JP2010520684A - デジタル画像取込装置における顔検索及び検出 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【選択図】 図3
Description
(i)ザリト(Zarit)らにより、ICCV‘99_リアルタイムシステムにおける顔及び身振りの認識、解析、及び追跡の国際研究会にて発表された「皮膚画素分類における5つの色モデル比較」には、皮膚画素の検査についての多くの参考事項が含まれる。
(ii)タカハシ(Takahashi)らによる米国特許第4,203,671号明細書には、赤、緑、青の色空間における楕円体又は二次元の色空間における楕円内に入る画素を識別することによって、画像の皮膚の色を検出する方法が開示されている。
(iii)米国特許第7,103,215号明細書には、ポルノ画像を検出する方法が述べられているが、ここでは、色基準データベースがLAB色空間で準備され、関連する人体の部位を表す複数の色を定義する。疑わしい画像を選択し、サンプリングされた画素を色基準データベースと比較する。整合する画素を有する領域は質感解析を受け、画素が孤立した色であるかどうか又は他の類似の画素がそれを取り囲んでいるかどうか、即ち、皮膚である可能性を示す条件を判断する。
(iv)2007年1月18日に出願された米国特許出願番号第11/624,683号(参照番号:FN185)明細書には、RGB及びYCCフォーマットの画像に対する実数値の皮膚検定法が開示されている。そこで、例えば、画像情報がRGBフォーマットで利用可能である場合、画素が皮膚である確率は、L=0.3*R+0.59G+0.11Bの場合、Lが240を超過する度合いの関数、及び/又は、Kが画像の彩度の関数である場合、RがG+Kを超過し、また、RがB+Kを超過する度合いの関数である。YCCフォーマットにおいて、画素が皮膚である確率は、Yが240を超過する度合いの関数、及び/又は、Kを画像の彩度の関数とすると、Crが148.8162−0.1626*Cb+0.4726*Kを超過し、また、Crが1.2639*Cb−33.7803+0.7133*Kを超過する度合いの関数である。
Claims (32)
- 画像内の顔を検出する方法であって、
(a)第1位置における前記画像の第1窓内において顔検出を実行し、
(b)前記画像が前記第1位置に又はその付近に顔を含む確率を示す信頼レベルを前記顔検出から取得し、
(c)前記信頼レベルに基づき決定される第2位置における第2窓内で前記顔検出を実行することを含む方法。 - 前記第1位置から前記第2位置への前記画像内における変位の方向及び大きさには、前記信頼レベルの関数を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記顔検出を実行することにより顔の確実な位置が検出されるまで、異なる位置における1又は複数の追加窓について(a)から(c)を繰り返すことをさらに含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 顔検出が全対象領域に渡って実施されるまで、異なる位置における1又は複数の追加窓について(a)から(c)を繰り返すことをさらに含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1又は複数の追加窓の大きさは、前記信頼レベルに依存する請求項4に記載の方法。
- 複数の所定サイズの窓についての顔検出が、前記画像の全対象領域に渡って実行されるまで、(a)から(c)を繰り返すことをさらに含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記画像について対象領域の組を決定し、
全ての前記対象領域について段階(a)から(c)を繰り返すことをさらに含む請求項1に記載の方法。 - 顔を含む可能性がある前記画像の少なくとも1の領域を識別し、
顔検出が、実質的に前記少なくとも1の領域全体に渡って実行されるまで、(a)から(c)を繰り返すことをさらに含む請求項1に記載の方法。 - 顔を含む可能性がある前記画像の少なくとも1の領域を識別し、
顔検出が、前記少なくとも1の領域内において同心円状に実行されるまで、(a)から(c)を繰り返すことをさらに含む請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記顔検出には、鎖状の分類器を前記画像の前記窓に適用することが含まれるとともに、前記信頼レベルには前記窓に適用された分類器の数の関数が含まれる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記顔検出は、前記第1位置の付近に顔が存在しないこと、前記第1位置の付近に顔が存在し得ること、又は前記第1位置に顔が存在することを示す信頼レベルに戻す請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第2位置は、前記窓を第1方向にx量及び直交する第2方向にy量だけ第1位置から進めることによって決定され、第1及び第2窓のあらゆる重なりが前記信頼レベルに基づく請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1窓のサイズに対する第2窓のサイズも前記信頼レベルに基づく請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記x量又は前記y量又はその双方は、画像が第1位置の付近において顔を含む信頼レベルが高くなると、小さくなる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記x量又は前記y量又はその双方は、画像が第1位置において顔を含む信頼レベルが高くなると、大きくなる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記x量又は前記y量又はその双方は、画像が第1位置において顔を含まない信頼レベルが高くなると、大きくなる請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記x量及び前記y量は、それぞれ第1及び第2方向の顔検出信頼レベルに個別に依存する請求項12に記載の方法。
- 顔が前記第1位置付近に検出されるしきい値を超える信頼レベルが存在すると、第2位置は、第2窓が前記第1窓と重なり合って前記顔を中心とするように選択され、また、前記しきい値を下回る信頼レベルが存在すると、第2位置は、第2窓が第1窓と重なり合わないように選択される請求項1に記載の方法。
- 画像内における1又は複数の対象領域を、各々、顔を含む可能性が大きくなるように予め決定して、各対象領域の適切な角部に検出窓を配置し、
その各対象領域に(a)から(c)を適用することを含む請求項1に記載の方法。 - (a)から(c)が、少なくともいくつかの時間的重なりを有する期間における2以上の対象領域に適用される請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記1又は複数の対象領域には、多数の皮膚画素を含む1又は複数の領域が含まれる請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記画像は画像ストリームにおける画像であり、また、前記対象領域には前記ストリームの先行画像において顔が検出された1又は複数の領域が含まれる請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記段階(c)は、
前記第1位置に又はその付近における顔を示す前記信頼レベルに応じて、第2位置の第2窓内において正面を向いた顔の検出を実行することを含み、前記第2位置は、前記第1位置にて又はその付近にて前記顔を候補領域が含む確率を示す信頼レベルに基づき決定される請求項1に記載の方法。 - (d)任意の候補領域における正面を向いた顔の検出に応じて、前記候補領域に顔認識を選択的に適用することを含む請求項23に記載の方法。
- 任意の候補領域に顔を含む確率がしきい値より大きいことに応じて、顔認識が適用される請求項24に記載の方法。
- 前記正面を向いた顔の検出を実行することは、前記第1位置に又はその付近において検出された前記顔を含む候補領域において行われる請求項23に記載の方法。
- 正面を向いた顔の検出を実行することは、前記候補領域に顔を含む確率が第1しきい値より大きいことに応じて、行われる請求項26に記載の方法。
- 前記第1位置に顔を含む確率が第1しきい値より小さいことに応じて、前記画像から前記第1位置を含む拡張領域を抽出し、
相対的に粒度が細かい前記拡張領域において顔検出を実施して前記候補領域を提供することを含む請求項26に記載の方法。 - 候補領域に顔を含む確率が第2しきい値より小さいことに応じて、前記顔領域を含む拡張領域を一連の角度の内の1の角度で回転し、
相対的に粒度が細かい前記回転拡張領域において顔検出を実施して他の候補領域を提供することを含む請求項26に記載の方法。 - 候補領域に顔を含む確率が第2しきい値より小さいことに応じて、前記拡張領域内における前記顔を一連の角度の内の1の角度で回転し、
相対的に粒度が細かい前記拡張領域において顔検出を実行し、他の候補領域を提供することを含む請求項26に記載の方法。 - デジタル画像処理装置であって、
(a)第1位置にある取込画像の第1窓内において顔検出を実行し、
(b)前記画像が前記第1位置に又はその付近に顔を含む確率を示す信頼レベルを前記顔検出から取得し、
(c)前記信頼レベルに基づき決定される第2位置における第2窓内において前記顔検出を実行するように構成されるデジタル画像処理装置。 - コンピュータプログラムプロダクトであって、
デジタル画像処理装置において実行されると、
(a)第1位置にある取込画像の第1窓内において顔検出を実行し、
(b)前記画像が前記第1位置に又はその付近に顔を含む確率を示す信頼レベルを前記顔検出から取得し、
(c)前記信頼レベルに基づき決定される第2位置における第2窓内において前記顔検出を実行するように動作可能であるコンピュータプログラムプロダクト。
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US20160104032A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 |
US8649604B2 (en) | 2014-02-11 |
JP4970557B2 (ja) | 2012-07-11 |
KR101247147B1 (ko) | 2013-03-29 |
EP2188759A1 (en) | 2010-05-26 |
WO2008107002A1 (en) | 2008-09-12 |
US8923564B2 (en) | 2014-12-30 |
US9224034B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
US20150169941A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
US20140153780A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
KR20100015347A (ko) | 2010-02-12 |
US20100272363A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 |
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