JP2009172593A - 自動車排気浄化用粉体、それを用いた自動車排気浄化用触媒、及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
自動車排気浄化用粉体、それを用いた自動車排気浄化用触媒、及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009172593A JP2009172593A JP2008333130A JP2008333130A JP2009172593A JP 2009172593 A JP2009172593 A JP 2009172593A JP 2008333130 A JP2008333130 A JP 2008333130A JP 2008333130 A JP2008333130 A JP 2008333130A JP 2009172593 A JP2009172593 A JP 2009172593A
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- powder
- automobile exhaust
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- cation
- oxide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
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Abstract
【解決手段】酸化物微結晶粒子からなる粉体であって、最表面が酸素イオン層により構成された活性な結晶面からなり、前記粒子の最表面を構成する結晶面が斜方立方八面体又は擬斜方立方八面体を形成している酸化物微結晶粒子が50質量%以上を占めていることを特徴とする自動車排気浄化用粉体。
【選択図】なし
Description
前記酸化物微結晶粒子を合成する際の反応開始から超臨界状態に到達するまでの時間が1分以内であり、且つ前記原料溶液のpHが2〜7の範囲内にあることを特徴とする方法である。本発明において、前記陽イオンの塩と前記有機物質との比(モル比)は5:1〜1:60であることが好ましい。
前記酸化物微結晶粒子を合成する際の反応開始から超臨界状態に到達するまでの時間が1分以内であり、且つ前記原料溶液のpHが2〜7の範囲内にあることを特徴とする方法である。
前述の図1に示す製造装置を用いて自動車排気浄化用粉体を製造した。すなわち、先ず、0.01Mの酢酸セリウム1水和物と0.2Mのへキサン酸とを含有する原料溶液を調製した。なお、得られた原料溶液のpHは4であった。次に、圧力調整機18により系内を25MPaに保持した。そして、原料溶液収納容器10からポンプ14を用いて20mL/minの流量で供給管13内に前記原料溶液を供給した。
先ず、0.01Mの硝酸セリウム6水和物と0.2Mのへキサン酸とを含有する原料溶液を調製した。なお、得られた原料溶液のpHは1.5であった。そして、得られた原料溶液を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして自動車排気浄化用粉体を製造した。
先ず、0.01Mの酢酸セリウム1水和物と0.2Mのへキサン酸とを含有する原料溶液を調製した。なお、得られた原料溶液のpHは4であった。そして、このような原料溶液を内容積5mlの密閉型反応容器(管型オートクレーブ)に、2mlを仕込み、予め400℃に加熱した加熱炉に反応容器を入れて加熱した。昇温には1.5分を要し、10分間反応させた後、室温まで冷却し、得られた粉体を遠心分離して水、エタノールで洗浄した。
実施例1及び比較例1、2で得られた粉体の酸素貯蔵放出能(OSC)を以下の方法で評価した。
実施例1及び比較例1、2で得られた粉体に白金を担持せしめて得られる触媒の触媒活性を以下の方法で評価した。
Claims (17)
- 酸化物微結晶粒子からなる粉体であって、最表面が酸素イオン層により構成された活性な結晶面からなり、前記粒子の最表面を構成する結晶面が斜方立方八面体又は擬斜方立方八面体を形成している酸化物微結晶粒子が50質量%以上を占めていることを特徴とする自動車排気浄化用粉体。
- 前記斜方立方八面体又は擬斜方立方八面体が、(001)面と、(112)面と、(110)面、(210)面及び(310)面のうちのいずれか一つの面と、結晶学的にこれらの面と等価の面とを有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体。
- 前記擬斜方立方八面体における結晶学的に等価な結晶面の最大面と最小面との面積比(最大面の面積/最小面の面積)が1/1〜10/1の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体。
- 前記酸化物微結晶粒子を構成する陽イオンが複数の原子価を取り得る元素の陽イオンであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のうちのいずれか一項に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体。
- 前記酸化物微結晶粒子を構成する陽イオンがセリウム、プラセオジム、サマリウム、ユウロピウム、テルビウム及びニオブからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの元素の陽イオンであることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のうちのいずれか一項に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体。
- 前記酸化物微結晶粒子を構成する陽イオンが、セリウムの陽イオンと、セリウム以外の希土類元素及びジルコニウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの第二成分の陽イオンとを含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜5のうちのいずれか一項に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体。
- 前記第二成分がランタン、イットリウム、ジルコニウム及びネオジムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の酸化物微結晶粒子からなる自動車排気浄化用粉体。
- 前記粒子の最表面を構成する結晶面が斜方立方八面体又は擬斜方立方八面体を形成している酸化物微結晶粒子が2〜20nmの範囲内の平均粒径を有するものであることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のうちのいずれか一項に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体。
- 前記粒子の最表面を構成する結晶面が斜方立方八面体又は擬斜方立方八面体を形成している酸化物微結晶粒子が単分散ナノ結晶粒子であることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のうちのいずれか一項に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体。
- 請求項1〜9のうちのいずれか一項に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体と、前記粉体の表面に担持された触媒活性種とを備えることを特徴とする自動車排気浄化用触媒。
- 前記触媒活性種が遷移元素の酸化物及び貴金属からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つであることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の触媒。
- 超臨界状態の水の反応場において、酸化物微結晶粒子を構成する陽イオンの塩と有機物質とを含有する原料溶液を用いて酸化物微結晶粒子を合成する自動車排気浄化用粉体の製造方法であって、
前記酸化物微結晶粒子を合成する際の反応開始から超臨界状態に到達するまでの時間が1分以内であり、且つ前記原料溶液のpHが2〜7の範囲内にあることを特徴とする自動車排気浄化用粉体の製造方法。 - 前記陽イオンの塩がセリウム、プラセオジム、サマリウム、ユウロピウム、テルビウム及びニオブからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの元素の陽イオンの塩であることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体の製造方法。
- 前記陽イオンの塩が、セリウムの陽イオンの塩と、セリウム以外の希土類元素及びジルコニウムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの第二成分の陽イオンの塩とを含有することを特徴とする請求項12又は13に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体の製造方法。
- 前記第二成分がランタン、イットリウム、ジルコニウム及びネオジムからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体の製造方法。
- 前記陽イオンの塩が、前記陽イオンとの酢酸塩であることを特徴とする請求項12〜15のうちのいずれか一項に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体の製造方法。
- 前記陽イオンの塩と前記有機物質との比(モル比)が5:1〜1:60であることを特徴とする請求項12〜16のうちのいずれか一項に記載の自動車排気浄化用粉体の製造方法。
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