CN102003253A - 排气系统 - Google Patents

排气系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102003253A
CN102003253A CN2009102261787A CN200910226178A CN102003253A CN 102003253 A CN102003253 A CN 102003253A CN 2009102261787 A CN2009102261787 A CN 2009102261787A CN 200910226178 A CN200910226178 A CN 200910226178A CN 102003253 A CN102003253 A CN 102003253A
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nitrogen oxide
fuel
catalyst
vent systems
sparger
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CN2009102261787A
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CN102003253B (zh
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李津夏
李孝京
朴志源
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Motors Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种排气系统，其可包括排气管路，在发动机中形成的废气通过该排气管路排放、氮氧化物纯化催化剂，该氮氧化物纯化催化剂被置于排气管路上以还原包含于废气中的氮氧化物、将燃料另外注入排气管路或汽缸的喷射器，以及燃料裂解催化剂，该燃料裂解催化剂被置于喷射器和氮氧化物纯化催化剂之间以裂解通过喷射器注入的燃料，将注入的燃料转化为高效还原剂，并通过氧化反应升高其在后部分的温度。

Description

排气系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2009年8月28日提交的韩国专利申请No.10-2009-0080791的优先权，在本文引用该专利申请的全部内容作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种排气系统。更特别地，本发明涉及一种用于还原包含于废气中的氮氧化物的排气系统。
背景技术
通常，使通过发动机的排气歧管排出的废气流经装在待净化的排气管中部的催化转换器，且在废气通过尾管排放至外部之前，当其流经消声器时其噪音被降低。
所述催化转换器处理包含于废气中的污染材料。而且，将粒子过滤器装在排气管上以捕集包含于废气中的粒状材料(PM)。
选择性催化还原设备为一类催化转换器。在选择性催化还原装置(SCR)中，如一氧化碳、总碳氢化合物(THC)等的还原剂与氮氧化物而不是氧良好反应，这就是其被称为选择性催化还原装置(SCR)的原因。
在安装选择性催化还原装置的内燃发动机中，根据废气中的氮氧化物含量连续且另外地注入燃料。因此，碳氢化合物会从选择性催化还原装置放出，且燃料消耗增加。
而且，当连续供应还原剂时，氧化/还原反应也在废气管中连续进行。因此，催化剂的耐用性被在氧化/还原反应过程中形成的反应热降低。
在此背景技术部分公开的上述信息仅为了增强对本发明的一般背景的理解，且不应被认为是承认或任何形式的暗示该信息构成了本领域技术人员已知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面在于提供一种具有改进氮氧化物纯化效率的优点的排气系统。
在本发明的一个方面，所述排气系统可包括排气管路，在发动机中形成的废气通过该排气管路排放、氮氧化物纯化催化剂，该氮氧化物纯化催化剂被置于排气管路上以还原包含于废气中的氮氧化物、将燃料另外注入排气管路或汽缸的喷射器，以及燃料裂解催化剂，该燃料裂解催化剂被置于喷射器和氮氧化物纯化催化剂之间以裂解通过喷射器注入的燃料，将注入的燃料转化为高效还原剂，并通过氧化反应升高其在后部分的温度。
所述燃料裂解催化剂可裂解长碳环以制得多个短的碳氢化合物，从而在氮氧化物纯化催化剂中改进氮氧化物的纯化效率。
所述燃料裂解催化剂包括载体，所述载体包括氧化铝、氧化锆、硫酸化氧化铝、硫酸化氧化锆、硫酸化氧化铈和氧化锆的复合氧化物、钨氧化锆、钨氧化铝和沸石，且Pt、Pd、Rh、Ir、Ag、Sn和Ru中的至少一种催化剂元素在载体中形成，其中所述载体的催化剂元素为整个涂层材料(wash-coat)质量的大约0.05重量％至大约10重量％。
所述氮氧化物纯化催化剂可通过未燃的燃料或碳氢化合物还原废气中的一部分氮氧化物，扩散还原废气中的另一部分氮氧化物以储存于其中，并使用在燃料裂解催化剂中形成的还原剂解吸储存于氮氧化物纯化催化剂中的氮氧化物并还原该解吸的氮氧化物。
所述氮氧化物纯化催化剂可包括在载体上涂布的第一和第二催化剂层，所述第一催化剂层邻接废气安置，且所述第二催化剂层邻接载体安置，其中在储存于第二催化剂层中的氮氧化物高于预定值时，控制所述喷射器注入燃料。
在废气中的碳氢化合物与氮氧化物的比例低于预定值时，可控制所述喷射器注入燃料，其中碳氢化合物与氮氧化物的比例的预定值大约为8。
所述第一催化剂层包括在多孔氧化铝上形成的沸石催化剂和金属催化剂的至少一种。
所述第二催化剂层包括贵金属和氮氧化物储存材料。
所述喷射器可包括将燃料注入形成发动机的燃烧室的汽缸的第一喷射器，和置于所述氮氧化物纯化催化剂的在前部分的第二喷射器。
本发明的方法和装置具有在附图中显而易见的或在附图中更详细地说明的其他特征和优点，并入本文的附图和如下具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明的特定原理。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案的排气系统的示意图。
图2显示在根据本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案的排气系统中提供的燃料裂解催化剂中形成的过程的化学式。
图3显示根据本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案的排气系统的过程的示意化学式。
图4显示在根据本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案的排气系统中的燃料裂解催化剂的效果。
图5显示在根据本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案的排气系统中的氮氧化物纯化催化剂的吸收模式。
图6显示在根据本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案的排气系统中的氮氧化物纯化催化剂的还原模式。
应了解所附附图不必须按比例缩放，其显示说明本发明的基本原理的各种特征的些许简化的表示。本文公开的本发明的特定设计特征，包括例如特定尺寸、取向、位置和形状，部分通过特定的预期应用和使用环境确定。
在图中，在全部的附图的几幅图中附图标记指本发明的相同或等同部分。
具体实施方式
现在详细提及本发明的各种具体实施方案，本发明的实施例在附图中说明并如下描述。尽管本发明将结合示例性具体实施方案进行描述，但应了解本说明书并不意图将本发明局限于那些示例性具体实施方案。相反，本发明意图不仅涵盖示例性具体实施方案，还涵盖包括于由权利要求书限定的本发明的精神和范围内的各种变化、改变、等同和其他具体实施方案。
在下文将参考附图详细描述本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案。
图1为根据本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案的排气系统的示意图。
参照图1，排气系统包括发动机100，控制部分110，喷射器120，燃料裂解催化剂130，催化粒子过滤器140，排气管路150，氮氧化物纯化催化剂160，第一氧气传感器170a，第二氧气传感器170b，第一温度传感器180a，第二温度传感器180b，第三温度传感器180c，第四温度传感器180d，和压差传感器190。
将分开的喷射器配备于发动机100中以将燃料另外注入汽缸或将燃料注入进气口。
从发动机100排出的燃烧气体通过排气管路150排出，且喷射器120、燃料裂解催化剂130、催化粒子过滤器140和氮氧化物纯化催化剂160在排气管路150中顺序安置。
将第一氧气传感器170a和第一温度传感器180a安置于排气管路150上的发动机100和喷射器120之间，并将第二温度传感器180b安置于燃料裂解催化剂130和催化粒子过滤器140之间。
此外，分别将第三温度传感器180c和第四温度传感器180d安置于氮氧化物纯化催化剂160的进口和出口处，并将第二氧气传感器170b安置于第四温度传感器180d的下游侧。
压差传感器190检测燃料裂解催化剂130和催化粒子过滤器140之间的压力差。
将在第一和第二氧气传感器170a和170b，第一、第二、第三和第四温度传感器180a、180b、180c和180d以及压差传感器190中检测的信号传递至控制部分110，并根据传输的信号控制喷射器120和发动机100。
所述氮氧化物纯化催化剂160吸收在发动机100中产生的废气中的氮氧化物，且吸收的氮氧化物被解吸以由还原剂(300，参见图3)还原，所述还原剂由燃料裂解催化剂130自通过喷射器120注入的燃料转化而成。
也就是说，为了解吸并还原吸收于所述氮氧化物纯化催化剂160中的氮氧化物，控制喷射器120以另外注入燃料，且燃料裂解催化剂130转化该注入的燃料以产生如HC、CO、H2等的还原剂。所述氮氧化物纯化催化剂160使用还原剂再生。
参照图1，所述催化粒子过滤器140捕集包含于废气中的粒状材料(PM)以在预定条件下消除它们，例如将它们燃烧。
控制部分110控制在压差传感器190中测得的压差高于预定值时将催化粒子过滤器140再生。在此情况下，燃料从喷射器120注入以将在催化粒子过滤器140中积聚的捕集的煤烟燃烧。
废气中的HC和储存于氮氧化物纯化催化剂160中的氮氧化物的比例在图像数据中设定，在实际驾驶条件下控制部分110比较HC与NOx的比例和图像数据中的预定值，在所述值低于预定值的情况下，操作喷射器120以将燃料注入排气管路中。也就是说，HC与NOx的比例增加。
能将氮氧化物检测传感器置于氮氧化物纯化催化剂160的下游侧，且所述氮氧化物检测传感器检测废气中的氮氧化物含量以将相关信号传输至控制部分。
同时，不同于使用氮氧化物检测传感器，NOx的储存量能由实验值的预定图像数据预测。
所述控制部分110基于传感器检测的信号和图像数据控制燃料注入量和燃料注入时间，从而解吸并还原捕集于氮氧化物纯化催化剂160中的氮氧化物。
例如，在储存于氮氧化物纯化催化剂160中的氮氧化物含量大于预定值时，所述控制部分110控制喷射器另外注入燃料。
这里，控制部分110控制碳氢化合物(HC)与氮氧化物(NOx)的比例变得大于预定值，从而解吸并还原储存于氮氧化物纯化催化剂160中的氮氧化物。这里，预定比例可为8。
所述燃料裂解催化剂130通过催化反应切断燃料中的碳化合物的链环以分解燃料。也就是说，燃料裂解催化剂130通过热裂解切断形成碳氢化合物的连接环以分解燃料。
而且，所述燃料裂解催化剂130将一部分碳氢化合物转化为氧化的碳氢化合物，从而活化由喷射器120注入的燃料。
此外，所述燃料裂解催化剂130将作为待蒸发的液体注入的燃料转化为高反应活性的还原剂(300，参见图3)，同时通过氧化反应减小氧浓度，并增加废气温度。
包含于所述燃料裂解催化剂的催化剂元素由Pt、Pd、Ir、Ag、Sn、Ru等组成，其重量为总涂布材料的0.05重量％至10重量％。
此外，在所述燃料裂解催化剂中，催化剂元素连接的载体由氧化铝、氧化锆、硫酸化氧化铝、硫酸化氧化锆、硫酸化氧化铈-氧化锆复合氧化物、钨氧化锆、钨氧化铝、沸石等组成。
图4显示在根据本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案的排气系统中的燃料裂解催化剂的效果。
参照图4，当使用所述燃料裂解催化剂时，氮氧化物的纯化率提高了约12％至30％。
这里，燃料裂解催化剂的效果在低废气温度下是高的，且具有改进氮氧化物纯化率和防止碳氢化合物逸出的效果。
图2显示在根据本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案的排气系统中提供的燃料裂解催化剂中形成的过程的化学式，且图3显示根据本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案的排气系统的过程的示意化学式。
图5显示在根据本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案的排气系统中的氮氧化物纯化催化剂的吸收模式，且图6显示在根据本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案的排气系统中的氮氧化物纯化催化剂的还原模式。
如图5和图6所示，氮氧化物纯化催化剂160包括在载体上涂布的第一和第二催化剂层444和446。所述第一催化剂层444邻接废气安置，且所述第二催化剂层446邻接载体安置。
所述第一催化剂层444氧化废气的氮氧化物，并通过氧化/还原反应用包含于废气中的未燃燃料或碳氢化合物还原一部分氧化的氮氧化物。
而且，氧化的氮氧化物的另一部分扩散进入所述第二催化剂层446。如图5和图6所示，所述第一催化剂层444包括在多孔氧化铝上形成的沸石催化剂412和金属催化剂414的至少一种。
沸石催化剂412为其中铜、铂、锰、铁、钴、镍、锌、银、铈和镓的至少一种元素被离子交换的催化剂。沸石催化剂412中的化学反应如下描述。
Z-Cu2+O-+NO→Z-Cu2+(NO2-)ads→Z-Cu2++NO2
Z+O-+NO→Z+(NO2-)ads→Z++NO2
Z-Cu2+(NO2-)ads+NO→Z-Cu2+N2O3-ads→Z-Cu2+O-+N2+O2
Z-H++CnH2n→Z-CnH2n+1 +→n(Z-H)+CnH2n +
mNO2+CnH2n→CnH2nNmO2m→N2+CO2+H2O
这里，“Z”表示沸石，下标“ads”表示吸附。
而且，在多孔氧化铝上形成的金属催化剂414包括铂、钯、铑、铱、钌、钨、铬、锰、铁、钴、铜和锌的至少一种元素。在多孔氧化铝上形成的金属催化剂414中的化学反应如下。
NO+O2→(NOx)ads
THC+(NOx)ads→THC-ONO或THC-NO2
THC-NO2→THC-NCO
THC-NCO+NO+O2→N2+CO2+H2O
这里，THC表示碳氢化合物。如上所述，碳氢化合物表示由包含于废气和燃料中的碳和氢组成的化合物。
所述第二催化剂层446储存所述第一催化剂层444的一部分氧化的氮氧化物，并通过在预定条件下另外注入的燃料解吸储存的氮氧化物以在第一催化剂层444中将它们还原。
如上所述，所述预定条件为储存于第二催化剂层446中的氮氧化物含量高于图像数据的预定值，从而使得氮氧化物的还原反应在第一催化剂层444中被活化时。
所述第二催化剂层446包括贵金属408和氮氧化物储存材料406。所述氮氧化物储存材料406能为BaO(氧化钡或氢氧化钡)。贵金属408促进氮氧化物储存材料406储存氮氧化物。如铂、钯等的各种金属材料能为贵金属408的元素。
在下文，将描述本发明的操作原理。
氮氧化物储存模式
在储存于第二催化剂层446中的氮氧化物的含量小于预定值时，废气中的氮氧化物在第一催化剂层444中被氧化，一部分氧化的氮氧化物通过氧化-还原反应与废气的碳氢化合物反应成为氮气，其另一部分被储存于第二催化剂层446中。在此过程中，废气中的碳氢化合物被氧化为二氧化碳。在第一催化剂层444中形成的反应如下式显示。
NO+1/2O2→NO2
NO+HC→1/2N2+CO2
而且，当另一部分氧化的氮氧化物和废气的氮氧化物扩散进入第二催化剂层446而储存于其中时，第二催化剂层446的贵金属408促进氮氧化物储存材料406储存氮氧化物。在第二催化剂层446中形成的反应如下式显示。
BaO+2NO2+1/2O2→Ba(NO3)2
氮氧化物再生模式
在储存于第二催化剂层446的氮氧化物高于预定值时，控制部分110控制喷射器120注入燃料。另外注入的燃料经过燃料裂解催化剂(130，DFC)，且该燃料被裂解为低分子。而且，一部分低分子碳氢化合物转化为与氧结合的碳氢化合物经过氮氧化物纯化催化剂160。
此时，氮氧化物通过与碳氢化合物的置换反应从第二催化剂层446解吸，且该过程简要地如下式显示。
Ba(NO3)2+3CO→BaCO3+2NO+2CO2
而且，氮氧化物通过与碳氢化合物/氧结合的碳氢化合物和从第一催化剂层444中的第二催化剂层446解吸的氮氧化物之间的氧化-还原反应而被还原为氮气，且与碳氢化合物/氧结合的碳氢化合物被氧化为二氧化碳。这如下式显示。
NO+HC/含氧HC＝1/2N2+CO2
如上所述，包含于废气中的氮氧化物和碳氢化合物被纯化。
不同于连续注入燃料，当废气中的HC与NOx的比例低于本发明的一个示例性具体实施方案中的预定值时，控制部分110控制喷射器120注入燃料。因此，燃料在根据驾驶条件的优化条件下另外注入，从而防止了碳氢化合物的逸出并减少了燃料消耗。
本发明的特定示例性具体实施方案的前述描述是为了说明和描述的目的而显示。它们不意图为穷举的或将本发明局限于所公开的精确形式，且根据上述教导许多改变和变化明显是可能的。选择并描述示例性具体实施方案以为了解释本发明的某些原理和它们的实际应用，由此使得本领域技术人员能够制造并利用本发明的各种示例性具体实施方案及其各种替代和改变。本发明的范围意图由权利要求书及其等同方式限定。

Claims (12)

1.一种排气系统，其包括：
排气管路，在发动机中形成的废气通过该排气管路排放；
氮氧化物纯化催化剂，其被置于排气管路上以还原包含于废气中的氮氧化物；
将燃料另外注入排气管路或汽缸的喷射器；以及
燃料裂解催化剂，该燃料裂解催化剂被置于喷射器和氮氧化物纯化催化剂之间以裂解通过喷射器注入的燃料，将注入的燃料转化为高效还原剂，并通过氧化反应升高其在后部分的温度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排气系统，其中所述燃料裂解催化剂裂解长碳环以制得多个短的碳氢化合物，从而在氮氧化物纯化催化剂中改进氮氧化物的纯化效率。
3.根据权利要求1所述的排气系统，其中所述燃料裂解催化剂包括载体，所述载体包括氧化铝、氧化锆、硫酸化氧化铝、硫酸化氧化锆、硫酸化氧化铈和氧化锆的复合氧化物、钨氧化锆、钨氧化铝和沸石，且Pt、Pd、Rh、Ir、Ag、Sn和Ru中的至少一种催化剂元素在载体中形成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的排气系统，其中所述载体的催化剂元素为整个涂层材料质量的大约0.05重量％至大约10重量％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的排气系统，其中所述氮氧化物纯化催化剂通过未燃的燃料或碳氢化合物还原废气中的一部分氮氧化物，扩散还原废气中的另一部分氮氧化物以储存于其中，并使用在燃料裂解催化剂中形成的还原剂解吸储存于氮氧化物纯化催化剂中的氮氧化物并还原该解吸的氮氧化物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的排气系统，其中所述氮氧化物纯化催化剂包括在载体上涂布的第一和第二催化剂层，所述第一催化剂层邻接废气安置，且所述第二催化剂层邻接载体安置。
7.根据权利要求6所述的排气系统，其中在储存于第二催化剂层中的氮氧化物高于预定值时，控制所述喷射器注入燃料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的排气系统，其中在废气中的碳氢化合物与氮氧化物的比例低于预定值时，控制所述喷射器注入燃料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的排气系统，其中碳氢化合物与氮氧化物的比例的预定值大约为8。
10.根据权利要求6所述的排气系统，其中所述第一催化剂层包括在多孔氧化铝上形成的沸石催化剂和金属催化剂的至少一种。
11.根据权利要求6所述的排气系统，其中所述第二催化剂层包括贵金属和氮氧化物储存材料。
12.根据权利要求1所述的排气系统，其中所述喷射器包括：
将燃料注入形成发动机的燃烧室的汽缸的第一喷射器；和
置于所述氮氧化物纯化催化剂的在前部分的第二喷射器。
CN200910226178.7A 2009-08-28 2009-11-24 排气系统 Expired - Fee Related CN102003253B (zh)

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