JP2004329004A - Apparatus for removing soil in agricultural product harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently remove soil sticking to a root part in a process of transporting a Welsh onion, a residual stem, etc., dug out of a field with nipping and transporting apparatuses. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus 15 for removing the soil sticking to the root part Na designed to nip and transport the Welsh onion, residual stem N, etc., dug out with a digger 8 in a state of the exposed root part Na thereof with the nipping and transporting apparatuses 9 is arranged on the side of the root part Na of the Welsh onion, residual stem N, etc., transported with the nipping and transporting apparatuses 9 and brought into direct contact with the root part Na of the Welsh onion, residual stem N, etc., while rotating. The material of soil removers 15d to 15i can be changed according to the species of the crop to be harvested or the state of the root part Na and a frame 15a supporting the soil removers 15d to 15i can be exchanged. The frame 15a supporting the soil removers has no rotating shaft crossing the root part Na of the Welsh onion, residuals stem, etc. The frame 15a supporting the soil removers 15d to 15i of the apparatus 15 for removing the soil can be subjected to changeover to the normal/reverse rotation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an agricultural product harvester provided with a soil removal device for removing soil adhering to a root portion of a green onion, a trunk, etc. dug from a field in a process of being transported by a holding transport device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A self-propelled fuselage equipped with a pair of left and right crawler devices, from the front of the lower part of the fuselage toward the rear of the fuselage through the lower part of the fuselage, has a digging blade at the tip, continuous with this digging blade A digging / transporting conveyor device that places the roots of digged onion in a vertical position and transports it while lifting it, and a green onion dug up from a field located above the digging / transportation conveyor device And a soiling belt that is provided in the vicinity of the excavating / transporting conveyor device and the nipping / conveying belt, and that is squeezed and conveyed by the nipping / conveying belt to drop soil. A green onion harvester having a dumping rotor and a dumping drum has been proposed by the present applicant (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-312521 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The dumping rotor in the above-mentioned prior art green onion harvesting machine has a well-known cultivation rotor shape, and the dumping drum has a number of protrusions provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum. It has a rotation axis that is orthogonal to the root of the green onion, and it comes in contact with the root with the soil to drop the soil. For this reason, there have been problems to be improved, such as that the root of the green onion wraps around the rotating shaft and that the ground drop is insufficient.
Then, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a soil removal device for an agricultural product harvesting machine that improves the performance of the soil removal device and improves the efficiency of harvesting operation.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.
A. A digging device that digs green onions and trunks vegetated in a field on a traveling machine, and a pinch transport that nips and conveys green onions and stems digged by the digging device with the roots exposed. An agricultural product harvester equipped with a device and a soil removal device that removes soil attached to its roots from green onions or trunks conveyed by the nipping conveyance device,
The earth removal device is arranged on the root side of a green onion, a trunk, or the like conveyed by the nipping conveyance device, and is configured to directly contact the root of the green onion, the trunk or the like while rotating.
[0006]
B. The dropper can change the material of the dropper according to the type of crop to be harvested or the state of the root, and can replace the frame that supports the dropper.
C. The frame for supporting the dropping body of the dropping device does not have a rotation axis that intersects a root portion such as green onion or remnant trunk.
D. The frame for supporting the dropping body of the dropping device can be switched between forward and reverse rotation.
[0007]
[Action]
The above A to D. By having the configuration of (claims 1 to 4), the soil removal device in the agricultural product harvester of the present invention performs the following operations.
[0008]
▲ 1 ▼. The soil removal device is arranged on the root side of green onions and stalks conveyed by the nipping and conveying device, and directly contacts the roots of green onions and stalks while rotating, so that the green onion and stalks are conveyed by the nipping and conveying device. While the soil is being removed, the soil that has adhered to the roots, such as green onions and stems, is removed by the soil removal device.
▲ 2 ▼. The dropping device is capable of changing the material of the dropping body according to the type of crop to be harvested, or the state of the root, and by replacing the frame supporting the dropping body, the type of crop, Alternatively, an appropriate soil removal operation is performed by selecting the material of the soil removal body according to the state of the root. In addition, by exchanging the frame of the dropping body, the selection of the dropping body according to the type of crop or the state of the root can be easily and easily performed.
[0009]
(3). The frame that supports the dropping body of the dropping device does not have a rotating shaft that intersects the roots such as green onions and stalks, so that the roots of green onions and stalks do not wrap around the rotating shaft, thus improving work efficiency. Is improved.
▲ 4 ▼. The frame that supports the dropping body of the dropper can be switched between forward and reverse rotation, so select the forward or reverse rotation of the frame that supports the dropping body according to the state of the root such as green onions and remnants, and Land removal work is performed.
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be widely applied to, for example, a litter harvesting machine, a stem processing machine such as tobacco and corn, and the like.Hereinafter, an embodiment applied to a green onion harvesting machine will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. This will be specifically described.
1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a green onion harvester, and an airframe 2 is equipped with crawlers 3 and 3 which form a pair of right and left and enable spin (super-spot) turning. The engine 4 is mounted on one side and slightly behind the body 2, and a hydraulic device (not shown) driven by the engine 4 is mounted near the engine 4. A transmission 5 is provided between the crawlers 3 and 3 at a lower position near the rear of the body 2 so that the crawlers 3 and 3 and a later-described rotary drive portion are speed-change driven.
[0011]
The crawler 3 is driven by a driving wheel 3a at a rear portion of the body 2 in the forward direction to drive the crawler belt 3b, and the crawler 3b is pressed against the grounding side. Is supported by a pair of front and rear link members 3e so as to be vertically movable with respect to the frame of the body 2 so that the cylinder mechanism 3f can extend and contract between the wheel frame 3d and the frame of the body 2. And the ground portion of the crawler belt 3b can be moved up and down around the driving wheel 3a by expansion and contraction of the cylinder mechanism 3f.
[0012]
A digging blade 6 is provided at the tip from the lower front of the fuselage 2 between the crawlers 3 and 3 to the rear of the fuselage 2 through the lower center of the fuselage 2, and the digging blade 6 is continuous with the digging blade 6. A digging / transporting conveyor device 8 having an endless bar conveyor 7 for transporting the root portion of the green onion dug out by 6 while placing the root portion in a vertical position and lifting it is inclined in a backward inclined manner. A pair of left and right, which is longer than the excavating / transporting conveyor device 8, is located above the excavating / transporting conveyor device 8 and holds and transports the foliage of green onions dug from a field in a vertical position. Is provided.
[0013]
The base end of the excavating / transporting conveyor device 8 is pivotally supported on a support frame 10 which also serves as a transmission case projecting forward from the machine body 2 via a shaft 8a so as to be vertically rotatable. A bracket 8b is provided below the rear of the frame of the digging / transporting conveyor device 8, and a hydraulic cylinder 11 is interposed between the bracket 8b and the machine body 2. The excavating / transporting conveyor device 8 is configured to rotate vertically about a shaft 8a.
[0014]
The left and right opposing surfaces of the nipping and conveying belt 9 are pressed by a large number of pressure rollers 9a, 9a,... So as to pinch and transport the leek without damaging the foliage. 9 is pivotally supported by the distal end of a link arm 12 whose base end is pivotally attached to the frame of the digging and conveying conveyor device 8, and its rear end is pivotally attached to the base end by the body 2 side. It is pivotally supported at the tip of a link arm 13 also serving as a transmission case. When the base of the excavating / transporting conveyor device 8 rotates and moves upward, the nipping / conveying belt 9 is also moved rearward by the link arms 12 and 13 in conjunction with the upward movement. On the underside of the digging / transporting conveyor device 8, a tilling rotor-shaped dropping rotor 14 for dropping green onion soil is supported. Positioned there is a soil removal device 15 according to the invention. The soil removal device 15 has a function of removing soil adhering to the root portion of the green onion by directly contacting the root portion while rotating.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the soil removal device 15 is composed of various devices. 4A is a plan view of the nipping and conveying belt 9 and the soil removal device 15, FIG. 4B is a side view thereof, and FIG. 4C is a front view of the soil removal device 15. The earth removal device 15 connects the lower ends of a pair of left and right transmission frames 15a, 15a by a transmission shaft 15b, and attaches short mounting shafts 15c, 15c toward the inside at predetermined intervals at the upper ends of the transmission frames 15a, 15a. Protruding. The distance between the mounting shafts 15c, 15c is such that the root Na of the green onion N, which is nipped and conveyed by the nipping and conveying belt 9, easily passes, and the axis of the mounting shafts 15c, 15c is equal to the height of the lower end of the root Na. They are set to be almost equal. Then, various dropping bodies 15d to 15i shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 are replaceably mounted on the mounting shafts 15c, 15c. Therefore, the frames 15a, 15a supporting the drop bodies 15d to 15i of the drop apparatus 15 do not have a rotation axis intersecting the root Na of the green onion N. The frames 15a, 15a can be switched between forward and reverse rotations.
[0016]
The dropping bodies 15d to 15g shown in FIG. 5 have a horizontally long rectangular shape, and are provided with mounting portions 15e, 15e at the middle portions on both left and right sides, and are mounted on the mounting shafts 15c, 15c, and come into contact with the root Na of the green onion N. The material of the upper and lower sides has been changed. That is, the drop body 15d is made of metal (rigid body), the drop body 15f is made of synthetic resin (plastic body), and the drop body 15g is made of rubber (elastic body). The dropping body 15h shown in FIG. 6 is a horizontally long ellipse made of synthetic resin or rubber, and has attachment portions 15e, 15e on both sides. The drop body 15i shown in FIG. 7 has a tilling rotor shape attached to the mounting shafts 15c, 15c, respectively, and the root Na is passed between the drop bodies 15i, 15i. The dropping bodies 15d to 15i are selectively attached and used according to the type of the harvested green onion N or the state of the root Na.
[0017]
A start end portion of the second nipping and conveying belt 16 is continuously provided below a conveying end portion of the nipping and conveying belt 9. The second nipping and conveying belt 16 transfers the foliage of the green onion N which has been nipped and conveyed by the nipping and conveying belt 9 at the start end thereof, and ends in a twisted state (almost 45 degrees) while being conveyed in the vertical posture. The unit sequentially converts the posture into an oblique lateral posture and discharges the work table 17. A leaf transport belt 16a that supports and transports the leaves of the green onion N transported by the second grip transport belt 16 is provided on the side of the end of the second grip transport belt 16. It is provided coaxially with the terminal rotation support portion of the transport belt 16.
[0018]
The work table 17 is provided below the end of the second nipping / conveying belt 16 and is formed of a rectangular plate-like body that is long in the longitudinal direction of the body 2 and is inclined so that the worker side is low and the opposite side is high. are doing. The work table 17 is rotatable upward about a fulcrum 17a on the rear end side. In this worktable 17, the operator prepares, binds, or packs the green onion N discharged from the end portion of the second nipping / conveying belt 16, so that the green onion bundle packed or bagged is packed with the green onion N. An operation is performed in which a container (not shown) placed at the end of the worktable 17 or a predetermined amount of the worktable 17 is collectively stored in the storage table 18. The leek bundle prepared on the work table 17 is transferred to and mounted on a detachable storage table 18 provided behind the work table 17.
[0019]
On the side of the body 2 opposite to the engine 4, there are provided a control unit 19, a step 20 for a driver, a seat 21, a step 22 for an operator, an auxiliary step 22 a, and the like. An operator steps on the step 22 for the operator, and the support arm 21a of the seat 21 is attached to the operator (operator) so that the operator sitting on the seat 21 can work. Is freely rotatable so as to be able to face the control section 19 or the work table 17. The seat 21 has a structure that allows the operator (operator) to fall back and forth so that the operator can work while sitting or standing.
[0020]
A pair of left and right support arms 23, 23 protrude forward from the left and right frames of the excavating / transporting conveyor device 8, and the front ends of the support arms 23, 23 are inclined shoulder portions of the harvest target green onion ridge. A pair of grounding wheels 24, 24 which are in contact with each other are supported so as to face each other. The wheels 24, 24 serve as a ridge follower that follows the vertical movement of the machine body along the length direction of the target onion ridge, together with the vertical adjustment of the digging / transporting conveyor device 8. The transport conveyor device 8 is supported so that it can be adjusted vertically by a vertical adjustment cylinder 25 and can be adjusted horizontally by a left-right movement adjustment mechanism 24a. Also, the pair of wheels 24, 24 have a camber angle, rotate in contact with the inclined shoulders of the target onion ridge, and steer and move the aircraft following the target onion ridge. ing. A ridge breaking disk 26 for breaking the shoulder of the harvesting ridge is supported by the support arm 23 between the wheel 24 and the tip of the excavating / transporting conveyor device 8, and the up / down / left / right movement adjustment mechanism 26 a adjusts the up / down / left / right movement. It is provided as possible.
[0021]
The transmission 5 which receives power from the engine 4 and shifts is provided with a continuously variable hydraulic transmission (HST) (not shown) which continuously changes the speed. The power transmission is connected / disconnected via the side clutch and the differential device so that the crawlers 3 and 3 can be shifted steplessly and stepped, and spin turning (super turning) can be performed. . Further, the transmission 5 transmits the shifted power to the respective rotating parts, and the rotation speed thereof can be adjusted to be continuously variable or stepped. By combining them, the digging work speed can be set freely.
[0022]
Next, the operation of the onion harvester 1 of the embodiment configured as described above will be described. When the green onion harvester 1 harvests green onions N from the field, the crawlers 3 and 3 are positioned between the ridges of the target onion ridge, and the grounding wheels 24 and 24 are rolled and contacted with the inclined shoulders of the green onion ridge to excavate. The digging depth of the digging blade 6 portion of the picking / transporting conveyor device 8 is adjusted by the vertical adjusting cylinder 25 to adjust the digging depth. The root Na is placed on the bar conveyor 7 and the soil adhered to the root Na is dropped and conveyed obliquely upward. At the same time as the transport, the foliage of the green onion N is nipped by the nipping transport belt 9 and transported without being damaged. When the ridges on which the crawlers 3 and 3 travel are inclined left and right, one of the crawlers 3 and 3 is adjusted up and down to keep the machine body horizontal and travel.
[0023]
When the green onions N conveyed in the vertical position by the bar conveyor 7 and the holding conveyor belt 9 reach the end of the bar conveyor 7, the earth removal rotor 14 contacts the rhizomes of the green onions N and adheres to the rhizomes. That soil is dropped. When the green onion N further moves, any one of the dropping bodies 15d to 15i of the dropping device 15 comes into contact with the root Na while rotating, and the soil attached to the root is removed. Immediately before the green onion is discharged from the end of the nipping and conveying belt 9, the foliage of the green onion N is nipped and transported by the second nipping and conveying belt 16, and the leaves are conveyed by the leaf conveying belt 16a. Then, the second holding / conveying belt 16 is discharged to the work table 17 in a lateral posture at the end portion.
[0024]
The green onion N discharged onto the workbench 17 is prepared or bound by an operator standing on the operator's step 22 or an operator (operator) sitting on the seat 21 (or standing on the seat 21). The leek bundles tied or bagged, bundled or bagged are bundled together in a substantially predetermined amount, or stored in a container, moved to the rear of the work table 17, moved to the storage table 18, and placed there. You.
[0025]
Here, the onion harvester 1 uses the stepless or stepped variable speed running of the crawlers 3 and 3 and the stepless or stepped variable speed rotation of each rotating portion to set an appropriate moving speed and speed according to field conditions and crop conditions. The rotation speed can be selected, the work accuracy is high, and efficient harvesting is performed. The crawlers 3 and 3 are capable of spinning (super turning), and are driven by a hydraulic cylinder 11 to carry out a digging / transporting conveyor device 8, a nipping transport belt 9, a second nipping transport belt 16, and a leaf transport belt 16a. By rotating the grounding wheel 24, the ridge breaking disk 26, etc. upward, the total length of the fuselage 2 can be shortened, and the spinning can be stably rotated on a headland or the like, and can be moved to the next harvest ridge in one rotation. it can.
[0026]
Further, in front of the digging / transporting conveyor device 8, there are provided grounding wheels 24, 24 which follow the machine body along the length direction of the harvested green onion ridges, and are vertically adjusted with respect to the digging / transporting conveyor device 8. The wheels 24 are supported so as to be adjustable up and down by the cylinder 25 and adjustable to the right and left by the right and left movement adjusting mechanism 24a. -Automatic excavation / transportation is performed by the transport conveyor device 8, the nipping transport belt 9, and the second nipping transport belt 16. Therefore, the pilot can spend most of the time on the preparation, bundling, and bagging operations except for the operation of the fuselage on the ridge end of the target onion ridge.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the soil removal device of the agricultural product harvester of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained by having the configuration described in the claims.
[0028]
▲ 1 ▼. The soil removal device is arranged on the root side such as green onions and trunks conveyed by the nipping and transporting device, and is configured to directly contact the roots such as green onions and trunks while rotating. While transporting the soil, the soil removal device can efficiently remove the soil adhering to the roots such as green onions and remnants.
[0029]
▲ 2 ▼. The dropping device is capable of changing the material of the dropping body according to the type of crop to be harvested, or the state of the root, and the frame supporting the dropping body is replaceable, so the type of crop, or By selecting the material of the dropping body according to the state of the root, an appropriate dropping operation can be performed. Further, by exchanging the frame of the dropping body, it is possible to easily and easily select the dropping body according to the type of the crop or the state of the root.
(3). The frame that supports the dropping body of the dropping device does not have a rotating shaft that intersects the roots of green onions and remaining stems, so that the roots of green onions and remaining stems do not wind around the rotating shaft, and work efficiency is improved. Can be improved.
▲ 4 ▼. The frame that supports the dropping body of the dropper can be switched between forward and reverse rotation, so select the normal or reverse rotation of the frame that supports the dropping body according to the state of the root such as green onion or remnant trunk Thereby, an appropriate soil drop operation can be performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall left side view of a green onion harvester to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a right side view of the same.
4 (a) is a plan view of the nipping / conveying belt and the soil removal device according to the present invention, FIG. 4 (b) is a side view thereof, and FIG. 4 (c) is a front view of the soil removal device.
5 (a) is a plan view of the nipping / conveying belt and the soil removal device according to the present invention, FIG. 5 (b) is a side view thereof, FIG. 5 (c) is a front view of the soil removal device, and FIGS. It is a different front view of a dropped body.
6A is a plan view of another embodiment of the holding and conveying belt and the soil removal device according to the present invention, FIG. 6B is a side view of the same, and FIG. 6C is a front view of the soil removal device.
7A is a plan view of another embodiment of the nipping and conveying belt and the soil removal device according to the present invention, FIG. 7B is a side view thereof, and FIG. 7C is a front view of the soil removal device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Leek harvester 2 Body 3 Crawler 3a Driving wheel 3b Crawler belt 3c Grounding wheel 3d Wheel frame 3e Link member 3f Cylinder mechanism 4 Engine 5 Transmission 6 Digging blade 7 Endless bar conveyor 8 Digging / transporting conveyor device 8a Shaft 8b Bracket 9 Nipping / conveying belt 9a Pressure roller 10 Support frame 11 Hydraulic cylinders 12, 13 Link arm 14 Earth removal rotor 15 Earth removal device 15a Transmission frame 15b Transmission shaft 15c Mounting shaft 15d Earth removal body made of metal (rigid body) 15e Attachment part 15f Dropper made of synthetic resin (plastic) 15g Dropper made of rubber (elastic) 15h Horizontal elliptical dropper made of synthetic resin or rubber 15i Rotor-shaped dropper 16 second Nipping and Conveying Belt 16a Leaf Conveying Belt 1 7 Work table 17a Support point 18 Storage table 19 Operating section 20 Step 21 for operator Step 21 Seat 21a Support arm 22 Step for operator 22a Auxiliary step 23 Wheel support arm 24 Grounding wheel 24a Left and right movement adjustment mechanism 25 Vertical adjustment cylinder 26 Disintegration disk 26a Up / down / left / right movement adjustment mechanism N Onion Na Onion root

Claims (4)

A digging device for digging green onions and stems vegetated in a field on a traveling machine, and a pinch transport for squeezing and transporting green onions and stems digged by the digging device with the roots exposed. An agricultural product harvester including a device and a soil removal device that removes soil adhering to its roots from green onions, stems, and the like conveyed by the holding and conveying device,
In the agricultural harvester, wherein the soil removal device is disposed on the root side such as green onion or trunk that is conveyed by the holding and conveying device, and is configured to directly contact the root such as green onion or trunk while rotating. Earth removal equipment. The said dropping device, the material of the dropping body can be changed according to the type of crop to be harvested or the state of the root, and the frame supporting the dropping body can be replaced. Item 2. A soil removal device in the agricultural product harvester according to Item 1. 3. The soil removal device according to claim 1, wherein a frame supporting the soil removal body of the soil removal device does not have a rotation axis that intersects a root portion such as a green onion or a remnant stem. 4. The soil removal device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a frame supporting the soil removal body of the soil removal device is switchable between forward and reverse rotations.

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