JP2011047395A - 排気システム - Google Patents
排気システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011047395A JP2011047395A JP2009275089A JP2009275089A JP2011047395A JP 2011047395 A JP2011047395 A JP 2011047395A JP 2009275089 A JP2009275089 A JP 2009275089A JP 2009275089 A JP2009275089 A JP 2009275089A JP 2011047395 A JP2011047395 A JP 2011047395A
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
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Abstract
排気ガスに含まれている窒素酸化物を低減させる排気システムを提供する。
【解決手段】
エンジンで排出される排気ガスが通過する排気ライン、排気ラインに設置されて排気ガスに含まれている窒素酸化物を低減させる窒素酸化物浄化触媒、排気ラインまたはエンジンのシリンダーに燃料を追加噴射するインジェクター、およびインジェクターから噴射された燃料を分解して高効率還元剤に転換し、酸化反応で後端の温度を上昇させるように、インジェクターと窒素酸化物浄化触媒の間に設けられる燃料分解触媒を含み、窒素酸化物浄化触媒の前端部に燃料分解触媒を配置し、燃料分解触媒で生成された高反応性還元剤は窒素酸化物浄化触媒の浄化効率を向上させることを特徴とする。
【選択図】図1
Description
そして排気パイプ上には排気ガスに含まれている粒子状物質(PM)を捕集するための媒煙フィルターが装着される。
つまり、前記燃料分解触媒130は燃料を分解するThermal Cracking機能を通して炭化水素を構成する連結環を切って分解する。
Z+O+NO→Z+(NO2)ads→Z++NO2
Z−Cu2+(NO2)ads+NO→Z−Cu2+(N2O3)ads→Z−Cu2+O+N2+O2
Z−H++CnH2n→Z−CnH2n+1+→n(Z−H)+CnH2n+
mNO2+CnH2n+→CnH2nNmO2m→N2+CO2+H2O
ここで、Zはゼオライトを意味し、下添字adsは吸着を意味する。
THC+(NOx)ads→THC−ONO または THC−NO2
THC−NO2→THC−NCO
THC−NCO+NO+O2→N2+CO2+H2O
酸化された窒素酸化物の一部は排気ガスに含まれている炭化水素と酸化−還元反応をして窒素気体に還元され、他の一部は前記第2触媒層446に貯蔵される。この過程で、排気ガスに含まれている炭化水素は二酸化炭素に酸化される。前記第1触媒層444で発生する反応は下式のように簡略に表現される。
NO+HC→1/2N2+CO2
110 制御部
120 インジェクター
130 燃料分解触媒(DFC:diesel fuel cracking)
140 触媒濾過フィルター(DPF:diesel particulate filter)
150 排気ライン
160 窒素酸化物浄化触媒(NOx trap)
170a、170b 第1、2酸素センサー
180a、180b、180c、180d 第1、2、3、4温度センサー
190 差圧センサー
Claims (6)
- エンジンから排出される排気ガスが通過する排気ライン、
前記排気ラインに設置されて排気ガスに含まれている窒素酸化物を低減させる窒素酸化物浄化触媒、
前記排気ラインまたはエンジンのシリンダーに燃料を追加噴射するインジェクター、
および前記インジェクターで噴射された燃料を分解して高効率還元剤に転換し、酸化反応で後端の温度を上昇させるように、前記インジェクターと前記窒素酸化物浄化触媒の間に設けられる燃料分解触媒、
を含むことを特徴とする排気システム。 - 前記燃料分解触媒は、アルミナ、ジルコニア、硫酸アルミナ、硫酸ジルコニア、硫酸セリア−ジルコニア複合酸化物、タングステンジルコニア、タングステンアルミナ、およびゼオライトのうちの少なくとも一つで構成される担体を含み、前記担体にはPt、Pd、Rh、Ir、Ag、Sn、およびRuのうちの少なくとも一つの触媒成分が付着することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排気システム。
- 前記担体に付着される前記触媒成分は、全体ウォッシュコート質量の0.05重量%乃至10重量%であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の排気システム。
- 前記窒素酸化物浄化触媒は、排気ガスに含まれている窒素酸化物の一部を未燃焼燃料または炭化水素を利用して還元させ、窒素酸化物の他の一部は内部に拡散させて貯蔵し、前記燃料分解触媒で形成された還元剤を利用して前記窒素酸化物浄化触媒に貯蔵された窒素酸化物を脱着させ還元することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排気システム。
- 前記燃料分解触媒は、燃料の長い炭素輪を切って複数の短い炭化水素を作り、前記窒素酸化物浄化触媒で窒素酸化物の浄化効率を向上させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排気システム。
- 前記インジェクターは、エンジンの燃焼室を形成するシリンダー内に燃料を噴射する第1インジェクター、および前記窒素酸化物浄化触媒の前端部の前記排気ラインに設けられる第2インジェクターを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排気システム。
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KR101048144B1 (ko) * | 2009-11-02 | 2011-07-08 | 기아자동차주식회사 | 배기 시스템 |
US9120056B2 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2015-09-01 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Catalyst assembly for treating engine exhaust |
CN102121411B (zh) * | 2011-03-23 | 2012-09-12 | 湖南大学 | 一种汽车尾气三效催化转化器系统及控制方法 |
US20130151125A1 (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2013-06-13 | Scott K. Mann | Apparatus and Method for Controlling Emissions in an Internal Combustion Engine |
SE537367C2 (sv) * | 2012-12-14 | 2015-04-14 | Scania Cv Ab | Katalysator för behandling av avgaser och ett avgassystem som innefattar en sådan katalysator |
US9266092B2 (en) | 2013-01-24 | 2016-02-23 | Basf Corporation | Automotive catalyst composites having a two-metal layer |
CN106362727B (zh) * | 2016-09-20 | 2019-08-06 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | 一种提高铈基脱硝催化剂催化性能的方法及应用 |
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US20110047983A1 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
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CN102003253A (zh) | 2011-04-06 |
US8414836B2 (en) | 2013-04-09 |
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