JP2012184356A - 炭化水素燃料の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化水素燃料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2012184356A JP2012184356A JP2011049282A JP2011049282A JP2012184356A JP 2012184356 A JP2012184356 A JP 2012184356A JP 2011049282 A JP2011049282 A JP 2011049282A JP 2011049282 A JP2011049282 A JP 2011049282A JP 2012184356 A JP2012184356 A JP 2012184356A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aliphatic compound
- hydrocarbon
- temperature
- aliphatic
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 150000007824 aliphatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 53
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 76
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 58
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 53
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 47
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 46
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 39
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 38
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 27
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 22
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 20
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000002035 hexane extract Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 16
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 241000195620 Euglena Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 aliphatic ester compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FLIACVVOZYBSBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl palmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FLIACVVOZYBSBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001047198 Scomberomorus semifasciatus Species 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012467 brownies Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UQDUPQYQJKYHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl laurate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC UQDUPQYQJKYHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940078812 myristyl myristate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- DZKXJUASMGQEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl tetradecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC DZKXJUASMGQEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ADOBXTDBFNCOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C ADOBXTDBFNCOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003296 Ni-Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018879 Pt—Pd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004164 Wax ester Substances 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ICSSIKVYVJQJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ICSSIKVYVJQJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- ICNCZDBBEZBDRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosa-1,3-diene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC=C ICNCZDBBEZBDRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(2+);dinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O AOPCKOPZYFFEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021003 saturated fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019386 wax ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/50—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids in the presence of hydrogen, hydrogen donors or hydrogen generating compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents characterised by the solvent used
- C10G21/12—Organic compounds only
- C10G21/14—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/42—Catalytic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
- C10G45/04—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
- C10G45/08—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
- C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
- C10G67/04—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B7/00—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils
- C11B7/0008—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils by differences of solubilities, e.g. by extraction, by separation from a solution by means of anti-solvents
- C11B7/0016—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils by differences of solubilities, e.g. by extraction, by separation from a solution by means of anti-solvents in hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/12—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by hydrogenation
- C11C3/123—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by hydrogenation using catalysts based principally on nickel or derivates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
- C10G2300/1014—Biomass of vegetal origin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4006—Temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/44—Solvents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
- Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】本発明は、藻類によって産生された脂肪族化合物と、超臨界状態にある臨界温度が90℃以上の炭化水素溶媒と、を含有する混合物を、脂肪族化合物の炭化水素溶媒への溶解度が炭化水素溶媒100g当たり15g以下となるように、温度及び圧力を調整して保持した後、脂肪族化合物の炭化水素溶媒への可溶分を回収する第1の工程と、第1の工程で回収された可溶分を、触媒を用いて水素化処理する第2の工程と、を備える炭化水素燃料の製造方法を提供する。
【選択図】図1
Description
すなわち、まず、ヘキサンや酢酸エチル等の脂肪族化合物の溶解度が高い溶剤を用いる従来の溶剤抽出方法においては、回収された脂肪族化合物中にマグネシウム(Mg)、ナトリウム(Na)等の金属分が不純物として混入してしまう。これらの金属分は藻類に由来するものと考えられる。そして、このような金属分を含んだ脂肪族化合物を水素化処理工程に供すると、金属分によって触媒が被毒され、触媒が急速に失活してしまうものと考えられる。
これに対して本発明の炭化水素燃料の製造方法においては、藻類によって産生された脂肪族化合物と、超臨界状態にある臨界温度が90℃以上の炭化水素溶媒と、を含む混合物を、脂肪族化合物の炭化水素溶媒への溶解度が炭化水素溶媒100g当たり15g以下となるように、温度及び圧力を調整して保持した後、脂肪族化合物の炭化水素溶媒への可溶分を回収することによって、回収された脂肪族化合物への金属分の混入を十分に抑制することができる。そして、そのようにして回収された脂肪族化合物を水素化処理工程に供することによって、金属分による触媒の被毒及び失活を十分に抑制することができるものと推察される。
得られた水素化分解生成物は、必要により蒸留等の手段によって沸点範囲ごとの留分に分別される。分別された脂肪族炭化水素は、ガソリンエンジン用、暖房用(灯油)、ジェットエンジン用、ディーゼルエンジン用等の基材として、それぞれに適した用途に用いられる。
なお、前記担体は、成型性及び機械的強度を向上させる目的で、アルミナ、シリカ、チタニア、マグネシア等のバインダを含有してもよい。
ユーグレナの培養を成書「ユーグレナ 生理と生化学」、学会出版センター(1989)付録の記載の方法に従って実施した。E.Gracilis Z株を用いて面積1.2m2のプールを利用して、Cramer−Myers培地の下で、屋外で太陽光により7日間培養を行った。その後、同書114ページの記載に従って丸1日嫌気処理を行い、更にこれを150℃で乾燥することによりユーグレナの乾燥粉体を得た。同じ操作を繰り返すことにより、嫌気処理済みのユーグレナ乾燥粉体を1700g回収した。
藻類からの脂肪族化合物の抽出に最も幅広く使用されているヘキサンを溶媒として使用して抽出を行なった。容量20Lのフラスコに1650gの上記乾燥粉体とヘキサン10Lを仕込み、得られた懸濁液を常圧下、55℃で1時間加熱・撹拌した後に、濾過することによりヘキサン溶液を回収した。
このヘキサン溶液から、エバポレータを用いて(湯浴温度50℃)ヘキサンを留去することによって、藻体からの抽出物を乾燥藻体に対して27.5質量%の割合で得た。この抽出物をGC−MS法及びNMR法により分析し、この抽出物がミリスチン酸ミリスチルを主成分とするワックスエステルであることを確認した。またこの抽出物中に含まれる酸素原子の含有量は8.1質量%であった。
この抽出物の55℃におけるヘキサンへの溶解度を別途測定した結果、ヘキサン100g当たり42gであった。すなわち、この溶解度の下で、上記の溶剤抽出を実施したことになる。以下この抽出物をヘキサン抽出油と呼ぶ。
内容積1Lの圧力容器を用いて、各条件において上記ヘキサン抽出油のプロパンへの溶解度の測定及び上記ヘキサン抽出油のプロパンによる抽出を実施した。
上記測定及び抽出においては、所定温度に制御された容器内にヘキサン溶剤油を仕込み、そこにプロパンを供給し、圧力を6MPaの状態で1h保持し、ヘキサン抽出油をプロパンに溶解させた(プロパン抽出)。その後、ヘキサン抽出油の一部が溶解した状態のプロパンを全量容器から抜き出した。各温度において、プロパンを抜き出した後の圧力容器中にはヘキサン抽出油が残留していたので、圧力容器から抜き出されたのは各温度における飽和濃度のヘキサン抽出油を溶解したプロパンであると判断した。
この飽和濃度のヘキサン抽出油が溶解したプロパンからプロパンを揮発させ、溶解していたヘキサン抽出油を回収して秤量し、プロパン100gに対する質量として、当該温度におけるヘキサン抽出油の溶解度を算出した。
また、各温度において、上記プロパン抽出においてプロパンに不溶であり、プロパン排出後に圧力容器中に残留していたヘキサン抽出油に新たにプロパンを添加して、ヘキサン抽出油のプロパン抽出及びプロパン可溶分の回収を上記と同様にして行なった。そして、プロパン抽出により回収されたヘキサン抽出油の合計の質量の圧力容器に仕込んだヘキサン抽出油の質量に対する割合(回収率)が90%以上となるまでこの操作を繰り返し実施した。
各温度における、ヘキサン抽出油のプロパンに対する溶解度の測定結果を表2に示す。表2に示した結果から、温度が110℃から120℃の間で大きく溶解度が変化することが分かる。
濃度5質量%のアルミン酸ナトリウム水溶液3000gに水ガラス3号18.0gを加え、65℃に保温した容器に入れた。他方、65℃に保温した別の容器において濃度2.5質量%の硫酸アルミニウム水溶液3000gにリン酸(濃度85%)6.0gを加えた溶液を調製し、これに前述のアルミン酸ナトリウムを含む水溶液を滴下した。混合溶液のpHが7.0になる時点を終点として滴下を終了し、得られたスラリー状の生成物をフィルターに通して濾取し、ケーキ状のスラリーを得た。
このケーキ状のスラリーを還流冷却器を取り付けた容器に移し、蒸留水150mlと27%アンモニア水溶液10gを加え、75℃で20時間加熱・攪拌した。該スラリーを混練装置に入れ、80℃以上に加熱し水分を除去しながら混練し、粘土状の混練物を得た。得られた混練物を押出成形機によって直径約1.5mmの円筒状の形状に押し出して長さ約3mmに切断し、110℃で1時間乾燥した後550℃で焼成し、成形担体を得た。
得られた成形担体50gをナス型フラスコに入れ、ロータリーエバポレーターで脱気しながら三酸化モリブデン17.3g、硝酸ニッケル(II)6水和物13.2g、リン酸(濃度85%)3.9g及びリンゴ酸4.0gを含む含浸水溶液をフラスコ内に注入して含浸を行なった。含浸した試料は120℃で1時間乾燥した後、550℃で焼成し、触媒を得た。触媒の物性を表3に示す。
上記触媒(10ml)を充填した反応管を固定床流通式反応装置に向流に取り付けた。その後、ジメチルジサルファイドを加えた直留軽油(硫黄分3質量%)を用いて触媒層平均温度300℃、水素分圧6MPa、液空間速度1h−1、水素/油比200NL/L(「NL」は0℃、大気圧における水素ガスの容積)の条件下で、4時間触媒の予備硫化を行った。
予備硫化後、前出のヘキサン抽出油(プロパン抽出を行なっていない)を原料油として水素化脱酸素処理を行った。なおその際、原料油に対する硫黄分含有量(硫黄原子換算)が10質量ppmになるようにジメチルサルファイドを原料油に添加した。処理の条件は、水素圧力を6.0MPa、液空間速度を1.0h−1、水素/油比を510NL/Lとした。また、処理温度は生成油中の酸素原子の含有量が燃料油品質を確保するために必要な0.5質量%以下となるよう調整し、予備検討の結果を基に処理開始時には280℃とした。その後触媒の劣化(活性低下)が著しいため、前記生成油中の酸素原子の含有量を維持するために、処理温度を経時的に大きな幅で上げざるを得なかった。触媒の劣化速度を、生成油中の酸素原子の含有量を0.5質量%以下に維持するために必要な1日当りの反応温度の上昇幅を指標(「触媒劣化速度指標」という。)として表すと、11.2℃/日となった。
比較例1のヘキサン抽出油に代えて、前出の表1に示した、圧力6MPaの下でのヘキサン抽出油のプロパンへの溶解度が、プロパン100g当たり26.2gとなる条件(温度110℃)で、回収率が90%以上となるまでプロパン抽出を繰り返して得られたプロパン可溶分を用いたこと以外は、比較例1と同様の操作により水素化脱酸素処理を行った。比較例1と同様に触媒の劣化が著しく、触媒劣化速度指標は10.4℃/日となった。
比較例1のヘキサン抽出油に代えて、前出の表1に示した、圧力6MPaの下でのヘキサン抽出油のプロパンへの溶解度が、プロパン100g当たり13.7gとなる条件(温度111℃)で、回収率が90%以上となるまでプロパン抽出を繰り返して得られたプロパン可溶分を用いたこと以外は、比較例1と同様の操作により水素化脱酸素処理を行った。比較例1及び比較例2に比べて触媒劣化が緩和され、触媒劣化速度指標は0.7℃/日となった。
比較例1のヘキサン抽出油に代えて、前出の表1に示した、圧力6MPaの下でのヘキサン抽出油のプロパンへの溶解度が、プロパン100g当たり8.0gとなる条件(温度112℃)で、回収率が90%以上となるまでプロパン抽出を繰り返して得られたプロパン可溶分を用いたこと以外は比較例1と同様の操作を行った。触媒劣化がさらに緩和され、触媒劣化速度指標は0.5℃/日となった。
比較例1のヘキサン抽出油に代えて、前出の表1に示した、圧力6MPaの下でのヘキサン抽出油のプロパンへの溶解度が、プロパン100g当たり5.5gとなる条件(温度114℃)で、回収率が90%以上となるまでプロパン抽出を繰り返して得られたプロパン可溶分を用いたこと以外は、比較例1と同様の操作により水素化脱酸素処理を行った。触媒劣化が一層緩和され、触媒劣化速度指標は0.3℃/日となった。
Claims (1)
- 藻類によって産生された脂肪族化合物と、超臨界状態にある臨界温度が90℃以上の炭化水素溶媒とを含有する混合物を、前記炭化水素溶媒100gに対する前記脂肪族化合物の溶解度が15g以下となるように、温度及び圧力を調整して保持した後、前記脂肪族化合物の前記炭化水素溶媒への可溶分を回収する第1の工程と、
前記第1の工程で回収された可溶分を、触媒を用いて水素化処理する第2の工程と、
を備える炭化水素燃料の製造方法。
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011049282A JP5807947B2 (ja) | 2011-03-07 | 2011-03-07 | 炭化水素燃料の製造方法 |
AU2012226064A AU2012226064A1 (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2012-01-19 | Hydrocarbon fuel production method |
EP12755377.4A EP2684937A4 (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2012-01-19 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HYDROCARBON FUEL |
BR112013022637A BR112013022637A2 (pt) | 2011-03-07 | 2012-01-19 | método de produção de combustível de hidrocarboneto |
MYPI2013701575A MY162960A (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2012-01-19 | Hydrocarbon fuel production method |
US14/003,322 US20140051899A1 (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2012-01-19 | Hydrocarbon fuel production method |
PCT/JP2012/051126 WO2012120926A1 (ja) | 2011-03-07 | 2012-01-19 | 炭化水素燃料の製造方法 |
SG2013066154A SG193273A1 (en) | 2011-03-07 | 2012-01-19 | Hydrocarbon fuel production method |
KR1020137024049A KR20140020906A (ko) | 2011-03-07 | 2012-01-19 | 탄화수소 연료의 제조방법 |
CN2012800120271A CN103415593A (zh) | 2011-03-07 | 2012-01-19 | 烃燃料的制造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011049282A JP5807947B2 (ja) | 2011-03-07 | 2011-03-07 | 炭化水素燃料の製造方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2012184356A true JP2012184356A (ja) | 2012-09-27 |
JP5807947B2 JP5807947B2 (ja) | 2015-11-10 |
Family
ID=46797897
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011049282A Active JP5807947B2 (ja) | 2011-03-07 | 2011-03-07 | 炭化水素燃料の製造方法 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20140051899A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2684937A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5807947B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20140020906A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103415593A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2012226064A1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112013022637A2 (ja) |
MY (1) | MY162960A (ja) |
SG (1) | SG193273A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012120926A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013532991A (ja) * | 2010-07-26 | 2013-08-22 | サファイア エナジー,インコーポレイティド | バイオマスからの油性化合物の回収方法 |
JP2016056266A (ja) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-04-21 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 炭化水素の製造方法 |
WO2017081992A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-18 | 株式会社デンソー | 潤滑性推定装置および燃料供給制御装置 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160096782A1 (en) * | 2014-10-01 | 2016-04-07 | Uop Llc | Methods and apparatuses for processing bio-derived normal nonane |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06311882A (ja) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-11-08 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 海洋性微細藻類の脱臭方法 |
JPH09803A (ja) * | 1995-06-19 | 1997-01-07 | Chikyu Kankyo Sangyo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kiko | ボツリオコッカス属に属する微細藻類から炭化水素類を抽出する方法 |
JP2005520869A (ja) * | 2001-11-08 | 2005-07-14 | ソルベント イノベーション ゲーエムベーハー | 炭化水素及び炭化水素混合物からの極性不純物除去方法 |
JP2009191008A (ja) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-08-27 | South Product:Kk | 褐藻類由来機能性成分の抽出方法 |
JP2010503416A (ja) * | 2006-09-18 | 2010-02-04 | アリゾナ ボード オブ リージェンツ, ア ボディー コーポレイト オブ ザ ステート オブ アリゾナ アクティング フォー アンド オン ビハーフ オブ アリゾナ ステート ユニバーシティー | 藻類の中鎖長脂肪酸および炭化水素 |
JP2010111865A (ja) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-05-20 | Univ Of Tokyo | 炭化水素の製造方法及び炭化水素製造システム |
WO2011025002A1 (ja) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-03-03 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 航空燃料油基材の製造方法及び航空燃料油組成物 |
JP2011246605A (ja) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-08 | Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd | バイオ燃料製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5189740B2 (ja) | 2006-05-17 | 2013-04-24 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 水素化精製方法 |
JP2007308564A (ja) | 2006-05-17 | 2007-11-29 | Nippon Oil Corp | 水素化精製方法 |
NZ547429A (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2009-09-25 | Ind Res Ltd | Extraction of highly unsaturated lipids with liquid dimethyl ether |
CN101144047A (zh) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-19 | 吴膺丰 | 一种提取植物性油脂的方法 |
US7977076B2 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2011-07-12 | Genifuel Corporation | Integrated processes and systems for production of biofuels using algae |
US8003834B2 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2011-08-23 | Uop Llc | Integrated process for oil extraction and production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks |
AU2008353358B2 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2013-08-22 | Uop Llc | Production of aviation fuel from biorenewable feedstocks |
US7888540B2 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2011-02-15 | General Electric Company | Integrated system and method for producing fuel composition from biomass |
CN101613618B (zh) * | 2008-06-27 | 2013-03-27 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | 一种以微藻油脂为原料制备生物柴油的方法 |
JP5339863B2 (ja) | 2008-11-20 | 2013-11-13 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 航空燃料油組成物の製造方法 |
CN101474493A (zh) * | 2008-12-05 | 2009-07-08 | 符文飙 | 一种混合溶剂低压流体临界提取方法 |
CN101747924B (zh) * | 2008-12-19 | 2013-08-28 | 普罗米绿色能源(深圳)有限公司 | 以藻类植物为原料生产生物柴油的方法 |
WO2011011588A1 (en) * | 2009-07-22 | 2011-01-27 | Joshi Chandrashekhar H | Fuel composition derived from biodiesel |
-
2011
- 2011-03-07 JP JP2011049282A patent/JP5807947B2/ja active Active
-
2012
- 2012-01-19 WO PCT/JP2012/051126 patent/WO2012120926A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-01-19 EP EP12755377.4A patent/EP2684937A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-01-19 BR BR112013022637A patent/BR112013022637A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-01-19 AU AU2012226064A patent/AU2012226064A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-01-19 KR KR1020137024049A patent/KR20140020906A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-01-19 MY MYPI2013701575A patent/MY162960A/en unknown
- 2012-01-19 CN CN2012800120271A patent/CN103415593A/zh active Pending
- 2012-01-19 US US14/003,322 patent/US20140051899A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-01-19 SG SG2013066154A patent/SG193273A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06311882A (ja) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-11-08 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 海洋性微細藻類の脱臭方法 |
JPH09803A (ja) * | 1995-06-19 | 1997-01-07 | Chikyu Kankyo Sangyo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kiko | ボツリオコッカス属に属する微細藻類から炭化水素類を抽出する方法 |
JP2005520869A (ja) * | 2001-11-08 | 2005-07-14 | ソルベント イノベーション ゲーエムベーハー | 炭化水素及び炭化水素混合物からの極性不純物除去方法 |
JP2010503416A (ja) * | 2006-09-18 | 2010-02-04 | アリゾナ ボード オブ リージェンツ, ア ボディー コーポレイト オブ ザ ステート オブ アリゾナ アクティング フォー アンド オン ビハーフ オブ アリゾナ ステート ユニバーシティー | 藻類の中鎖長脂肪酸および炭化水素 |
JP2009191008A (ja) * | 2008-02-14 | 2009-08-27 | South Product:Kk | 褐藻類由来機能性成分の抽出方法 |
JP2010111865A (ja) * | 2008-10-10 | 2010-05-20 | Univ Of Tokyo | 炭化水素の製造方法及び炭化水素製造システム |
WO2011025002A1 (ja) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-03-03 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 航空燃料油基材の製造方法及び航空燃料油組成物 |
JP2011246605A (ja) * | 2010-05-26 | 2011-12-08 | Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd | バイオ燃料製造方法 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013532991A (ja) * | 2010-07-26 | 2013-08-22 | サファイア エナジー,インコーポレイティド | バイオマスからの油性化合物の回収方法 |
JP2016056266A (ja) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-04-21 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 炭化水素の製造方法 |
WO2017081992A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-18 | 株式会社デンソー | 潤滑性推定装置および燃料供給制御装置 |
JP2017089546A (ja) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-25 | 株式会社デンソー | 潤滑性推定装置および燃料供給制御装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MY162960A (en) | 2017-07-31 |
EP2684937A1 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
WO2012120926A1 (ja) | 2012-09-13 |
KR20140020906A (ko) | 2014-02-19 |
JP5807947B2 (ja) | 2015-11-10 |
AU2012226064A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
US20140051899A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
EP2684937A4 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
BR112013022637A2 (pt) | 2016-12-06 |
SG193273A1 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
CN103415593A (zh) | 2013-11-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2084245B1 (en) | Process for producing hydrocarbon fractions from mixtures of a biological origin | |
JP5857095B2 (ja) | モリブデンベースの触媒を用いることにより再生可能な起源の流出物を優れた品質の燃料に転化する方法 | |
US8552235B2 (en) | Process for hydrodeoxygenation of feeds derived from renewable sources with limited decarboxylation conversion using a catalyst based on nickel and molybdenum | |
RU2495082C2 (ru) | Способ и катализатор гидропереработки | |
JP4832871B2 (ja) | 水素化精製方法 | |
JP2010509472A5 (ja) | ||
JP2007153928A (ja) | 環境低負荷型燃料の製造方法および環境低負荷型燃料 | |
EP2356197B1 (en) | Process for the production of hydrocarbon composition useful as fuel and combustible obtained from oil components and a biological component | |
JP5807947B2 (ja) | 炭化水素燃料の製造方法 | |
JP5196734B2 (ja) | 水素化精製方法 | |
JP5022117B2 (ja) | 炭化水素油の製造方法 | |
JP2007308564A (ja) | 水素化精製方法 | |
JP2009019175A (ja) | 炭化水素油の製造方法 | |
JP5189740B2 (ja) | 水素化精製方法 | |
ES2692174T3 (es) | Proceso para preparar una composición de hidrocarburo útil como carburante o combustible | |
JP2018095723A (ja) | ディーゼル燃料基材、ディーゼル燃料組成物、ディーゼル燃料基材の製造方法およびディーゼル燃料組成物の製造方法 | |
JP2017125113A (ja) | 炭化水素留分の製造方法 | |
RU2602278C1 (ru) | Катализатор и процесс гидродеоксигенации растительного сырья с его использованием |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20130625 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20130625 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20150106 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20150224 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20150825 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20150903 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5807947 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
S533 | Written request for registration of change of name |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313533 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |