JP2011501007A - 機械的振動を用いてダボを固定する方法および装置 - Google Patents
機械的振動を用いてダボを固定する方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011501007A JP2011501007A JP2010530240A JP2010530240A JP2011501007A JP 2011501007 A JP2011501007 A JP 2011501007A JP 2010530240 A JP2010530240 A JP 2010530240A JP 2010530240 A JP2010530240 A JP 2010530240A JP 2011501007 A JP2011501007 A JP 2011501007A
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Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は建造の分野、特に建築業、木造、家具業および機械的構造物の分野にあり、構造材を含む構造物に固定要素(たとえばダボ)を固定する方法に関する。本発明はさらに対応する装置に関する。
機械的振動を用いて、繊維状または多孔性の構造部材にある開口に接続要素を固定する方法は、たとえばWO 98/00109, WO 00/79137 および WO 2006/002569の公報や、たとえば国際特許出願PCT/CH 2007/000460から既知である。これらの方法によれば、接続要素が物体の予め開けられた開口内に配置され、または直接的な力によって物体の表面に押され、それにより開口を形成する。開口の軸方向に力が接続要素に作用する間、その要素は機械的振動によって励起される。接続要素は少なくとも一方の表面に熱可塑性材を含み、これがプロシージャの際に物体の材料と接触する。機械的振動のエネルギは、機械的振動によって所定の固定点の領域にある熱可塑性材を液化するよう設定され、開口の壁と接続要素との間の固定点で生じる圧力によって熱可塑性材を物体の孔または表面構造体に押込み、巨視的固定を形成する。
本発明の目的は、固定要素を固定する改良された方法を提供することである。ここで用いられる「固定要素」の用語は、固定するのに適し、かつ固定の後、固定体を形成するまたは固定体の一部をなすものを指す。このような固定体は接続要素、たとえばダボ、リベット、釘や物体に直接固定される他の部分を含むが、これらには限定されない。この意味において、固定体はさらなる部分を構造物体に接続するのに適する、またはそれ自体がたとえば装飾といった役割を果たすものを含む。
−表面の孔、
−表面の構造体(たとえばアンダーカットを有するリッジの配列)、
−圧力を受けた液体によって表面への浸透が可能になる、不均質な部分であって、液体によって充填される、表面より低い孔を形成し(木のような硬い材料に孔を形成することは、木の繊維間のように、接続の局所破損によって引き起こされ、コア材(分離材)などのようなより軟らかい材料に孔を形成することは、軟らかい材料の局部的変位および/または圧縮による)、さらに
−キャビティ、のいずれか1つを有する。
−第1の要素および第2の要素を設けるステップを備え、第1の要素は熱可塑性材を含み;
−第1の要素を前記表面および/または前記キャビティの近くに位置付け、第2の要素を第1の要素と接触するよう位置付けるステップと、
−ある力で第1の要素に荷重を与えながら第3の要素を振動させ、それにより第1の要素に機械的振動を与え、同時に第2の要素による反力で第1の要素に荷重を与えるステップと、
−機械的振動と荷重ロードとを共同で与えることにより、少なくとも1つの界面で熱可塑性材の少なくとも一部を液化し、それにより液化材を作成するステップを備え、前記少なくとも1つの界面は、第1の要素と第3の要素との間の界面、第1の要素と第2の要素との間の界面、および第1の要素の部分間の界面の少なくとも1つであり、
−第2および第3の要素からの機械的振動および荷重を共同で与えることにより、第1の要素を圧縮させ、それにより液化材を孔および/または構造体および/またはキャビティの中に流すステップと、
−第1の要素が物体内に固定されるよう、液化材を再度凝固させるステップとを備える。
−広い範囲の直径内において少なくとも1個の突出部であって、その突出部は液化が望まれる界面にある。
−固定要素(および/または第2のおよび/または第3の要素)上に分布する不均質な材料。それにより、液化が望まれる界面に隣接する材料は、他の界面(たとえば、反対側の界面)に隣接する材料と比べて、より高い機械振動エネルギ吸収を有する。たとえば、固定要素は互いに付着する2つの部分を備え、第3の要素の界面に隣接する部分は、第2の要素の界面に隣接する部分よりも軟らかい(またはその逆)。別の例として、固定要素は、固定要素の長さなどに対して濃度勾配を有する軟化剤を含み得る。
−自動化のための適切性:第1、第2および第3の要素の所与のアセンブリについての必要なパラメータは既知であるので、必要な力は自動的に、抵抗力などについてのフィードバックがない装置でも、与えられる。構造物体の幾何学的な詳細は関係ない。構造物体の材料特性は、液化材料が孔の中に流れ込むために用いられる静水圧が材料特性に依存することについてのみ関連する。これは(容易に選択できる)材料に依存する力を与える可能性を提供することにより、またはある力および反力は比較的硬い構造の相互浸透に対して十分であることを確実にすることによって、対応できる。
−熱可塑性材を含み、かつ第1および第2の結合面を含む固定要素、
−対抗要素結合面を有する対抗要素、
−第3の要素であって、第3の要素は機械的振動の発生器に結合するよう、かつ機械振動を第3の要素の外部結合面に伝搬するよう適しており、
固定要素、対抗要素、および第3の要素は、以下のために組立てられるよう適合されている:
−第3の要素の外部結合面は第1の結合面に当接し、
−対抗要素の結合面は第2の結合面に当接し、
−等しい大きさであって反対方向の力および反力で、それぞれ第3の要素および対抗要素に荷重を与えることにより、圧縮力を固定要素に与えることができ、
−力および反力の方向は、その力および反力によって規定される軸に対して、第3の要素との界面に近くで、固定要素の横側の最も外の面が熱可塑性材によって形成される。
図1aの第1の要素(固定要素1)はスリーブシャフト7を有する、熱可塑性材のスリーブによって形成される。固定要素1の端面は第1の結合面1.11および第2の結合面1.12を規定する。
−ソノトロード3を振動生成装置32にしっかりと結合する。対応する結合手段33は図4において概略的に示される。
−ベース31要素をソノトロード3の後ろ端部(先端)に結合する。これがベース要素31材の局所的または完全な溶融によって行なわれるのなら、ベース要素31(またはベース要素材)はこの間、適切な手段によって保持し得る。このような手段はベース要素の型として形成できるので、ベース要素は予め製造する必要はなく、液体熱可塑性材を型に入れて成形することによって製造することができる。代替的に、ベース要素を予め製造して、ソノトロードは振動の際その中に押込まれてもよい。
−第2の要素(対抗要素)2は金属である必要はなく、固定要素1自体のガラス遷移温度よりも十分高いガラス遷移温度を有するたとえば熱可塑性材のようなプラスチック、または熱硬化材からなり得る。
図18は固定要素1および対抗要素2の配置を示す断面図である。図3に示される実施例と異なり、固定要素1を通して達する対抗要素の部分は、固定要素の周囲に配置される。図示される実施例では、固定要素の長さに沿って側面に案内される2本のロッド2.4を含む。このような構成、および固定要素の中心からではなく、外周から保持される対抗要素の他の構成は、図3の実施例に比べて、対抗要素およびソノトロード/振動発生装置を扱うのに有利であり得る。
Claims (25)
- 構造物体に要素を固定する方法であって、物体の表面は、孔または構造体を有し、および/または表面の孔は静水圧下の液体によって形成可能であり、および/または中にキャビティが規定され、前記方法は
第1の要素および第2の要素を設けるステップを備え、第1の要素は熱可塑性材を含み、
第1の要素を前記表面および/または前記キャビティの近辺に位置付け、第2の要素を第1の要素と接触するよう位置付けるステップと、
ある力で第1の要素に荷重を与えながら第3の要素を振動させ、それにより第1の要素に機械的振動を与え、同時に第2の要素による反力で第1の要素に荷重を与えるステップと、
機械的振動および荷重を共同で与えることにより、熱可塑性材の少なくとも一部を液化し、それにより液化材を形成するステップと、
第2の要素および第3の要素からの機械的振動および荷重を共同で与えることにより、第1の要素を圧縮させ、それにより液化材を孔および/または構造体および/またはキャビティに流れさせるステップと、
第1の要素が物体に固定されるよう、液化材を再凝固させるステップとを含む方法。 - 第1の要素の液化材によって、第2の要素を固定させるステップをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 第1の要素の液化材によって第2の要素を固定させるステップは、第2の要素を第1の要素に溶接させることを含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 第3の要素を第1の要素の液化材によって固定させるステップをさらに備える、前掲の請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 第3の要素を第1の要素の液化材によって固定させるステップは、第3の要素を第1の要素に溶接させることを含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 液化材を孔および/または構造体および/またはキャビティに流れさせるステップは、ある力および反力の共同作用により、液化材を静水圧下におき、それにより液化材を既存の孔および/または構造体に押込む、および/または静水圧下の液化材を表面の不均質な部分に浸透させて、それにより液化材によって充填される孔を形成する、前掲の請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ある力および前記反力は大きさが等しく、反対方向に向かう、前掲の請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 第3の要素の力は引張力である、前掲の請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ある力は、軸と軸に沿った前側とを規定し、前側から第3の要素が本方法を実施するユーザまたは装置にとってアクセス可能であり、さらに反対の後ろ側を規定し、第1の要素は、第3の要素の面を第1の要素の後ろ結合面に押すことにより、力の荷重が与えられ、第1の要素は、第2の要素を第1の要素の前部結合面に押すことにより、反力の荷重が与えられる、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 第3の要素は一体的なものであり、固定の後、所定位置に留まり、構造物体に固定される、請求項8または9に記載の方法。
- 第3の要素は、第1の材料のシャフトと、第1の材料と異なる第2の材料のベース要素とを含み、本方法は、液化材が流れている間、および/または液化材が孔および/または構造体および/またはキャビティ内に流れ込んだ後、シャフトをベース要素から分離するステップを備え、ベース要素は固定の後、所定位置に留まり、構造物体に固定される、請求項8または9に記載の方法。
- 第1の要素は軸方向の貫通孔を含み、第3の要素はシャフトを含み、本方法は、第3の要素を振動させるステップの前に、シャフトを軸方向の貫通孔に挿入するステップを備える、請求項8から11のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 第2の要素は、複数の孔を有するスリーブおよびレセプタクル口によって形成されるレセプティカルであり、第1の要素はレセプティカル内に配置され、第3の要素によって接触するための第1の結合面は、レセプティカル口を通してアクセス可能である、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 第2の要素は、口に隣接して形成される、スリーブのフランジを含み、反力を与えるステップは、フランジを物体の前部面に対して支えられるようにすることを含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 熱可塑性材の少なくとも一部を液化するステップは、第1の要素と第3の要素との間の界面で液化プロセスを開始することを含む、前掲の請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ある力および反力は、前記表面に対して機械的荷重がないまま保持するよう与えられる、前掲の請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ある力および反力は、ばね機構、油圧機構、または空気圧機構のような自動化機構によって与えられる、前掲の請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 熱可塑性材の少なくとも一部を液化するステップは、少なくとも1つの界面において熱可塑性材の少なくとも一部を液化することを含み、前記少なくとも1つの界面は、第1の要素と第3の要素との間の界面、第1の要素と第2の要素との間の界面、および第1の要素の部分間の界面の少なくとも1つである、前掲の請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 熱可塑性材の少なくとも一部を液化する前記ステップで液化される材料は、液化される前は、構造物体のどの表面とも接触しない、前掲の請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 構造材物体に固定体をもたらすための装置であって、好ましくは前掲の請求項のいずれか1項に従う方法を実施するために設計され、装置は:
熱可塑性材を含み、かつ第1および第2の結合面を含む固定要素と、
対抗要素結合面を含む対抗要素と、
第3の要素とを備え、第3の要素は機械的振動の発生器に結合するよう、かつ機械振動を第3の要素の外部結合面に伝搬するよう適し、
固定要素、対抗要素、および第3の要素は以下のために組立てられるよう適合されている:
第3の要素の外部結合面は第1の結合面に当接し、
対抗要素結合面は第2の結合面に当接し、
等しい大きさであって反対方向の力および反力で、それぞれ第3の要素および対抗要素に荷重を与えることにより、圧縮力を固定要素に与えることができ、
力および反力の方向は、その力および反力によって規定される軸に対して、第3の要素との界面近くにおいて、固定要素の横側の最も外の表面が熱可塑性材によって形成される、装置。 - 振動発生器をさらに備える、請求項20に記載の装置。
- 固定要素は熱可塑性材からなる、請求項21または22に記載の装置。
- 力および反力を同時に与えるための自動化機構をさらに備える、請求項20から22のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
- 自動化機構はばね要素を含む、請求項23に記載の装置。
- 固定要素は、最初は分離されている、または最初は弱く結合されている部分を複数含む、請求項項20から24のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
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- 2008-10-22 CN CN200880122876.6A patent/CN101909860B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-10-22 CN CN201510487770.8A patent/CN105216304B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2008-10-22 WO PCT/CH2008/000441 patent/WO2009052644A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-10-22 ES ES08800485.8T patent/ES2439704T3/es active Active
- 2008-10-22 PL PL08800485T patent/PL2205429T3/pl unknown
- 2008-10-22 US US12/739,563 patent/US8518314B2/en active Active
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- 2013-07-19 US US13/945,991 patent/US9688019B2/en active Active
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Cited By (7)
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JP2015523245A (ja) * | 2012-06-14 | 2015-08-13 | ウッドウェルディング・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | 材料を補強および/または裏打ちするための方法および装置 |
JP2019521003A (ja) * | 2016-04-12 | 2019-07-25 | ウッドウェルディング・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | 物体同士に対する締結 |
US11077621B2 (en) | 2016-04-12 | 2021-08-03 | Woodwelding Ag | Fastening objects to each other |
US11453174B2 (en) | 2016-04-12 | 2022-09-27 | Woodwelding Ag | Fastening objects to each other |
JP2021524403A (ja) * | 2018-07-13 | 2021-09-13 | ウッドウェルディング・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | コネクタ要素の固定 |
US11904551B2 (en) | 2018-07-13 | 2024-02-20 | Woodwelding Ag | Anchoring of connector element |
JP7520383B2 (ja) | 2018-07-13 | 2024-07-23 | ウッドウェルディング・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | コネクタ要素の固定 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US9688019B2 (en) | 2017-06-27 |
CN101909860B (zh) | 2015-09-02 |
JP5496900B2 (ja) | 2014-05-21 |
US20130302086A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
ES2439704T3 (es) | 2014-01-24 |
CN105216304B (zh) | 2018-03-13 |
CN101909860A (zh) | 2010-12-08 |
US20110062617A1 (en) | 2011-03-17 |
EP2205429B1 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
EP2205429A1 (en) | 2010-07-14 |
WO2009052644A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
CN105216304A (zh) | 2016-01-06 |
PL2205429T3 (pl) | 2014-02-28 |
US8518314B2 (en) | 2013-08-27 |
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