JP2011233369A - 非水二次電池 - Google Patents
非水二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2011233369A JP2011233369A JP2010102695A JP2010102695A JP2011233369A JP 2011233369 A JP2011233369 A JP 2011233369A JP 2010102695 A JP2010102695 A JP 2010102695A JP 2010102695 A JP2010102695 A JP 2010102695A JP 2011233369 A JP2011233369 A JP 2011233369A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- composite oxide
- positive electrode
- negative electrode
- containing composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 168
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 163
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 194
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 78
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 52
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 47
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 39
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- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 18
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- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
【解決手段】 負極が、SiとOとを構成元素に含む材料(Siに対するOの原子比xは、0.5≦x≦1.5)および黒鉛質炭素材料を含有する負極合剤層を有しており、正極が、Ni、CoおよびMnと、Mg、BaおよびZrより選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素とを必須の構成元素とする特定のリチウム含有複合酸化物を含有する正極合剤層を有していることを特徴とする非水二次電池により、前記課題を解決する。
【選択図】 なし
Description
Li1+yMO2 (1)
[前記一般組成式(1)中、−0.15≦a<0.15であり、かつ、Mは、Mg、BaおよびZrのうちの少なくとも1種、Ni、CoおよびMnを含有する4種以上の元素群を表し、Mを構成する各元素中で、Ni、Co、Mn、Mg、BaおよびZrの割合(mol%)を、それぞれa、b、c、d、eおよびfとしたとき、50≦a≦97、b≦49、c≦49、d≦3、e≦3、f≦3および3≦b+c+d+e+f≦50である]
で表されるリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質として含有する正極合剤層を、集電体の片面または両面に有するものであることを特徴とするものである。
、LiBF4、LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiCF3SO3、LiC4F9SO3、LiCF3CO2、Li2C2F4(SO3)2、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiC(CF3SO2)3、LiCnF2n+1SO3(n≧2)、LiN(Rf3OSO2)2〔ここで、Rfはフルオロアルキル基を表す。〕などが挙げられ、これらを1種単独で用いてもよく、これらの2種以上を併用してもよい。これらの中でも、LiPF6やLiBF4などが、充放電特性が良好なことからより好ましい。これらの含フッ素有機リチウム塩はアニオン性が大きく、かつイオン分離しやすいので前記溶媒に溶解しやすいからである。溶媒中における電解質塩の濃度は特に限定されないが、通常0.5〜1.7mol/Lである。
SiO(体積平均粒径5.0μm)を沸騰床反応器中で約1000℃に加熱し、加熱された粒子にメタンと窒素ガスからなる25℃の混合ガスを接触させ、1000℃で60分間CVD処理を行った。このようにして前記混合ガスが熱分解して生じた炭素(以下「CVD炭素」ともいう)を複合粒子に堆積させて被覆層を形成し、SiOと炭素材料との複合体(炭素被覆SiO)を得た。
まず、硫酸ニッケル、硫酸コバルトおよび硫酸マンガンを、それぞれ、1.8mol/dm3、0.6mol/dm3、0.6mol/dm3の割合で含有する混合水溶液を調製した以外は実施例1と同様に水酸化物を作成した。この水酸化物とLiOH・H2OとBaCO3とをモル比で1:1:0.001になるようにエタノール中に分散させてスラリー状にした後、遊星型ボールミルで40分間混合し、室温で乾燥させて混合物を得たこと以外は実施例1と同様にリチウム含有複合酸化物を合成した。
まず、実施例2と同様にして水酸化物を作製した。この水酸化物とLiOH・H2OとZrO2とをモル比で1:1:0.001になるようにエタノール中に分散させてスラリー状にした後、遊星型ボールミルで40分間混合し、室温で乾燥させて混合物を得たこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてリチウム含有複合酸化物を合成した。
まず、実施例1と同様にして水酸化物を作製した。この水酸化物とLiOH・H2OとZrO2とをモル比で1:1:0.001になるようにエタノール中に分散させてスラリー状にした後、遊星型ボールミルで40分間混合し、室温で乾燥させて混合物を得たこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてリチウム含有複合酸化物を合成した。
まず、実施例1と同様にして水酸化物を作製した。この水酸化物とLiOH・H2OとBaCO3とをモル比で1:1:0.001になるようにエタノール中に分散させてスラリー状にした後、遊星型ボールミルで40分間混合し、室温で乾燥させて混合物を得たこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてリチウム含有複合酸化物を合成した。
まず、硫酸ニッケル、硫酸コバルトおよび硫酸マンガン、硫酸マグネシウムを、それぞれ、2.38mol/dm3、0.297mol/dm3、0.297mol/dm3、0.03mol/dm3の割合で含有する混合水溶液を調製した以外は実施例1と同様にして水酸化物を作製した。この水酸化物とLiOH・H2OとZrO2とをモル比で1:1:0.001になるようにエタノール中に分散させてスラリー状にした後、遊星型ボールミルで40分間混合し、室温で乾燥させて混合物を得たこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてリチウム含有複合酸化物を合成した。
実施例4で合成したものと同じLi1.0Ni0.59Co0.2Mn0.2Mg0.01Zr0.001O2とLiCoO2とを質量比で3:7になるように計量し、ヘンシェルミキサを用いて30分混合した。得られた混合物を正極活物質に用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして494261型角形非水二次電池を作製した。
まず、実施例2と同様にして水酸化物を作製した。この水酸化物とLiOH・H2Oとをモル比で1:1になるようにエタノール中に分散させてスラリー状にした後、遊星型ボールミルで40分間混合し、室温で乾燥させて混合物を得たこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてリチウム含有複合酸化物を合成した。
正極活物質をLiCoO2に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして494261型角形非水二次電池を作製した。
正極活物質をLiCoO2に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして作製した正極と、黒鉛98質量%と、バインダとしてCMC1質量%と、SBR1質量%と水とを混合して調製した負極合剤含有スラリーを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして作製した負極とを使用し、実施例1と同様にして494261型角形非水二次電池を作製した。
=(500サイクル目の放電容量/2サイクル目の放電容量)×100
2 負極
3 セパレータ
Claims (3)
- 正極、負極、非水電解液およびセパレータを有する非水二次電池であって、
前記負極は、SiとOとを構成元素に含む材料(ただし、Siに対するOの原子比xは、0.5≦x≦1.5である)と炭素材料との複合体、および黒鉛質炭素材料を負極活物質として含有する負極合剤層を、集電体の片面または両面に有するものであり
前記正極は、下記一般組成式(1)
Li1+yMO2 (1)
[前記一般組成式(1)中、−0.15≦y<0.15であり、かつ、Mは、Mg、BaおよびZrのうちの少なくとも1種、Ni、CoおよびMnを含有する4種以上の元素群を表し、Mを構成する各元素中で、Ni、Co、Mn、Mg、BaおよびZrの割合(mol%)を、それぞれa、b、c、d、eおよびfとしたとき、50≦a≦97、b≦49、c≦49、d≦3、e≦3、f≦3および3≦b+c+d+e+f≦50である]
で表されるリチウム含有複合酸化物を正極活物質として含有する正極合剤層を、集電体の片面または両面に有するものであることを特徴とする非水二次電池。 - 正極活物質として、更にLiCoO2を含有している請求項1に記載の非水二次電池。
- SiとOとを構成元素に含む材料と炭素材料との複合体の負極活物質中における含有量が、0.01〜20質量%である請求項1または2に記載の非水二次電池。
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Cited By (15)
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JP2016122626A (ja) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-07 | Jx金属株式会社 | リチウムイオン電池用正極活物質、リチウムイオン電池用正極、及び、リチウムイオン電池 |
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