JP2009215260A - 有機光電変換材料および有機薄膜光電変換素子 - Google Patents
有機光電変換材料および有機薄膜光電変換素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009215260A JP2009215260A JP2008062955A JP2008062955A JP2009215260A JP 2009215260 A JP2009215260 A JP 2009215260A JP 2008062955 A JP2008062955 A JP 2008062955A JP 2008062955 A JP2008062955 A JP 2008062955A JP 2009215260 A JP2009215260 A JP 2009215260A
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
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Abstract
Description
(2) 前記一般式1において、Dで表される電子供与性芳香族置換基がN,N−二置換アニリンの部分構造を有する(1)に記載の光電変換材料。
(3) 前記一般式1が下記一般式2で表される(2)に記載の光電変換材料。
上記(1)〜(3)に記載の前記光電変換材料が昇華精製されたものが好ましい。
(4) 2つの電極層と有機薄膜光電変換層を有してなる有機薄膜光電変換素子であって、(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の有機光電変換材料を光電変換層に用いた有機薄膜光電変換素子。
(5) 前記光電変換層が(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の有機光電変換材料と、n型有機半導体材料とを含んでなる請求項4に記載の光電変換素子。
(6) 前記光電変換層が、(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の有機光電変換材料と、n型有機半導体材料を含むブレンド膜を有してなる請求項5に記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
(7) 前記n型有機半導体材料がフラーレン誘導体、フタロシアニン類、ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸誘導体、ペリレンテトラカルボン酸誘導体よりなる群のいずれかから選ばれる(5)または(6)に記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
(8) 前記n型有機半導体材料がフラーレン誘導体である(5)〜(7)のいずれかに記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
(9) 前記光電変換層の成膜方法が溶液塗布法(湿式プロセス)である(4)〜(8)のいずれかに記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。湿式プロセスがスピンコート法であることが好ましい。
(10) 前記溶液塗布における溶媒が沸点135℃以上300℃未満の溶媒を少なくとも一種含む(9)に記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
(11) 前記電極層のうちの1つと有機光電変換層との間に導電性ポリマーを含むバッファ層を有する(4)〜(10)のいずれかに記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
(12) 素子作製後に不活性雰囲気下で封止された(4)〜(11)のいずれかに記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
(1)ハロゲン原子
例えば、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子
直鎖、分岐、環状の置換もしくは無置換のアルキル基を表す。それらは、(2−a)〜(2−e)なども包含するものである。
好ましくは炭素数1から30のアルキル基(例えばメチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、t−ブチル、n−オクチル、エイコシル、2−クロロエチル、2−シアノエチル、2−エチルヘキシル)
好ましくは、炭素数3から30の置換または無置換のシクロアルキル基(例えば、シクロヘキシル、シクロペンチル、4−n−ドデシルシクロヘキシル)
好ましくは、炭素数5から30の置換もしくは無置換のビシクロアルキル基(例えば、ビシクロ[1,2,2]ヘプタン−2−イル、ビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン−3−イル)
好ましくは、炭素数7から30の置換もしくは無置換のトリシクロアルキル基(例えば、1−アダマンチル)
なお、以下に説明する置換基の中のアルキル基(例えばアルキルチオ基のアルキル基)はこのような概念のアルキル基を表すが、さらにアルケニル基、アルキニル基も含むこととする。
直鎖、分岐、環状の置換もしくは無置換のアルケニル基を表す。それらは、(3−a)〜(3−c)を包含するものである。
好ましくは炭素数2から30の置換または無置換のアルケニル基(例えば、ビニル、アリル、プレニル、ゲラニル、オレイル)
好ましくは、炭素数3から30の置換もしくは無置換のシクロアルケニル基(例えば、2−シクロペンテン−1−イル、2−シクロヘキセン−1−イル)
置換または無置換のビシクロアルケニル基、好ましくは、炭素数5から30の置換もしくは無置換のビシクロアルケニル基(例えば、ビシクロ[2,2,1]ヘプト−2−エン−1−イル、ビシクロ[2,2,2]オクト−2−エン−4−イル)
好ましくは、炭素数2から30の置換もしくは無置換のアルキニル基(例えば、エチニル、プロパルギル、トリメチルシリルエチニル基)
好ましくは、炭素数6から30の置換もしくは無置換のアリール基(例えばフェニル、p−トリル、ナフチル、m−クロロフェニル、o−ヘキサデカノイルアミノフェニル、フェロセニル)
好ましくは、5または6員の置換もしくは無置換の、芳香族もしくは非芳香族のヘテロ環化合物から一個の水素原子を取り除いた一価の基であり、さらに好ましくは、炭素数2から50の5もしくは6員の芳香族のヘテロ環基である。
(例えば、2−フリル、2−チエニル、2−ピリミジニル、2−ベンゾチアゾリル。なお、1−メチル−2−ピリジニオ、1−メチル−2−キノリニオのようなカチオン性のヘテロ環基でも良い)
好ましくは、炭素数6から30の置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシ基(例えば、フェノキシ、2−メチルフェノキシ、4−t−ブチルフェノキシ、3−ニトロフェノキシ、2−テトラデカノイルアミノフェノキシ)
好ましくは、炭素数3から30のシリルオキシ基(例えば、トリメチルシリルオキシ、t−ブチルジメチルシリルオキシ)
好ましくは、炭素数2から30の置換もしくは無置換のヘテロ環オキシ基(例えば、1−フェニルテトラゾール−5−オキシ、2−テトラヒドロピラニルオキシ)
好ましくはホルミルオキシ基、炭素数2から30の置換もしくは無置換のアルキルカルボニルオキシ基、炭素数6から30の置換もしくは無置換のアリールカルボニルオキシ基(例えば、ホルミルオキシ、アセチルオキシ、ピバロイルオキシ、ステアロイルオキシ、ベンゾイルオキシ、p−メトキシフェニルカルボニルオキシ)
好ましくは、炭素数1から30の置換もしくは無置換のカルバモイルオキシ基(例えば、N,N−ジメチルカルバモイルオキシ、N,N−ジエチルカルバモイルオキシ、モルホリノカルボニルオキシ、N,N−ジ−n−オクチルアミノカルボニルオキシ、N−n−オクチルカルバモイルオキシ)
好ましくは、炭素数2から30の置換もしくは無置換アルコキシカルボニルオキシ基(例えばメトキシカルボニルオキシ、エトキシカルボニルオキシ、t−ブトキシカルボニルオキシ、n−オクチルカルボニルオキシ)
好ましくは、炭素数7から30の置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシカルボニルオキシ基(例えば、フェノキシカルボニルオキシ、p−メトキシフェノキシカルボニルオキシ、p−n−ヘキサデシルオキシフェノキシカルボニルオキシ)
好ましくは、アミノ基、炭素数1から30の置換もしくは無置換のアルキルアミノ基、炭素数6から30の置換もしくは無置換のアニリノ基(例えば、アミノ、メチルアミノ、ジメチルアミノ、アニリノ、N−メチル−アニリノ、ジフェニルアミノ)
好ましくは、アンモニオ基、炭素数1から30の置換もしくは無置換のアルキル、アリール、ヘテロ環が置換したアンモニオ基(例えば、トリメチルアンモニオ、トリエチルアンモニオ、ジフェニルメチルアンモニオ)
好ましくは、ホルミルアミノ基、炭素数1から30の置換もしくは無置換のアルキルカルボニルアミノ基、炭素数6から30の置換もしくは無置換のアリールカルボニルアミノ基(例えば、ホルミルアミノ、アセチルアミノ、ピバロイルアミノ、ラウロイルアミノ、ベンゾイルアミノ、3,4,5−トリ−n−オクチルオキシフェニルカルボニルアミノ)
好ましくは、炭素数1から30の置換もしくは無置換のアミノカルボニルアミノ(例えば、カルバモイルアミノ、N,N−ジメチルアミノカルボニルアミノ、N,N−ジエチルアミノカルボニルアミノ、モルホリノカルボニルアミノ)
好ましくは、炭素数2から30の置換もしくは無置換アルコキシカルボニルアミノ基(例えば、メトキシカルボニルアミノ、エトキシカルボニルアミノ、t−ブトキシカルボニルアミノ、n−オクタデシルオキシカルボニルアミノ、N−メチルーメトキシカルボニルアミノ)
好ましくは、炭素数7から30の置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシカルボニルアミノ基(例えば、フェノキシカルボニルアミノ、p−クロロフェノキシカルボニルアミノ、m−n−オクチルオキシフェノキシカルボニルアミノ)
好ましくは、炭素数0から30の置換もしくは無置換のスルファモイルアミノ基(例えば、スルファモイルアミノ、N,N−ジメチルアミノスルホニルアミノ、N−n−オクチルアミノスルホニルアミノ)
好ましくは,炭素数1から30の置換もしくは無置換のアルキルスルホニルアミノ、炭素数6から30の置換もしくは無置換のアリールスルホニルアミノ(例えば、メチルスルホニルアミノ、ブチルスルホニルアミノ、フェニルスルホニルアミノ、2,3,5−トリクロロフェニルスルホニルアミノ、p−メチルフェニルスルホニルアミノ)
好ましくは、炭素数1から30の置換もしくは無置換のアルキルチオ基(例えばメチルチオ、エチルチオ、n−ヘキサデシルチオ)
好ましくは、炭素数6から30の置換もしくは無置換のアリールチオ(例えば、フェニルチオ、p−クロロフェニルチオ、m−メトキシフェニルチオ)
好ましくは、炭素数2から30の置換または無置換のヘテロ環チオ基(例えば、2−ベンゾチアゾリルチオ、1−フェニルテトラゾール−5−イルチオ)
好ましくは、炭素数0から30の置換もしくは無置換のスルファモイル基(例えば、N−エチルスルファモイル、N−(3−ドデシルオキシプロピル)スルファモイル、N,N−ジメチルスルファモイル、N−アセチルスルファモイル、N−ベンゾイルスルファモイル、N−(N’−フェニルカルバモイル)スルファモイル)
好ましくは、炭素数1から30の置換または無置換のアルキルスルフィニル基、炭素数6から30の置換または無置換のアリールスルフィニル基(例えば、メチルスルフィニル、エチルスルフィニル、フェニルスルフィニル、p−メチルフェニルスルフィニル)
好ましくは、炭素数1から30の置換もしくは無置換のアルキルスルホニル基、炭素数6から30の置換もしくは無置換のアリールスルホニル基、例えば、メチルスルホニル、エチルスルホニル、フェニルスルホニル、p−メチルフェニルスルホニル)
好ましくは、ホルミル基、炭素数2から30の置換もしくは無置換のアルキルカルボニル基、炭素数7から30の置換もしくは無置換のアリールカルボニル基、炭素数4から30の置換もしくは無置換の炭素原子でカルボニル基と結合しているヘテロ環カルボニル基(例えば、アセチル、ピバロイル、2−クロロアセチル、ステアロイル、ベンゾイル、p−n−オクチルオキシフェニルカルボニル、2−ピリジルカルボニル、2−フリルカルボニル)
好ましくは、炭素数7から30の置換もしくは無置換のアリールオキシカルボニル基(例えば、フェノキシカルボニル、o−クロロフェノキシカルボニル、m−ニトロフェノキシカルボニル、p−t−ブチルフェノキシカルボニル)
好ましくは、炭素数2から30の置換もしくは無置換アルコキシカルボニル基(例えば、メトキシカルボニル、エトキシカルボニル、t−ブトキシカルボニル、n−オクタデシルオキシカルボニル)
好ましくは、炭素数1から30の置換もしくは無置換のカルバモイル(例えば、カルバモイル、N−メチルカルバモイル、N,N−ジメチルカルバモイル、N,N−ジ−n−オクチルカルバモイル、N−(メチルスルホニル)カルバモイル)
好ましくは、炭素数6から30の置換もしくは無置換のアリールアゾ基、炭素数2から30の置換もしくは無置換のヘテロ環アゾ基(例えば、フェニルアゾ、p−クロロフェニルアゾ、5−エチルチオ−1,3,4−チアジアゾール−2−イルアゾ)
好ましくは、N−スクシンイミド、N−フタルイミド
好ましくは、炭素数2から30の置換もしくは無置換のホスフィノ基(例えば、ジメチルホスフィノ、ジフェニルホスフィノ、メチルフェノキシホスフィノ)
好ましくは、炭素数2から30の置換もしくは無置換のホスフィニル基(例えば、ホスフィニル、ジオクチルオキシホスフィニル、ジエトキシホスフィニル)
好ましくは、炭素数2から30の置換もしくは無置換のホスフィニルオキシ基(例えば、ジフェノキシホスフィニルオキシ、ジオクチルオキシホスフィニルオキシ)
好ましくは、炭素数2から30の置換もしくは無置換のホスフィニルアミノ基(例えば、ジメトキシホスフィニルアミノ、ジメチルアミノホスフィニルアミノ)
好ましくは、炭素数3から30の置換もしくは無置換のシリル基(例えば、トリメチルシリル、トリエチルシリル、トリイソプロピルシリル、t−ブチルジメチルシリル、フェニルジメチルシリル)
好ましくは炭素数0から30の置換もしくは無置換のヒドラジノ基(例えば、トリメチルヒドラジノ)
好ましくは炭素数0から30の置換もしくは無置換のウレイド基(例えばN,N−ジメチルウレイド)
以下に本発明を実施例に基づき詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載した要旨内において様々な変形・変更が可能である。
[比較例1]
実施例1と同様の条件で比較化合物のDCM−1(分子量887)の昇華精製を試みたが、熱分解物を伴わずに昇華させることはできなかった。
化合物1の代わりにP3HTまたはDCM−1を用いる以外は全く同様にして作製し、全く同様の条件で評価した素子の太陽電池特性は、表1に示すように、いずれも本発明の素子と比べて光電変換性能が低かった。
表1
12 電極層
13 光電変換層
14 電極層
Claims (12)
- 前記一般式1において、Dで表される電子供与性芳香族置換基がN,N−二置換アニリンの部分構造を有する請求項1に記載の光電変換材料。
- 2つの電極層と有機薄膜光電変換層を有してなる有機薄膜光電変換素子であって、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の有機光電変換材料を光電変換層に用いた有機薄膜光電変換素子。
- 前記光電変換層が請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の有機光電変換材料と、n型有機半導体材料とを含んでなる請求項4に記載の光電変換素子。
- 前記光電変換層が、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の有機光電変換材料と、n型有機半導体材料を含むブレンド膜を有してなる請求項5に記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
- 前記n型有機半導体材料がフラーレン誘導体、フタロシアニン類、ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸誘導体、ペリレンテトラカルボン酸誘導体よりなる群のいずれかから選ばれる請求項5または6に記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
- 前記n型有機半導体材料がフラーレン誘導体である請求項5〜7のいずれかに記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
- 前記光電変換層の成膜方法が溶液塗布法である請求項4〜8のいずれかに記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
- 前記溶液塗布における溶媒が沸点135℃以上300℃未満の溶媒を少なくとも一種含む請求項9に記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
- 前記電極層のうちの1つと有機光電変換層との間に導電性ポリマーを含むバッファ層を有する請求項4〜10のいずれかに記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
- 素子作製後に不活性雰囲気下で封止された請求項4〜11のいずれかに記載の有機薄膜光電変換素子。
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