JP2010523768A - 酸化安定性を改善する、バイオディーゼル燃料のための立体障害フェノールと窒素含有洗剤との相乗効果的な組み合わせ - Google Patents
酸化安定性を改善する、バイオディーゼル燃料のための立体障害フェノールと窒素含有洗剤との相乗効果的な組み合わせ Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010523768A JP2010523768A JP2010502244A JP2010502244A JP2010523768A JP 2010523768 A JP2010523768 A JP 2010523768A JP 2010502244 A JP2010502244 A JP 2010502244A JP 2010502244 A JP2010502244 A JP 2010502244A JP 2010523768 A JP2010523768 A JP 2010523768A
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- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 43
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 125000005263 alkylenediamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-SUTYWZMXSA-N all-trans-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid Chemical compound CCCC\C=C\C=C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-SUTYWZMXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound C=CCN=C=S ZOJBYZNEUISWFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008168 almond oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OTBHHUPVCYLGQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3-aminopropyl)amine Chemical compound NCCCNCCCN OTBHHUPVCYLGQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCN YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminopropylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFEVDPWXEVUUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KFEVDPWXEVUUMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003916 ethylene diamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000743 hydrocarbylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940040102 levulinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZYNDJIBBPLNPOW-KHPPLWFESA-N methyl erucate Chemical group CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC ZYNDJIBBPLNPOW-KHPPLWFESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008164 mustard oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEGJNMCIMOLEDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNC SEGJNMCIMOLEDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000018 nitroso group Chemical group N(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940107700 pyruvic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003444 succinic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005418 vegetable material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/234—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/238—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/2383—Polyamines or polyimines, or derivatives thereof (poly)amines and imines; derivatives thereof (substituted by a macromolecular group containing 30C)
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- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
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- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
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- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/183—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof at least one hydroxy group bound to an aromatic carbon atom
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、燃料組成物と、内燃機関に燃料を供給し、バイオディーゼル燃料に酸化安定性を提供するための方法とに関する。
本発明は、
a.脂肪酸C1〜4アルキルエステル、
b.窒素含有洗剤、および
c.フェノール系抗酸化剤
を含む燃料組成物を提供する。
A.内燃機関に、
i.脂肪酸C1〜4アルキルエステル、
ii.室温において液体である(i)以外の燃料、
iii.窒素含有洗剤、および
iv.フェノール系抗酸化剤
を供給すること
を含む方法を提供する。
下記に、さまざまな好ましい特徴および実施態様が非限定的な例示によって記載される。
本発明は、脂肪酸C1〜4アルキルエステル、窒素含有洗剤、およびフェノール系抗酸化剤を含む燃料組成物を含む。
本発明の脂肪酸C1〜4アルキルエステルは、多くの場合バイオ燃料またはバイオディーゼルと呼ばれるが、14から24の炭素原子を有する脂肪酸と1から4の炭素原子を有すアルコールとから作られている。通常、比較的大きな比率の脂肪酸が1つ、2つまたは3つの二重結合を含む。前述の種類の典型的な脂肪酸アルキルエステルの例は、ナタネ油脂肪酸メチルエステル、およびナタネ油脂肪酸メチルエステル、ヒマワリ油脂肪酸メチルエステルおよび/または大豆油脂肪酸メチルエステルを含んでよい混合物を含む。
本発明の窒素含有洗剤は、ヒドロカルビル置換アシル化窒素化合物;ヒドロカルビル置換アミン;ヒドロカルビル置換フェノール、アミンおよびホルムアルデヒドの反応生成物;およびそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれる。
(R1C(O)(R2)nC(O))R3 (I)
の化合物および式(II)
本発明の燃料組成物は、フェノール系抗酸化剤を含んでよい。フェノール系抗酸化剤は、アルキル化フェノールである。本発明のアルキル化フェノールは、式
一実施態様では、燃料組成物中のフェノール系抗酸化剤は、約1から約10000ppm、または約50から約5000、あるいは約100から約5000または約350から約5000ppmまたは約500から約5000ppm量存在してよい。
本発明の燃料組成物は、脂肪酸C1〜4アルキルエステル以外の室温において液体である燃料をさらに含んでよい。燃料は、通常、周囲条件、例えば室温(20から30℃)で液体である。燃料は、炭化水素燃料であってよい。炭化水素燃料は、ASTM規格D975によって定義されているディーゼル燃料を含む石油留出分であってよい。本発明の一実施態様では、燃料はディーゼル燃料である。炭化水素燃料は、例えば、フィッシャー・トロプシュ法などのプロセスによって調製された炭化水素を含む気体から液体へのプロセスによって調製された炭化水素であってよい。本発明のいくつかの実施態様では、燃料は、重量基準で5000ppm以下、1000ppm以下、300ppm以下、200ppm以下、30ppm以下、または10ppm以下の硫黄含有率を有してよい。別の実施態様では、燃料は、重量基準で1から100ppmの硫黄含有率を有してよい。一実施態様では、燃料は、0ppmから1000ppm、または0から500ppm、または0から100ppm、または0から50ppm、または0から25ppm、または0から10ppm、または0から5ppmのアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、遷移金属またはそれらの混合物を含む。別の実施態様では、燃料は、1から10重量ppmのアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、遷移金属またはそれらの混合物を含む。アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、遷移金属またはそれらの混合物を含む燃料が析出物を形成し、従って噴射装置を汚すかまたは詰らせやすいことは当分野で公知である。一実施態様では、脂肪酸C1〜4アルキルエステル以外の室温において液体である燃料は、燃料組成物中に約99パーセントから約0.1パーセント、または約50パーセントから約1パーセント量存在してよい。別の実施態様では、脂肪酸C1〜4アルキルエステル以外の室温において液体である燃料は、燃料組成物中に約40パーセントから約5パーセント、または約30パーセントから約5パーセント、または約20パーセントから約5パーセント存在してよい。
一実施態様では、本発明は、液体燃料のために、または内燃機関のために有用である。内燃機関は、ディーゼル燃料を燃料とする圧縮点火エンジンを含む。ディーゼルエンジンは、軽仕様および重仕様ディーゼルエンジンをともに含む。
本明細書中で用いられる用語「ヒドロカルビル置換基」または「ヒドロカルビル基」は、当業者に公知のその通常の意味で用いられる。詳しくは、この用語は、分子の残りに直接取り付けられている炭素原子を有し、主として炭化水素の性格を有する基を指す。ヒドロカルビル基の例は、炭化水素置換基、すなわち、脂肪族(例えばアルキルまたはアルケニル)、脂環式(例えばシクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル)置換基、および芳香族−、脂肪族−および脂環式−置換芳香族置換基、ならびに環が分子の別の部分を通って完結している(例えば2つの置換基が一緒に環を形成している)環状置換基、置換炭化水素置換基、すなわち、本発明の場合には置換基の炭化水素の性格を大きく変化させない非炭化水素基を含む置換基(例えばハロ(特にクロロおよびフルオロ)、ヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、メルカプト、アルキルメルカプト、ニトロ、ニトロソ、およびスルホキシ)、ヘテロ置換基、すなわち主として炭化水素の性格を有する一方、本発明の場合には、他の場合に炭素原子で構成されている環または鎖中に炭素以外を含む置換基を含む。ヘテロ原子は、硫黄、酸素、窒素を含み、ピリジル、フリル、チエニルおよびイミダゾリルの置換基を含む。一般に、ヒドロカルビル基中の10の炭素原子について2つ以下、好ましくは1つ以下の非炭化水素置換基が存在し、通常、ヒドロカルビル基中に非炭化水素置換基はない。
Claims (11)
- a.脂肪酸C1〜4アルキルエステル、
b.窒素含有洗剤、および
c.フェノール系抗酸化剤
を含む燃料組成物。 - 前記窒素含有洗剤は、ヒドロカルビル置換アシル化窒素化合物;ヒドロカルビル置換アミン;ヒドロカルビル置換フェノール、アミンおよびホルムアルデヒドの反応生成物;ならびにそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれる、請求項1に記載の燃料組成物。
- 前記ヒドロカルビル置換アシル化窒素化合物は、ポリイソブチレンコハク酸無水物とポリアミンとの反応生成物である、請求項2に記載の燃料組成物。
- 前記ポリアミンは、少なくとも1つの反応性水素を有する、請求項3に記載の燃料組成物。
- 前記フェノール系抗酸化剤は、アルキル化フェノールである、請求項1に記載の燃料組成物。
- R1、R2およびR3は、独立に、HまたはC1〜12アルキル基である、請求項6に記載の燃料組成物。
- R1およびR2は、C4アルキル基である、請求項7に記載の燃料組成物。
- R3は、Hである、請求項7に記載の燃料組成物。
- (d)(a)以外の室温において液体である燃料をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の燃料組成物。
- 内燃機関に燃料を供給する方法であって、
A.該内燃機関に
i.脂肪酸C1〜4アルキルエステル、
ii.(i)以外の室温において液体である燃料、
iii.窒素含有洗剤、および
iv.フェノール系抗酸化剤
を供給すること
を含む方法。
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BRPI0809980B1 (pt) | 2017-02-14 |
JP2013163825A (ja) | 2013-08-22 |
AU2008237487B2 (en) | 2012-04-05 |
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KR101533122B1 (ko) | 2015-07-01 |
AU2008237487A1 (en) | 2008-10-16 |
CA2681312C (en) | 2015-10-27 |
WO2008124390A3 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
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