CN105420838B - 一种熔体直纺三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的生产方法 - Google Patents

一种熔体直纺三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的生产方法 Download PDF

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CN105420838B
CN105420838B CN201510984615.7A CN201510984615A CN105420838B CN 105420838 B CN105420838 B CN 105420838B CN 201510984615 A CN201510984615 A CN 201510984615A CN 105420838 B CN105420838 B CN 105420838B
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spinning
fiber
polylactic acid
polylactic
acid short
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CN105420838A (zh
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张石广
何洪才
单正进
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Jiangsu Zhongshi Fiber Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/02—Heat treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
    • D01D5/16—Stretch-spinning methods using rollers, or like mechanical devices, e.g. snubbing pins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明为一种熔体直纺三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的生产方法，通过设置聚乳酸纤维的截面形状，熔体中添加的助剂及纺丝拉伸卷曲过程中各参数的设定，获得一种耐磨、抗氧化分解性能较好，且柔软强韧的聚乳酸短纤维。

Description

一种熔体直纺三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的生产方法
技术领域
本发明涉及化学纤维制造领域，具体涉及一种熔体直纺三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的生产方法。
背景技术
聚乳酸纤维是以玉米、小麦、甜菜等含淀粉的农产品为原料，经发酵生成乳酸后，再经缩聚和熔体纺丝制成。聚乳酸纤维是一种原料可种植、易种植，废弃物在自然界中可自然降解的合成纤维。它在土壤或海水中经微生物作用可分解为二氧化碳和水，燃烧时，不会散发毒气，不会造成污染，是一种可持续发展的生态纤维。其织物面料手感、悬垂性好，抗紫外线，具有较低的可燃性和优良的加工性能，适用于各种时装、休闲装、体育用品和卫生用品等，具有广阔的应用前景。
国外对聚乳酸纤维的研究较早，尤其美国和日本，其生产技术及研究走在世界的前列。钟纺公司最早采用熔融纺丝法商业化生产聚乳酸纤维；尤尼吉卡公司则使用那个美国Cargill Dow公司的聚乳酸，通过熔融纺丝技术，成功开发了聚乳酸纤维及非织造布。
国内生产聚乳酸纤维，主要是靠采购国外大公司生产的聚乳酸纤维切片，且生产的聚乳酸纤维在抗氧化分解及耐磨性等方面都有待提高。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种熔体直纺三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的生产方法。为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：
一种熔体直纺三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的生产方法，步骤如下：
(1)单体缩聚：采用左旋乳酸进行聚合反应，反应结束后除杂，获得聚乳酸；
(2)熔体输送：将步骤1)获得的聚乳酸、聚乙二醇及草酸改性的的聚烯烃混合输送至纺丝组件；
(3)纺丝：纺丝箱体温度为235℃，纺丝速度为1550m/min;
(4)卷绕，拉伸：拉伸时油浴温度为66℃，采用三组拉伸辊进行两级拉伸，拉伸倍数为3.2倍；
(5)定型：采用热定型，温度为150℃；
(6)卷曲：卷曲板压力为30N，卷曲温度为108℃，卷曲度为18%；
(7)切断：将聚乳酸纤维切成规定的的长度50mm；
获得的三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的纤度为为1.8dtex，强度为5.0cN/dtex，断裂伸长为50%。
本发明的有益效果：一、纺成三叶型聚乳酸，经过实验，三叶型有助于提高聚乳酸的耐磨性能；二、聚乳酸中添加适量聚乙二醇有助于帮助聚乳酸快速结晶；聚乳酸中添加适量草酸改性的聚烯烃有助于提高三叶型聚乳酸纤维的柔软性和强韧性；三、通过大量实验，上述拉伸定型和卷曲过程中的各个参数能够提高三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的抗氧化分解性能。
具体实施方式
一种熔体直纺三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的生产方法，步骤如下：
(8)单体缩聚：采用左旋乳酸进行聚合反应，反应结束后除杂，获得聚乳酸；
(9)熔体输送：将步骤1)获得的聚乳酸、聚乙二醇及草酸改性的聚烯烃混合输送至纺丝组件；
(10)纺丝：纺丝箱体温度为235℃，纺丝速度为1550m/min;
(11)卷绕，拉伸：拉伸时油浴温度为66℃，采用三组拉伸辊进行两级拉伸，拉伸倍数为3.2倍；
(12)定型：采用热定型，温度为150℃；
(13)卷曲：卷曲板压力为30N，卷曲温度为108℃，卷曲度为18%；
(14)切断：将聚乳酸纤维切成规定的长度50mm；
获得的三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的纤度为1.8dtex，强度为5.0cN/dtex，断裂伸长为50%。
虽然本发明实施例披露如上，然其并非用以限定本发明，任何所属技术领域的技术人员，在不脱离本精神和范围内，可以作些许改进，均属于本发明范围之内。

Claims (1)

1.一种熔体直纺三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的生产方法，步骤如下：
(1)单体缩聚：采用左旋乳酸进行聚合反应，反应结束后除杂，获得聚乳酸；
(2)熔体输送：将步骤1)获得的聚乳酸、聚乙二醇及草酸改性的的聚烯烃混合输送至纺丝组件；
(3)纺丝：纺丝箱体温度为235℃，纺丝速度为1550m/min;
(4)卷绕，拉伸：拉伸时油浴温度为66℃，采用三组拉伸辊进行两级拉伸，拉伸倍数为3.2倍；
(5)定型：采用热定型，温度为150℃；
(6)卷曲：卷曲板压力为30N，卷曲温度为108℃，卷曲度为18%；
(7)切断：将聚乳酸纤维切成规定的长度50 mm；
获得的三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的纤度为1.8dtex，强度为5.0cN/dtex，断裂伸长为50%。
CN201510984615.7A 2015-12-25 2015-12-25 一种熔体直纺三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的生产方法 Active CN105420838B (zh)

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CN105420838B (zh) * 2015-12-25 2017-02-22 江苏中石纤维股份有限公司 一种熔体直纺三叶型聚乳酸短纤维的生产方法
CN109023564B (zh) * 2018-09-14 2023-05-23 安徽丰原生物纤维股份有限公司 一种聚乳酸有色短纤维的制备方法
CN111501117B (zh) * 2020-05-20 2021-04-27 吉林中粮生化有限公司 Pla/pha纤维以及在线制备pla/pha纤维的装置和方法
CN114481437A (zh) * 2022-01-17 2022-05-13 润益（嘉兴）新材料有限公司 一种聚乳酸纤维和蚕丝直立绵絮片及其制备方法
CN118007267A (zh) * 2024-04-08 2024-05-10 江苏中石纤维股份有限公司 一种耐磨强韧三叶型聚乳酸纤维及其制备方法

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