JP2005515895A - 高アスペクト比溶接部のための溶接速度を高める方法及び装置 - Google Patents
高アスペクト比溶接部のための溶接速度を高める方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005515895A JP2005515895A JP2003562457A JP2003562457A JP2005515895A JP 2005515895 A JP2005515895 A JP 2005515895A JP 2003562457 A JP2003562457 A JP 2003562457A JP 2003562457 A JP2003562457 A JP 2003562457A JP 2005515895 A JP2005515895 A JP 2005515895A
- Authority
- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- welding wire
- opening
- laser beam
- aspect ratio
- laser
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 20
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012804 iterative process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/005—Repairing methods or devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0018—Brazing of turbine parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/005—Soldering by means of radiant energy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/211—Bonding by welding with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/26—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P6/00—Restoring or reconditioning objects
- B23P6/002—Repairing turbine components, e.g. moving or stationary blades, rotors
- B23P6/005—Repairing turbine components, e.g. moving or stationary blades, rotors using only replacement pieces of a particular form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/001—Turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2200/00—Mathematical features
- F05D2200/20—Special functions
- F05D2200/23—Logarithm
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
- F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
- F05D2230/235—TIG or MIG welding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/80—Repairing, retrofitting or upgrading methods
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/683,594 US6521861B2 (en) | 2000-02-07 | 2002-01-23 | Method and apparatus for increasing welding rate for high aspect ratio welds |
| PCT/US2003/002040 WO2003062605A1 (en) | 2002-01-23 | 2003-01-23 | Method and apparatus for increasing welding rates for high aspect ratio welds |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005515895A true JP2005515895A (ja) | 2005-06-02 |
| JP2005515895A5 JP2005515895A5 (enExample) | 2006-03-09 |
Family
ID=27613749
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003562457A Pending JP2005515895A (ja) | 2002-01-23 | 2003-01-23 | 高アスペクト比溶接部のための溶接速度を高める方法及び装置 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6521861B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1478827A1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2005515895A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR20040073591A (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2003062605A1 (enExample) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010172941A (ja) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-12 | Hitachi Ltd | レーザ溶接装置 |
| JP2011041982A (ja) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-03-03 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 第1及び第2のフィラー金属の二重レーザビーム溶接のシステム及び方法 |
| JP2016128190A (ja) * | 2015-01-09 | 2016-07-14 | リンカーン グローバル,インコーポレイテッド | ホットワイヤレーザクラッディング法及びそれに用いる材料 |
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| DE10006852C5 (de) * | 2000-02-16 | 2004-08-26 | Anders, Michael, Dr.-Ing. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Fügen von Werkstückteilen mittels eines Energiestrahls, insbesondere Laserstrahls |
| DE10328596A1 (de) * | 2003-06-25 | 2005-01-13 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Laserschweißen von Bauteilen |
| FR2866990B1 (fr) * | 2004-02-27 | 2006-07-28 | Tyco Electronics France Sas | Grille de connexion a fusible integre, son procede de fabrication et systeme pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
| US20050194367A1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-09-08 | Fredrick William G.Jr. | System and method for remote controlled actuation of laser processing head |
| US7211763B2 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2007-05-01 | General Electric Company | Photon energy material processing using liquid core waveguide and a computer program for controlling the same |
| DE102005061452A1 (de) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-07-05 | Volkswagen Ag | Fügen mittels Energiestrahl und Zusatzwerkstoff |
| DE102006021755A1 (de) * | 2006-05-10 | 2007-11-15 | Edag Engineering + Design Ag | Energiestrahl-Löten oder -Schweißen von Bauteilen |
| EP1880791A1 (en) * | 2006-07-21 | 2008-01-23 | Aleris Aluminum Koblenz GmbH | Process and apparatus for laser joining two components through the use of a laminar inert gas flow coaxial to a metal filler wire |
| US7851984B2 (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2010-12-14 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Ignition device having a reflowed firing tip and method of construction |
| KR100833640B1 (ko) * | 2007-03-05 | 2008-05-30 | 한국과학기술원 | 레이저를 이용한 마이크로 전기 배선 접합 장치 및 그 접합방법 |
| US8071907B2 (en) * | 2007-05-12 | 2011-12-06 | Honeywell International Inc. | Button attachment method for saw torque sensor |
| US8699667B2 (en) * | 2007-10-02 | 2014-04-15 | General Electric Company | Apparatus for x-ray generation and method of making same |
| US20090188894A1 (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2009-07-30 | Honeywell International Inc. | Welding guide nozzle including nozzle tip for precision weld wire positioning |
| US10086461B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2018-10-02 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Method and system to start and use combination filler wire feed and high intensity energy source for welding |
| US8653417B2 (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2014-02-18 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Method and system to start and use a combination filler wire feed and high intensity energy source |
| US9085041B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2015-07-21 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Method and system to start and use combination filler wire feed and high intensity energy source for welding |
| US20130092667A1 (en) * | 2009-01-13 | 2013-04-18 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Method and System to Start and Use Combination Filler Wire Feed and High Intensity Energy Source for Welding |
| WO2011055373A1 (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-05-12 | The Secretary, Department Of Atomic Energy,Govt.Of India. | Niobium based superconducting radio frequency (scrf) cavities comprising niobium components joined by laser welding; method and apparatus for manufacturing such cavities |
| US8895886B2 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2014-11-25 | General Electric Company | Cladding application method and apparatus using hybrid laser process |
| EP2591872A1 (de) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-05-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Umschmelzverfahren und anschließendes Auffüllen und Bauteil |
| US9687929B2 (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2017-06-27 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Method and system of using consumable with weld puddle |
| US10105780B2 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2018-10-23 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Method and system of using a consumable and a heat source with a weld puddle |
| US20140008328A1 (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-09 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | System and method for forming a joint with a hot wire |
| US20140034621A1 (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2014-02-06 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Method and system of hot wire joint design for out-of-position welding |
| US20140042138A1 (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2014-02-13 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Hot-wire welding power supply |
| WO2014024036A1 (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2014-02-13 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Hot-wire welding power supply |
| DE212013000247U1 (de) * | 2012-12-06 | 2015-10-09 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | System zum Starten und Verwenden einer kombinierten Fülldrahtzufuhr- und Hochintensitäts-Energiequelle zum Schweissen |
| US10471547B2 (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2019-11-12 | European Space Agency | Additive manufacturing method using focused light heating source |
| US20140263193A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Consumable and method and system to utilize consumable in a hot-wire system |
| US9067278B2 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2015-06-30 | Photon Automation, Inc. | Pulse spread laser |
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| WO2015107664A1 (ja) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-07-23 | 株式会社日立製作所 | レーザ溶接方法及び溶接継手 |
| US10464168B2 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2019-11-05 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Method and system for additive manufacturing using high energy source and hot-wire |
| US9808886B2 (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2017-11-07 | Lincoln Global, Inc. | Method and system for additive manufacturing using high energy source and hot-wire |
| JP2015202594A (ja) * | 2014-04-11 | 2015-11-16 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 造形装置、造形方法 |
| FR3027393B1 (fr) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-10-07 | Renault Sa | Procede et dispositif de diagnostic de la qualite d'un cordon de soudure laser |
| DE102015008919A1 (de) * | 2015-07-15 | 2017-01-19 | Evobeam GmbH | Verfahren zur additiven Herstellung von metallischen Bauteilen |
| GB201515386D0 (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-10-14 | Materials Solutions Ltd | Additive manufacturing |
| US10173288B2 (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2019-01-08 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Metalworking system with force controlled wire feed start operation |
| US10058956B2 (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2018-08-28 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Metalworking wire feeder system with force control operation |
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| CN109514068B (zh) * | 2018-10-31 | 2022-01-14 | 南京理工大学 | 基于电子束热丝熔丝增材制造的装置 |
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| JP7325194B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-19 | 2023-08-14 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 溶接物製造方法、溶接物製造システム及び溶接物 |
| CN111299837A (zh) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-06-19 | 北京工业大学 | 一种基于丝材热导焊的高效激光增材制造方法 |
| CN111331310B (zh) * | 2019-12-05 | 2021-11-30 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | 筒壁上具有大开口的薄壁筒体钛合金铸件的缺陷修复方法 |
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| KR20010078305A (ko) * | 2000-02-07 | 2001-08-20 | 제이 엘. 차스킨, 버나드 스나이더, 아더엠. 킹 | 클래딩 또는 용접 속도를 증가시키는 방법 및 장치 |
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2002
- 2002-01-23 US US09/683,594 patent/US6521861B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-01-23 WO PCT/US2003/002040 patent/WO2003062605A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-01-23 KR KR10-2004-7011479A patent/KR20040073591A/ko not_active Abandoned
- 2003-01-23 JP JP2003562457A patent/JP2005515895A/ja active Pending
- 2003-01-23 EP EP03732071A patent/EP1478827A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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| JPH04157078A (ja) * | 1990-10-16 | 1992-05-29 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | レーザー溶接方法 |
| JPH04157079A (ja) * | 1990-10-16 | 1992-05-29 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | レーザー溶接方法 |
| JP2000005888A (ja) * | 1998-06-24 | 2000-01-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | レーザ突合せ溶接方法 |
| WO2000015382A1 (en) * | 1998-09-15 | 2000-03-23 | Chromalloy Gas Turbine Corporation | Laser welding superalloy articles |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010172941A (ja) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-12 | Hitachi Ltd | レーザ溶接装置 |
| JP2011041982A (ja) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-03-03 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 第1及び第2のフィラー金属の二重レーザビーム溶接のシステム及び方法 |
| JP2016128190A (ja) * | 2015-01-09 | 2016-07-14 | リンカーン グローバル,インコーポレイテッド | ホットワイヤレーザクラッディング法及びそれに用いる材料 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20040073591A (ko) | 2004-08-19 |
| US6521861B2 (en) | 2003-02-18 |
| EP1478827A1 (en) | 2004-11-24 |
| US20020117485A1 (en) | 2002-08-29 |
| WO2003062605A1 (en) | 2003-07-31 |
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