JP2010512849A - 速吸収性又は溶解性のコーティング - Google Patents
速吸収性又は溶解性のコーティング Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】 図3
Description
[発明の分野]
本発明は一般に、埋込み可能なデバイス上の、速溶解性又は吸収性のコーティングに関する。
[背景の説明]
[発明の概要]
[詳細な説明]
本発明では、速吸収性又は溶解性のコーティングが提供される。コーティングには、速吸収性又は溶解性のポリマー又は材料が含まれる。「速吸収性」又は「速溶解性」の用語は、コーティングが分解又は溶媒和によって急速に吸収される又は溶解することができることを意味する。たとえば、いくつかの実施形態において、埋込み可能なデバイスの展開後、約24時間以内に、コーティングの約50重量%が吸収される又は溶解することができる。本明細書においては、吸収又は溶解の用語は、位置に依存しない。いくつかの実施形態においては、吸収又は溶解は、組織内で起こる。いくつかの実施形態においては、吸収又は溶解は、血管内、たとえば動脈又は静脈内で起こり得る。さらにいくつかの実施形態においては、吸収又は溶解は、本明細書で述べる埋込み可能なデバイスによる治療が必要な疾患部位において起こり得る。本明細書で述べる吸収又は溶解を引き起こす流体の種類は、任意の体液であってよい。いくつかの実施形態においては、体液は、体組織中の生理的流体である。いくつかの実施形態においては、体液は血液である。
コーティングの吸収速度又は溶解速度は、コーティングのいくつかのパラメーターを調節することによって調節することができる。その要素は、たとえば(1)コーティングの親水性(親水性/疎水性比)、(2)電荷(pKa)又は等電点(ポリマー/タンパク質pH依存溶解性)、(3)コーティングの厚み、(4)コーティングの形態、又は(5)コーティングを形成する組成物の含有物である。コーティングの親水性はコーティングの吸水率に関連し、したがってコーティングの吸収速度又は溶解速度に関連する。一般に、コーティングがより親水性になれば、コーティングはより吸収性又は溶解性になる。コーティングの厚みも、コーティングの吸収又は溶解に関連する。コーティングの厚みに関する特定のコーティングの吸収又は溶解の速度の関係は吸収又は溶解の機構に依存するが、より厚いコーティングは、より薄いコーティングよりも遅く溶解し得る又は吸収され得る。コーティングの形態は、非結晶質のコーティングは一般に溶解するか結晶性のコーティングよりも速く溶解するということにおいて、吸収又は溶解の速度に関連する。したがって、コーティングの吸収又は溶解の速度を制御するために、所望の吸収又は溶解の速度によって上記のパラメーターを調整することができる。
ホスホリルコリン(PC)は、脂質二重層の外表面を模倣した両性イオン性機能性である。PCは良好な血液適合性、非血栓性、動脈組織受容性及び長期生体内安定性を有する。PCはポリマー、特にアクリルコポリマーの生体適合性を増大させるために用いられてきた。本明細書においては、「ホスホリルコリンポリマー」という用語は、少なくとも1個のホスホリルコリン部分を含む任意のポリマーを意味する。ホスホリルコリンポリマーは、ブロックコポリマー又はランダムコポリマーであり得る。ホスホリルコリンポリマーは、腎臓から排泄するために、又は腎臓から排泄するために充分に小さい分子量又は水力学的体積の種又は断片に分解するために、充分に小さい分子量又は水力学的体積を有することができる。たとえば、ホスホリルコリンポリマーは、約45,000ダルトン未満、たとえば約40,000ダルトン、約30,000ダルトン、約20,000ダルトン、約10,000ダルトン、約5,000ダルトン、又は約1,000ダルトンの分子量を有するか、又はこれらの分子量を有する種又は断片に分解することができる。本明細書においては、水力学的体積という用語は、ポリマーと溶媒との相互作用のしやすさとポリマーの分子量に依存してポリマーによって変わり得る、溶液中に存在するときのポリマーコイル(polymer coil)の体積を意味する。
本明細書で述べるコポリマーは、ホスホリルコリンをポリマーに導入するか、ホスホリルコリンをモノマーに導入してホスホリルコリンモノマーを形成し、次いでこのホスホリルコリンモノマーを重合してホスホリルコリンポリマーを形成することによって合成することができる。
本明細書で述べるコーティングは、任意の適切なコーティング構成を有することができる。たとえば、速吸収性又は溶解性のポリマー又は材料は、治療用薬剤を含む貯留層又はマトリックスの上のトップコートとして、コーティング中に含まれることができる。いくつかの実施形態においては、速吸収性ポリマー又は材料は、単独又は別のポリマーと共にコーティングを形成することができる。いくつかの実施形態においては、速吸収性ポリマー又は材料は、少なくとも1種の治療用物質(たとえば薬剤(1種又は複数))を含むことができる。
いくつかの実施形態においては、本明細書で述べる特徴を有するコーティング又はデバイスは、1種又は複数の生物活性薬剤を含むことができる。生物活性薬剤は、治療用、予防用、又は診断用の任意の生物活性薬剤であってよい。これらの薬剤は、抗増殖性又は抗炎症性特性を有することができ、又は抗新生物性、抗血小板性、抗凝血性、抗フィブリン性、抗血栓性、抗有糸分裂性、抗生物性、抗アレルギー性、及び抗酸化性特性等の他の特性を有することができる。これらの薬剤は、細胞増殖抑制剤(cystostatic agent)、酸化窒素放出又は発生剤等の内皮細胞の治癒を促進する薬剤、内皮細胞前駆細胞を誘引する薬剤、又は平滑筋細胞の増殖を抑制する一方で内皮細胞の付着、遊走及び増殖を促進する薬剤(たとえば、CNP、ANP若しくはBNPペプチド等のナトリウム利尿ペプチド、又はRGD若しくはcRGDペプチド)であってよい。適切な治療及び予防剤の例には、合成無機及び有機化合物、タンパク質及びペプチド、多糖及び他の糖類、脂質、及び治療、予防又は診断活性を有するDNA及びRNA核酸配列が含まれる。核酸配列には、遺伝子、相補的DNAと結合して転写を阻害するアンチセンス分子、及びリボザイムが含まれる。他の生物活性薬剤の他の例には、抗体、レセプターリガンド、酵素、付着ペプチド、血液凝固因子、ストレプトキナーゼ及び組織プラスミノーゲンアクチベーター等の阻害剤又は血栓溶解剤、免疫用抗原、ホルモン及び成長因子、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド及びリボザイム等のオリゴヌクレオチド及び遺伝子治療に使用されるレトロウイルスベクターが含まれる。抗増殖剤の例には、ラパマイシン及びその機能的又は構造的誘導体、40−O−(2−ヒドロキシ)エチル−ラパマイシン(エベロリムス)、及びその機能的又は構造的誘導体、パクリタキセル及びその機能的及び構造的誘導体が含まれる。ラパマイシン誘導体の例には、メチルラパマイシン(ABT−578)、40−O−(3−ヒドロキシ)プロピル−ラパマイシン、40−O−[2−(2−ヒドロキシ)エトキシ]エチル−ラパマイシン、及び40−O−テトラゾール−ラパマイシンが含まれる。パクリタキセル誘導体の例には、ドセタキセルが含まれる。抗新生物剤又は抗有糸分裂剤の例には、メトトレキセート、アザチオプリン、ビンクリスチン、ビンブラスチン、フルオロウラシル、ドキソルビシン塩酸塩(たとえばPharmacia & Upjohn社(Peapack、N.J.)のAdriamycin(登録商標))、及びマイトマイシン(たとえばBristol−Myers Squibb社(Stamford、Conn.)のMutamycin(登録商標))が含まれる。前記抗血小板剤、抗凝血剤、抗フィブリン剤、及び抗トロンビン剤の例には、ヘパリンナトリウム、低分子量ヘパリン、ヘパリン類縁体、ヒルジン、アルガトロバン、フォルスコリン、バピプロスト、プロスタサイクリン及びプロスタサイクリンアナログ、デキストラン、D−phe−pro−arg−クロロメチルケトン(合成抗トロンビン)、ジピリダモール、グリコプロテインIIb/IIIa血小板膜レセプターアンタゴニスト抗体、遺伝子組換えヒルジン、Angiomax(Biogen社(Cambridge、Mass.))等のトロンビン阻害剤、カルシウムチャンネルブロッカー(ニフェジピン等)、コルヒチン、線維芽細胞成長因子(FGF)アンタゴニスト、魚油(オメガ3−脂肪酸)、ヒスタミンアンタゴニスト、ロバスタチン(HMG−CoAリダクターゼ阻害剤、コレステロール低下剤、商品名Mevacor(登録商標、Merck社、Whitehouse Station、NJ))、モノクローナル抗体(血小板由来成長因子(PDGF)レセプター特異的抗体等)、ニトロプルシド、ホスホジエステラーゼ阻害剤、プロスタグランジン阻害剤、スラミン、セロトニンブロッカー、ステロイド、チオプロテアーゼ阻害剤、トリアゾロピリミジン(PDGFアンタゴニスト)、酸化窒素又は酸化窒素供与体、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼ、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼ模倣体、4−アミノ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシル(4−アミノ−TEMPO)、エストラジオール、抗癌剤、種々のビタミン等の栄養補助食品、及びそれらの組合せが含まれる。ステロイド及び非ステロイド抗炎症剤を含む抗炎症剤の例には、タクロリムス、デキサメタゾン、クロベタゾール、モメタゾン、それらの組合せが含まれる。前記細胞増殖抑制物質の例には、アンギオペプチン、カプトプリル(たとえばCapoten(登録商標)及びCapozide(登録商標)(Bristol−Myers Squibb社(Stamford、Conn)))、シラザプリル、又はリシノプリル(たとえばPrinivyl(登録商標)及びPrinzide(登録商標)(Merck社、Whitehouse Station、 NJ))等のアンギオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤が含まれる。抗アレルギー剤の例は、ペルミロラストカリウムである。他の適切と思われる治療用物質又は薬剤には、α−インターフェロン、ピメクロリムス、イマチニブメシレート、ミドスタウリン、生物活性RGD、及び遺伝子操作した内皮細胞が含まれる。上記の物質はまた、それらのプロドラッグ又はコドラッグの形態でも用いることができる。上記の物質にはまた、それらの代謝物又は代謝物のプロドラッグが含まれる。上記の物質は例として挙げたものであって、限定を意味するものではない。現在入手可能な、又は将来開発されるであろう他の活性薬剤は同様に応用可能であり、スタチン及びその誘導体又は類似体がある。
本明細書においては、医用デバイスは、患者又は患畜に埋め込むことができる任意の適当な医療用基材であってよい。そのような医用デバイスの例には、自己拡張性ステント、バルーン拡張性ステント、ステントグラフト、グラフト(たとえば大動脈グラフト)、心臓弁プロテーゼ、脳脊髄液シャント、ペースメーカー電極、カテーテル、心臓内リード線(たとえばGuidant社(Santa Clara、CA)から入手可能なFINELINE及びENDOTAK)、吻合用デバイス及びコネクター、スクリュー、脊椎インプラント、及び電気刺激デバイス等の整形外科用インプラントが含まれる。デバイスの基礎構造は実質的にいかなる設計であってもよい。デバイスは、金属材料又は、これらに限定されないが、コバルトクロム合金(ELGILOY)、ステンレス鋼(316L)、高窒素ステンレス鋼、たとえばBIODUR 108、コバルトクロム合金L−605、「MP35N」、「MP20N」、ELASTINITE(Nitinol)、タンタル、ニッケル−チタン合金、白金−イリジウム合金、金、マグネシウム、又はこれらの組合せ等の合金から作られてもよい。「MP35N」及び「MP20N」は、Standard Press Steel社(Jenkintown、PA)から入手可能なコバルト、ニッケル、クロム及びモリブデンの合金の商標名である。「MP35N」は、コバルト35%、ニッケル35%、クロム20%、及びモリブデン10%からなる。「MP20N」は、コバルト50%、ニッケル20%、クロム20%、及びモリブデン10%からなる。本発明の実施形態においては、生体吸収性(たとえば生体吸収性ステント)又は生体安定性ポリマーから作られたデバイスも使用可能である。
好ましくは、医用デバイスはステントである。本明細書で述べるステントは、例として挙げられる胆管、食道、気管/気管支及び他の生物学的通路の腫瘍に起因する閉塞の治療を含む種々の医療処置に有用である。上記のコーティングを有するステントは、脂質の沈着に起因する血管の罹患領域、単球又はマクロファージの浸潤、若しくは内皮細胞の機能不全又はこれらの組合せ、又は平滑筋細胞の異常な若しくは不適切な遊走及び増殖、血栓、並びに再狭窄に起因する血管の閉塞領域の治療に特に有用である。ステントは動脈及び静脈の両方を含む広範囲の血管に配置することができる。配置箇所の代表例には腸骨動脈、腎動脈、頸動脈及び冠状動脈が含まれる。
Claims (28)
- 可溶性又は速吸収性のポリマー又は材料と、
選択により約1%から約20%の間の低分子量ポリマーと
を含む埋込み可能なデバイス上のコーティングであって、
該コーティングは約1μmから約100μmの厚みを有し、該コーティングの約50wt%以上が埋込み後24時間以内に吸収される又は溶解することができる、
コーティング。 - 前記低分子量ポリマーが、約45,000ダルトン未満の重量平均分子量(Mw)を有する、請求項1に記載のコーティング。
- 前記低分子量ポリマーが、約45,000ダルトン未満の重量平均分子量(Mw)を有し、酸性又は塩基性のペンダント基を含む、請求項1に記載のコーティング。
- 前記可溶性又は速吸収性ポリマー又は材料が、イオン性又は非イオン性ポリマーを含む、請求項1に記載のコーティング。
- 前記可溶性又は速吸収性ポリマー又は材料が、ポリ(エチレングリコール)(PEG)、ポリ(ビニルアルコール)(PVA)、ヒアルロン酸、ヒドロキシルセルロース、CMC(カルボキシメチルセルロース)、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(HPMC)、ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリルアミド(HPMA)、ポリ(ブチレンテレフタレート)−co−ポリ(エチレングリコール)(PET−PEG)、ポリ(ブチレンテレフタレート−co−カルボキシメチルセルロース)(PBT−co−CMC)、多糖、ホスホリルコリン単位、キトサン、コラーゲン、PLA、PLGA、PEA、ポリスチレン、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート又はこれらの組合せを含む、請求項1に記載のコーティング。
- 前記可溶性又は速吸収性ポリマー又は材料が、10,000ダルトンから約150,000ダルトンのMwを有する、請求項1に記載のコーティング。
- 前記低分子量ポリマーが、20,000ダルトンを超える重量平均分子量(Mw)を有し、該ポリマーが可溶化によってステントから除去され、次いで組織(血液、腎臓)中にある間に、腎臓での排泄が可能になるように、低分子量に分解するであろう、請求項1に記載のコーティング。
- ホスホリルコリンポリマーを含み、コーティングの約50wt%以上が埋込み後24時間以内に吸収される又は溶解することができる、埋込み可能なデバイス上のコーティング。
- 前記ホスホリルコリンポリマーが、ホスホリルコリンを含むビニルモノマーから誘導される単位を含む、請求項8に記載のコーティング。
- ホスホリルコリンポリマーが、式
(ここで、n及びmは、独立に、約0.01から約0.99の範囲にある)
を有する、請求項8に記載のコーティング。 - ブチル基の一部又は全部が、メチル基、エチル基、他のアルキル基、又はこれらの組合せによって置き換え可能である、請求項10に記載のコーティング。
- n及びmが、約0.5である、請求項11に記載のコーティング。
- 前記ホスホリルコリンポリマーが、ランダム又はブロックコポリマーである、請求項10に記載のコーティング。
- 前記ホスホリルコリンポリマーが、ランダム又はブロックコポリマーである、請求項11に記載のコーティング。
- 前記ホスホリルコリンポリマーが、ランダム又はブロックコポリマーである、請求項12に記載のコーティング。
- 前記ホスホリルコリンポリマーが、少なくとも1つのホスホリルコリン部分と、生体適合性ポリマーから誘導される少なくとも1つの部分を含む、請求項8に記載のコーティング。
- 前記生体適合性ポリマーが、ポリ(エステルアミド)、ポリ(乳酸)、ポリ(グリコール酸)、ポリ(カプロラクトン)、ポリ(ジオキサノン)、又はポリ(エステルアミド−2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−1−ピペリジニルオキシ)(PEA−TEMPO)を含む、請求項16に記載のコーティング。
- 前記埋込み可能なデバイスがステントである、請求項1に記載のコーティング。
- 前記埋込み可能なデバイスがステントである、請求項8に記載のコーティング。
- 前記埋込み可能なデバイスがステントである、請求項11に記載のコーティング。
- 生物活性薬剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のコーティング。
- 生物活性薬剤をさらに含む、請求項8に記載のコーティング。
- 生物活性薬剤をさらに含む、請求項11に記載のコーティング。
- パクリタキセル、ドセタキセル、エストラジオール、酸化窒素供与体、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼ、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼ模倣体、4−アミノ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシル(4−アミノ−TEMPO)、タクロリムス、デキサメタゾン、ラパマイシン、ラパマイシン誘導体、40−O−(2−ヒドロキシ)エチル−ラパマイシン(エベロリムス)、40−O−(3−ヒドロキシ)プロピル−ラパマイシン、40−O−[2−(2−ヒドロキシ)エトキシ]エチル−ラパマイシン、及び40−O−テトラゾール−ラパマイシン、40−エピ−(N1−テトラゾリル)−ラパマイシン(ABT−578)、ピメクロリムス、イマチニブメシレート、ミドスタウリン、クロベタゾール、モメタゾン、CD−34抗体、アブシキシマブ(REOPRO)、前駆細胞捕捉抗体、プロヒーリングドラッグ、これらのプロドラッグ、これらのコドラッグ、又はこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される薬剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のコーティング。
- パクリタキセル、ドセタキセル、エストラジオール、酸化窒素供与体、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼ、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼ模倣体、4−アミノ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシル(4−アミノ−TEMPO)、タクロリムス、デキサメタゾン、ラパマイシン、ラパマイシン誘導体、40−O−(2−ヒドロキシ)エチル−ラパマイシン(エベロリムス)、40−O−(3−ヒドロキシ)プロピル−ラパマイシン、40−O−[2−(2−ヒドロキシ)エトキシ]エチル−ラパマイシン、及び40−O−テトラゾール−ラパマイシン、40−エピ−(N1−テトラゾリル)−ラパマイシン(ABT−578)、ピメクロリムス、イマチニブメシレート、ミドスタウリン、クロベタゾール、モメタゾン、CD−34抗体、アブシキシマブ(REOPRO)、前駆細胞捕捉抗体、プロヒーリングドラッグ、これらのプロドラッグ、これらのコドラッグ、又はこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される薬剤をさらに含む、請求項8に記載のコーティング。
- パクリタキセル、ドセタキセル、エストラジオール、酸化窒素供与体、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼ、スーパーオキシドジスムターゼ模倣体、4−アミノ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン−1−オキシル(4−アミノ−TEMPO)、タクロリムス、デキサメタゾン、ラパマイシン、ラパマイシン誘導体、40−O−(2−ヒドロキシ)エチル−ラパマイシン(エベロリムス)、40−O−(3−ヒドロキシ)プロピル−ラパマイシン、40−O−[2−(2−ヒドロキシ)エトキシ]エチル−ラパマイシン、及び40−O−テトラゾール−ラパマイシン、40−エピ−(N1−テトラゾリル)−ラパマイシン(ABT−578)、ピメクロリムス、イマチニブメシレート、ミドスタウリン、クロベタゾール、モメタゾン、CD−34抗体、アブシキシマブ(REOPRO)、前駆細胞捕捉抗体、プロヒーリングドラッグ、これらのプロドラッグ、これらのコドラッグ、又はこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される薬剤をさらに含む、請求項11に記載のコーティング。
- 請求項24に記載のコーティングを有する埋込み可能なデバイスをヒトに埋め込むことによりヒトを治療する方法であって、
疾患が、アテローム性動脈硬化、血栓、再狭窄、出血、血管の解離又は穿孔、血管動脈瘤、不安定プラーク、慢性完全閉塞、跛行、静脈及び人工グラフトの吻合性増殖、胆管閉塞、尿管閉塞、腫瘍閉塞、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される方法。 - 請求項25に記載のコーティングを有する埋込み可能なデバイスをヒトに埋め込むことによりヒトを治療する方法であって、
疾患が、アテローム性動脈硬化、血栓、再狭窄、出血、血管の解離又は穿孔、血管動脈瘤、不安定プラーク、慢性完全閉塞、跛行、静脈及び人工グラフトの吻合性増殖、胆管閉塞、尿管閉塞、腫瘍閉塞、及びこれらの組合せからなる群から選択される方法。
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JP5936231B2 (ja) | 2016-06-22 |
JP2014111120A (ja) | 2014-06-19 |
EP2705860A1 (en) | 2014-03-12 |
US20080145393A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
WO2008076731A3 (en) | 2009-05-22 |
JP5493230B2 (ja) | 2014-05-14 |
US20140074224A1 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
US20140079742A1 (en) | 2014-03-20 |
EP2136851B1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
US8597673B2 (en) | 2013-12-03 |
WO2008076731A2 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
EP2136851A2 (en) | 2009-12-30 |
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