JP2009076755A - 希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法及び希土類系ボンド磁石の製造方法 - Google Patents
希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法及び希土類系ボンド磁石の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2009076755A JP2009076755A JP2007245618A JP2007245618A JP2009076755A JP 2009076755 A JP2009076755 A JP 2009076755A JP 2007245618 A JP2007245618 A JP 2007245618A JP 2007245618 A JP2007245618 A JP 2007245618A JP 2009076755 A JP2009076755 A JP 2009076755A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rare earth
- sintered magnet
- magnet
- manufacturing
- powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 SmCo 5 Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000767 Tm alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005280 amorphization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000938 samarium–cobalt magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
- B22F3/1007—Atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/047—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy comprising intermetallic compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0266—Moulding; Pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
- B22F2003/1054—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by microwave
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2202/00—Physical properties
- C22C2202/02—Magnetic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/0555—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0557—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/0555—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0558—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 pressed, sintered or bonded together bonded together
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0578—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together bonded together
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法において、希土類元素−遷移金属系の合金粉末及び添加剤からなる混合物を圧縮成形し、その成形品にマイクロ波を照射して、希土類元素−遷移金属系の合金粉末を発熱させて焼結させる。
【選択図】なし
Description
この問題に対し、特許文献1には、大型炉を用いない焼結炉の外周囲にコイルを配置した高周波誘導加熱を行い温度分布の均一化を図る方法が記載されている。
請求項6の発明は、請求項1〜5のいずれか1に記載の希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法において、前記窒化工程では、窒素を含む雰囲気ガスの圧力を0.1〜5MPaにしたことを要旨とする。
(1)希土類系磁石粉末
本発明のR−TM系合金を構成する希土類元素は、Y(イットリウム)と、ランタノイド元素(La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Pm、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb及びLu)等を好適に用いることができる。特に、Pr、NdまたはSmを用いると、著しく磁気特性を高めることができる。また、2種以上の希土類元素を組合せることにより、残留磁束密度と保持力を向上させることができる。
磁石粉末の粒径としては、平均粒径2〜150μmが好ましい。2μm未満では、酸化されやすい他、形成工程も配向時に凝集し磁気特性の向上が得られず、磁気特性が低いものとなる。また、平均粒径が150μmを超える場合には、磁場をかけて磁化方向を揃えながら成形する際に、粒子が所望の磁化方向に向かず、磁気特性の低下を引き起こす。
(2)添加剤
添加剤は、特に限定されないが、界面活性剤、カップリング剤、滑剤、離型剤、難燃剤、安定剤、無機充填剤や顔料等を用いることができる。この添加剤は、金型へ充填するための流動性、磁場をかけて磁化方向を揃えるための滑り性、金型から取り出す際の離型性、成形品のハンドリングを良好するための強度向上、あるいは、焼結体の収縮率を調整するための密度調整を示すものであればよく、複数種類の添加剤を組合わせて用いてもよい。
(3)混合
上記希土類系磁石粉末及び添加剤をアトライター、ヘンシェルミキサー又はVブレンダー等で混合分散させることにより、成形用磁石粉末を作成することが好ましく良好な磁気特性、特に高配向な稀土類焼結磁石を得ることができる。
(4)圧縮成形(成形工程)
磁場を印加するための電磁石を金型に具備したプレス装置を用い、成形用磁石粉末を金型内に充填し、10kOe(エルステッド)以上の磁場中又は無磁場中で、10ton以上の圧力で圧縮成形する。
(5)焼結
圧縮成形が終了すると、本実施形態では、得られた成形品に対してマイクロ波を照射することで希土類系磁石粉末を焼結させる。このように希土類磁石粉末を選択的且つ急速に自己発熱させることによって、750〜1200℃まで数分で昇温する。希土類磁石粉末の自己発熱により生じた熱によって、磁石粉末は瞬時に焼結する。このとき、試料全体が均一に昇温することにより、未焼結部のない高強度の希土類系焼結磁石を得ることができる。また、マイクロ波照射により数分で所定温度まで昇温することができるので、処理時間を短縮化するとともに合金粉末の酸化、分解を防ぎ不純物の析出を抑制することができる。
このとき、窒化のみにとどめボンド用磁石粉末として使用することは可能であるが、平均粒径100μm以上になると表面のみの窒化にとどまり、目的とする磁気特性は得られない。そのため、窒素中加圧中において焼結し、熱処理を施すこと(均質化処理工程)により、窒素原子を結晶格子間の安定な場所に移動し、さらに優れた磁気特性を持つSm−Fe−N系焼結磁石を得ることができる。
(6)冷却処理
マイクロ波照射を行なった後、希土類系磁石粉末を焼結させた成形品の冷却処理を行う。即ち、マイクロ波の照射を終了すると、希土類磁石粉末自身は迅速に冷却されるものの、多少の酸化は免れない。これに対し、マイクロ波の照射出力を低下さながら、冷却させる方法も試みたが、ある出力以下になると酸化反応が優先的になり僅かであるが磁気特性の低下が見られる。このため、真空引き、或いは窒素、アルゴンガス等の不活性ガス中にて室温まで冷却する必要があり、外部冷却を併用して行うことも場合によって好ましい。
(1)上記実施形態では、希土類磁石粉末及び添加剤からなる混合物を圧縮成形し、成形品にマイクロ波を照射する。これにより、希土類磁石粉末を選択的に自己発熱させ、磁石粉末を焼結させることができるので、試料全体を均一に昇温し、未焼結部分を無くすことにより機械的強度を良好にすることができる。
(2)上記実施形態では、希土類磁石粉末を焼結させた成形品を、真空又は不活性ガス中で冷却するので、希土類磁石粉末の酸化を抑制し、良好な磁気特性を維持することができる。
(3)上記実施形態では、成形品に照射されるマイクロ波の周波数を、1GHz以上30GHz以下の範囲とする。このため、低周波で発生しやすいアーク放電を抑制することができる。また、周波数が高すぎることにより所望する温度以上に加熱されてしまうことを防止し、成形品を所望の温度範囲に加熱することができる。
(4)上記実施形態では、窒素雰囲気下且つ0.1〜5Mpaの加圧下で、成形品に対してマイクロ波を照射することにより、希土類磁石粉末の窒化と希土類磁石粉末の焼結とを同時に行うことを可能とした。このため、窒化工程と焼結とを別に行う場合と比較して、処理時間を短縮化することができる。
(5)上記実施形態では、希土類磁石粉末の平均粒径を、2〜150μmにした。このため、磁石の表面積が大きくなることによる磁石の酸化を抑制するとともに、磁化方向を揃えながら成形する際に粒子を所望の磁化方向に揃えることができる。
Claims (7)
- 希土類元素−遷移金属系の合金粉末に対し、所定形状の成形品にする成形工程と、
前記成形品を、真空又は不活性ガス中においてマイクロ波を照射し、前記合金粉末を焼結する焼結工程と
を有することを特徴とする希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法。 - 請求項1に記載の希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法において、
前記焼結工程は、窒素原子を含む雰囲気下でマイクロ波を照射し、結晶格子間に窒素原子を侵入させる窒化工程を経て、焼結が行われることを特徴とする希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法において、
それぞれの工程の後に、前記希土類系焼結磁石を不活性ガス中において加熱する均質化処理工程を行うことを特徴とする希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法。 - 請求項1〜3のいずれか1に記載の希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法において、
前記合金粉末に照射するマイクロ波は、1GHz以上、30GHz以下であることを特徴とする希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法。 - 請求項1〜4のいずれか1に記載の希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法において、
前記合金粉末の平均粒径が、2〜90μmであることを特徴とする希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法。 - 請求項2〜5のいずれか1に記載の希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法において、
前記窒化工程では、窒素を含む雰囲気ガスの圧力を0.1〜5MPaにしたことを特徴とする希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法。 - 請求項1〜6のいずれか1に記載の希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法で製造した希土類系焼結磁石を、化学粉砕あるいは機械粉砕により平均粒径が5〜90μmの稀土類系磁石粉末にし、その稀土類系磁石粉末と樹脂バインダー又は金属バインダーを混合し、圧縮成形若しくは射出成型して希土類ボンド磁石にすることを特徴とする希土類系ボンド磁石の製造方法。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007245618A JP5039878B2 (ja) | 2007-09-21 | 2007-09-21 | 希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法及び希土類系ボンド磁石の製造方法 |
US12/283,624 US20090081067A1 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2008-09-12 | Method of fabricating rare-earth sintered magnet and method of fabricating rare-earth bonded magnet |
CNA2008101491876A CN101447330A (zh) | 2007-09-21 | 2008-09-19 | 制备稀土烧结磁体的方法和制备稀土粘结磁体的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007245618A JP5039878B2 (ja) | 2007-09-21 | 2007-09-21 | 希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法及び希土類系ボンド磁石の製造方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009076755A true JP2009076755A (ja) | 2009-04-09 |
JP5039878B2 JP5039878B2 (ja) | 2012-10-03 |
Family
ID=40471850
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007245618A Expired - Fee Related JP5039878B2 (ja) | 2007-09-21 | 2007-09-21 | 希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法及び希土類系ボンド磁石の製造方法 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090081067A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5039878B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101447330A (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2631919A2 (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2013-08-28 | JTEKT Corporation | Method of manufacturing magnet, and magnet |
JP2013219353A (ja) * | 2012-04-05 | 2013-10-24 | Gm Grobal Technology Operations Llc | 構造および成分の分布が制御された焼結磁石の製造方法 |
KR20160078645A (ko) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-05 | 주식회사 포스코 | R-t-b계 소결자석 제조방법 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008283141A (ja) * | 2007-05-14 | 2008-11-20 | Seiko Instruments Inc | 希土類磁石粉末の製造方法及び希土類ボンド磁石の製造方法 |
CN101882504B (zh) * | 2009-11-06 | 2014-01-08 | 金浦威恩磁业(上海)有限公司 | 各向异性稀土磁体光波微波烧结方法 |
CN102294471A (zh) * | 2010-06-24 | 2011-12-28 | 曹水秀 | Nd-Fe-B永磁体的制造方法 |
CN104942289A (zh) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-09-30 | 长春工业大学 | 使用助烧剂对合金粉末颗粒进行放电等离子烧结的方法 |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0492870A (ja) * | 1990-08-06 | 1992-03-25 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | セラミックスの焼結方法 |
JPH0585816A (ja) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-04-06 | Tokin Corp | Ni−Zn系フエライトの製造方法 |
JPH05135978A (ja) * | 1991-11-14 | 1993-06-01 | Seiko Epson Corp | 希土類磁石の製造方法 |
JPH1025165A (ja) * | 1996-07-11 | 1998-01-27 | Kyocera Corp | セラミック加熱装置 |
JP2000103608A (ja) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-11 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | 窒化チタンの製造方法 |
JP2001035714A (ja) * | 1999-05-19 | 2001-02-09 | Toshiba Corp | ボンド磁石とボンド磁石の製造方法、およびそれを用いたアクチュエータ |
JP2001058873A (ja) * | 1999-08-20 | 2001-03-06 | Kubota Corp | 二硼化チタンセラミックス焼結体およびその製造方法 |
JP2001151575A (ja) * | 1999-11-26 | 2001-06-05 | Kyocera Corp | 窒化アルミニウム質焼結体の製造方法 |
JP2003183764A (ja) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-07-03 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 希土類焼結磁石の製造方法 |
JP2006156853A (ja) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-15 | Tdk Corp | 希土類磁石 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2933386A (en) * | 1956-08-01 | 1960-04-19 | Rca Corp | Method of sintering and nitriding ferrous bodies |
GB9217760D0 (en) * | 1992-08-21 | 1992-10-07 | Martinex R & D Inc | Permanent manget material containing a rare-earth element,iron,nitrogen & carbon |
US6183689B1 (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 2001-02-06 | Penn State Research Foundation | Process for sintering powder metal components |
DE60030190T2 (de) * | 1999-03-15 | 2007-07-19 | Canon K.K. | Harzbeschichteter Träger, Entwickler vom Zweikomponententyp und Bilderzeugungsverfahren |
JP3951525B2 (ja) * | 1999-11-25 | 2007-08-01 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 薄帯状磁石材料、薄帯状磁石材料の製造方法、磁石粉末および希土類ボンド磁石 |
-
2007
- 2007-09-21 JP JP2007245618A patent/JP5039878B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-09-12 US US12/283,624 patent/US20090081067A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-09-19 CN CNA2008101491876A patent/CN101447330A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0492870A (ja) * | 1990-08-06 | 1992-03-25 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | セラミックスの焼結方法 |
JPH0585816A (ja) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-04-06 | Tokin Corp | Ni−Zn系フエライトの製造方法 |
JPH05135978A (ja) * | 1991-11-14 | 1993-06-01 | Seiko Epson Corp | 希土類磁石の製造方法 |
JPH1025165A (ja) * | 1996-07-11 | 1998-01-27 | Kyocera Corp | セラミック加熱装置 |
JP2000103608A (ja) * | 1998-09-30 | 2000-04-11 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | 窒化チタンの製造方法 |
JP2001035714A (ja) * | 1999-05-19 | 2001-02-09 | Toshiba Corp | ボンド磁石とボンド磁石の製造方法、およびそれを用いたアクチュエータ |
JP2001058873A (ja) * | 1999-08-20 | 2001-03-06 | Kubota Corp | 二硼化チタンセラミックス焼結体およびその製造方法 |
JP2001151575A (ja) * | 1999-11-26 | 2001-06-05 | Kyocera Corp | 窒化アルミニウム質焼結体の製造方法 |
JP2003183764A (ja) * | 2001-12-14 | 2003-07-03 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 希土類焼結磁石の製造方法 |
JP2006156853A (ja) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-15 | Tdk Corp | 希土類磁石 |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2631919A2 (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2013-08-28 | JTEKT Corporation | Method of manufacturing magnet, and magnet |
JP2013175651A (ja) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-09-05 | Jtekt Corp | 磁石の製造方法および磁石 |
US9601246B2 (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2017-03-21 | Jtekt Corporation | Method of manufacturing magnet, and magnet |
JP2013219353A (ja) * | 2012-04-05 | 2013-10-24 | Gm Grobal Technology Operations Llc | 構造および成分の分布が制御された焼結磁石の製造方法 |
KR20160078645A (ko) * | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-05 | 주식회사 포스코 | R-t-b계 소결자석 제조방법 |
KR101641795B1 (ko) | 2014-12-24 | 2016-07-22 | 주식회사 포스코 | R-t-b계 소결자석 제조방법 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5039878B2 (ja) | 2012-10-03 |
US20090081067A1 (en) | 2009-03-26 |
CN101447330A (zh) | 2009-06-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5892139B2 (ja) | 希土類異方性磁石とその製造方法 | |
JP5856953B2 (ja) | 希土類永久磁石の製造方法および希土類永久磁石 | |
JP5039878B2 (ja) | 希土類系焼結磁石の製造方法及び希土類系ボンド磁石の製造方法 | |
JP5754232B2 (ja) | 高保磁力NdFeB磁石の製法 | |
US20190153565A1 (en) | ANISOTROPIC COMPLEX SINTERED MAGNET COMPRISING MnBi WHICH HAS IMPROVED MAGNETIC PROPERTIES AND METHOD OF PREPARING THE SAME | |
JP5334175B2 (ja) | 異方性ボンド磁石の製造方法、磁気回路及び異方性ボンド磁石 | |
US10741314B2 (en) | Anisotropic complex sintered magnet comprising MnBi and atmospheric sintering process for preparing the same | |
KR101165937B1 (ko) | 영구 자석 및 영구 자석의 제조 방법 | |
US20120164019A1 (en) | Method of manufacturing rare-earth magnet powder, and method of manufacturing rare-earth bond magnet | |
Lalana | Permanent magnets and its production by powder metallurgy | |
JP5039877B2 (ja) | 希土類系メタルボンド磁石の製造方法 | |
US20080298995A1 (en) | Method of manufacturing rare-earth bond magnet | |
KR20200023107A (ko) | 소결 자석 제조 방법 및 이에 따라 제조된 소결 자석 | |
JP2009111176A (ja) | 稀土類磁石粉末の製造方法及び稀土類ボンド磁石 | |
JPH04369203A (ja) | 希土類永久磁石およびその製造方法 | |
JP2009158860A (ja) | ボンド磁石の製造方法、ボンド磁石及び製造装置 | |
JP2006144048A (ja) | 希土類−遷移金属−窒素系磁石粉末の製造方法、これを用いたボンド磁石用組成物、およびボンド磁石 | |
JP4076017B2 (ja) | 磁気異方性に優れた希土類磁石粉末の製造方法 | |
JPH04240703A (ja) | 永久磁石の製造方法 | |
KR20210144055A (ko) | 영구 자석의 제조 방법 | |
CN111724961A (zh) | R-t-b系永久磁铁 | |
JP2020053436A (ja) | 希土類磁石の製造方法 | |
JP2004218042A (ja) | 磁気異方性および熱的安定性に優れた希土類磁石粉末の製造方法 | |
JPH01161802A (ja) | 永久磁石の製造法 | |
JP2004263234A (ja) | 異方性希土類ボンド磁石用の磁石粉末の製造方法および異方性希土類ボンド磁石の製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20100708 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20111021 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20111101 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20111216 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120403 |
|
RD03 | Notification of appointment of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7423 Effective date: 20120413 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20120413 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150720 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |