JP2004290047A - Soil-dropping apparatus in welch onion harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soil-dropping apparatus which can efficiently drop soil adhered to the root portions of Welch onions in a process for carrying the Welch onions dug up from a field with carrying belts. <P>SOLUTION: The subject Welch onion harvester having diggers 6, 7 for digging up the Welch onions planted in the field, carriers 8, 9 for carrying the dug Welch onions toward the rear portion of a machine frame in a prescribed posture, and the soil-dropping apparatus for dropping soil from the root portions Na of the carried Welch onions is characterized by constituting the soil-dropping apparatus from a soil-dropping drum 14 and/or a soil-dropping member 15, (1) having a rotation axis 15a parallel to the carrying direction, (2) having a rotation axis 14a vertical to the carrying direction, (3) having a combination of the rotation axis 15a parallel to the carrying direction with the rotation axis 14a vertical to the carrying direction, (4) longitudinally disposing the soil-dropping drum 14 and the soil-dropping member 15 in the carrying direction, or (5) disposing the soil-dropping drum 14 and the soil-dropping member 15 in a state capable of being moved in parallel to the carrying direction, further (6) supporting the harvested products with nipping and carrying belts 8, 9 so that the harvested products do not escape on the dropping of the soil, and (7) being rotated or laterally reciprocated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a soil removal device for a green onion harvester provided with a soil removal body for removing soil adhering to the roots of a green onion dug from a field in a process of transporting the green onion by a transport device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, a traveling machine has a digging device for digging green onions vegetated in a field, a transport device for transporting green onions dug by the digging device toward the rear of the machine body in a predetermined posture, and a transporting device for transporting the green onions in a predetermined posture. 2. Description of the Related Art A green onion harvesting machine has been proposed that includes a soil removal device that removes soil adhering to a root from a green onion (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The shovel is provided with a number of protrusions on the outer periphery of a drum having a rotation axis perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying device (the traveling direction of the machine body). The soil is dropped by turning it upwards in the direction. The desired work can be performed if the field conditions are good and the soil is easy to fall. However, when the field conditions are poor, the water content is high, and the roots are extremely tight, the soil is difficult to fall down, and the post-operation requires time and effort.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-312521 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the onion harvesting machine of the prior art, when the field conditions and crop conditions are poor, the soil for harvesting the onion contains much moisture, and However, there is a problem that it is difficult to drop, and it is necessary to drop the soil again in later work, which requires much labor.
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a soil removal device for an onion harvesting machine that improves the performance of the soil removal device and improves the work efficiency of the entire harvesting operation in order to solve the above-described problems. .
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.
A. A traveling machine, a digging device for digging green onions vegetated in a field, a transporting device for transporting green onions dug by the digging device toward the rear of the machine body in a predetermined posture, and a transporting device. A green onion harvester equipped with a soil removal device for removing soil adhering to roots from green onions,
The shovel has a shovel having a rotation axis parallel to the transport direction of the transport device.
[0006]
B. The shovel has a shovel having a rotation axis perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveying device.
C. The shovel has a shovel having a combination of rotation axes parallel and perpendicular to the transport direction of the transport device.
D. The earth removal device has a soil removal drum and an earth removal body disposed in front and rear with respect to the transport direction of the transportation device.
[0007]
E. FIG. The earth removal device supported the earth removal drum and the earth removal body so as to be movable in parallel with the transport direction of the transport device.
F. The shovel has a support portion for supporting the crop so as not to escape during the shovel action.
G. FIG. The earth removal device is configured to reciprocate in a left-right direction by a rotary motion or a cam or a link.
[0008]
[Action]
The above A to G. By having the configuration of (claims 1 to 7), the soil removal device in the green onion harvester of the present invention performs the following operations.
[0009]
▲ 1 ▼. The soil attached to the root of the green onion is efficiently removed by the earth removal drum and the earth removal body. Even when the soil in the field is wet or the roots of green onions are remarkably stretched, the soil removal performance is much better than the conventional one.
▲ 2 ▼. When the dumping drum is moved in parallel to the direction of transporting the green onion, the dumping body moves in conjunction with the movement, and the dumping performance does not change.
(3). The dumping body is always located parallel to the conveying direction of the conveyor and tangential to the dumping drum, regardless of the position of the dumping drum.
[0010]
▲ 4 ▼. The relative distance between the dropping drum and the dropping body is constant, and the dropping performance is stable.
▲ 5 ▼. The moving position of the dropper is below the nipping transporter (band) of the transfer device, and there is no change in the dropping performance.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a green onion harvester, and a fuselage 2 is equipped with a pair of crawlers 3 that form a left and right pair and that can make a spin (super-spot) turn and a vertical height adjustment. An engine 4 is mounted at a substantially central portion of one side of the body 2 and a hydraulic device (not shown) driven by the engine 4 is provided near the engine 4. A transmission 5 having an HST (Hydraulic Automatic Transmission) (not shown) is provided between the crawlers 3 and 3 at a lower position near the rear of the body 2 so as to drive the crawlers 3 at variable speeds.
[0012]
A digging blade 6 is provided at the tip from the lower front of the fuselage 2 between the crawlers 3 and 3 to the rear of the fuselage 2 through the lower center of the fuselage 2, and the digging blade 6 is continuous with the digging blade 6. An excavating / transporting conveyor device 7 having an endless bar conveyor (not shown) for transporting the root of the green onion dug out by 6 while placing it in a vertical position and lifting it is provided. It is located above the excavating / transporting conveyor device 7 and is longer than the excavating / transporting conveyor device 7, and holds the foliage of green onion dug out of the field by the excavating blade 6 in a vertical posture. A pair of left and right first nipping and conveying belts 8 are provided. The green onion conveyed by the first nipping and conveying belt 8 is received below the conveying end portion of the first nipping and conveying belt 8, and the foliage is converted to the horizontal posture in the process of being nipped and conveyed in the vertical posture. And a second nipping / conveying belt 9 for discharging the sheet.
[0013]
The rear end of the excavating / transporting conveyor device 7 is pivotally supported on the machine body 2 via a shaft so that the excavating / transporting conveyor device 7 can rotate vertically. The excavating / transporting conveyor device 7 rotates up and down around an axis by the expansion and contraction operation of the mounted hydraulic cylinder 10. The front end of the first nipping and conveying belt 8 is pivotally supported by the tip of the link arm 11, and the rear end is pivotally supported by the body 2 via the link arm 12. When the base of the excavating / transporting conveyor device 7 is rotated by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 10 and the leading end moves upward, the first nipping / conveying belt 8 is also moved rearward by the link arms 11 and 12 in conjunction with this. To move to.
[0014]
As described above, when the excavating / transporting conveyor device 7 is rotated upward by the hydraulic cylinder 10 and the first nipping / conveying belt 8 is moved backward by the link arms 11 and 12 in conjunction with each other, The transport conveyor device 7 and the first nipping transport belt 8 do not come into contact with each other by the link arms 11 and 12, and a predetermined interval is maintained. A long hole is provided between the distal end of the link arm 11 and the first nipping and conveying belt 8, and by adjusting the supporting position of the link arm 11 with respect to this elongate hole, the supporting height of the first nipping and conveying belt 8 is adjusted. Is adjusted. Further, a dumping rotor 13 for dropping green onion is disposed between the excavating / transporting conveyor device 7 and the first sandwiching / conveying belt 8. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, below the starting end of the nipping and conveying belt 9, the root of the root portion Na of the green onion N is loosened, and the soil removal drum 14 and the soil removal body 15 as a soil removal device for removing soil are provided. Are provided before and after with respect to the moving direction of the first nipping and conveying belt 8 and the second nipping and conveying belt 9.
[0015]
The earth removal drum 14 has a large number of mountain-shaped protrusions on the outer periphery of the drum, and a base end is rotatably supported on the body 2 side, and power is transmitted to the base end via a transmission shaft 16. The transmission case 17 is rotatably supported at the distal end thereof via a vertical shaft 14 a perpendicular to the moving direction of the first nipping and conveying belt 8 and the second nipping and conveying belt 9. A chain transmission system 18 is provided in the transmission case 17, and power is transmitted from the transmission shaft 16 to the vertical shaft 14 a of the earth dropping drum 14. One end of a dropping body support arm 19 is pivotally supported on one end of the transmission case 17 coaxially with the vertical shaft 14a, and a motor 20 is attached to the other end of the dropping body support arm 19. . The output shaft of the motor 20 is connected to the rotation shaft 15a of the earth removal body 15. The rotation shaft 15a has an axis parallel to the moving direction of the first nipping and conveying belt 8 and the second nipping and conveying belt 9. On the outer peripheral portion of the drop body 15, a drop material made of a plurality of wires is attached at equal intervals in the circumferential direction along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 15 a.
[0016]
The other end of the interlocking arm 21 having one end pivotally supported by a fulcrum pin 21a on the body 2 side is pivotally supported at one end of the dropper support arm 19 via a pin 21b. An electric cylinder 22 is interposed between the lower edge of the front end portion of the transmission case 17 and the body 2, and the transmission case 17 rotates up and down around the transmission shaft 16 by the expansion and contraction operation of the electric cylinder 22. Then, when the transmission case 17 rotates, the earth dropping body support arm 19 also interlocks while rotating about the vertical shaft 14a via the interlocking arm 21. At this time, the earth removal drum 14 and the earth removal body 15 move three-dimensionally up and down in parallel with the movement direction of the first nipping and conveying belt 8 and the second nipping and conveying belt 9 (FIG. 3). reference).
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 5, the first nipping / conveying belt 8 is a pair of endless members which are opposed to each other and rotate in the same direction. A number of belt tension members 23 are rotatably supported via a shaft 23a. A rolling roller 24 is pivotally supported at the tip of each belt tension member 23, and a tension spring 25 is provided between the rear end of each belt tension member 23 and the shaft 23 a of the adjacent belt tension member 23. Each of the belt tension members 23 is pressed by the pressure roller 24 so that the conveying belts 8, 8 are opposed to each other. The tension of the tension spring 25 can be adjusted by replacing the tension spring 25, and the holding force of the holding and conveying belts 8, 8 is adjusted. Then, the green onion N is sandwiched and transported toward the rear of the machine body. In the transporting process, the soil attached to the root Na is removed by the earth removal drum 14 and the earth removal body 15.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 6, the dumping drum 14 and the dumping body 15 are connected to a transmission case 17 and a reciprocating body 27 that reciprocates by rotation of a cam roll 26, and reciprocates in the left-right direction. As shown in FIG. 7, a device for reciprocating the dropping drum 14 and the dropping body 15 mounts a crank arm 29 eccentrically on a rotating disk 28, and swings a swing arm 30 by the crank arm 29. The reciprocating motion may be performed by a reciprocating body 31 attached to the swing arm 30. Further, as the reciprocating device, a swing link may be used, or another configuration may be used.
[0019]
The second pinching and conveying belt 9 pinches and conveys the foliage of the green onion N in the vertical position at the start end thereof, and turns the green onion N sequentially from the vertical position to the horizontal position in the conveying process so as to twist the green onion N in the horizontal position. (Approximately 45 degrees) so that the paper is discharged from the transport end. Below the discharge position, a feed belt (work table) 32 that also serves as a work table and carries the green onions N in the width direction of the machine and conveys the green onions N is used to transfer the green onions N discharged from the second nipping and conveying belt 9. It is prepared by an operator and the root and leaves are cut off. A leaf conveying belt that supports and conveys the leaves of green onion nipped and conveyed by the first nipping and conveying belt 8 and the second nipping and conveying belt 9 is provided above one side of the start end of the second nipping and conveying belt 9. 33 is provided coaxially with the second nipping and conveying belt 9. The posture of the leaf conveying belt 33 can be adjusted by a rotation adjusting mechanism about the support arm.
[0020]
The feed belt (work table) 32 is inclined at an angle of about 20 degrees with the side on which the root portion Na of the green onion is placed downward and the side on which the leaf portion is placed upward. Further, in the feed belt 32, the tip of the root Na and the leaves are cut from the green onion N discharged from the end of the second nipping and conveying belt 9. Automatic cutting provided with a device for cutting the tip of the root Na and the leaves may be employed. Subsequent to the feed belt (working table) 32, a sorting table 34 and a binding table 35 are provided. Below the sorting table 34 and the binding table 35, a crop mounting table 36 and an operator step 36a are provided.
[0021]
On the side of the body 2 opposite to the engine 4, a control unit, an operator step, and the like are provided (not shown). The operator steps on the operator's steps among them, but the seat (not shown) has a support arm for the operator (operator) so that the operator sitting on the control unit can also work. It is freely rotatable so that it can be directed to the control section or to the feed belt (work table) 32.
[0022]
A pair of left and right support arms 37 protrude forward from the left and right frames of the excavating / transporting conveyor device 7, and the tip of the support arm 37 is in contact with the inclined both shoulders of the target leek ridge. Are supported to face each other. The wheel 38 functions as a ridge follower that follows the vertical movement of the machine body along the length direction of the target onion ridges, together with the vertical adjustment of the digging / transporting conveyor device 7. The device 7 is supported so that it can be adjusted up and down by an up and down adjustment cylinder 40 and can be adjusted to be moved left and right by a left and right movement adjusting mechanism. Further, the pair of wheels 38 have a camber angle, rotate in contact with the inclined shoulders of the harvested onion ridge, and steer and move the aircraft following the harvested onion ridge. . Between the wheel 38 and the tip of the excavating / transporting conveyor device 7, a ridge breaking disk 39 for breaking the shoulder of the harvest ridge is supported by a support arm 37, and a vertical and horizontal movement adjusting mechanism adjusts the vertical and horizontal movement. It is provided as possible.
[0023]
In the transmission 5 that receives power from the engine 4 and shifts, the continuously variable transmission (HST) is used to continuously change the speed. Speed change output. Then, the power transmission is connected and disconnected via a side clutch and a differential device so that the crawler 3 can be steplessly and steppedly shifted, and spin turning (super turning) can be performed. The speed-changed power is transmitted from the transmission 5 to each working unit, and the rotational speed of the speed change can be adjusted between stepless and stepped. The speed change and stepless or stepped traveling of the crawler 3 are combined. Thus, the digging operation speed can be set freely.
[0024]
Next, the operation of the onion harvester 1 of the embodiment configured as described above will be described. When harvesting green onions from a field, the green onion harvesting machine 1 positions the crawler 3 between the ridges of the target onion ridge, and makes the grounding wheel 38 roll and contact with the inclined shoulders of the onion ridge, thereby obtaining a digging and transporting conveyor device. The excavating blade 6 is moved up and down by the hydraulic cylinder 10 to adjust the excavating depth, and the ridge is disintegrated by the ridge breaking disk 39 by moving the fuselage forward. It excavates and places the root portion on a bar conveyor of the excavating and conveying conveyor device 7 and conveys the dirt adhering to the rhizome obliquely upward while falling. At the same time as the transport, the foliage of the green onion is nipped by the first nipping and transporting belt 8 and transported without being damaged.
[0025]
When the green onion N conveyed in a vertical position by the bar conveyor of the excavating and conveying conveyor device 7 and the first sandwiching conveying belt 8 reaches the end of the bar conveyor, the earth removal rotor 13 is a rhizome of the green onion N. The soil adhering to the rhizome is dropped. When the green onion N further moves and is nipped by the start end of the second nipping / conveying belt 9, the root of the root Na is soiled by the drum 14 and part of the root is cut off, and the remaining soil is soiled. It is removed without leaving with the action of the body 15. Then, the green onion N is discharged from the end of the first nipping and conveying belt 8, and the foliage is conveyed while being pinched by the second nipping and conveying belt 9, and the leaves are conveyed by the leaf conveying belt 33. At the end of the second nipping / conveying belt 9, it is discharged to the feed belt (work table) 32 in a lateral posture.
[0026]
The green onion N discharged on the feed belt 32 is cut at the root Na and the leaves by an operator standing on the operator's step or an operator (operator) sitting on the pilot seat (or standing at the seat position). Is done. Then, they are put together on the sorting table 34 by a predetermined amount, and bound on the binding table 35. The green onions of the sorting table 34 and the binding table 35 are packed in a bag or stored in a container and placed on the crop placing table 36.
[0027]
In addition, the onion harvesting machine 1 uses the stepless or stepped variable speed running of the crawlers 3 and 3 and the stepless or stepped variable speed rotation of each rotating portion to appropriately move and rotate according to field conditions and crop conditions. The speed can be selected, the work accuracy is high, and efficient harvesting is performed. Further, the crawlers 3 and 3 are capable of spinning (super turning), and the excavating / transporting conveyor device 7, the first nipping and conveying belt 8, the second nipping and conveying belt 9, the leaf portion are operated by the hydraulic cylinder 10. The conveyor belt 33, the grounding wheel 38, the ridge breaking disk 39, and the like are rotated upward to shorten the entire length of the fuselage 2, stably spin on the headland, etc., and move to the next harvest ridge by one rotation. can do.
[0028]
Further, in front of the digging / transporting conveyor device 7, grounding wheels 38, 38 are provided to follow the machine body along the length direction of the harvested green onion ridges, and are vertically adjusted with respect to the digging / transporting conveyor device 7. The wheels 38 are supported so that they can be adjusted up and down by the cylinder 40 and can be adjusted by the left and right movement adjustment mechanism. Automatic excavation / transportation is performed by the transport conveyor device 7, the first nip transport belt 8, and the second nip transport belt 9. Accordingly, the pilot can spend most of the time on the preparation of the green onion except for the operation of steering the aircraft at the ridge end of the target onion ridge.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the soil removal device of the leek harvester of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained by having the configuration described in the above claim.
[0030]
▲ 1 ▼. The soil removal drum and the soil removal body allow the soil attached to the root of the green onion to be removed efficiently and without leaving. Moreover, even when the soil in the field is damp or the roots of green onions are remarkably stretched, the soil removal performance is far superior to the conventional one.
▲ 2 ▼. When the dumping drum is moved parallel to the direction of transporting the green onion, the dumping body also moves in conjunction therewith, and the movement can be adjusted with respect to the length of the green onion so that the operation can be performed without changing the soil removing performance.
(3). Regardless of the position of the dumping drum, the dumping body is always parallel to the transport direction of the transport device and is located on the tangent to the dumping drum, so that the work performance can be kept constant.
[0031]
▲ 4 ▼. The relative distance between the earth removal drum and the earth removal body is constant, and the earth removal performance can be stabilized.
▲ 5 ▼. The moving position of the dropping body is below the nipping and transporting body (band) of the transfer device, and the dropping performance does not change.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a green onion harvester according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the main part.
FIG. 3 is an operation side view of the main part.
FIG. 4 is a front view of the main part.
FIG. 5 is a partial plan view of a first nipping and conveying belt.
FIG. 6 is a side view of a main part of the onion harvester according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a partial side view of the main part.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 leek harvester 2 body 3 crawler 4 engine 5 transmission 6 excavating blade 7 excavating / transporting conveyor device 8 first nipping / conveying belt 9 second nipping / conveying belt 10 hydraulic cylinders 11, 12 link arm 13 earth removal roller Table 14 Dropping drum 14a Vertical shaft 15 Dropping body 15a Rotating shaft 16 Transmission shaft 17 Transmission case 18 Chain transmission system 19 Dropping body support arm 20 Motor 21 Interlocking arm 21a Support pin 21b Pin 22 Electric cylinder 23 Belt tension member 23a Shaft 24 Rolling roller 25 Tension spring 26 Cam roll 27,31 Reciprocating body 28 Rotating disk 29 Crank arm 30 Swing arm 32 Feed belt (work table)
33 leaf conveying belt 34 sorting table 35 binding table 36 crop mounting table 36a worker step 37 support arm 38 grounding wheel 39 ridge breaking disk 40 vertical adjusting cylinder N transported onion Na onion root

Claims (7)

A traveling machine, a digging device for digging green onions vegetated in a field, a transporting device for transporting green onions dug by the digging device toward the rear of the machine body in a predetermined posture, and a transporting device. A green onion harvester equipped with a soil removal device for removing soil adhering to roots from green onions,
The soil removal device according to claim 1, wherein the soil removal device includes a soil removal body having a rotation axis parallel to a transport direction of the transport device. 2. The soil removal device according to claim 1, wherein the soil removal device includes a soil removal body having a rotation axis perpendicular to a transport direction of the transport device. 3. 2. The soil removal device according to claim 1, wherein the soil removal device includes a soil removal body having a combination of a rotation axis parallel and perpendicular to a transport direction of the transport device. 3. 2. The soil removal device according to claim 1, wherein the soil removal device includes a soil removal drum and a soil removal body disposed in front and behind with respect to a transport direction of the transport device. 3. 5. The soil removal device according to claim 1, wherein the soil removal device supports the soil removal drum and the soil removal body so as to be movable in parallel with a transport direction of the transport device. 2. The soil removal device for a green onion harvester according to claim 1, wherein the soil removal device has a support portion that supports the crop so as not to escape during the soil removal operation. 3. 2. The soil removal device according to claim 1, wherein the soil removal device is configured to rotate or reciprocate in a left-right direction by a cam or a link. 3.

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