記架橋結合することと同時に生じる、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 最外層を有するLEDの効率を増加させる方法であって、
多孔性透明層が該最外層に貼り付くように、透明な該最外層を該多孔性透明層と接触させることを含む、方法。
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WO2019218270A1 (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-11-21 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Organic light-emitting diode and electronic device |
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- 2010-05-13 JP JP2012511024A patent/JP2012527091A/ja active Pending
- 2010-05-13 WO PCT/US2010/034797 patent/WO2010132709A2/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102460767A (zh) | 2012-05-16 |
US20120119641A1 (en) | 2012-05-17 |
KR20120029425A (ko) | 2012-03-26 |
WO2010132709A3 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
WO2010132709A2 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
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