JP2007506427A - ボツリヌス毒素を取得するための動物性生成物を含まない培地および方法 - Google Patents
ボツリヌス毒素を取得するための動物性生成物を含まない培地および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
クロストリジウム属には127を越える種があり、形態学および機能に従って分類されている。嫌気性グラム陽性細菌であるクロストリジウム・ボツリナムは、ボツリヌス中毒として知られる神経麻痺性障害をヒトおよび動物において引き起こす強力なポリペプチド神経毒であるボツリヌス毒素を産生する。クロストリジウム・ボツリナムおよびその胞子は共に土壌中に見出され、該細菌は、滅菌と密閉が不適切な零細缶詰工場の食品容器内で増殖する可能性があり、これが多くのボツリヌス中毒症例の原因である。ボツリヌス中毒の影響は、通例、クロストリジウム・ボツリナムの培養物または胞子で汚染された食品を飲食した18〜36時間後に現れる。ボツリヌス毒素は、消化管内を弱毒化されないで通過することができ、そして末梢運動ニューロンを攻撃することができるようである。ボツリヌス毒素中毒の症状は、歩行困難、嚥下困難および会話困難から、呼吸筋の麻痺および死にまで進行し得る。
(1)頸部ジストニーを処置するための筋肉内注射(多数の筋肉)あたり約75単位〜125単位のBOTOX(登録商標);
(2)眉間のしわを処置するための筋肉内注射あたり約5単位〜10単位のBOTOX(登録商標)(5単位が鼻根筋に筋肉内注射され、10単位がそれぞれの皺眉筋に筋肉内注射される);
(3)恥骨直腸筋の括約筋内注射による便秘を処置するための約30単位〜80単位のBOTOX(登録商標);
(4)上瞼の外側瞼板前部眼輪筋および下瞼の外側瞼板前部眼輪筋に注射することによって眼瞼痙攣を処置するために筋肉あたり約1単位〜5単位の筋肉内注射されるBOTOX(登録商標);
(6)卒中後の上肢痙性を処置するために、下記のように5つの異なる上肢屈筋にBOTOX(登録商標)が筋肉内注射される:
(a)深指屈筋:7.5U〜30U
(b)浅指屈筋:7.5U〜30U
(c)尺側手根屈筋:10U〜40U
(d)橈側手根屈筋:15U〜60U
(e)上腕二頭筋:50U〜200U。5つの示された筋肉のそれぞれには同じ処置時に注射されるので、患者には、それぞれの処置毎に筋肉内注射によって90U〜360Uの上肢屈筋BOTOX(登録商標)が投与される。
(7)偏頭痛を治療するために、25UのBOTOX(登録商標)を頭蓋周囲に注射する(眉間、前頭および側頭筋に対称的に注射する):該注射は、偏頭痛頻度、最大重症度、付随嘔吐および急性薬剤使用の減少(25U注射後の3ヶ月間にわたる)によって評価した場合に、ビヒクルと比較して、偏頭痛の予防療法として有意な利益を与える。
本発明はこの要求を満たし、生物学的に活性なボツリヌス毒素を取得または生産するための、動物由来タンパク質などの動物性生成物を含まないまたは実質的に含まない、培地および方法を提供する。取得されたボツリヌス毒素は、ボツリヌス毒素活性成分医薬組成物を製造するために使用することができる。
本明細書で使用する場合、下記の単語または用語は下記の定義を持つ。
「約」とは、そのように修飾された事項、パラメータまたは用語が、明記した事項、パラメータまたは用語の値の上下に±10%の範囲を包含することを意味する。
「基本的に含まない」(または「から基本的になる」)とは、その物質が痕跡量しか検出され得ないことを意味する。
「治療製剤」とは、ある製剤が、ある障害または疾患、例えば末梢筋の活動亢進(すなわち痙縮)を特徴とする障害または疾患を、処置およびそれにより軽減するために使用できることを意味する。
本発明は、生物学的に活性なボツリヌス毒素を産生する能力を持つ生物(例えばクロストリジウム・ボツリナム細菌)の培養および発酵に役立つ、動物性生成物または動物性副生成物を含まないまたは実質的に含まない培地および方法の発見に基づいている。取得されるボツリヌス毒素は、ボツリヌス毒素活性成分医薬組成物の製造に使用することができる。したがって本明細書には肉副生成物または乳副生成物のレベルが著しく低下している培地を開示し、好ましい培地実施形態はそのような動物性生成物を実質的に含まない。
以下の実施例は、本発明に包含される特定の方法を説明するものであり、本発明の範囲を限定しようとするものではない。クロストリジウム・ボツリナム培養物は、List Laboratories(カリフォルニア州キャンベル)を含むいくつかの供給源から入手することができる。全ての実験および培地は再蒸留水を使って調製することができる。以下の全ての実施例において「クロストリジウム・ボツリナム」とは、A型クロストリジウム・ボツリナムのHall A(ATCC 登録番号3502)株を意味する。
対照種培地は培地各1リットルにつき以下の成分を使って調製することができる:NaCl(5g)、Bacto-peptone(10g)、グルコース(10g)、BHI(1リットルになる量)、pH8.1(5N NaOHで調整)。
実施例1の対照種培地および試験種培地各1mlにクロストリジウム・ボツリナムの凍結乾燥培養物を懸濁し、(各種培地を)それぞれがそれぞれの種培地10mlを含有する2本の試験管に分割した後、34℃で約24から48時間インキュベートすることができる。次に、培養物1mlを、40mlの(各)種培地を含有する125ml DeLong Bellco培養フラスコの接種に使用することができる。接種された培養物を、Coy嫌気チャンバー(Coy Laboratory Products Inc.、ミシガン州グラスレイク)中、33℃±1℃で24時間インキュベートすることができる。
基礎発酵培地は培地各2リットルにつき以下の成分を使って調製することができる:グルコース(15g)、NaCl(10g)、NaH2PO4(1g)、KH2PO4(0.350g)、MgSO47H2O(0.1g)、システイン-HC(0.250g)、チロシン-HCl(0.250g)、鉄粉(1g)、ZnCl2(0.250g)、およびMnCl2(0.4g)。
試験種培地培養物(動物性生成物不含有)を40μlずつ使って、8ml 16本の100mm試験管中の対照または試験発酵培地各8mlに接種することができる。次に、培養物を33±1℃で24時間インキュベートすることができる。次に、細菌を成長させるために、試験管を嫌気チャンバー中でインキュベートすることができる。各培地アッセイは三重に行なうことができ(すなわち同じ培地に独立して3回の接種を行なうことができる)。非接種対照を(分光光度計用のブランクとして使用することができる)を含めることもできる。成長(光学密度 OD によって測定される)は、Turner分光光度計(330型)を使って660nmで24時間ごとに測定することができる。細胞溶解が約48時間続いた後に培養は停止すべきであり、その後、ボツリヌス毒素生産量を測定することができる。
実施例4の培養細胞を遠心分離した後、上清のpHを測定することができる。与えられた試料中のボツリヌス毒素のレベルは、標準抗毒素を添加し、フロキュレーションまでの経過時間を測定することによって、測定することができる。Kf(フロキュレーションが起こるのに要する時間、単位:分)およびLf(フロキュレーション限界、フロキュレーションによって確立される1国際単位の標準抗毒素に相当)をどちらも測定することができる。与えられた培養物について発酵ブロス4mlを各発酵管から採取し、合計12mlを15ml遠心管中で混合することができるように、それらを合わせることができる。遠心管を4℃、5000rpm(3400g)で30分間遠心分離することができる。上清を1mlずつ、0.1から0.6mlの標準ボツリヌス毒素抗血清を含有する試験管に加え、内容物を混合するために試験管を注意深く振とうすることができる。次に試験管を45±1℃の水槽に入れ、開始時刻を記録することができる。試験管を頻繁に調べて、フロキュレーションが始まった時間をKfとして記録することができる。フロキュレーションを1番目に開始することができる試験管内の毒素濃度をLfFFと指名することができる。2番目にフロキュレーションを開始することができる試験管中の毒素濃度をLfFと指定することができる。
本発明を特定の好ましい方法に関して詳細に説明したが、本発明の範囲内で他の実施形態、変形、および変更形態も可能である。例えば、動物性生成物を含まない多種多様な方法が本発明の範囲に包含される。
したがって特許請求の範囲の要旨および範囲は、上述した好ましい実施形態の説明に限定されるべきではない。
Claims (13)
- 生物学的に活性なボツリヌス毒素を取得する方法であって、
(a)動物由来生成物を実質的に含まない発酵培地を用意する工程、
(b)ボツリヌス毒素の生産を可能にする条件下で発酵培地中にクロストリジウム・ボツリナム(Clostridium botulinum)細菌を培養する工程、および
(c)発酵培地から生物学的に活性なボツリヌス毒素を回収する工程
を含む方法。 - 発酵培地を用意する工程において、培地が植物由来のタンパク質生成物を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 植物が大豆である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 培養工程において、培養物の細胞密度が細胞溶解によって低下するまで培養を行う、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 培養工程において、細胞密度が細胞溶解によって最初に低下してから少なくとも48時間後まで培養を行う、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ボツリヌス毒素の生産方法であって、
(a)動物由来生成物を実質的に含まず、かつ植物由来のタンパク質生成物を含む第1培地を用意する工程、
(b)クロストリジウム・ボツリナムの成長を可能にする条件下で、第1培地中にクロストリジウム・ボツリナム細菌を培養する工程、
(c)動物由来生成物を実質的に含まず、かつ植物由来のタンパク質生成物を含む第2培地を用意する工程、
(d)第1培地を第2培地に接種する工程、
(e)ボツリヌス毒素の生産を可能にする条件下で、第2培地中にクロストリジウム・ボツリナム細菌を培養する工程、および
(f)ボツリヌス毒素を回収する工程
を含む方法。 - 第1培地を用意する工程において、第1培地が大豆由来のタンパク質生成物を含み、かつ第2培地に接種する工程において、第2培地が大豆由来のタンパク質生成物を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 第1培地を用意する工程において、第1培地が加水分解大豆を含み、かつ第2培地に接種する工程において、発酵培地が加水分解大豆を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 第1培地中でクロストリジウム・ボツリナムを培養する工程において、条件が約34℃の温度を含むと共に、培養中に細胞密度の低下が起こらないことを含み、かつ
第1培地を第2培地に接種する工程において、2から4%の第1培地を第2培地の接種に使用し、かつ
第2培地中で細菌を培養する工程において、成長を可能にする条件が約34℃の温度を含むと共に、培養物の細胞密度が細胞溶解によって低下するまで培養することを含む、
請求項6に記載の方法。 - クロストリジウム・ボツリナムおよびボツリヌス毒素生産用培養培地を含む組成物であって、培地が動物由来生成物を実質的に含まず、かつ植物由来のタンパク質生成物を含む、組成物。
- 植物が大豆である、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 加水分解大豆を含む、請求項10の組成物。
- 活性成分がボツリヌス毒素である、動物性生成物を実質的に含まない医薬組成物を製造する方法であって、
(a)(i)動物由来生成物を実質的に含まない発酵培地を用意し、
(ii)ボツリヌス毒素の生産を可能にする条件下で、発酵培地中にクロストリジウム・ボツリナムを培養し、そして
(iii)発酵培地から生物学的に活性なボツリヌス毒素を回収する
ことによって生物学的に活性なボツリヌス毒素を取得する工程、
(b)ボツリヌス毒素を適切な賦形剤と配合することにより、活性成分がボツリヌス毒素である、動物性生成物を実質的に含まない医薬組成物を製造する工程
を含む方法。
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2005
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2008
- 2008-09-19 US US12/234,537 patent/US8008044B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2012
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2014
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Cited By (14)
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US9725705B2 (en) | 2003-09-25 | 2017-08-08 | Allergan, Inc. | Animal product free system and process for purifying a botulinum toxin |
JP2012125251A (ja) * | 2005-03-03 | 2012-07-05 | Allergan Inc | クロストリジウム・バクテリアの培地およびクロストリジウム毒素を得るための方法 |
JP2008531047A (ja) * | 2005-03-03 | 2008-08-14 | アラーガン、インコーポレイテッド | クロストリジウム・バクテリアの培地およびクロストリジウム毒素を得るための方法 |
US11203748B2 (en) | 2009-07-13 | 2021-12-21 | Allergan, Inc. | Process and system for obtaining botulinum neurotoxin |
US11530400B2 (en) | 2009-07-13 | 2022-12-20 | Allergan, Inc. | Process and system for obtaining botulinum neurotoxin |
US11525130B2 (en) | 2009-07-13 | 2022-12-13 | Allergan, Inc. | Process and system for obtaining botulinum neurotoxin |
US11518986B2 (en) | 2009-07-13 | 2022-12-06 | Allergan, Inc. | Process and system for obtaining botulinum neurotoxin |
US11326155B2 (en) | 2009-07-13 | 2022-05-10 | Allergan, Inc. | Process and system for obtaining botulinum neurotoxin |
US11124786B2 (en) | 2009-07-13 | 2021-09-21 | Allergan, Inc. | Process and system for obtaining botulinum neurotoxin |
JP2018500880A (ja) * | 2015-04-28 | 2018-01-18 | テウン カンパニー リミテッドDaewoong Co., Ltd. | ボツリヌス毒素の製造のための培地組成物 |
JP2020072649A (ja) * | 2015-04-28 | 2020-05-14 | テウン カンパニー リミテッドDaewoong Co., Ltd. | ボツリヌス毒素の製造のための培地組成物 |
JP2020022435A (ja) * | 2015-04-28 | 2020-02-13 | テウン カンパニー リミテッドDaewoong Co., Ltd. | ボツリヌス毒素の製造のための培地組成物 |
US10465179B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2019-11-05 | Daewoong Co., Ltd. | Medium composition for preparing botulinum toxin |
JP2018506262A (ja) * | 2015-04-28 | 2018-03-08 | テウン カンパニー リミテッドDaewoong Co., Ltd. | ボツリヌス毒素の製造のための培地組成物 |
Also Published As
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AU2004280450A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
US20060228777A1 (en) | 2006-10-12 |
MXPA06003029A (es) | 2006-06-23 |
US7445914B2 (en) | 2008-11-04 |
US7148041B2 (en) | 2006-12-12 |
EP1664292B1 (en) | 2010-05-26 |
CN1856569A (zh) | 2006-11-01 |
KR20060102330A (ko) | 2006-09-27 |
CN1856569B (zh) | 2010-12-01 |
US20050069562A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 |
BRPI0414722A (pt) | 2006-11-21 |
US20090022763A1 (en) | 2009-01-22 |
US20060240514A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
DK1664292T3 (da) | 2010-08-30 |
WO2005035749A2 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
JP2015051019A (ja) | 2015-03-19 |
JP2012070759A (ja) | 2012-04-12 |
WO2005035749A3 (en) | 2005-06-02 |
TW200516142A (en) | 2005-05-16 |
US7189541B2 (en) | 2007-03-13 |
AR045813A1 (es) | 2005-11-16 |
ES2344843T3 (es) | 2010-09-08 |
PL1664292T3 (pl) | 2010-10-29 |
CA2540072A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
EP1664292A2 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
EP2177607A1 (en) | 2010-04-21 |
ATE469215T1 (de) | 2010-06-15 |
DE602004027393D1 (de) | 2010-07-08 |
US8008044B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 |
NZ545503A (en) | 2009-04-30 |
KR101100567B1 (ko) | 2011-12-29 |
AU2004280450B2 (en) | 2009-02-05 |
TWI294914B (en) | 2008-03-21 |
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