JP2011526951A - ポリ乳酸を含んでなる重合体状組成物並びにそれらの製造および使用方法 - Google Patents
ポリ乳酸を含んでなる重合体状組成物並びにそれらの製造および使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011526951A JP2011526951A JP2011516616A JP2011516616A JP2011526951A JP 2011526951 A JP2011526951 A JP 2011526951A JP 2011516616 A JP2011516616 A JP 2011516616A JP 2011516616 A JP2011516616 A JP 2011516616A JP 2011526951 A JP2011526951 A JP 2011526951A
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- Prior art keywords
- polyolefin
- component
- layer
- polypropylene
- pla
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Images
Classifications
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- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
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- B32B27/38—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising epoxy resins
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- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
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Abstract
【選択図】 図1
Description
この開示は重合体状組成物に関する。より具体的には、この開示は生分解性重合体を含んでなる重合体状組成物に関する。
合成重合体状物質、例えばポリプロピレンおよびポリエチレン樹脂、は医学装置から食品容器までの範囲にわたる種々の最終用途製品の製造において広く使用されている。多くの産業、例えば包装産業、は二成分繊維および多層フィルムを包含する種々の完成品を作成するための種々の製造方法においてポリプロピレン物質を使用する。
生分解性重合体を含んでなる第一成分、並びにポリオレフィンおよび反応性改質剤を含んでなる第二成分を含んでなる多成分製品がここに開示される。
この開示およびその利点のさらに完全な理解のために、次に添付図面および詳細な記述と関連させて以下の簡単な記述が参考にされ、ここで等しい整理番号は等しい部品を表す。
定される0.5g/10分〜30g/10分、或いは1.0g/10分〜15g/10分、および或いは1.5g/10分〜5.0g/10分、のメルトフローレート;ASTM
D638に従い測定される200,000psi〜350,000psi、或いは220,000psi〜320,000psi、および或いは250,000psi〜320,000psi、の引張り弾性率;ASTM D638に従い測定される3,000psi〜6,000psi、或いは3,500psi〜5,500psi、および或いは4,000psi〜5,500psi、の降伏時の引張り応力;ASTM D638に従い測定される5%〜30%、或いは5%〜20%、および或いは5%〜15%、の降伏時の引張り歪み;ASTM D790に従い測定される120,000psi〜330,000psi、或いは190,000psi〜310,000psi、および或いは220,000psi〜300,000psi、の曲げ弾性率;ASTM D2463に従い測定される3インチ−ポンド〜50インチ−ポンド、或いは5インチ−ポンド〜30インチ−ポンド、および或いは9インチ−ポンド〜25インチ−ポンド、のガードナー衝撃;ASTM D256Aに従い測定される0.2フィートポンド/インチ〜20フィートポンド/インチ、或いは0.5フィートポンド/インチ〜15フィートポンド/インチ、および或いは0.5フィートポンド/インチ〜10フィートポンド/インチ、の切欠きアイゾット衝撃強さ;ASTM D2240に従い測定される30〜90、或いは50〜85、および或いは60〜80、のショア硬度;並びにASTM D648に従い測定される50℃〜125℃、或いは80℃〜115℃、および或いは90℃〜110℃、の熱歪み温度を有することができる。
NMR分光法により測定できそしてメソペンダットの百分率(%mmmm)として表示できる。ここで使用される際には、用語「メソペンダット」は重合体連鎖の同一側に置かれた連続するメチル基をさす。ある態様では、HCPPは97%より大きい、または98%より大きい、または99%より大きい、メソペンダット百分率を有する。HCPPは幾らかの量のアタクチックまたは非晶質重合体を含んでなりうる。重合体のアタクチック部分はキシレン中に可溶性であり、そしてそのためにキシレン可溶性部分(XS%)と称される。XS%の測定では、重合体を沸騰しているキシレンの中に溶解させそして次に溶液を0℃に冷却すると、重合体のアイソタクチックまたは結晶性部分の沈殿をもたらす。XS%は、冷たいキシレン中に可溶性のまま残る元の量の部分である。従って、重合体中のXS%は製造される結晶性重合体の程度の指示値である。重合体の合計量(100%)はASTM D5492−98に従い測定されるキシレン可溶性部分およびキシレン不溶性部分の合計である。ある態様では、HCPPは1.5%より少ない、または1.0%より少ない、または0.5%より少ない、キシレン可溶性部分を有する。
或いは500,000psi〜700,000psi、および或いは600,000psi〜700,000psi、の横方向(TD)における割線モジュラス;ASTM D882に従い測定される19,000psi〜28,000psi、或いは22,000psi〜28,000psi、および或いは25,000psi〜28,000psi、のMDにおける破壊時の引張り強さ;ASTM D882に従い測定される20,000psi〜40,000psi、或いは30,000psi〜40,000psi、および或いは35,000psi〜40,000psi、のTDにおける破壊時の引張り強さ;ASTM D882に従い測定される50%〜200%、或いは100%〜180%、および或いは120%〜150%、のMDにおける破壊時の伸び;ASTM D882に従い測定される50%〜150%、或いは60%〜100%、および或いは80%〜100%、のTDにおける破壊時の伸び;示差走査熱量法により測定される150℃〜170℃、或いは155℃〜170℃、および或いは160℃〜170℃、の溶融温度;ASTM D2457に従い測定される70〜95、或いは75〜90、および或いは80〜90、の45°における光沢;ASTM D1003に従い測定される0.5%〜2.0%、或いは0.5%〜1.5%、および或いは0.5%〜1.0%、の百分率ヘイズ;並びにASTM F−1249−90に従い測定される0.15〜0.30g−ミル/100インチ2/日、或いは0.15〜0.25g−ミル/100インチ2/日、および或いは0.20〜0.21g−ミル/100インチ2/日、の水蒸気透過率を有することができる。
)を用いてASTM D1238に従い測定することができる。
0℃〜140℃、または125℃〜135℃、または130℃〜133℃、の溶融温度を一般的に有することができる。
にさらに詳細に記述されており、それらのそれぞれは引用することにより本発明の内容となる。
うる。使用される媒体は一般的に重合条件下で液体でありそして比較的不活性である。塊状相方法はスラリー方法のものと同様である。しかしながら、ある方法は塊状方法、スラリー方法または塊状スラリー方法でありうる。
例えば、NatureWorks 3051D)は一般的に表8に示された物理的性質を有することができる。
ポリプロピレン巨大ラジカルを生成できる。一般的に不安定であるポリプロピレン巨大ラジカルは「s−分離」と称する段階によりフリーラジカルを生成する傾向がある。β−分離はラジカルに対してベータ−位置にある結合が開裂して二重結合および新ラジカルの形成をもたらす反応群をさす。β−分離反応は主として内部二重結合の形成に起因するためその発生は最終的重合体のアリル系含有量に関連すると信じられている。β−分離は典型的にはグラフト化反応(すなわち、GMAの添加)より起き易いため、GMAのより低いグラフト化およびより低い平均分子量を有するポリプロピレンをもたらす。しかしながら、多官能性アクリレート共単量体を含んでなる反応では、多官能性アクリレート共単量体はポリプロピレン巨大ラジカルを容易に捕獲してより安定な中間体(すなわち、ポリプロピレン−アクリレートラジカル)の生成をもたらすために作用しうる。比較的安定なプロピレン−アクリレートラジカルはアクリレートタイプ単量体であるGMAとより容易に反応する傾向があり、そしてその結果としてグラフト化反応を起こし易い。
%〜15重量%、或いは1.0重量%〜10重量%、或いは3.0重量%〜5.0重量%、の量で存在する。
D3330/3330M−00に従い測定されるようにポリオレフィンをPLAから剥離するために必要な強さを測定することにより決めることができる。ある態様では、ここに記述されているタイプの多層フィルムは1インチ幅当たりにかけられた0.01ポンド(ポンドf/1幅)に等しいかまたはそれより大きい、或いは0.1ポンドf/1幅に等しいかまたはそれより大きい、或いは0.5ポンドf/1幅に等しいかまたはそれより大きい、或いは1ポンドf/1幅に等しいかまたはそれより大きい、或いは2ポンドf/1幅に等しいかまたはそれより大きい、ポリオレフィンおよびPLAの間の接着強さを有することができる。
LAの間の界面結合を改良して反応性改質剤を欠く他の同様な多層フィルムと比べた時に改良された結合を有する多層フィルムを生ずるために作用する接着または結合層として作用しうる。理論により限定されることは望まないが、反応性改質剤は配合物(例えば、PPおよびPLA)の界面に泳動しそして結合層として作用しうる。
許第2,178,104号明細書に見られる。
ここでは界面接着性は成分間の界面が成分の界面を回転する分子内力、連鎖絡み、または両者により維持される接着性をさす。
開示を一般的に記述してきたが、以下の実施例は開示の特定態様としてそしてその実施法および利点を示すために提示される。実施例は説明のために提示されそして明細書または特許請求の範囲をいずれかの方法により限定する意図がないことを理解すべきである。以下では、断らない限り、組成物または調合物中の成分の量は組成物の合計重量を基準とした成分の重量パーセントを示す百分率として表示される。
用ディスクに圧縮した。図1は種々のPP−g−GMA試料のFTIRスペクトルである。図1に言及すると、ポリプロピレンの存在は全ての試料に関して2722cm−1におけるピークの出現により検出できる。試料1は0.05phrの過酸化物を有するベース樹脂の再押し出し物である。試料2はGMA−グラフト化されたPPであり、それは通常(すなわち、多官能性アクリレート共単量体の不存在下)の反応性押し出し調合物を用いて製造され、1730cm−1における無視できるC=Oピーク強度を示し、そのピークはグラフト化されたGMAに指定されており、最小のGMAグラフト化率が得られたことを示す。しかしながら、多官能性アクリレート共単量体が存在する時(試料3および4)には、強いC=Oピークが観察された。
Claims (26)
- 生分解性重合体を含んでなる第一成分、並びに
ポリオレフィンおよび反応性改質剤を含んでなる第二成分
を含んでなる多成分製品。 - ポリオレフィンを反応性改質剤の不存在下で含んでなる第三成分をさらに含んでなる請求項1の製品。
- 反応性改質剤がエポキシ−官能化されたポリオレフィンを含んでなる請求項1の製品。
- エポキシ−官能化されたポリオレフィンがエポキシ−官能化されたポリプロピレン、エポキシ−官能化されたポリエチレン、またはそれらの組み合わせを含んでなる請求項3の製品。
- エポキシ−官能化されたポリオレフィンがグリシジルメタクリレートグラフト化されたポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンコグリシジルメタクリレート、またはそれらの組み合わせを含んでなる請求項3の製品。
- 生分解性重合体がポリ乳酸を含んでなる請求項1の製品。
- ポリ乳酸がポリ−L−ラクチド、ポリ−D−ラクチド、ポリ−LD−ラクチド、またはそれらの組み合わせを含んでなる請求項6の製品。
- 第一成分が着色剤をさらに含んでなる請求項6の製品。
- ポリオレフィンがポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、またはそれらの組み合わせを含んでなる請求項1の製品。
- ポリオレフィンが5重量%までの別のC2−C8アルファオレフィンを有するポリプロピレン、高結晶性ポリプロピレンホモ重合体、ポリプロピレン異相共重合体、またはそれらの組み合わせを含んでなる請求項1の製品。
- ポリオレフィンが高密度ポリエチレン、低密度ポリエチレン、線状低密度ポリエチレン、またはそれらの組み合わせを含んでなる請求項1の製品。
- ポリオレフィンがポリエチレンを1重量%〜99重量%の量で含んでなり、
生分解性重合体がポリ乳酸を1重量%〜99重量%の量で含んでなり、そして
反応性改質剤がポリエチレンコグリシジルメタクリレートを0.5重量%〜15重量%の量で含んでなり、ここで重量百分率は製品の合計重量を基準とする、請求項1の製品。 - ポリオレフィンがポリプロピレンを1重量%〜99重量%の量で含んでなり、
生分解性重合体がポリ乳酸を1重量%〜99重量%の量で含んでなり、そして
反応性改質剤がグリシジルメタクリレートグラフト化されたポリプロピレンを0.5重量%〜15重量%の量で含んでなり、ここで重量百分率は製品の合計重量を基準とする、請求項1の製品。 - 請求項1の製品を含んでなる多成分繊維。
- フィラメント当たり1〜20デニールの合計線状質量密度を有する請求項14の多成分
繊維。 - 第二成分が多成分繊維の合計線状質量密度を基準として50%〜90%の線状質量密度を有する請求項14の多成分繊維。
- 同心鞘芯、偏心鞘芯、または並行構成を有する請求項14の多成分繊維。
- 請求項1の製品を含んでなる多層フィルム。
- 0.5〜150ミルの合計厚さを有する請求項18の多層フィルム。
- ポリオレフィンを反応性改質剤の不存在下で含んでなる第三成分をさらに含んでなり、ここで
第三成分を含んでなる層が多層フィルムの合計厚さの3%〜45%の厚さを有し、
第二成分を含んでなる層が多層フィルムの合計厚さの0.2%〜30%の厚さを有し、そして
第一成分を含んでなる層が多層フィルムの合計厚さの1%〜50%の厚さを有する、
請求項18の多層フィルム。 - 第二成分を含んでなる層がキャップ層、芯層、連結層、またはそれらの組み合わせとして構成される請求項18の多層フィルム。
- インチ幅当たりにかけられた0.01ポンド(インチ幅当たりのポンドf)に等しいかまたはそれより大きい第一および第二成分間の剥離強さを有する請求項18の多層フィルム。
- 第一および第二フィルム層を共押し出しすることを含んでなる多層フィルムの製造方法であって、ここで第一層がポリ乳酸を含んでなりそして第二層がポリオレフィンおよびエポキシ−官能化されたポリオレフィンを含んでなる方法。
- 第三フィルム層を第一および第二フィルム層と共に押し出すことをさらに含んでなり、ここで第三層がポリオレフィンをエポキシ−官能化されたポリオレフィンの不存在下で含んでなる、請求項23の方法。
- 芯成分および鞘成分を共押し出しすることを含んでなる多成分繊維の製造方法であって、ここで芯成分がポリオレフィンおよびエポキシ−官能化されたポリオレフィンを含んでなりそして鞘成分がポリ乳酸を含んでなる方法。
- 第三繊維成分を芯および鞘繊維成分と共に押し出すことをさらに含んでなり、ここで第三繊維成分がポリオレフィンをエポキシ−官能化されたポリオレフィンの不存在下で含んでなる、請求項25の方法。
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Also Published As
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DK2297385T3 (da) | 2013-03-18 |
EP2297385B1 (en) | 2012-12-05 |
CN101868567B (zh) | 2014-03-12 |
PL2297385T3 (pl) | 2013-05-31 |
EP2297385A4 (en) | 2011-10-12 |
US20090324911A1 (en) | 2009-12-31 |
CN101868567A (zh) | 2010-10-20 |
US8545971B2 (en) | 2013-10-01 |
KR20110036876A (ko) | 2011-04-12 |
ES2406160T3 (es) | 2013-06-05 |
WO2010002670A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
EP2297385A1 (en) | 2011-03-23 |
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