JP2011506043A - 動的骨固定要素及びその使用方法 - Google Patents
動的骨固定要素及びその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2011506043A JP2011506043A JP2010539636A JP2010539636A JP2011506043A JP 2011506043 A JP2011506043 A JP 2011506043A JP 2010539636 A JP2010539636 A JP 2010539636A JP 2010539636 A JP2010539636 A JP 2010539636A JP 2011506043 A JP2011506043 A JP 2011506043A
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- bone
- dynamic
- lumen
- shaft portion
- load support
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/8875—Screwdrivers, spanners or wrenches
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/8875—Screwdrivers, spanners or wrenches
- A61B17/8877—Screwdrivers, spanners or wrenches characterised by the cross-section of the driver bit
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/70—Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
- A61B17/7001—Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
- A61B17/7032—Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
- A61B17/7034—Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass characterised by a lateral opening
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/00831—Material properties
- A61B2017/00867—Material properties shape memory effect
Abstract
Description
本発明は、動的骨固定要素及びその使用方法に関する。
概して言えば、人間の骨Bは、硬質で薄い皮質性の外側部分が、軟質で海綿状の内側部分を取り囲み、横断面にて見たとき、人間の骨Bは、第1の層の皮質骨と、中間層の海綿状の骨と、第2の層の皮質骨とを具備している。堅固な固定は、一般的に、1又は複数の骨ねじを、骨Bに形成された骨折Fのいずれかの側に固定することを具備する。使用に際しては、骨折した骨Bに生じる応力によって、骨B及びプレート12の屈曲が引き起こされ、これがため、第2の層の皮質骨(例えば、プレート12から最も離れた皮質骨の層)には圧縮が生じる。標準的な骨ねじ5においては、プレート12について、実質的に動きがゼロであり、というのは、プレート12が堅すぎて、第1の層の皮質骨(例えば、プレート12に最も近い皮質骨の層)の内部に動きを許容するような態様で圧縮されることができず、そして、概して言えば、臨床的には、第1の層の皮質骨に仮骨の形成が見られない。しかしながら、動的骨固定要素10,10’,10”を組み込むことで、第1の層の皮質骨(例えば、プレート12に最も近い皮質骨の層)が移動でき、従って、第1及び第2の層の皮質骨の両方において、仮骨の形成が促進される。すなわち、動的骨固定要素10,10’,10”を組み込むことで、骨片Bの互いに対する平行な動きが可能になり、これがため、両方の層の皮質骨に微細運動が生じ、従って、第1及び第2の層の皮質骨の両方において仮骨の形成が促進される。
図12を参照すると、第4の好ましい実施形態における動的骨固定要素100は、一体的に形成された動的骨固定要素の形態になっている。すなわち、荷重支持体係合要素140は、骨係合要素120と一体的に形成され、軸部分150は、荷重支持体係合要素140及び骨係合要素120と一体的に形成されている。第4の好ましい実施形態による動的骨固定要素100は、動的骨固定要素100に形成された管腔128を介して、可撓性を達成する。すなわち、軸部分150のサイズ及び構造と、骨係合要素120に形成された管腔128とに起因して、頭部部分142は、骨係合要素120に対して可撓及び/又は移動することができる。
骨係合要素 骨係合要素 総合変位 軸部分の 有効可撓
の外径(d) の長さ(l) (c) 外径(d1) 長さ(lf)
3.50 mm 26.00 mm +/-0.20 mm 2.00 mm 17.00 mm
5.00 mm 34.00 mm +/-0.30 mm 3.00 mm 25.00 mm
6.20 mm 36.00 mm +/-0.50 mm 3.40 mm 23.00 mm
6.20 mm 46.00 mm +/-0.50 mm 3.40 mm 30.00 mm
茎状ねじ固定クランプは、関節又は骨棘などの骨構造が、ロッドを茎状ねじに直接固定することを妨げる場合に、しばしば使用される。その結果、そのような障害物を迂回するために、固定クランプが使用される。これらの場合、例えば、ダンパーの組み込みを介して、固定クランプに弾性を提供するのが有利である。例えば、ダンパーは、PCU、シリコーン、ゴムなど、弾性要素又はポリマー要素の形態である。変形例としては、ダンパーは、平坦ばね、円板ばね、蛇行形状平坦ばねなどのばねの形態でも良い。
Claims (23)
- 患者の骨又は骨片に荷重支持体を結合する動的骨固定要素であって、この動的骨固定要素が、
骨係合要素であって、骨又は骨片に係合し、骨係合要素は、近位端と、遠位端と、骨係合要素の近位端から少なくとも部分的に延びている管腔と、を備え、管腔は内面を形成している、上記骨係合要素と、
荷重支持体係合要素であって、荷重支持体に係合する頭部部分と、頭部部分から延在している軸部分とを具備し、軸部分は、近位端と、遠位側と、外面とを有し、軸部分は、骨係合要素に形成された管腔の中へ少なくとも部分的に延びるようなサイズ及び構造になっている、上記荷重支持体係合要素と、を備え、
軸部分における少なくとも一部分は直径Dsを有し、管腔の少なくとも一部分は直径DLを有し、直径DLは、直径Dsに比べて大きくなっており、軸部分の外面における少なくとも一部分は、管腔の内面における少なくとも一部分から間隔を隔てており、
軸部分の遠位端は、骨係合要素の近位端における遠位側の位置にて、管腔に結合され、頭部部分は、骨係合要素に対して動く、ことを特徴とする動的骨固定要素。 - 管腔の内面には、角度θのテーパが付けられ、管腔の近位端における直径DLは、管腔の近位端における遠位側位置の直径DLに比べて大きくなっていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- 管腔のテーパ角度θは、約10度未満であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- 軸部分は、頭部部分と一体的に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- 軸部分は、骨係合要素の遠位端に近い位置にて、管腔の内部において、骨係合要素に結合されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- 軸部分は、圧入結合により管腔の内部において、骨係合要素に結合されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- 軸部分における遠位端は、管腔の直径DLに比べて大きい直径を有していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- 軸部分は、1又は複数のテクスチャ付き表面を形成されて具備していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- テクスチャ付き表面は、軸部分が管腔の中に挿入されると、弾性的に変形し、その後、より大きい元のサイズに復帰し、テクスチャ付き表面は、管腔の内面に対して押圧して、軸部分の外面と管腔の内面との間の接触圧力を増加させることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- テクスチャ付き表面は、軸部分の一部に形成された、複数の半径方向に延びる隆起部であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- テクスチャ付き表面は、軸部分の一部に形成された、複数の長手方向に延びる隆起部であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- テクスチャ付き表面は、軸部分の一部に形成された、複数の半径方向に延びる隆起部と複数の長手方向に延びる隆起部とであることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- 軸部分の遠位端は、管腔の内面に結合されていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- 骨係合要素は、骨又は骨片に係合するために、複数のねじをその外面に形成されて具備し、軸部分の外面は、骨係合要素の外面に形成された中間的な隣接するねじの溶接によって、管腔の内面に溶接されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- 頭部部分は、駆動要素を具備し、駆動ツールに形成された先端部に係合し、頭部部分は、複数の貫通孔を具備し、駆動ツールの先端部に形成された複数のピンを受入れ、ピンのサイズ及び構造は、荷重支持体係合要素の頭部部分に延通し骨係合要素と接触するようになっており、複数のピンは、荷重支持体係合要素と骨係合要素との両方に接触し、駆動ツールを回転させると、同時に、荷重支持体係合要素と骨係合要素との両方が回転することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- 頭部部分は、駆動要素を具備し、駆動ツールに形成された先端部に係合し、頭部部分は、1又は複数の突起部を延在させて具備し、骨係合要素は、1又は複数の凹部を形成されて具備し、突起部が凹部に延入し、駆動ツールを回転させると、同時に、荷重支持体係合要素と骨係合要素との両方が回転することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- 骨係合要素は、TAV及びTANからなるグループから選択された、生物学的適合性の金属から作られ、荷重支持体係合要素は、コバルトクロムから作られることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動的骨固定要素。
- 荷重支持体を骨折にわたって内部的に固定するための方法であって、この方法が、
(a)複数の動的骨固定要素を提供する段階と、
(b)切開を作る段階と、
(c)2以上の動的骨固定要素を介して、骨折のいずれかの側から患者の骨に荷重支持体を結合させる段階であって、動的骨固定要素は、骨折を横切って骨が平行運動するのを可能にする、上記結合させる段階と、
(d)切開を閉じる段階であって、荷重支持体と、複数の動的骨固定要素とが患者の体内に残される、上記段階と、
を備えていることを特徴とする方法。 - 複数の動的骨固定要素のそれぞれは、荷重支持体に係合するために、骨及び荷重支持体係合要素に係合する骨係合要素を具備し、荷重支持体係合要素は、骨係合要素に関連して可動であり、骨係合要素に対して荷重支持体係合要素が動くことで、骨折を横切る骨の平行な運動を可能にしていることを特徴とする請求項18に記載の方法。
- 骨係合要素は、さらに、骨係合要素の近位端から少なくとも部分的に延びる管腔を備え、管腔は、内面を形成し、及び、荷重支持体係合要素は、さらに、荷重支持体と、頭部部分から延びた軸部分とに係合するための頭部部分を備え、軸部分は、近位端と、遠位端と、外面とを有し、軸部分のサイズ及び構造は、骨係合要素に形成された管腔の中に少なくとも部分的に延入するようになっており、軸部分の外面の少なくとも一部分は、管腔の内面の少なくとも一部分から間隔を隔てており、頭部部分が骨係合要素に対して動けるようにしていることを特徴とする請求項19に記載の方法。
- 骨係合要素に対する荷重支持体係合要素の動きは、荷重支持体係合要素を強制的に略“S”字形の形態に適応させることを特徴とする請求項19に記載の方法。
- 方法がさらに、骨折Fの片側又は両側に、1又は複数の標準的な骨ねじを挿入する段階を備え、初期の時間期間について、骨の動きが防止されることを特徴とする請求項18に記載の方法。
- 方法がさらに、初期の時間期間の後に、患者の骨から標準的な骨ねじを取り外す段階を備え、骨の動きが可能にされることを特徴とする請求項22に記載の方法。
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- 2008-12-11 JP JP2010539636A patent/JP5468014B2/ja active Active
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- 2008-12-11 CN CN201410380989.3A patent/CN104224292B/zh active Active
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US10751101B2 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2020-08-25 | Biedermann Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dynamic bone anchor and method of manufacturing the same |
US11123124B2 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2021-09-21 | Biedermann Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dynamic bone anchor and method of manufacturing the same |
JP2015061596A (ja) * | 2013-09-02 | 2015-04-02 | アエスキュラップ アーゲー | 骨ねじ、インプラント・プレート、およびそれらのシステム |
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CA2708808A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
AU2008338673A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
US20120109213A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
WO2009079329A2 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
PL2476386T3 (pl) | 2013-11-29 |
EP2231043A2 (en) | 2010-09-29 |
US20140207195A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
ES2424040T3 (es) | 2013-09-26 |
US20160317204A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
CN104224292A (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
US8690931B2 (en) | 2014-04-08 |
EP2476386B1 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
US9414875B2 (en) | 2016-08-16 |
EP2476386A1 (en) | 2012-07-18 |
CN104224292B (zh) | 2017-04-12 |
US20090157123A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
US9763712B2 (en) | 2017-09-19 |
US8114141B2 (en) | 2012-02-14 |
KR101570213B1 (ko) | 2015-11-18 |
CN102137627A (zh) | 2011-07-27 |
KR20100108339A (ko) | 2010-10-06 |
JP5468014B2 (ja) | 2014-04-09 |
WO2009079329A3 (en) | 2009-08-06 |
EP2231043B1 (en) | 2014-06-04 |
CN102137627B (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
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