JP2007524762A - 水素発生の方法および装置 - Google Patents
水素発生の方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
本システムは、水の電解のための方法および装置、より具体的には、水素を発生する水の光電気化学的(PEC)デバイスおよび光電解に関する。
H2発生効率=PV効率×電解効率 (式1)
PV電解システム40からの水素の発生を最適化するために、図1に示されている従来技術の設計にいくつかの改善を加える必要がある、つまり(1)PVシステムにより供給される最大パワーポイント電位(Empp)は電解システムにより必要とされる特性動作電位(Eoper)と一致しなければならない、(2)エネルギー貯蔵の不効率な手段である、電池をなくすべきである、(3)電圧コンバータおよびチャージコントローラを含む、PV電解回路内の抵抗、電圧損失、および不効率を高めるパーツもなくすべきである。本発明の教示による回路は、不要なパーツを取り除いた状態で、図2に示されている。図2の実施例に示されているように、PVパネル44の太陽電池42の回路接続は、電解システム40により必要とされる動作電位(Eoper)と一致するように約2.5ボルトのDC(触媒された電極について約2から3ボルトの範囲のDC)の正しいEmppを与える最良の個数の直列の太陽電池とともに太陽モジュールを使用することにより設計し直されている。図2に示されているように、2.5ボルトモジュールのうちの3つ(またはそれ以上)を電解セルに並列接続し、さらに大きな電流および水素発生率を与えることができる。セルの個数および構成から電解システムの最良の動作電圧と一致するように正しいEmppを与える限り、限定はしないが、c−Si、a−Si、CuInSe2、CdTeベースの太陽電池を含む、任意の種類の太陽電池を最適化プロセス内で使用することも可能である。
報告されてているPV電解効率よりも高い、最大7.2%の効率が得られる太陽水素発生を拡大する最適化プロセス。
Claims (35)
- 水を電解して水素を発生させるための電力を供給する、少なくとも1つの光起電(PV)セルを備える電解システムを稼働させる方法であって、
a)前記光起電セルの負荷の下で実際の電圧と実際の電流との間の所定の関係に基づき前記光起電セルの最大パワーポイント電圧(Empp)を決定するステップと、
b)所望の電圧を得て水を電解し、要求された電解システム損失条件を満たすように接続される前記Emppでのセルの個数を決定するステップとを含む方法。 - 前記個数のセルは、直列であり、1つのモジュールを構成する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記モジュールは、2から3ボルトの範囲内の総Emppを持つ請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記モジュールは、約2.5ボルトの総Emppを持つ請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記所望の電圧は、1.5から3.0ボルトの範囲内の動作電圧である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記所望の電圧は、単一の電解セルに対し1.8から2.5ボルトの範囲内の動作電圧である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記個数のセルの前記Emppは、3から4ボルトの範囲内の開回路電圧に対応する請求項1に記載の方法。
- それぞれの前記セルの前記Emppは、約0.41ボルトであり、前記クラスタは、直列接続された6個のセルを含む請求項2に記載の方法。
- それぞれの前記セルの前記Emppは、約0.41ボルトであり、前記所望の動作電圧は、約2.5ボルトである請求項1に記載の方法。
- 複数の前記モジュールは、並列に配列される請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記システムの水素発生率は、前記複数のモジュールの個数に比例する請求項10に記載の方法。
- 水を電解して水素を発生させるための電力を供給する、少なくとも1つの光起電(PV)セルを備える電解システムを稼働させる方法であって、
a)前記光起電セルの少なくとも1つの負荷の下で実際の電圧と実際の電流との間の関係を決定するステップと、
b)前記関係に基づいて前記光起電セルの最大パワーポイント電圧(Empp)を決定するステップと、
b)所望の電圧を得て水を電解および分解し、電解システム損失条件を満たすように前記Emppでの直列のセルの個数を決定するステップとを含む方法。 - 水を電解して水素を発生させるための電力を供給する、少なくとも1つの光起電(PV)セルを備える電解システムを稼働させる方法であって、
所望の電圧を得て水を電解し、前記光起電セルの前記最大パワーポイント電圧(Empp)に基づき電解システム損失条件を満たすように直列の光起電セルの個数を決定するステップを含む方法。 - 少なくとも1つの光起電(PV)セル、および前記光起電セルに関連する電極を備え、水を電解して水素を発生させる電解システムを稼働させる方法であって、
所望の電圧を得て水を電解し、前記光起電セルの最大パワーポイント電圧(Empp)に基づき電解システム損失条件を満たすように光起電セルの個数を決定するステップと、
電解効率と電流密度との間の所定の関係に基づいて前記電極の最大電流密度を決定するステップとを含む方法。 - 前記電流密度は、電解電流および光起電セル面積に基づく請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記光起電セルは、a−Siベースの多重接合半導体材料またはc−Siベースの単一接合セル半導体材料を含む請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記電極のうちの1つは、光アノードまたは光カソードのうちの一方である請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記所望の電圧は、1.5から3.0ボルトの範囲内の動作電圧である請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記所望の電圧は、1.5Vよりも高い動作電圧である請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記所望の電圧は、1.8Vよりも高い動作電圧である請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記個数のセルの前記Emppは、2.5V以上である請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記個数のセルの前記Empp電圧は、2から3ボルトの範囲内である請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記動作電圧は、3から4ボルトの範囲内の開回路電圧に対応する請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記開回路電圧は、5V未満である請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記個数のセルの前記Empp電圧は、4V未満である請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記最大電流密度は、1平方センチメートル当たり12ミリアンペア未満である請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記個数のセルは、直列であり、光起電モジュールを構成する請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記電解システムは、複数の前記光起電モジュールを含む請求項27に記載の方法。
- それぞれの前記光起電モジュールは、アノード、カソード、および電解液を含むそれぞれの電解回路内で水素を発生する最適な電圧を発生する請求項28に記載の方法。
- ニッケルベースのカソード、および酸化ルテニウム層およびニッケルベースの層を含むアノードを使用する、1.8から2.5ボルトDC(Eoper)、1cm2当たり12ミリアンペア未満の電流密度を供給する少なくとも1つの光起電(PV)セルを備える電解システム。
- KOHを含む電解液を含む請求項30に記載の電解システム。
- 5モルのKOHを含む電解液を含む請求項30に記載の電解システム。
- 2から4ボルトDCの開回路電圧を有する請求項30に記載の電解システム。
- 2.5から3.5ボルトDCの開回路電圧を有する請求項30に記載の電解システム。
- 水を電解して水素を発生させるための電力を供給する少なくとも1つの光起電(PV)セルを備える電解システムであって、水を電解し、前記光起電セルの最大パワーポイント電圧に基づき電解システム損失条件を満たすことができる十分な電圧を有する直列の複数の個数の光起電セルを備える電解システム。
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US54537904P | 2004-02-18 | 2004-02-18 | |
US11/049,213 US7510640B2 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2005-02-02 | Method and apparatus for hydrogen generation |
PCT/US2005/004666 WO2005080639A1 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2005-02-11 | Method and apparatus for hydrogen generation |
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JP2007524762A true JP2007524762A (ja) | 2007-08-30 |
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EP (1) | EP1716272A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2007524762A (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2005080639A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
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US20090178918A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
WO2005080639A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
US7510640B2 (en) | 2009-03-31 |
US7674358B2 (en) | 2010-03-09 |
AU2005215618A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
US20070119718A1 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
AU2005215618B2 (en) | 2009-01-22 |
EP1716272A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
US20050189234A1 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
EP1716272A4 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
US7906007B2 (en) | 2011-03-15 |
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