JP2011509174A - 中空繊維膜、その製造方法、及びその使用 - Google Patents
中空繊維膜、その製造方法、及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011509174A JP2011509174A JP2010541033A JP2010541033A JP2011509174A JP 2011509174 A JP2011509174 A JP 2011509174A JP 2010541033 A JP2010541033 A JP 2010541033A JP 2010541033 A JP2010541033 A JP 2010541033A JP 2011509174 A JP2011509174 A JP 2011509174A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LBCCPKFTHIBIKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aethyl-propyl-glyoxal Natural products CCCC(=O)C(=O)CC LBCCPKFTHIBIKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- MWVFCEVNXHTDNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-2,3-dione Chemical group CCCC(=O)C(C)=O MWVFCEVNXHTDNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006316 polyvinylpyrrolidine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical class CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002441 uremic toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
- B01D69/087—Details relating to the spinning process
- B01D69/088—Co-extrusion; Co-spinning
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
- B01D63/031—Two or more types of hollow fibres within one bundle or within one potting or tube-sheet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
- B01D69/081—Hollow fibre membranes characterised by the fibre diameter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
- B01D69/087—Details relating to the spinning process
- B01D69/0871—Fibre guidance after spinning through the manufacturing apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/1212—Coextruded layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/08—Polysaccharides
- B01D71/10—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/08—Polysaccharides
- B01D71/12—Cellulose derivatives
- B01D71/14—Esters of organic acids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/08—Polysaccharides
- B01D71/12—Cellulose derivatives
- B01D71/22—Cellulose ethers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/06—Specific viscosities of materials involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/12—Specific ratios of components used
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/919—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling using a bath, e.g. extruding into an open bath to coagulate or cool the material
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】図2
Description
a)2つの紡績剤溶液A及びBを提供する工程、ここで、溶液Aがエステル化セルロースの溶液であり、溶液Bがポリビニールピロリドン(PVP)、ポリエーテルスルホン(PES)、ポリエチレンイミド(PEI)、ポリアミド(PA)、ポリカーボネート(PC)、ポリスチレン(PS)、ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)、フッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)、ポリアクリロニトリル(PAN)、ポリイミド(PI)、ポリスルホン(PSU)、及び/又は、ポリウレタン(PU)、及びこれらの混合物を含む群から選択されるポリマーを含む溶液であり、
b)凝結槽の温度を40〜95℃に設定する工程、
c)中空繊維紡糸口金によって、内部凝結剤と溶液A及びBとを接触させる工程、
d)溶液A及びB中で溶解した物質から構成される押出材を凝固させ、凝結させる工程、を含む中空繊維膜の製造方法によって達成される。
本発明の中空繊維は、いわゆる位相反転プロセスによって製造される。
初めに、2つの紡績剤溶液A及びBを作製する。第1の紡績剤溶液Aは、中空繊維膜の中空側選択層の材料を含み、第2の紡績剤溶液Bは、支持層の材料を含む。
本発明の膜における必須の物理的なパラメーターの測定
さらに膜を特徴付けるために、純粋なガスを用いて浸透テストを実施した。このために、約1barのガスで中空繊維の中空側に過剰の圧力をかけ、膜上のガスの流量を測定した。結果は、下記の表に示す。
Claims (26)
- 支持層と選択層を含む同時押出材から構成されることを特徴とする支持された中空繊維膜。
- 選択層が尿素選択性であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の中空繊維膜。
- 選択層の厚みが100nm〜5μmであることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の中空繊維膜。
- 選択層がエステル化セルロースから構成されていることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の中空繊維膜。
- エステル化セルロースがアセチルセルロースであることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の中空繊維膜。
- アセチルセルロースのアシル化度が0.5〜3であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の中空繊維膜。
- 選択層が一日当り10〜80g/m2の尿素透過性を有することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の中空繊維膜。
- 選択層が無細孔であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の中空繊維膜。
- 支持層の材料がポリビニールピロリドン(PVP),ポリエーテルスルホン(PES),ポリエーテルイミド(PEI),ポリアミド(PA),ポリカーボネート(PC),ポリスチレン(PS),ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA),フッ化ビニリデン(PVDF),ポリアクリロニトリル(PAN),ポリイミド(PI),ポリスルホン(PSU)、及び/又は、ポリウレタン(PU)、及びこれらの混合物から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至8の何れか1項に記載の中空繊維膜。
- 支持層の材料がポリスルホン(PSU),ポリビニールピロリドン(PVP)及びこれらの混合物から選択されることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の中空繊維膜。
- 支持層の厚みが20〜50μm、好ましくは30〜40μmであることを特徴とする請求項9又は10に記載の中空繊維膜。
- 中空繊維膜は、内径が20μm〜1mmであることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の中空繊維膜。
- 全壁厚みが20〜100μmであることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の中空繊維膜。
- 請求項1乃至13の何れか1項に記載の中空繊維膜を製造する方法であって、以下の工程、
a)2つの紡績剤溶液A及びBを提供する工程、ここで、溶液Aがエステル化セルロースの溶液であり、溶液Bがポリビニールピロリドン(PVP)、ポリエーテルスルホン(PES)、ポリエチレンイミド(PEI)、ポリアミド(PA)、ポリカーボネート(PC)、ポリスチレン(PS)、ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)、フッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)、ポリアクリロニトリル(PAN)、ポリイミド(PI)、ポリスルホン(PSU)、及び/又は、ポリウレタン(PU)、及びこれらの混合物を含む群から選択されるポリマーを含む溶液であり、
b)凝結槽の温度を40〜95℃に設定する工程、
c)中空繊維紡糸口金によって、内部凝結剤と溶液A及びBとを接触させる工程、
d)溶液A及びB中で溶解した物質から構成される押出材を凝固させ、凝結させる工程、
を備えることを特徴とする方法。 - 紡績剤溶液Aの粘度が10000〜17000mPa・sであることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の方法。
- 紡績剤溶液Aが25〜40wt%のセルロースジアセテートをジメチルアセトアミド中に含んでいることを特徴とする請求項15に記載の方法。
- 紡績剤溶液Aの粘度が7000〜13000mPa・sであることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の方法。
- 紡績剤溶液Bが15〜35%、好ましくは4〜8%のポリビニールピロリドンをジメチルアセトアミドの他に含んでいることを特徴とする請求項17に記載の方法。
- 凝結剤として水を使用することを特徴とする請求項14乃至18の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 紡績速度が200〜400mm/sであることを特徴とする請求項19に記載の方法。
- 紡績ブロックの温度を5〜90℃に設定することを特徴とする請求項19に記載の方法。
- 請求項14乃至21の何れか1項に記載の方法によって製造されることを特徴とする中空繊維膜。
- 請求項1乃至13及び22の何れか1項に記載された中空繊維膜を複数用いて構成されていることを特徴とする膜フィルタ。
- ナノ濾過及び限外濾過における分離プロセスのために請求項23に記載の膜フィルタを使用することを特徴とする膜フィルタの使用。
- 透析処置のために膜フィルタを使用することを特徴とする請求項24に記載の膜フィルタの使用。
- 使用済みの透析物質を再生するために膜フィルタを使用することを特徴とする請求項24に記載の膜フィルタの使用。
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PCT/EP2008/011149 WO2009083260A1 (de) | 2008-01-03 | 2008-12-30 | Hohlfasermembran |
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EP (1) | EP2242563B1 (ja) |
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DE (1) | DE102008003090A1 (ja) |
EA (1) | EA021937B1 (ja) |
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US8784664B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 |
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