JP3071741B2 - Onion harvester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a walking / self-propelled harvester (hereinafter referred to as a harvester) which digs root crops such as onions and carrots from a field, lifts and conveys the digged root crops and collects them. , Onion harvester).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A digging device for digging planted root crops such as onions and carrots from a field, a transfer device for inheriting and transporting root crops sent from the digging device, and a transfer process. There is known a self-propelled onion harvesting machine that has a cutting device for separating foliage from root crops and collects and processes root crops after tapping removal of the foliage by means such as a conveyor. For example, Japanese Utility Model Application
632, and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-192120).

[0003]

The conventional onion harvester disclosed in the above publication corrects each root crop in a proper posture when cutting the foliage of root crops dug out from the field. Since a special device that cuts the foliage while maintaining it was required, the device was particularly complicated and the finish was likely to be irregular, even though the entire machine was complicated. There is a problem that collection and post-collection post-collection handling are not easy because individual root crops are handled in pieces even after cutting.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been embodied with the object of obtaining an onion harvesting machine which can eliminate the above-mentioned problems, and has taken the following technical means to achieve the object. I have an onion harvester. A transmission case 13 containing an engine 12 and a transmission mechanism interlocked with an output portion thereof ; left and right final cases 16 and 17 connected to the transmission case 13; and drive wheels pivotally supported by the final cases 16 and 17 respectively. 18 and 19, a frame 20 connected to the transmission case 13 or the final cases 16 and 17 and extending forward, and a gauge wheel 2 which is disposed in front of the drive wheels 18 and is mounted to be adjustable in elevation.
1, constitutes a walk-self vehicle 10 in such a steering wheel 22 which extends rearward and upward from the frame 20, the drive wheel
One of 18.19 is final case 1 of the other
6 and larger than the drive wheel 18 and offset laterally
As a result, both drive wheels 18 and 19 are
A pair of left and right scraping devices 35, 35 having endless bands 34, 34 with elastic transport projections are provided at the front of the walking type self-propelled vehicle 10 so that the valleys on the side can be shifted. Rutotomoni, ahead in the traveling direction site of the scraping device 35, 35,
Foliage 27a of a plurality of rows of root crops 27 planted on ridges 23
A vertical weeding device 36 for separating left and right is provided, and a root vegetable crop introduced between the vertical weeding devices 36 is provided below the scraping devices 35. 27
An excavating device 28 that travels while excavating an appropriately lower part of the underground portion of the ground is provided. The excavating device 28 , a transport device 26 that extracts and transports the root crops, and a transfer device 26. A cutting device 31 for separating the foliage 27a from the root crop in transit is arranged to release the root crop that has been separated from the foliage, and the transfer device 26 is configured to release the foliage 2 of the root crop.
An upper conveying device 24 for nipping and transporting the root crop 7a, and a lower conveying device 25 for nipping and transporting the root vegetable crop while holding the neck 27b of the root vegetable crop while preventing the root vegetable crop from moving upward.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall side view of an onion harvester according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view, FIG. 3 is a transmission system diagram of the onion harvester according to the present invention, FIG.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state after the operation by the onion harvester of the present invention.

The onion harvester of the embodiment is of a walking type, and comprises a self-propelled vehicle 10 and a working unit 11. The self-propelled vehicle 10 includes an engine 12, a transmission case 13 having a transmission mechanism interlocked with an output unit thereof, and transmission cases 14 and 15 extending right and left from the transmission case 13.
And the right and left final cases 16 and 17 connected to each transmission case, and the final cases 16 and 17 respectively.
17, a frame 20 supported by the transmission case 13 and the left and right final cases 16 and 17 and extending forward, and one drive wheel 18.
And a control handle 22 extending rearward and upward from the frame 20 and the like.

[0007] The left and right final cases 16 and 17
2 and 4, one of the driving wheels 18 and 19 is biased laterally to a greater extent than the other final case and the driving wheels 16 and 18, as shown in FIGS. By providing the two driving wheels 18.1
9 allows the valleys on both sides of the ridge 23 to be shifted,
In some cases, one final case 17 (16)
In addition, by making the transmission case 15 supporting the drive wheels 19 (18) and the transmission mechanism built in the transmission case 15 extendable and contractible, the position of the drive wheels 19 can be adjusted according to the difference in the width of the ridge 23. Good.

[0008] The frame 20 of the self-propelled vehicle 10 is composed of a tubular case 20a oriented horizontally and a pipe member 2 extending forward therefrom.
The working unit 11 is configured by assembling various components into the frame 20. Working unit 11
The components of the upper transport device 24 which is inclined to the front low and rear high
And a lower transporting device 25 provided below the upper transporting device 24 at a lower inclination angle than the upper transporting device 24, and the root crop 2 planted in rows in the ridges 23.
A digging device 28 for digging the 7th group, and a binding device 3 for arranging the convergence path 29 in communication with the transfer end of the lower transport space 25.
0, a cutting device 31 disposed above the binding device 30 and below the upper conveying device 24, and the like, which constitutes the working unit 11 for harvesting the root crop 27.

The upper transfer device 24 has a pair of transfer endless belts 33, 33 which are softly elastic and stretched around transfer cases 32, 32 arranged side by side on the left and right, respectively. The root route crop 27 is configured to be transported by pinching a portion near the tip of the foliage 27a of the root crop 27 in the transport route A1. Then, the transfer end portion of the sandwiching transfer path A1 is formed to be bent laterally in a plan view as shown in FIG.
Of the root vegetable crop bundle 27c sent out from the collecting passage 29 of FIG.

[0010] A pair of left and right scraping devices 35, 35 having endless bands 34, 34 with elastic transport projections are provided on the transport start end side of the nipping transport path A1. At the front part in the traveling direction of 35, a vertical weeding device 36 for separating the foliage 27a of a plurality of rows of root crops 27 planted on the ridges 23 into left and right is installed. A digging device 2 that travels while excavating an appropriate portion below the underground portion of the root crop 27 introduced between the vertical weeding devices 36 is provided below the transport start end of the route A1.
The digging device 28 is provided with a vibrating blade having a convex shape in a plan view (see FIG. 2).

On the other hand, the lower transfer device 25 of the transfer device 26
The neck portion 27 of the root crop 27 is formed by a sandwiching transfer path A2 formed by a pair of left and right soft elastic transfer endless belts 37.
The transfer end of the holding transfer path A2 is positioned so as to enter the converging passage 29 of the bundling device 30 mounted horizontally at a predetermined position of the frame 20. The door 58 of the binding device 30 is located on the lower side of the transfer end.

The illustrated door 38 is designed to open and rotate sideways around a vertical rotation axis.
It may be configured to open and rotate downward about the horizontal image axis. In some cases, the door may be used as a bundle discharge guide plate 39 provided in the rear direction of the converging passage 29 and serving as a door. You may. Further, the upper transport device 24 is located above the binding device 30.
The lower part of the neck 2
7b and the foliage 27a of the root crop 27 in which the foliage 27a is gripped by the upper conveying device 24
A cutting device 31 is provided for cutting off the tip portion of the cutting device. The cutting device 31 may be a fixed blade as shown in the drawing, or may be a driven cutting such as a rotary blade or a reciprocating blade. It may be a blade.

Among the components of the working unit 11 composed as described above, those which are driven by power, that is, are linked to the upper transfer device 24 and the lower transfer device 25 of the transfer device 26 and the front of the transfer device 26. Scraping devices 35 to be installed
And the vertical weeding device 36, the digging device 28, the binding device 30
Are driven by a transmission structure as shown in FIG. In the figure, the transmission case 13 to the clutch 3
9, a work output shaft 40 extending forward through a transmission cylinder 41 in the front-rear direction and a cylindrical case 20a of the frame 20.
And is interlockingly connected to a drive shaft 42 that is bearing-supported by the cylindrical case 20a.

A bevel gear mechanism 43 is attached to the drive shaft 42.
The binding input shaft 44, which is interlocked and coupled via the link, extends downward, and is configured to drive the binding device 30 as intended by the power transmitted through the binding input shaft 44, and 30 always provided with a rotating shaft 45
45, the pair of left and right soft elastic transport endless belts 37 of the lower transport device 25 are each configured to be rotationally driven in a predetermined direction.

On the other hand, the bevel gear mechanism 4
Upper transport drive shaft 47.4 interlockingly connected via 6.46
7 are projected upward, and these upper transport drive shafts 47.4 are provided.
7, the pair of left and right soft elastic transport endless belts 33 in the upper transport device 24 are each configured to be rotationally driven in a predetermined direction. Further, the scraping devices 35, 35 are commonly driven to rotate by front shafts 48, 48 each having a ring around which the soft elastic transport endless belts 33 are wound. 36 is also configured to be rotationally driven by a transmission mechanism 49 interlocked with one of the front shafts 48.

Further, cranks 50, 50 are provided at the left and right ends of the drive shaft 42, and the front ends of the pitmen 51, 51 connected to the rear ends thereof, respectively, support the general blades of the digging device 28. The oscillating blade is connected to the oscillating arms 52 so as to reciprocally oscillate the oscillating blade back and forth. Each swing arm 52 is attached to the frame 20 with a fulcrum shaft 53, and the upper part and the lower part swing back and forth around the fulcrum shaft 53. In the illustrated embodiment, the cutting device 31 is used.
Is a fixed blade, so the swinging structure of the cutting device 31 is not shown. However, in the case of a drive-type cutting device, the drive shaft 42 is configured to be driven by transmitting power from the drive shaft 42 by appropriate transmission means. do it.

When the self-propelled walking vehicle 10 is self-propelled as desired in the field where the root crops 27 are planted, the onion harvester configured as described above is moved to the upper part of the transfer device 26. The transport device 24 maintains the tip portion of the foliage 27a of the root vegetable crop, and the underground portion of the root vegetable crop is dug up by the digging device 28. Thus, the excavated root vegetable crop continues to be pinched by the upper conveying device 24 at the tip of the foliage 27a, and the neck 2
7b is sandwiched by the lower transfer device 25 and the upper and lower transfer devices 2
Focusing passage 2 of binding device 80 with transfer action of 4.25
9, the root crop is regulated so as not to move upward by the neck portion 27b being pinched by the lower transport device 25. When reaching the focusing passage 29, the length of the foliage 27a from the neck to the upper transport device is maintained at a predetermined length.

When the root crops are collected in the collecting passage 29 of the binding device 30 in such a posture, the tip portion of the foliage of the root vegetables is located above the binding device 30 and below the upper conveying device 24. Cutting device 3 disposed at the site
1, i.e., only the tip of the foliage is cut off while leaving the foliage having a length from the neck to the upper conveying device on the root side. Then, the separated foliage portion 27a is carried out to a desired place by the upper transport device, and the root vegetable crop group collected in a predetermined amount in the focusing passage 29 of the binding device 30 is bound, and the root vegetable crop bundle after the binding is collected. Is sent to the required place.

[0019]

The present invention has the following advantages because it is constructed as described above. As described in claim 1, the transfer device 26 holds the foliage portion 27a of the root vegetable crop and transfers it, and the upper transport device 24 holds the neck portion 27b of the root vegetable crop while preventing the root vegetable crop from moving upward. Since it is constituted by the lower transfer device 25 for transferring, the upper transfer device 2
4, the foliage portion is pulled upward, the root portion is held and clamped by the lower transport device 25, and the root crop is transported while being maintained at a constant height without moving upward, and cut at the set height, Root vegetables with a uniform length of stem can be harvested.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of an onion harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the onion harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a transmission system diagram of the onion harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a working state by the onion harvester of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state after the operation by the onion harvester of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 24 Upper transfer device 25 Lower transfer device 26 Transfer device 27 Root crops 27a Foliage of root crops 27b Neck of root crops 28 Digging device 29 Focusing path 30 Bundling device 31 Cutting device 38 Door A1 Nipping transfer route

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A transmission case (13) containing an engine (12), a transmission mechanism linked to an output of the engine (12), and left and right final cases (16) connected to the mission case (13).
17, drive wheels 18 and 19 pivotally supported by the respective final cases 16 and 17, a frame 20 connected to the transmission case 13 or the final cases 16 and 17 and extending forward, and a front of the drive wheels 18. The gauge wheel 21 and the frame 2
The walk-behind self-propelled vehicle 10 is constituted by a steering wheel 22 extending rearward and upward from 0, and the driving wheels 18 and 19
One is the other of the final case 16 and the drive wheel 1
By displacing laterally larger than 8
Drive wheels 18 and 19 move along the valleys on both sides of the ridge 23
So that the front part of the walking type self-propelled vehicle 10
Pair of left and right scraping device 35, 35 with the endless belt 34, 34 dated elastic conveyor protrusions are So設, the direction of travel sites of the scraping device 35, 35, is planted in furrows 23 A vertical weeding device 36 for separating the stems and leaves 27a of the root crops 27 in a plurality of rows into left and right sides is provided, and a vertical turning type weeding device is provided below the scraping devices 35. There is provided a digging device 28 which travels while excavating an appropriately lower portion of the underground portion of the root vegetable crop 27 introduced between the grass devices 36, and the digging device 28 and a transfer device 26 for extracting and transporting the root vegetable crop. And a cutting device 31 for separating the foliage 27a from the root crop that is being transferred by the transfer device 26 , so as to release the root vegetable crop after the foliage is separated. Upper transport for nipping and transporting the part 27a The location 24, the neck of the root crops 27
An onion harvesting machine comprising a lower transport device 25 that transports root crops while nipping the root vegetables while preventing the crops from moving upward.