JP2010038004A - 排ガス浄化装置 - Google Patents
排ガス浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010038004A JP2010038004A JP2008200566A JP2008200566A JP2010038004A JP 2010038004 A JP2010038004 A JP 2010038004A JP 2008200566 A JP2008200566 A JP 2008200566A JP 2008200566 A JP2008200566 A JP 2008200566A JP 2010038004 A JP2010038004 A JP 2010038004A
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- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 121
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】排ガス浄化装置10は、複数の多岐管のすべてが合流した集合部を有する排気マニホールド30と、排気マニホールド30の直下流に設けられた触媒コンバータ40とを備える。触媒コンバータ40は、上流側に収容された上流触媒43と、上流触媒43の下流に収容された下流触媒45とを有する。上流触媒43は、担体、担体上に位置しPdを含む上流第1層、上流第1層上に位置しRhを含む上流第2層、及び上流第2層上に位置しPdを含む上流第3層を含み、下流触媒45は、担体、担体上に位置しPdを含む下流第1層、及び下流第1層上に位置しPt及びRhを含む下流第2層を含む。集合部は、上流から順に、下流側へと幅が順次狭まる所定長さの整流路35、及び整流路35に設けられたネック部33を介して触媒コンバータ40に連通する。
【選択図】図2
Description
前記内燃機関の排気ポートに設けられる複数の多岐管、及びこれら多岐管のすべてが合流した集合部を有する排気マニホールドと、この排気マニホールドの直下流に設けられた触媒コンバータと、を備え、
前記触媒コンバータは、上流側に収容された上流触媒と、この上流触媒の下流に収容された下流触媒と、を有し、
前記上流触媒は、担体と、この担体上に位置しPdを含む上流第1層と、この上流第1層上に位置しRhを含む上流第2層と、この上流第2層上に位置しPdを含む上流第3層と、を含み、
前記下流触媒は、担体と、この担体上に位置しPdを含む下流第1層と、この下流第1層上に位置しPt及びRhを含む下流第2層と、を含み、
前記集合部は、上流から順に、排ガスを整流し下流側へと幅が順次狭まる所定長さの整流路、及びこの整流路に設けられたネック部を介して前記触媒コンバータに連通する排ガス浄化装置。
このようにして、高温の排ガスがその旋回及び拡散を抑制された状態で上流触媒にあてられるため、上流触媒の全体に亘って効率的に行き届き、この結果、上流触媒は迅速に昇温し、浄化反応を開始させる。
他方、上記構成を採用したことで、高温の排ガスが触媒の一部に局所的にあてられるため、熱による触媒の劣化が懸念される。しかし、(1)の発明によれば、上流触媒及び下流触媒は、耐熱性に優れるため、熱による劣化を抑制するとともに、NOx、NMOG、HC、CO等を同時に浄化する。従って、充分な排ガス浄化性能を維持でき且つ貴金属の使用量を低減できる。
このようにして、高温の排ガスがその旋回及び拡散が抑制された状態で上流触媒にあてられるため、上流触媒の全体に亘って効率的に行き届き、この結果、上流触媒は迅速に昇温し、浄化反応を開始させる。
また、上流触媒及び下流触媒は、耐熱性に優れるため、熱による劣化を抑制するとともに、NOx、NMOG、HC、CO等を同時に浄化する。従って、充分な排ガス浄化性能を維持でき且つ貴金属の使用量を低減できる。
エンジンのクランクシャフトに設けられたクランク角センサ(図示せず)でクランク角を計測しつつ、LAFセンサ37により排ガス全体の空燃比に対する、クランクの往復(180°)回ごとに排出される排ガスの空燃比の寄与度の変化を算出した。
排気マニホールドのネック部分に設けられた温度センサ(図示せず)で排ガス温度を計測し、この排ガス温度を1℃上げるのに必要な熱量を算出した。この結果を図9に示す。
次に、本発明及び従来例1〜2の排ガス浄化装置を搭載した車両をLA4モードで走行させ、この間に排出されたNMOG及びNOx量を計測した。この結果を図10及び図11にそれぞれ示す。また、エンジン回転数(NE)、点火時期(IGLOG、算出方法は特開2004−346915号公報等を参照)、車速(VP)、及び上流触媒温度(CAT温)の関係を図12に示す。
20 多岐管
30 排気マニホールド
31 集合部
33 ネック部
35 整流路
37 LAFセンサ
40 触媒コンバータ
43 上流触媒
431 担体
433 上流第1層
435 上流第2層
437 上流第3層
45 下流触媒
451 担体
453 下流第1層
455 下流第2層
Claims (6)
- 内燃機関から排出される排ガスを浄化する排ガス浄化装置であって、
前記内燃機関の排気ポートに設けられる複数の多岐管、及びこれら多岐管のすべてが合流した集合部を有する排気マニホールドと、この排気マニホールドの直下流に設けられた触媒コンバータと、を備え、
前記触媒コンバータは、上流側に収容された上流触媒と、この上流触媒の下流に収容された下流触媒と、を有し、
前記上流触媒は、担体と、この担体上に位置しPdを含む上流第1層と、この上流第1層上に位置しRhを含む上流第2層と、この上流第2層上に位置しPdを含む上流第3層と、を含み、
前記下流触媒は、担体と、この担体上に位置しPdを含む下流第1層と、この下流第1層上に位置しPt及びRhを含む下流第2層と、を含み、
前記集合部は、上流から順に、排ガスを整流し下流側へと幅が順次狭まる所定長さの整流路、及びこの整流路に設けられたネック部を介して前記触媒コンバータに連通する排ガス浄化装置。 - 前記整流路は、前記触媒コンバータ側に屈曲されている請求項1記載の排ガス浄化装置。
- 上流第1層及び/又は上流第2層では、酸素貯蔵材からなる支持体上にPd又はRhが担持されている請求項1又は2記載の排ガス浄化装置。
- 前記上流触媒は、上流第3層に卑金属酸化物を更に含む請求項1から3いずれか記載の排ガス浄化装置。
- 前記下流第1層では、酸素貯蔵材からなる支持体上にPdが担持されている請求項1から4いずれか記載の排ガス浄化装置。
- 前記上流第2層及び/又は前記下流第2層では、支持体上に、Ba、Ca、Mg、及びSrからなる群より選ばれる1種以上からなる金属の非還元性金属酸化物が被覆され、更にRhが担持されている請求項1から5いずれか記載の排ガス浄化装置。
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US13/057,116 US8601802B2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2009-07-31 | Exhaust gas purifying device |
EP09804922.4A EP2322775B1 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2009-07-31 | Exhaust gas purifying device |
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EP2322775A1 (en) | 2011-05-18 |
US20110126528A1 (en) | 2011-06-02 |
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