JP2009542884A - 内燃機関用潤滑油・燃料組合せパッケージ - Google Patents
内燃機関用潤滑油・燃料組合せパッケージ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2009542884A JP2009542884A JP2009518895A JP2009518895A JP2009542884A JP 2009542884 A JP2009542884 A JP 2009542884A JP 2009518895 A JP2009518895 A JP 2009518895A JP 2009518895 A JP2009518895 A JP 2009518895A JP 2009542884 A JP2009542884 A JP 2009542884A
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- oil
- lubricating oil
- weight
- carbon atoms
- Prior art date
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- Granted
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/02—Well-defined hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
本発明は、燃焼機関に組合せ使用するための潤滑油及び燃料に関し、更に詳しくは本発明は、内燃圧縮点火機関に使用するための潤滑油・燃料パッッケージに関する。
ここ数十年来、輸送及びその他のエネルギー発生手段のため、内燃機関、特に圧縮点火エンジンは、ますます広範に使用されてきた。圧縮点火エンジンは、1982年に最初の圧縮点火エンジンを発明したルドルフ・ディーゼルの名前に因んで更に“ディーゼルエンジン”と言われている。このエンジンは、ヨーロッパでは乗用車用に、世界的には重量物用に、また効率が高いことから定置動力発生用に採用された主なタイプのエンジンの中でも特徴を有する。
したがって、本発明は、(i)n、n+1、n+2、n+3及びn+4個の炭素原子を有する一連の複数のイソパラフィン、及び/又は(ii)n、n+2及びn+4個の炭素原子を有するが、n+1及びn+3個(但し、以上のnは15〜40)の炭素原子を持たない一連の複数のイソパラフィンを含有する基油を含む潤滑油と、パラフィン含有量が80重量%を超え、かつ飽和物含有量が98重量%を超えるパラフィン系ガス油成分を5〜100重量%含む燃料組成物とを組合せたディーゼルエンジン用潤滑油・燃料組成物組合せパッケージに関する。
図面の詳細な説明
本発明は、燃焼が間欠的な圧縮点火内燃機関、即ち、ディーゼルエンジン、レシプロエンジン、ロータリーエンジン(Wankelエンジンとも言われる)及び同様に設計されたエンジンを潤滑するために使用される潤滑油の相乗的組合せに関し、同時に該エンジンの運転に使用される燃料に関する。
このようなパラフィン系ガス油は、フィッシャー・トロプシュ合成法、特に沸点範囲がガス油及び/又はケロシンのものから得ることが好ましい。パラフィン系ガス油は、フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導ガス油、又はそれらのブレンドが好ましい。
ガス油成分の成分は、一般のディーゼル燃料(“ガス油”)範囲内の沸点、即ち、約150〜400℃又は170〜370℃の沸点を有することが好ましい。通常は、300〜370℃の90%w/w蒸留温度を有する。
n(CO+2H2)=(−CH2−)n+nH2O+熱
所望ならば、2:1以外の水素:一酸化炭素比を使用してよい。一酸化炭素及び水素、自体は、有機又は無機で、天然又は合成の供給源、通常、天然ガス、又は有機的に誘導したメタンのいずれかから誘導してよい。
・WO−A−94/33805:低硫黄燃料の潤滑性を強化するための低温流れ改良剤
・WO−A−94/17160:ディーゼルエンジン噴射システムの摩擦低下用燃料添加物として、カルボン酸(炭素原子数2〜50)とアルコール(炭素原子数1以上)との特定のエステル、特にグリセロールモノオレエート及びジ−イソデシルアジペートを含有する。
・US−A−5490864:低硫黄ディーゼル燃料用耐摩耗潤滑性添加物として特定のジチオ燐酸ジエステル−ジアルコール
・WO−A−98/01516:特に低硫黄ディーゼル燃料に耐摩耗潤滑性効果を与えるための、芳香族核に結合した少なくとも1つのカルボキシル基を有する特定のアルキル芳香族化合物
特記しない限り、添加剤含有燃料組成物中の各添加成分の(活性分)濃度は、好ましくは10000ppmw以下、更に好ましくは0.1〜1000ppmw、有利には0.1〜300ppmwの範囲、例えば0.1〜150ppmwの範囲である。
Ni、重量% 2.5〜3.5
Cu、重量% 0.25〜0.35
Al2O3−SiO2重量% 65〜75
Al2O3(バインダー)重量% 25〜30
表面積 290〜325m2/g
細孔容積(Hg) 0.35〜0.45ml/g
嵩密度 0.58〜0.68g/ml
フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導基油とPAO誘導基油との混合物も同様に使用できることは明らかである。
基油の流動点は好ましくは−30℃未満である。
本発明のパッケージに使用される潤滑油の粘度指数は、好ましくは100〜600、更に好ましくは110〜200、なお更に好ましくは120〜150の範囲である。
本発明を以下の非限定的実施例により更に説明する。
燃料組成物
下記2種の自動車用ガス油組成物を製造した。フィッシャー・トロプシュ自動車用ガス油(F−T AGO)ブレンドは、R655潤滑性向上剤及びSTADIS 450帯電防止剤を250mg/kg含有するベース燃料(S040990)からなる。従来の自動車用ガス油(鉱物AGO)は、ヨーロッパEN590規格に適合する硫黄含有量50ppm燃料である。この燃料コードは、DKI 703である.これら2種の燃料の組成を表1に示す。
潤滑油配合物を製造した。この試験のため、潤滑油組成物に採用した基油は、APIグループIII基油である。
第一の基油(BO1)は、原料としてシェルSMDS Bintulu(Bintulu,マレーシア)で得られたフィッシャー・トロプシュ蝋状ラフィネートを用いた完全(100%)フィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導基油である。この原料に対し溶剤脱蝋工程を行って、100℃での動粘度が5.0cStの基油を得た。比較用は、YuBaseグループIIIスレートのヒドロ蝋供給原料(燃料の水素化分解器塔底物としても知られる)から誘導した2種の鉱物誘導基油、詳しくはYuBase 4(BO2成分1)及びYuBase 6(BO2成分2)(両方ともSK Base Oils,Ulsan,韓国からの市販品)である。このブレンドの100℃での動粘度は5.0cStである。
このフィッシャー・トロプシュ基油ブレンドは、Vk100C及び−30℃での低温クランク粘度(VdCCS)についてはYuBaseブレンドと同等であった。フィッシャー・トロプシュ基油は、100℃での動粘度(Vk100℃)及びVdCCSではYubase同類物よりも些細なほど低かったとしても、Noack蒸発量では僅かに低かった。
MANユーロ3重質エンジンの窒素酸化物排出データ:
図1に、潤滑油を15時間予備催色(pre−degreening)させ、更にエンジンを85時間運転した(即ち、合計運転時間100時間)後、測定したNOx排出量の単純比較を示す。(催色は、添加剤の耐摩耗成分が部分的に分解して金属表面上に付着し、また基油の最も揮発し易い軽量端部が蒸発する場合の潤滑油安定化方法である。)マイル表示距離の累積及び排出量試験の両方の基準として13モードヨーロッパ固定(stationary)サイクルを選択した。この試験ではエンジンは、均等の出力配分で一連の定常状態のモードに亘ってエンジン動力計上で試験される。エンジンを各モードで所定時間操作し、最初の20秒内でエンジン速度及び荷重の変化を完了させる。特定の速度を±50rpm以内に維持し、特定のトルクをこの試験速度で最大トルクの±2%以内に維持する。各モード中で排出量を測定し、一組の加重ファクターを用いてこのサイクルに亘って平均する。粒状物質排出物をフィルター上で13モードに亘って採取する。最終排出量の結果をg/kW時で表す。
Claims (12)
- (i)n、n+1、n+2、n+3及びn+4個の炭素原子を有する連続系の複数のイソパラフィン、及び/又は(ii)n、n+2及びn+4個の炭素原子を有するが、n+1及びn+3個(但し、以上のnは15〜40)の炭素原子を持たない連続系の複数のイソパラフィンを含有する基油を含む潤滑油と、パラフィン含有量が80重量%を超え、かつ飽和物含有量が98重量%を超えるパラフィン系ガス油成分を含む燃料組成物とを組合せたディーゼルエンジン用潤滑油・燃料組合せパッケージ。
- 前記パラフィン系ガス油成分が、n、n+1、n+2、n+3及びn+4個(但し、nは8〜25)の炭素原子を有する一連のイソパラフィンを含有する請求項1に記載の潤滑油・燃料組合せパッケージ。
- 前記ガス油がフィッシャー・トロプシュ誘導ガス油である請求項1又は2に記載の潤滑油・燃料組合せパッケージ。
- 前記基油の100℃での動粘度が3〜25mm2/sである請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の潤滑油・燃料組合せパッケージ。
- 前記燃料組成物におけるイソパラフィン対n−パラフィンの質量比は、パラフィンの炭素数がC8からC18に増大するのに従って一般に増大し、前記燃料は硫黄を0.05%m/m未満及び芳香族を10質量%未満含有する請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の潤滑油・燃料組合せパッケージ。
- 前記燃料は、パラフィン系分子1個あたり平均1個を超えるアルキル分岐鎖を有する請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の潤滑油・燃料組合せパッケージ。
- 前記燃料のイソパラフィン含有量が50重量%以上である請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の潤滑油・燃料組合せパッケージ。
- 前記燃料のセタン価が65以上である請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のパッケージ。
- (a)潤滑油組成物を有するディーゼルエンジンと、(b)該ディーゼルエンジンに接続した、パラフィン系ガス油成分含有燃料組成物を有する燃料分配兼貯蔵システムとを備えた運動及び熱エネルギー発生用エンジン集成装置であって、該エンジン潤滑油は、パラフィンを80重量%を超える量含有し、飽和物を98重量%を超える量含有し、更にn、n+1、n+2、n+3及びn+4個(但し、nは15〜40)の炭素原子を有する一連の複数のイソパラフィンを含有すると共に、100℃での動粘度が3〜8mm2/sである基油又は基材を含む該集成装置。
- 請求項9に記載のエンジン集成装置を備えた輸送用車両、水ポンプ又は定置動力発生機。
- ディーゼルエンジンを、パラフィン含有量が80重量%を超え、かつ飽和物含有量が98重量%を超えるパラフィン系ガス油成分を含む燃料組成物で操作する工程、及び該エンジンを潤滑油組成物で潤滑する工程を含む、排気窒素酸化物ガスの排出が少ない動力発生方法であって、該潤滑油組成物は、パラフィンを80重量%超える量含有し、飽和物を98重量%超える量含有し、更に(i)n、n+1、n+2、n+3及びn+4個の炭素原子を有する一連の複数のイソパラフィン、及び/又は(ii)n、n+2及びn+4個の炭素原子を有するが、n+1及びn+3個(但し、以上のnは15〜40)の炭素原子を持たない一連の複数のイソパラフィンを含有する基油又は基材を含む該方法。
- エンジン排ガス中の窒素酸化物の排出を少なくするため、請求項1〜8に記載の潤滑油・燃料組合せパッケージを使用する方法。
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JP2014515428A (ja) * | 2011-05-30 | 2014-06-30 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ | 液体燃料組成物 |
JP2021529242A (ja) * | 2018-07-02 | 2021-10-28 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイShell Internationale Research Maatschappij Besloten Vennootshap | 液体燃料組成物 |
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- 2007-07-12 US US12/373,079 patent/US20090209793A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2010537035A (ja) * | 2007-08-31 | 2010-12-02 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ | 潤滑油の内燃機関への使用 |
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JP2021529242A (ja) * | 2018-07-02 | 2021-10-28 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイShell Internationale Research Maatschappij Besloten Vennootshap | 液体燃料組成物 |
JP7357016B2 (ja) | 2018-07-02 | 2023-10-05 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ | 液体燃料組成物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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MX2009000304A (es) | 2009-01-26 |
JP5546857B2 (ja) | 2014-07-09 |
WO2008006876A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
CA2657268A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
MX2009000306A (es) | 2009-01-26 |
WO2008006877A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
RU2009104700A (ru) | 2010-08-20 |
RU2446204C2 (ru) | 2012-03-27 |
RU2009104697A (ru) | 2010-08-20 |
JP2009542885A (ja) | 2009-12-03 |
RU2464302C2 (ru) | 2012-10-20 |
BRPI0714243A2 (pt) | 2013-03-12 |
BRPI0714247A2 (pt) | 2013-03-12 |
KR20090030338A (ko) | 2009-03-24 |
US20090277409A1 (en) | 2009-11-12 |
KR20090036586A (ko) | 2009-04-14 |
AU2007274276A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
US20090209793A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
EP2038384A1 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
CA2657242A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
AU2007274277A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
EP2038383A1 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
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