JP2006188425A - マイクロチャネル触媒反応装置中の液体燃料の脱水素化 - Google Patents
マイクロチャネル触媒反応装置中の液体燃料の脱水素化 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2006188425A JP2006188425A JP2006000088A JP2006000088A JP2006188425A JP 2006188425 A JP2006188425 A JP 2006188425A JP 2006000088 A JP2006000088 A JP 2006000088A JP 2006000088 A JP2006000088 A JP 2006000088A JP 2006188425 A JP2006188425 A JP 2006188425A
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- organic compound
- dehydrogenation
- hydrogen
- liquid
- electron conjugated
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 62
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 11
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 85
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- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AFRJJFRNGGLMDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium amide Chemical compound [Li+].[NH2-] AFRJJFRNGGLMDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPQPWIVZOBTRGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;carbazol-9-ide Chemical compound [Li+].C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3[N-]C2=C1 RPQPWIVZOBTRGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XWWCTWQBCBOOAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;diphenylazanide Chemical compound [Li+].C=1C=CC=CC=1[N-]C1=CC=CC=C1 XWWCTWQBCBOOAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIZYAQAYRBOHHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;indol-1-ide Chemical compound [Li+].C1=CC=C2[N-]C=CC2=C1 KIZYAQAYRBOHHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- FEMRXDWBWXQOGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium amide Chemical class [NH2-].[K+] FEMRXDWBWXQOGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hydride Chemical compound [KH] NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000105 potassium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003334 potential effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000984 vat dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】有機化合物は、当初、完全又は部分的水素化状態にある。水素発生ルートの改良は脱水素化段階に存在し、そして脱水素化有機化合物の回収は、次の各段階;水素化有機化合物を、脱水素化触媒を組込むマイクロチャネル反応装置に導入する段階;水素化有機化合物が液相中に存在する条件下で、水素化有機化合物の脱水素化を実施する段階;液相の脱水素化有機化合物と気体水素とが含まれている反応生成物を発生させる段階;気体水素から液相の脱水素化有機化合物を分離する段階;そして、水素と液相の脱水素化有機化合物とを回収する段階を含む。
【選択図】なし
Description
Hydrogen Generation by Methanol Autothermal Reforming In Microchannel Reactors,Chen,G.ら、American Institute of Chemical Engineers,Spring Meeting,March 30−April 3,2003,1939〜1943ページには、吸熱蒸気改質反応及び発熱部分酸化反応を実施するための手段として、マイクロチャネル反応装置を使用することが開示されている。両反応とも、気相で実施される。
該有機化合物の脱水素化を経由して水素を発生させる経路の改良と、脱水素化されたか又は部分的に脱水素化された有機化合物の回収とは、次の各段階;
・水素化有機化合物(典型的には、脱水素化においてパイ電子共役(pi−conjugated)基質を形成する水素化基質)を、脱水素化触媒を組込むマイクロチャネル反応装置に導入する段階;
・該水素化有機化合物が液相中に存在する条件下で、該水素化有機化合物の脱水素化を実施する段階;
・液相の脱水素化有機化合物と気体水素とが含まれている反応生成物を生成させる段階;
・気体水素から液相の脱水素化有機化合物を分離する段階;そして、
・該水素と該液相の脱水素化有機化合物とを回収する段階:
に関する。
・液体有機化合物の脱水素化を実施し、所望の搬送圧において水素を発生させることができること;
・該液体有機燃料源と液体脱水素化有機化合物とが該液相内にあるので、該反応副生成物を液化又は急冷する必要性がないこと;
・水素化及び脱水素化の両状態で、低揮発性液体有機燃料として拡張された(extended)パイ電子共役基質を用いることで、次の使用のための放出された水素の分離を容易化できること;
・該水素化有機化合物(該水素生成物中の脱水素化反応生成物及び該水素化パイ電子共役基質の燃料源等)のエントレインメントが基本的にない条件下で脱水素化を実施できること;
・自動車内で使用するために適合させた小型の触媒反応装置中で脱水素化を実施できること;
・過度の高温及び高圧の必要なく水素を発生させ、それによって安全上の心配を減らすことができること;そして
・水素を遊離させるために該燃料電池又はICエンジンからの廃熱を使用できること:
を含む。
拡張されたパイ電子共役基質
拡張された多環芳香族系炭化水素(EPAH)
本明細書の目的において、「拡張された多環芳香族系炭化水素」は、下記;
(1)4環以上を有する縮合環系を含む多環芳香族系炭化水素、ここで該縮合環系の全ての環は、六員環の芳香族6π系(sextet)構造体として表される;又は、
(2)5員環を縮合させた六員環の芳香族6π系環を含む2環より多い多環芳香族系炭化水素:
のどちらかを有する分子として規定される。
窒素へテロ原子を有する拡張されたパイ電子共役基質は、下記;
(1)5員環の芳香環中に窒素原子を含む5員環の環状不飽和炭化水素;又は、
(2)6員環の芳香環中に窒素原子を含む6員環の環状芳香族系炭化水素、
ここで、N複素環式分子が、窒素のヘテロ原子をも含みうる1種以上の6員環芳香族6π系構造体に縮合されている:
を有するN複素環式分子として規定される。
Claims (12)
- 初めに、有機化合物が水素化された形態で存在し、次に、脱水素化条件下において触媒反応装置内で脱水素化して、水素と副生成物である脱水素化有機化合物とを形成させる可逆的な水素化/脱水素化が可能な該有機化合物からの水素の提供方法であって、該脱水素化段階における改良が、次の各段階;
(a)液体形態で、可逆的な水素化/脱水素化が可能である該有機化合物を、脱水素化触媒を組込んでいるマイクロチャネル反応装置に入れる段階;
(b)液相条件下において該有機化合物の脱水素化を実施し、それにより該有機化合物と該副生成物である脱水素化有機化合物とが、該液相中に残る段階;
(c)副生成物である脱水素化有機化合物と気体水素とが含まれている反応生成物を回収する段階;
(d)該液相の脱水素化有機化合物と気体水素とが含まれている該反応生成物を、気体水素分画と液相の副生成物である脱水素化有機化合物とに分離する段階;
(e)該気体水素を回収する段階;そして、
(f)該液体副生成物である脱水素化有機化合物を回収する段階:
を含む水素の提供方法。 - 段階(b)における該脱水素化が、0.2気圧〜100気圧の圧力において実施される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 脱水素化温度が60〜300℃である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 該脱水素化を、複数のマイクロチャネル反応装置内で実施し、ここで後続の各反応装置内の圧力が前の反応装置内の圧力よりも低い、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該有機化合物の蒸気圧が、220℃において10mmHg未満である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 該有機化合物が、脱水素化時にパイ電子共役基質を生成させる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 各マイクロチャネル反応装置内で生成される水素の体積が本質的に同量である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 該有機化合物が、拡張された多環芳香族系炭化水素、窒素へテロ原子を有する拡張されたパイ電子共役基質、窒素以外のヘテロ原子を有する拡張されたパイ電子共役基質、パイ電子共役有機ポリマー及びオリゴマー、イオン性のパイ電子共役基質、複数の窒素へテロ原子を有するパイ電子共役単環式基質、三重結合群を少なくとも一つ有するパイ電子共役基質、ピッチ、並びに上述の2種以上の任意の組み合わせの水素化形態から成る群から選択される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 水素化形態における該有機化合物が、ピレン、ペリレン、コロネン、オバレン、ピセン及びルビセン、フルオレン、インデン及びアセナナフチレン、ピラントロン、並びに上述の2種以上の任意の組み合わせから成る群から選択される拡張された多環芳香族系炭化水素である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 該有機化合物が、N−メチルカルバゾール、N−エチルカルバゾール、N−n−プロピルカルバゾール及びN−イソ−プロピルカルバゾール及びそれらの混合物から成る群から選択される、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 該脱水素化が複数のマイクロチャネル反応装置内で実施され、ここで後続の各反応装置内の温度が前の反応装置内の温度よりも高い、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 熱移動流体の運搬において用いるために、交互チャネル又は隣接チャネルが、該反応装置チャネル内に準備されている、請求項1に記載の方法。
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US11/029,059 US7485161B2 (en) | 2005-01-04 | 2005-01-04 | Dehydrogenation of liquid fuel in microchannel catalytic reactor |
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JP2006000088A Active JP4638357B2 (ja) | 2005-01-04 | 2006-01-04 | マイクロチャネル触媒反応装置中の液体燃料の脱水素化 |
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JP (1) | JP4638357B2 (ja) |
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CN (1) | CN1810630A (ja) |
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CA (1) | CA2531733C (ja) |
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WO2015005280A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-09 | 2015-01-15 | 学校法人早稲田大学 | 水素担体および水素発生方法 |
JPWO2015005280A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-09 | 2017-03-02 | 学校法人早稲田大学 | 水素担体および水素発生方法 |
JP2016050145A (ja) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-04-11 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 脱水素化システム |
JP2016050143A (ja) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-04-11 | Jx日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 脱水素化システム |
JP2019537544A (ja) * | 2016-11-16 | 2019-12-26 | ハイドロジーニアス テクノロジーズ ゲーエムベーハー | 水素ガスを提供するための方法、脱水素反応器、及び、搬送コンテナ |
JP2022511475A (ja) * | 2018-12-11 | 2022-01-31 | ハイドロジーニアス・エルオーエイチシー・テクノロジーズ・ゲーエムベーハー | 液体媒体からガスを放出する方法および装置 |
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TWI303244B (en) | 2008-11-21 |
US7485161B2 (en) | 2009-02-03 |
CA2531733A1 (en) | 2006-07-04 |
US20090019768A1 (en) | 2009-01-22 |
CN1810630A (zh) | 2006-08-02 |
US7766986B2 (en) | 2010-08-03 |
TW200624416A (en) | 2006-07-16 |
KR20060080128A (ko) | 2006-07-07 |
KR100802373B1 (ko) | 2008-02-13 |
MXPA05013936A (es) | 2006-07-03 |
US20060143981A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
MY140985A (en) | 2010-02-12 |
CA2531733C (en) | 2012-09-11 |
JP4638357B2 (ja) | 2011-02-23 |
BRPI0505651A (pt) | 2006-09-19 |
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