JP2009500205A - 層状フィルム組成物、それらから調製した包装および使用方法 - Google Patents
層状フィルム組成物、それらから調製した包装および使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009500205A JP2009500205A JP2008520433A JP2008520433A JP2009500205A JP 2009500205 A JP2009500205 A JP 2009500205A JP 2008520433 A JP2008520433 A JP 2008520433A JP 2008520433 A JP2008520433 A JP 2008520433A JP 2009500205 A JP2009500205 A JP 2009500205A
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- film composition
- ethylene
- package
- inner layer
- film
- Prior art date
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- Pending
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
- B26F1/24—Perforating by needles or pins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/027—Thermal properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B1/00—Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
- B65B1/20—Reducing volume of filled material
- B65B1/24—Reducing volume of filled material by mechanical compression
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
Description
本出願は2005年7月8日出願の仮出願第60/697,915号の利益を主張し、この仮出願は参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
(a)各層に適する熱可塑性ポリマーもしくはポリマー配合物を選択し、
(b)該熱可塑性ポリマーもしくは配合物からブローンもしくはキャストフィルムを形成し、該ブローンもしくはキャストフィルムは少なくとも3つの層を含み、
(c)該ブローンもしくはキャストフィルムを穿孔処理して穿孔フィルム組成物を形成する
ことを含み、
該フィルムの少なくとも1つの層は内層であり、該内層は、該内層の反対の表面に位置する少なくとも2つの外層のそれぞれの軟化および/もしくは溶融温度と比較して、より低い軟化および/もしくは溶融温度を有し、かつ該フィルムの層は共通の中心を有する穿孔を有し、並びに
該フィルムが高温に晒されるとき、該少なくとも1つの内層は、圧縮力への露出で、増加した湿気障壁を該フィルム組成物に付与するのに十分な数の穿孔が該内層において密封されるような程度まで軟化もしくは溶融する方法に対して提供される。
a)粉末状物品を適切な最大収容力の包装に加えて充填された包装を形成し、該包装は少なくとも3つの層を含む穿孔フィルム組成物から形成され、該少なくとも3つの層の少なくとも1つの層は内層であり、該内層は、該内層の反対の表面に位置する少なくとも2つの外層のそれぞれの軟化および/もしくは溶融温度と比較して、より低い軟化および/もしくは溶融温度を有し、かつ該フィルム組成物の層は共通の中心を有する穿孔を有し、
b)該包装に、該少なくとも1つの内層を軟化もしくは部分的に溶融させるのに十分な温度を施し、
c)該充填された包装に圧縮力を施す
ことを含む方法に対して提供する。
内層および外層は様々な熱可塑性ポリマーから調製することができる。各層の樹脂の選択は、その層の位置、樹脂の軟化および/もしくは溶融温度並びに連続する層間の接着力に依存する。
内層の材料は、外層のそのような温度と比較して、比較的低い軟化温度もしくはVicat軟化および/または比較的低い溶融温度を有さなければならない。内層の材料は、典型的には、外層の材料よりも弾性である。この層に適するポリマーの例には、これらに限定されるものではないが、ポリエチレン系ポリマー、例えば、AFFINITY(商標)およびFLEXOMER(商標)、並びにポリプロピレン系ポリマー、例えば、VERSIFY(商標)ポリマーが含まれる(全てThe DOW Chemical Company製)。ポリオレフィン系以外のポリマー系を内層に用いることもできる。内層は1種類のポリマーもしくは2種類以上のポリマー、例えば、ポリマー配合物を含有することができる。
外層の材料は、高温および圧力への露出の際、フィルム組成物の構造的一体性を維持しなければならない。適切な材料にはポリエチレンホモポリマーおよびインターポリマーが含まれる。典型的には、外層の材料は内層の材料よりも高い剛性を有する。そのようなポリマーの例には、これらに限定されるものではないが、ポリエチレン系ポリマー、例えば、DOWLEX(商標)およびELITE(商標)並びにポリプロピレン系ポリマー、例えば、INSPIRE(商標)が含まれる(全てThe DOW Chemical Company製)。各々の外層は1種類のポリマーもしくは2種類以上のポリマー、例えば、ポリマー配合物を含有することができる。
本発明のフィルム組成物は、各層を製造するのに適する熱可塑性ポリマーを選択し、各層のフィルムを形成し、およびそれらの層を接合するか、または1つ以上の層を共押出もしくは流し込み成形することによって調製することができる。最終フィルム組成物を穿孔処理して通気性フィルムを形成する。望ましくは、フィルム層は、フィルム間の界面領域全体にわたって連続的に接合する。穿孔処理機構には、これらに限定されるものではないが、ピン付きローラー(pinned roller)、平板化ピン(plated pin)およびレーザ技術が含まれる。
フィルム組成物内の穿孔の配置は変化し、そのフィルム組成物の最終用途に依存する。フィルム組成物のシートはそのシート内の指定された領域に穿孔を有し得る。指定される領域はいかなるサイズおよび形状であってもよい。これらの指定された領域内で、穿孔は様々な形状で存在することができ、その形状には、これらに限定されるものではないが、ある領域の特定の軸に沿った穿孔サイズ勾配、ある領域の特定の軸に沿った穿孔密度勾配、並びに異なる形状および/もしくはサイズの穿孔勾配が含まれる。
本明細書に列挙されるいかなる数値範囲も下方値から上方値までの全ての値を、いずれの下方値といずれの上方値との間にも少なくとも2単位の隔たりが存在するという条件で、1単位の増分で含む。例として、成分の量、または組成上の、もしくは物理的な特性の値、例えば、配合成分の量、軟化温度、メルトインデックス等が1〜100であると記載される場合、全ての個別の値、例えば、1、2、3等、および全ての下位範囲、例えば、1〜20、55〜70、197〜100等が本明細書において明示的に列挙されることが意図される。1未満の値については、1単位を、適宜、0.0001、0.001、0.01もしくは0.1とみなす。これらは明確に意図されていることの例であり、列挙される下方値および上方値の間の数値の全てのあり得る組み合わせが本出願において明示的に記載されるものとみなされる。本明細書で考察されるように、Vicat軟化点、DSC溶融温度、細孔もしくは穿孔サイズ、フィルム厚、メルトインデックス、メルトフローレート、重量平均分子量、分子量分布、結晶化度パーセント、密度、成分の重量パーセント、圧力および他の特性を参照する上で数値範囲が列挙されている。
各試験内の具体的な試験パラメータは用いられるポリマーもしくはポリマー配合物に依存する。以下の試験の幾つかでは、ポリオレフィン樹脂を代表するものとして示される試験パラメータが記述される。ある試験の特定のパラメータは本発明の範囲を限定しようとするものではない。当業者は試験パラメータの特定の組の限度を理解し、他のタイプのポリマーおよび配合物に適するパラメータを決定することができる。
M(ポリエチレン)=A×[M(ポリスチレン)]B
(式中、Mは分子量であり、Aは0.4315の値を有し、かつBは1.0に等しい)。
Mn=ΣniMi/Σni=w/Σ(wi/Mi)
(式中、
ni=分子量Miの分子の数
w=物質の総重量、および
Σni=分子の合計数)
概観
3層フィルム組成物を、内層としての低密度ポリマーおよび異なる外(スキン)層ポリマーを用いて調製した。内層に適するポリマーには、これらに限定されるものではないが、AFFINITY(商標)もしくはVERSIFY(商標)ポリマーが含まれる。外層に適するポリマーには、これらに限定されるものではないが、INSPIRE(商標)、DOWLEX(商標)およびELITE(商標)ポリマーが含まれる。これらのフィルム組成物はブローンもしくはキャスト製造手順によって調製した。これらのフィルムを、通気性にするため、小孔で穿孔処理し、その後、それらのフィルムをオーブン内で、異なる時間、指定された温度で加熱した。特定のフィルムに、金属ロールもしくはロールミルの使用により、圧縮力を施した。そのような力は各々のフィルムを熱的に処理した直後に印加した。各フィルムの耐圧性を、水圧試験を用いて、フィルムに上記力のうちの1つを施した後に試験した。
この研究において用いたポリマー樹脂を表1に示す。列挙される樹脂の全てが1種類以上の処理添加物および1種類以上の安定化剤を含有した。A18樹脂はスリップおよび粘着防止添加物も含有した。
代表的なブローンおよびキャストフィルム組成物を、それぞれ表2および3に列挙される、以下の溶融処理条件を用いて形成した。
各フィルムの20cm×20cm試料を、2cm毎の距離内に10の針穿刺のラインが作製された20cm×20cm木材プラークを用いて、100個の孔で穿孔処理した。
ブローンおよびキャストフィルム試料(20cm×20cm)を、オーブン内、120℃で、異なる時間:5、10、15分間熱処理した。各時間間隔の最後に、フィルムを4.3kg重金属ローラーでプレスした。各試料をローラーで10回を上回ってロール掛けした。熱処理はされたがローラーによるプレスはされていない試料が参照として役割を果たした。試料に印加されたロールあたりの推定圧力は約43kPaであった。
包装ラインの圧縮挙動をシミュレートするため、フィルム試料に適切な温度および圧縮力を施すのにロールミルを用いた。ブローンおよびキャストフィルム試料を2つの断片に切断し、これらの断片を隣接する表面を着けて積み重ね、ロールミルに入れた。厚みが100μm未満の試料ではロールミルを完全に閉鎖することができなかった。ロールミルは(平均で)約110μmのギャップを有した。ロールミルの温度は90℃〜120℃の範囲であり、5℃の増分で上昇させた。ロールミルはフィルムの熱処理に用い、それに対して圧縮力の印加はフィルム組成物内の穿孔の閉鎖に用いた。ロールミルによって生成される推定圧力は50kPaであった。
各々の研究について、フィルム試料(試験表面:100cm2)を、ISO 1420 A1(圧力増加60mbar/分、100cm2の面積、23℃での測定)に従い、ハイドロヘッド設備で試験した。この試験の最大水圧は23℃で60mbar/分であった。各フィルムに水圧の定常的な上昇を施し、フィルム組成物内の3つの穿孔が開放された後、その圧力を記録した。
8つのキャストフィルム組成物を120℃(オーブン)で5、10および15分間熱処理した。これらの試料には圧縮力を施さなかった。各々の熱処理の後、フィルム試料を最大水圧耐性について、上で論じられるように、ハイドロヘッド試験を用いて試験した。
キャストフィルム、フィルム#B.c(AT溶融=160℃、BT溶融=100℃、BT vicat=80℃)に、ロールミルを用いて、圧縮力および高温(90℃および120℃)を施した。表8に示される圧力結果は、フィルムにより高い温度を施したとき、試料の穿孔がより高い圧力の下で再開放されることを示す。
Claims (37)
- 少なくとも3つの層を含む穿孔フィルム組成物(a perforated film composition)であって、少なくとも1つの層が内層であり、前記内層は、前記内層の反対の表面に位置する、少なくとも2つの外層のそれぞれの軟化および/もしくは溶融温度と比較してより低い軟化および/もしくは溶融温度を有し、並びに
前記フィルム組成物が高温に晒されたとき、前記少なくとも1つの内層が、圧縮力への露出で、増加した湿気障壁(moisture barrier)を前記フィルム組成物に付与するのに十分な数の穿孔が前記内層において密封されるような程度まで軟化もしくは溶融し、並びに
前記フィルム組成物の前記層が共通の中心を有する穿孔を有するフィルム組成物。 - フィルム組成物の湿気障壁がハイドロヘッド水圧試験ISO 1420A1を用いて決定される、請求項1に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 外層の各々が内層の表面に隣接する、請求項1に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 少なくとも1つの内層が少なくとも2つの外層のそれぞれの軟化点よりも少なくとも20℃低いビカット(Vicat)軟化点を有する、請求項1に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 高温への露出および圧縮力への露出を同時に行う、請求項1に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 穿孔が、個々に、100ミクロン以上のサイズのものである、請求項1に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 湿気障壁が、ハイドロヘッド水圧試験(ISO 1420 A1)による決定で、10mbar〜21.5mbarの圧力で維持される、請求項6に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 少なくとも1つの内層が20℃〜150℃のVicat軟化点を有する熱可塑性樹脂を含む、請求項1に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 熱可塑性樹脂がプロピレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマー、エチレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマーおよびそれらの配合物(blends thereof)からなる群より選択される、請求項8に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 熱可塑性樹脂がエチレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマーもしくはそれらの配合物である、請求項9に記載のフィルム組成物。
- エチレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマーもしくはそれらの配合物が、エチレンおよび1−オクテン、エチレンおよび1−ブテン、エチレンおよび1−ヘキセン、エチレンおよび1−ペンテン、エチレンおよび1−ヘプテン、エチレンおよびプロピレン、エチレンおよび4−メチルペンテン−1並びにそれらの混合物(mixtures thereof)からなる群より選択されるモノマーから形成されるコポリマーを含む、請求項10に記載のフィルム組成物。
- エチレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマーもしくはそれらの配合物が1g/10分〜100g/10分のメルトインデックス(I2)を有する、請求項11に記載のフィルム組成物。
- エチレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマーが1〜50グラム/10分のメルトインデックス、0.86〜0.920グラム/cm3の密度および2〜10の分子量分布、Mw/Mnを有する、請求項10に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 少なくとも1つの外層が、プロピレンホモポリマー、プロピレンインターポリマー、エチレンホモポリマー、エチレンインターポリマーおよびそれらの配合物からなる群より選択される熱可塑性樹脂である、請求項11に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 熱可塑性樹脂がエチレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマーもしくはそれらの配合物である、請求項14に記載のフィルム組成物。
- エチレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマーもしくはそれらの配合物が、エチレンおよび1−オクテン、エチレンおよび1−ブテン、エチレンおよび1−ヘキセン、エチレンおよび1−ペンテン、エチレンおよび1−ヘプテン、エチレンおよびプロピレン、エチレンおよび4−メチルペンテン−1並びにそれらの混合物からなる群より選択されるモノマーから形成されるコポリマーを含む、請求項15に記載のフィルム組成物。
- エチレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマーもしくはそれらの配合物が0.1g/10分〜100g/10分のメルトインデックス(I2)を有する、請求項16に記載のフィルム組成物。
- エチレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマーが0.2〜50グラム/10分のメルトインデックス、0.900〜0.940グラム/ccの密度および1.5〜5の分子量分布、Mw/Mnを有する、請求項16に記載のフィルム組成物。
- GPPS、HIPS、ABS、SAN、ナイロン、スチレンブロックコポリマーもしくはそれらの混合物を含む層をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 内層が熱伝達剤を含む、請求項1に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 請求項1に記載のフィルム組成物から調製される包装。
- フィルム組成物が少なくとも20m3/時の空気透過率を有する、請求項21に記載の包装。
- フィルム組成物が50ミクロン〜250ミクロンの厚みを有する、請求項21に記載の包装。
- 1kg〜100kgの最大収容力(capacity)を有する、請求項21の包装。
- 2つ以上の継ぎ目を含有し、かつ前記包装の表面内の1つ以上の指定された領域に穿孔を含有する、請求項21に記載の包装。
- 前記包装の表面上に圧縮力を及ぼす装置から受ける圧縮力が最大である、1つ以上の指定された領域内に穿孔が局在する、請求項25に記載の包装。
- 少なくとも3つの層を含む穿孔フィルム組成物の形成方法であって、
(a)各層に適する熱可塑性ポリマーもしくはポリマー配合物を選択し、
(b)前記熱可塑性ポリマーもしくは配合物からブローンもしくはキャストフィルム組成物を形成し、前記ブローンもしくはキャストフィルムは少なくとも3つの層を含み、
(c)前記ブローンもしくはキャストフィルムを穿孔処理して穿孔フィルム組成物を形成する
ことを含み、
前記フィルム組成物の少なくとも1つの層は内層であり、前記内層は、前記内層の反対の表面に位置する少なくとも2つの外層のそれぞれの軟化および/もしくは溶融温度と比較して、より低い軟化および/もしくは溶融温度を有し、かつ前記フィルム組成物の前記層は共通の中心を有する穿孔を有し、並びに
前記フィルム組成物が高温に晒されるとき、前記少なくとも1つの内層は、圧縮力への露出で、増加した湿気障壁を前記フィルム組成物に付与するのに十分な数の穿孔が前記内層において密封されるような程度まで軟化もしくは溶融する方法。 - 包装に粉末状物品を充填する方法であって、
a)粉末状物品を適切な最大収容力の包装に加えて、充填された包装を形成し、前記包装は少なくとも3つの層を含む穿孔フィルム組成物から形成され、前記少なくとも3つの層の少なくとも1つの層は内層であり、前記内層は、前記内層の反対の表面に位置する少なくとも2つの外層のそれぞれの軟化および/もしくは溶融温度と比較して、より低い軟化および/もしくは溶融温度を有し、かつ前記フィルム組成物の前記層は共通の中心を有する穿孔を有し、
b)前記包装に、前記少なくとも1つの内層を軟化もしくは部分的に溶融させるのに十分な温度を施し、並びに
c)前記充填された包装に圧縮力を施す
ことを含む方法。 - 充填された包装に圧縮力を施した後に充填された包装を密封することをさらに含む、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 穿孔が包装の1つ以上の指定された領域に局在し、かつ前記1つ以上の指定された領域が包装の表面上に圧縮力を及ぼす装置からの最大圧縮力を受ける、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 穿孔が、個々に、1000ミクロン以下のサイズのものである、請求項1に記載のフィルム組成物。
- 1つ以上の指定された領域が包装の1つ以上の水平方向に平坦な表面内に位置する、請求項25に記載の包装。
- 穿孔が、1つ以上の指定された領域内で均一に間隔を置く、請求項32に記載の包装。
- 穿孔が、1つ以上の指定された領域の各々の長軸方向中点に沿ってより高い密度にある、請求項32に記載の包装。
- 1つ以上の指定された領域が包装の表面の長軸方向中点に沿って各々位置し、かつ各々の領域が包装の幅の半分未満の幅を有する、請求項32に記載の包装。
- 前記装置が一対の垂直に位置するローラーである、請求項26に記載の包装。
- 前記装置が一連の2対以上の垂直に位置するローラーである、請求項26に記載の包装。
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JP2016041250A (ja) * | 2011-09-01 | 2016-03-31 | 2266170オンタリオ・インコーポレイテッド2266170 Ontario Inc. | 多層材料及び容器並びにその作製方法 |
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JP2015163461A (ja) * | 2014-01-29 | 2015-09-10 | サン・トックス株式会社 | ポリオレフィン系無延伸多層フィルム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2007008753A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
CA2614337A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
KR101281506B1 (ko) | 2013-07-08 |
ES2551304T3 (es) | 2015-11-17 |
RU2427467C2 (ru) | 2011-08-27 |
AU2006269226A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
US20080202075A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
EP1904304B1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
MY148274A (en) | 2013-03-29 |
BRPI0615521A2 (pt) | 2011-05-17 |
MX2008000173A (es) | 2008-04-07 |
TW200709931A (en) | 2007-03-16 |
US8263206B2 (en) | 2012-09-11 |
EP1904304A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 |
CN101232997A (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
TWI458637B (zh) | 2014-11-01 |
KR20080034914A (ko) | 2008-04-22 |
CN101232997B (zh) | 2012-12-12 |
RU2008104810A (ru) | 2009-08-20 |
AR057443A1 (es) | 2007-12-05 |
CA2614337C (en) | 2013-07-02 |
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