JP2015523245A - 材料を補強および/または裏打ちするための方法および装置 - Google Patents
材料を補強および/または裏打ちするための方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015523245A JP2015523245A JP2015516396A JP2015516396A JP2015523245A JP 2015523245 A JP2015523245 A JP 2015523245A JP 2015516396 A JP2015516396 A JP 2015516396A JP 2015516396 A JP2015516396 A JP 2015516396A JP 2015523245 A JP2015523245 A JP 2015523245A
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- backing
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/302—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
- B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
- B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/30325—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/30326—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined in the form of porosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/304—Joining through openings in an intermediate part of the article
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/348—Avoiding melting or weakening of the zone directly next to the joint area, e.g. by cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/746—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/744
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/746—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/744
- B29C66/7463—Concrete
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/748—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/746
- B29C66/7486—Paper, e.g. cardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/748—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/746
- B29C66/7487—Wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/01—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening elements specially adapted for honeycomb panels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
- B29C65/0681—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding created by a tool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
- B29C65/081—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations having a component of vibration not perpendicular to the welding surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
- B29C65/1409—Visible light radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
- B29C65/1412—Infrared [IR] radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/1487—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of light guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
- B29C65/1609—Visible light radiation, e.g. by visible light lasers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
- B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
- B29C65/1674—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of laser diodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
- B29C65/1687—Laser beams making use of light guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3408—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising single particles, e.g. fillers or discontinuous fibre-reinforcements
- B29C65/3412—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising single particles, e.g. fillers or discontinuous fibre-reinforcements comprising fillers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
- B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
- B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7316—Surface properties
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/746—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/744
- B29C66/7461—Ceramics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
- B29C66/9512—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools by controlling their vibration frequency
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
- B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
- B29C66/9513—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration frequency values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
- B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
- B29C66/9516—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools by controlling their vibration amplitude
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、機械工学、材料科学、および建設、とりわけ、材料工学、建築産業、木造建設、家具産業、および機械建設の分野に属する。特定的に、本発明は、材料を裏打ちおよび/または補強するための方法および装置に関する。
ねじまたは他の接合要素が、たとえば、木材複合材(チップボード、削片板、配向性ストランドボードなど)、厚紙、コンクリート、煉瓦、石膏、石(砂岩など)、硬いカバー層とカバー層間の比較的軟らかい充填材とを含むサンドイッチ構造、または産業発泡体など、とりわけ多孔質材料である材料に固定される場合、不十分な材料安定性、または多孔質材料における不十分な固定の安定性が問題となることが多い。とりわけ、複合材料においては、接合要素にかかる負荷が、ごくわずかなチップ、小片、ストランド、または多孔壁に伝わり、接合要素と材料との接続の荷重支持能力、およびその長期にわたる安定性の両方に関して、悪影響がもたらされる。多孔質材料が、接合要素への荷重支持接続以外の目的、たとえば、このような材料への導電接続および/または伝熱接続を行うために裏打ちされる場合に、同様の問題が起こる。
本発明の目的は、多孔質固体の遷移をもたらすための方法および装置を提供することにある。
本文において、「多孔質材料」の用語は、概して、発泡体など、孔または人工/機械加工もしくは構造的に規定された空の(気体または液体のみで満たされている)空洞部を有する材料を言い得る。「多孔質」の用語は、さらに、第1の硬い構成部分と第1の構成部分の孔内における第2の軟らかい構成部分とを有し、局所的な圧力が多孔質材料に加わった場合に第2の構成部分が少なくとも部分的に孔から外に移動可能である、および/または孔内において圧縮可能である材料も言い得る。
−多孔質材料内に初期開口を設けるステップと、
−熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素ならびにツールを設けるステップと、
−補強および/または裏打ち要素を初期開口内に設置し、ツールを補強および/または裏打ち要素の端面と接触させて設置し、エネルギーがツールに結合されている間、ならびにツールと補強および/または裏打ち要素との液化界面の周囲が開口内にある間にツールを端面に対して押圧するステップと、
−これによって、補強および/または裏打ち要素の熱可塑性材料を液化界面において液化させ、液化した材料を得るステップと、
−液化した熱可塑性材料の部分を多孔質材料の構造内に入り込ませるステップと、
−液化した熱可塑性材料を硬化させて補強および/または裏打ち材料とするステップと、
−ツールを取り外すステップとを含み、
−以下の条件のうち少なくとも1つが満たされ、条件は、
a.少なくとも1つの軸方向の深さにおいて、補強および/または裏打ち要素は、周角の関数としてセグメント化され、この軸方向の深さにおいて、第1の領域において初期開口の周壁が補強および/または裏打ち要素と接触し、第2の領域において補強および/または裏打ち要素と接触しないこと、
b.得られた裏打ち開口の少なくとも1つの軸方向の深さにおいて、補強および/または裏打ち材料は、周角の関数としてセグメント化されること、
c.得られた裏打ち開口において、補強および/または裏打ち材料は、互いに軸方向に間隔を空けられた少なくとも2つの補強領域に設けられ、2つの補強領域の間には、補強されていない領域があること、
d.補強および/または裏打ち要素は、回転筒の対称を有さないが、任意の軸を中心とした回転に対して非対象であること、
e.ツールは、少なくとも1つの径方向に突出するブレードを含み、ブレードは、補強および/または裏打ち要素の外方の延長部を超えて突出し(また、初期開口の周壁を超えて多孔質材料内へ突出する場合もある)、特定の方位角への液化した熱可塑性材料の流れを制限する。
少なくとも1つの熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素を設けるステップと、
補強および/または裏打ち要素を多孔質材料と接触させて設置し、補強および/または裏打ち要素に機械エネルギーを加えて補強および/または裏打ち要素の少なくとも一部を液化させ、補強および/または裏打ち要素の液化した補強および/裏打ち材料部分を多孔質材料に入り込ませるステップと、
液化した補強および/または裏打ち材料部分を再固化させるステップと、
多孔質材料および再固化された補強および/または裏打ち材料の一部を除去するステップとを備え、これによって裏打ち開口が得られ、裏打ち開口は、再固化された補強および/または裏打ち材料を伴う多孔質材料の表面部分と、再固化された補強および/または裏打ち材料を伴わない多孔質材料の表面部分とを有する。
−多孔質材料内に初期開口を設けるステップと、
−熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素(たとえば、スリーブ壁を有するスリーブである)を設け、さらにツール(たとえば、ソノトロード)および補助要素を設けるステップと、
−補強および/または裏打ち要素を初期開口内に設置するステップとを含み、補強および/または裏打ち要素は、ツールもしくは補助要素のガイド部分を少なくとも部分的に包み、方法はさらに、
−補強および/または裏打ち要素の一部が開口内にあって多孔質材料と接触している間、押圧力およびエネルギーをツールへ結合するとともに、ツールから補強および/または裏打ち要素へ結合するステップと、
−これによって、補強および/または裏打ち要素の材料を液化させ、液化した材料を得るステップと、
−液化した材料の一部を多孔質材料の構造および/または多孔質材料に接続された要素の構造に入り込ませるステップと、
−液化した材料を硬化させて補強および/または裏打ち材料とするステップと、
−ツールを取り外すステップとを含み、
−以下の条件のうち少なくとも1つが満たされ、条件は、
A.押圧力およびエネルギーをツールに結合するステップにおいて、外側保護要素が少なくとも部分的にツールを包み、ツールが多孔質材料に接触することを局所的に防止すること、
B.補強および/または裏打ち要素は概してスリーブ形状を有し、スリーブ壁内に少なくとも1つの窪みまたは穴を含むこと、
C.押圧力およびエネルギーをツールに結合するステップにおいて、伸縮領域でツールの一部が補助要素の一部を包む、または補助要素の一部がツールを囲み、ツールおよび/または補助要素は、それぞれ補助要素/ツールに対向する少なくとも1つの突出部を含み、伸縮領域において突出部以外のツールと補助要素との間の接触が防止されること、
D.押圧力およびエネルギーをツールに結合するステップにおいて、ツールが遠位方向に向けて押され、ツールは、突出した形状を形成する遠位広がり部を含み、遠位広がり部は、突き出た形状の近位の位置においてツールと多孔質材料との間の接触を防止すること(すなわち、ツールの直径は、突き出た形状以外において、初期開口の直径と比較して減少している)、
E.押圧力およびエネルギーをツールに結合するステップの前に、補強および/または裏打ち要素は、軸方向のポジティブ・フィット接続によってツールに接続され、押圧力およびエネルギーをツールに結合するステップにおいて、補助要素が遠位方向に対して押圧され、補強および/または裏打ち要素の材料を液化させるステップを開始させるとともに、液化した材料の一部を外方および多孔質材料の構造内へ押す。
条件Bにおいて、補強および/または裏打ち要素は、概してスリーブ形状を有するが、計画的な弱まり部である窪みまたは穴などを有する。補強および/または裏打ち要素および/または補強される多孔質材料の寸法/形状特性の目的に適合された空間として配置され得るこれらの弱まり部により、補強および/または裏打ち材料は、より小さなエネルギー影響を用いて液化され得る。補強および/または裏打ち要素に加わる力の関数としての液化の開始は、既に低い力であり、液化に必要な力はより小さい。実施形態において、弱まり部は、径方向に対して傾斜した溝である。溝は、エネルギーが加わった時に液化が始まる補強および/または裏打ち要素における首部を規定する。首部(または他の弱い点)における液化の後、残りの部分は、溝によって規定された方向に沿ったせん断移動が起こり得る。実施形態において、溝は、ツールが溝を遠位方向に押圧した場合、より近位の部分が外方へ押圧されるようになっている。
−ツールまたはカウンタ要素を設けるステップを含み、ツールまたはカウンタ要素は、貫通先端および/または切削端を有する遠位端を含み、方法はさらに、
−熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素を設けるステップと、
−遠位端を有するツールまたはカウンタ要素を多孔質材料に接触させて設置し、ツールまたはカウンタ要素を多孔質材料に対して押圧してツールまたはカウンタ要素を多孔質材料に押し込むステップと、
−補強および/または裏打ち要素をツールまたはカウンタ要素の面に接触させて設置するステップとを含み、面は近位側に対向し、方法はさらに、
−エネルギーが補強および/または裏打ち要素に結合されている間、ツールまたはカウンタ要素を補強および/または裏打ち要素に対して近位方向に向けて保持するステップと、
−これによって、補強および/または裏打ち要素の材料を液化させ、液化した材料を得るステップと、
−液化した材料の一部を多孔質材料の構造に入り込ませるステップと、
−液化した材料を硬化させて補強および/または裏打ち材料とするステップと、
−ツールを取り外すステップとを含む。
−ツールを設けるステップを含み、ツールは貫通先端および/または切削端を有する遠位端を含み、方法はさらに、
−熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素を設けるステップと、
−遠位端を有するツールを多孔質材料に接触させて設置し、機械的エネルギーをツールに結合し、ツールを多孔質材料に対して押圧し、ツールを多孔質材料に押し込むステップと、
−補強および/または裏打ち要素をツールの面に接触させて設置するステップとを含み、面は近位側に対向し、方法はさらに、
−機械的エネルギーがツールに結合される間、およびツールならびに補強および/または裏打ち要素の液化界面の周囲が多孔質材料と接触(すなわち、隣接)する間に、補強および/または裏打ち要素に対して近位方向に向けてツールを引くステップと、
−これによって、補強および/または裏打ち要素の材料を液化界面において液化させ、液化した材料を得るステップと、
−液化した材料の一部を多孔質材料の構造に入り込ませるステップと、
−液化した材料を硬化させて補強および/または裏打ち材料とするステップと、
−ツールを取り外すステップとを含み得る。
−多孔質材料に初期開口を設けるステップと、
−熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素ならびにツールを設けるステップと、
−補強および/または裏打ち要素を初期開口に設置し、ツールを補強および/または裏打ち要素の面に接触させて設置し、エネルギーがツールに結合されている間、ならびにツールと補強および/または裏打ち要素との液化した界面の周囲が開口内にある間にツールを押し込むステップと、
−これによって、液化した界面において補強および/または裏打ち要素を液化させて液化した材料を得て、補強および/または裏打ち要素に対してツールを相対運動させ、液化した材料の一部を多孔質材料の構造内に入り込ませるステップと、
−液化した材料を硬化させて補強および/または裏打ち材料とするステップと、
−ツールを取り外すステップとを含み、
−液化した界面において、補強および/または裏打ち要素の断面のすべてが液化される。
局面1、2、4、および5のすべては、特に補強および/または裏打ちのための局面6に係る方法を使用することにより、局面6と組み合わせることができる。
さらなる代替例によれば、エネルギーは、装置部品のうちの1つの電気暖房によってシステムに供給され得る。
しかしながら、荷重支持容量が不要な適用において(すなわち、応力を伝達するために必要な容量が5MPa以下もしくは1MPa以下である)、熱可塑性材料は、実質的に軟らかくなり得る。特に、ツールと補強および/または裏打ち要素との間の界面において直接的に行われる液化により、要素自体に機械的エネルギーを伝達する必要はない。したがって、その処理時またはそれ以降において(それが使用される温度において、たとえば、室温で)比較的軟らかくなり得る。言い換えると、少なくとも0.5GPaの弾性係数の利点は、これらのシステムにおいて、適用されない、または少なくとも顕著ではない。
P=35%を用いた例示的な測定において、dm/dt=0.6およびhm/hs=0.9の値が得られ、F=0.667となった。40%の気孔率および1mmの浸透深さの場合、0.267mmの壁厚が得られる。また、壁厚は、浸透深さおよび気孔率の両方に比例し、この値を起点に他の壁厚を算出することができる。
−初期開口が貫通穴である場合、または初期開口のベース部分の材料が非常に弱く補強および/または裏打ち要素に対する圧力に耐えられない場合、たとえば遠位足部6が使用される。
さらに他の手法によれば、補強および/または裏打ち処理は、機械的振動を偏向するための対策と組み合わされる。第1の手法は、図21に概略的に示される。図21は、機械的振動を偏向するための装置101を描いており、装置101は、長形であって湾曲した振動要素102を含み、これにより、振動要素101は、結合点において横方向に発振するよう励起された場合に、脱結合点において横方向に発振する。結合点は、入力端子103(振動源に結合され得る)を含み、脱結合点には出力端子104が形成され、スリーブ状の端子104が設けられ、スリーブ状の端子104は、ソノトロード(またはその一部)として機能し得る、またはソノトロードに対する界面を規定し得る。処理時において補強および/または裏打ち要素をガイドする補助要素は、スリーブ状の端子104の中心においてガイドされ得る。出力端子104の領域において、装置101は、貫通穴(カニュレーション)も含み得て、この貫通穴を通って補助要素が貫通し、その近位側から保持され得る。図20の実施形態は、ソノトロードが遠位方向に対して押圧される作用力への反力の積極的な付加を容易にできない一方、このような積極的な反力は、十分な抵抗を付与するための強い力を多孔質材料が有する場合には必要ない。
−熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素およびツールを設ける。
−液化した材料を硬化させ、これによって補強および/または裏打ち材料とする。
これは、特にツールの外径(少なくとも液化界面の領域において、したがって、後方構成における遠位広がり部)が、初期開口の内径にほぼ対応する(たとえば、最大で10%、最大で5%、または最大で3%以下である)、および/または補強および/または裏打ち要素の外径にほぼ対応する(たとえば、対応する、または、最大で7%、最大で4%、または最大で2%大きいもしくは小さい)実施形態における場合である。
Claims (37)
- 多孔質材料を補強および/または裏打ちする方法であって、方法は、
−前記多孔質材料内に初期開口を設けるステップと、
−熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素ならびにツールを設けるステップと、
−前記補強および/または裏打ち要素を前記初期開口内に設置し、前記ツールを前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の面と接触させて設置し、エネルギーが前記ツールに結合されている間、ならびに前記ツールと前記補強および/または裏打ち要素との液化界面の周囲が開口内にある間に前記ツールを前記面に対して押圧するステップと、
−これによって、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の熱可塑性材料を液化させ、液化した材料を得るステップと、
−前記液化した熱可塑性材料の部分を前記多孔質材料の構造内に入り込ませるステップと、
−前記液化した熱可塑性材料を硬化させて補強および/または裏打ち材料とするステップと、
−前記ツールを取り外すステップとを備え、
−以下の条件のうち少なくとも1つが満たされ、条件は、
a.少なくとも1つの軸方向の深さにおいて、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は、周角の関数としてセグメント化され、この軸方向の深さにおいて、第1の領域において前記初期開口の前記周壁が前記補強および/または裏打ち要素と接触し、第2の領域において前記補強および/または裏打ち要素と接触しないこと、
b.得られた裏打ち開口の少なくとも1つの軸方向の深さにおいて、前記補強および/または裏打ち材料は、前記周角の関数としてセグメント化されること、
c.得られた裏打ち開口において、前記補強および/または裏打ち材料は、互いに軸方向に間隔を空けられた少なくとも2つの補強領域内に設けられ、前記2つの補強領域の間には補強されていない領域があること、
d.前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は、回転筒の対称を有さないが、任意の軸を中心とした回転に対して非対称であること、
e.前記ツールは、少なくとも1つの径方向に突出するブレードを含み、前記ブレードは、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の外方の延長部を超えて突出し、特定の方位角への前記液化した熱可塑性材料の流れを制限することである、方法。 - 前記端面に対して前記ツールを押圧するステップにおいて反力を加えるために補助要素が使用される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記補助要素は遠位足部を含み、押圧するステップにおいて、前記ツールは遠位方向に押圧され、前記補助要素は前記ツールと前記足部との間で圧縮され、前記液化した材料の一部を前記多孔質材料の構造内に入り込ませるステップの後、前記補助要素が取り外される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記ツールは、遠位広がり部を含み、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の前記面は、遠位端面であり、押圧するステップにおいて、引張力が前記ツールに結合される、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 多孔質材料を補強および/または裏打ちすつためのアセンブリであって、アセンブリは、
−補強および/または裏打ち要素接触面を有する熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素と、
−接触面を有するツールとを備え、前記ツールは、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素接触面に対して押圧可能であり、アセンブリはさらに、
−補助要素を備え、
−前記ツールおよび前記補助要素の一方は、ガイド軸を有し、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は、少なくとも部分的にガイド軸を包み、前記ツール接触面と補助要素接触面との間で圧縮可能であり、
−少なくとも1つの軸方向の深さにおいて、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は、周角の関数としてセグメント化される、および/または前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は遠近軸を通る断面において非円形である、アセンブリ。 - 前記ガイド軸は非円形の断面を有し、前記ガイド軸と前記補強および/または裏打ち要素とから構成されるサブアセンブリは円形の断面を有する、請求項5に記載のアセンブリ。
- 前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は、複数の別個の補強および/または裏打ち要素部品を含む、請求項5または6のいずれか1項に記載のアセンブリ。
- 多孔質材料を補強および/または裏打ちするための、たとえば請求項1から4のいずれか1項に係る方法であって、
−少なくとも1つの熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素を設けるステップと、
−前記補強および/または裏打ち要素を前記多孔質材料に接触させて設置し、機械的エネルギーを前記補強および/または裏打ち要素に加えて前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の少なくとも一部を液化させ、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の液化した補強および/または裏打ち材料部分を前記多孔質材料内に入り込ませるステップと、
−前記液化した補強および/または裏打ち材料部分を再固化させるステップと、
−前記多孔質材料および前記再固化された補強および/または裏打ち材料の一部を除去して裏打ち開口を得るステップとを備え、前記裏打ち開口は、再固化された補強および/または裏打ち材料を伴う前記多孔質材料の表面部分を有するとともに、前記再固化された補強および/または裏打ち材料を伴わない前記多孔質材料の表面部分を有する、方法。 - 液化した補強および/または裏打ち材料を前記多孔質材料内に入り込ませるステップの前に、前記裏打ち開口の形状とは異なる形状の初期開口を設けるステップを備える、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 液化した補強および/または裏打ち材料を前記多孔質材料内に入り込ませるステップは、前記液化した材料を前記初期開口の側壁内に入り込ませることを含み、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は非円形の対称を有する、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔質材料および前記再固化された補強および/または裏打ち材料の一部を除去するステップは、前記多孔質材料内に開口を作るステップであり、その開口の表面には補強および/または裏打ち材料の一部がある、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 多孔質材料を補強および/または裏打ちする方法であって、
−接合要素を設けるステップと、
−前記接合要素を固定するステップと、
−少なくとも1つの補強および/または裏打ち要素を、前記多孔質材料内において、前記接合要素と接触させて固定するステップとを備え、
−前記接合要素を固定するステップは、熱可塑性材料を含む前記補強および/または裏打ち要素を設けるサブステップと、エネルギーおよび圧力を前記補強および/または裏打ち要素に加え、熱可塑性材料の一部を液化させるとともに多孔質材料内に入り込ませるサブステップと、前記一部を再固化させるサブステップとを含み、
−固定するステップにおいて、液化した補強および/または裏打ち材料は、前記接合要素と接触させられる、方法。 - 多孔質材料を補強および/または裏打ちする、たとえば請求項1から4または請求項8から11のいずれか1項に記載の方法であって、方法は、
−前記多孔質材料内に初期開口を設けるステップと、
−熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素を設け、さらにツールおよび補助要素を設けるステップと、
−前記補強および/または裏打ち要素を前記初期開口内に設置するステップとを備え、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は、前記ツールまたは前記補助要素のガイド部分を少なくとも部分的に包み、方法はさらに、
−前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の一部が前記開口内にあって前記多孔質材料と接触している間、押圧力およびエネルギーを前記ツールに結合するとともに、前記ツールから前記補強および/または裏打ち要素へ結合するステップと、
−これによって、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の材料を液化させ、液化した材料を得るステップと、
−前記液化した材料の一部を前記多孔質材料の構造、および/または前記多孔質材料に接続された要素の構造に入り込ませるステップと、
−前記液化した材料を硬化させて補強および/または裏打ち材料とするステップと、
−前記ツールを取り外すステップとを備え、
−以下の条件のうち少なくとも1つが満たされ、条件は、
A.押圧力およびエネルギーをツールに結合するステップにおいて、外側保護要素が少なくとも部分的に前記ツールを包み、前記ツールが前記多孔質材料に接触することを局所的に防止すること、
B.前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は概してスリーブ形状を有し、スリーブ壁内に少なくとも1つの窪みまたは穴を含むこと、
C.押圧力およびエネルギーを前記ツールに結合するステップにおいて、伸縮領域で前記ツールの一部が前記補助要素の一部を包み、または前記補助要素の一部が前記ツールを包み、前記ツールおよび前記補助要素の少なくとも一方は、前記ツールおよび前記補助要素の他方に対向する少なくとも1つの突出部を含み、これによって、伸縮領域において、前記少なくとも1つの突出部とは異なる位置における前記ツールと前記補助要素との接触が防止されること、
D.押圧力およびエネルギーを前記ツールに結合するステップにおいて、前記ツールは、遠位方向に向けて押圧され、前記ツールは、突出した特徴部を形成する遠位広がり部を含み、前記突出した特徴部は、前記突出した特徴部の近位の位置における前記ツールと前記多孔質材料との間の接触を防止すること、
E.押圧力およびエネルギーを前記ツールに結合するステップの前に、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は、軸方向のポジティブ・フィット接続によって前記ツールに接続され、押圧力およびエネルギーを前記ツールに結合するステップにおいて、前記補助要素は、遠位方向に対して押圧され、これによって前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の材料を液化するステップが開始され、前記液化した材料の一部を側方および前記多孔質材料の構造内に押すことである、方法。 - 少なくとも条件A.が満たされ、前記保護要素はねじ切り部を切削するタップ部を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも条件B.が満たされ、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は概してスリーブ形状である、請求項13または14に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも条件C.が満たされ、前記ツールの遠位端において、前記ツールと前記補助要素との間に残る間隙は、0.2mm以下の幅を有する、請求項13から15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも条件E.が満たされ、前記ソノトロードは、ねじ切りされた外表面部分を有し、前記ねじ切された外表面部分は、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素によって囲まれる、請求項13から16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記エネルギーは、機械的振動の形態で前記ツールに結合される、請求項13から17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 多孔質材料を補強および/または裏打ちするためのアセンブリであって、前記アセンブリは、
−補強および/または裏打ち要素接触面を有する熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素と、
−接触面を有するツールとを備え、前記ツールは、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素接触面に対して押圧可能であり、アセンブリはさらに、
−補助要素を備え、
−前記ツールおよび前記補助要素の一方はガイド軸を有し、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は、少なくとも部分的に前記ガイド軸を囲み、前記ツール接触面と補助要素接触面との間で圧縮可能であり、
−以下の条件のうち少なくとも1つが満たされ、条件は、
A.前記アセンブリは、少なくとも部分的に前記ツールを囲み、前記ツールと前記多孔質材料との接触を局所的に防止する外側保護要素をさらに備えること、
B.前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は概してスリーブ形状であり、スリーブ壁内に少なくとも1つの窪みまたは穴を含むこと、
C.伸縮領域において、前記ツールの一部は前記補助要素の一部を囲み、または前記補助要素の一部は前記ツールを囲み、前記ツールおよび前記補助要素の少なくとも一方は、前記ツールおよび前記補助要素の他方に対向する少なくとも1つの突出部を含み、これにより、伸縮領域において、前記少なくとも1つの突出部とは異なる位置における前記ツールと前記補助要素との間の接触が防止されること、
D.前記ツールは、突出した特徴部を形成する遠位広がり部を含み、前記突出した特徴部は、前記突出した特徴部の近位の位置において前記ツールと前記多孔質材料との接触を防止すること、
E.前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は、軸方向のポジティブ・フィット接続によって前記ツールに接続されることである、アセンブリ。 - 前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は、概してスリーブ形状である、請求項1に記載のアセンブリ。
- 接合要素を固定する方法であって、方法は、請求項1から4または請求項8から18のいずれか1項に記載の方法を行なうステップと、前記接合要素を設けるステップと、前記接合要素を裏打ち開口に固定するステップとを備え、前記裏打ち開口の側壁は前記補強および/または裏打ち材料を含む、方法。
- 前記接合要素はねじを含み、固定するステップは、前記接合要素を前記裏打ち開口にねじ込むことを含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 多孔質材料を補強および/または裏打ちする方法であって、
−器具を設けるステップを備え、前記器具は、貫通先端および/または切削端を有する遠位端を含み、方法はさらに、
−熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素を設けるステップと、
−前記遠位端を前記多孔質材料に接触させて前記器具を設置し、前記器具を前記多孔質材料に対して押圧し、前記器具を前記多孔質材料に押し込むステップと、
−前記補強および/または裏打ち要素を前記器具の面に接触させて設置するステップとを備え、前記面は近位側に対向し、方法はさらに、
−エネルギーが前記補強および/または裏打ち要素に結合されている間、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素に対して近位方向に向けて前記器具を保持するステップと、
−これによって、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の材料を液化させ、液化した材料を得るステップと、
−液化した材料を前記多孔質材料の構造内に入り込ませるステップと、
−液化した材料を硬化させ、補強および/または裏打ち材料とするステップと、
−前記器具を取り外すステップとを備える、方法。 - 前記器具を前記多孔質材料内に押し込むステップにおいて、機械的エネルギーが前記器具に結合される、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記押し込むステップにおいて前記器具に結合される前記機械的エネルギーは、機械振動エネルギーである、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記器具はツールであり、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素にエネルギーを結合するステップにおいて、前記エネルギーは、機械的エネルギーであり、前記ツールに結合されるとともに、前記ツールから前記補強および/または裏打ち要素に結合され、前記ツールにエネルギーを結合するステップは、前記ツールと前記補強および/または裏打ち要素との間の液化界面が多孔質材料に隣接している間に行われ、前記材料は、前記液化界面において液化される、請求項23から25のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記補強および/または裏打ち要素に結合される前記機械的エネルギーは機械振動エネルギーであり、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素にエネルギーを結合するステップにおいて、前記ツールは第1の振動モードで振動する、請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記器具を前記多孔質材料に押し込むステップにおいて、機械的エネルギーが前記ツールに結合され、前記押し込むステップにおいて、前記ツールは第2の振動モードで振動する、請求項27に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の振動モードは、前記第2の振動モードとは異なる、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記器具は、
−遠位貫通先端、および
−遠位切削端のうち少なくとも1つを有する、請求項23から29のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 対象物を補強および/または裏打ちする、たとえば請求項1から4、請求項8から11、請求項13から18、および請求項30のいずれか一向に記載の方法であって、方法は、
−初期開口を前記対象物内に設けるステップと、
−熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素ならびにツールを設けるステップと、
−前記初期開口内に前記補強および/または裏打ち要素を設置し、前記ツールを前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の面と接触させて設置し、エネルギーが前記ツールに結合される間、および前記ツールおよび前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の液化界面の周囲が前記開口内にある間、前記ツールを前記面に対して押圧するステップと、
−これによって、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の材料を前記液化界面において液化させ、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素に対して前記ツールを相対運動させ、前記液化した材料の一部を前記対象物の穴および/または空洞内に入り込ませるステップと、
−液化した材料を硬化させ、補強および/または裏打ち材料とするステップと、
−前記ツールを取り外すステップとを備え、
−前記液化界面において、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の全断面が液化される、方法。 - 前記液化界面において液化されていない補強および/または裏打ち要素の部分は、前記ツールを取り外した後、前記対象物内に残らない、またはそこに接続されない、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 前記ツールの径方向の延長部は、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の径方向外側の延長部にほぼ等しくなる、またはそれ以上となるように選択される、請求項31または32に記載の方法。
- 前記ツールの径方向の拡張部は、最大で10%だけ前記初期開口の内径よりも小さくなるように選択される、請求項31から33のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の前記面は遠位面であり、前記ツールは、近位方向に対向する表面部分を含み、前記液化界面は、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の遠位面と前記ツールの近位方向に対向する面部分との間の界面であり、前記押圧するステップにおいて、前記ツールは近位方向に向けて引かれる、請求項31から34のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ツールは、少なくとも1つの径方向に突出するブレードを含むように選択される、請求項35に記載の方法。
- 多孔質材料を補強するためのアセンブリであって、前記アセンブリは、
−補強および/または裏打ち要素接触面を有する熱可塑性の補強および/または裏打ち要素と、
−接触面を有するツールとを備え、前記ツールは、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素接触面に対して押圧可能であり、前記アセンブリはさらに、
−補助要素を備え、
−前記ツールおよび前記補助要素の一方はガイド軸を有し、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素は、少なくとも部分的に前記ガイド軸を囲み、前記ツール接触面と補助要素接触面との間で圧縮可能であり、
−前記ツールの最大の径方向の延在は、前記補強および/または裏打ち要素の最大の径方向の延長以上である、アセンブリ。
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KR20190119586A (ko) * | 2017-01-19 | 2019-10-22 | 이케아 서플라이 아게 | 커넥터 요소를 고정하는 방법, 그 방법을 수행하는 기계, 및 커넥터 요소 고정 키트 |
US11919248B2 (en) | 2017-01-19 | 2024-03-05 | Ikea Supply Ag | Method of anchoring a connector element, a machine for carrying out the method and a connector element anchoring kit |
KR102666157B1 (ko) * | 2017-01-19 | 2024-05-20 | 이케아 서플라이 아게 | 커넥터 요소를 고정하는 방법, 그 방법을 수행하는 기계, 및 커넥터 요소 고정 키트 |
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US20150174818A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
CA2877537A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
KR20150047473A (ko) | 2015-05-04 |
KR20210125120A (ko) | 2021-10-15 |
EP2861407B1 (en) | 2020-09-16 |
BR112014030672B1 (pt) | 2021-02-09 |
RU2668434C2 (ru) | 2018-10-01 |
US9962883B2 (en) | 2018-05-08 |
JP6410713B2 (ja) | 2018-10-24 |
CN104364067A (zh) | 2015-02-18 |
EP2861407A1 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
ES2835792T3 (es) | 2021-06-23 |
HK1208643A1 (en) | 2016-03-11 |
BR112014030672A2 (pt) | 2017-06-27 |
ZA201500248B (en) | 2016-10-26 |
WO2013185251A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
RU2014153375A (ru) | 2016-07-27 |
CN104364067B (zh) | 2019-06-07 |
KR102412824B1 (ko) | 2022-06-23 |
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