CN108450135B - Wheel type coupling bionic drag-reducing loss-reducing corn ear picking device - Google Patents

Wheel type coupling bionic drag-reducing loss-reducing corn ear picking device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108450135B
CN108450135B CN201810442566.8A CN201810442566A CN108450135B CN 108450135 B CN108450135 B CN 108450135B CN 201810442566 A CN201810442566 A CN 201810442566A CN 108450135 B CN108450135 B CN 108450135B
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roller
wheel
ear picking
corn
chain
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CN108450135A (en
Inventor
付乾坤
付君
周玉婷
陈志�
安迎
任露泉
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/02Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
    • A01D45/021Cornheaders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/02Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
    • A01D45/021Cornheaders
    • A01D45/025Snapping rolls

Abstract

The invention discloses a wheeled coupling bionic drag reduction and loss reduction corn ear picking device, which comprises a frame, a gearbox, a stem pulling roller combination, a mowing knife, a straw pulling chain, a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket, a straw pulling chain tensioning device, a chain protection plate welding, a spring pressing plate welding, a buffer spring, an ear picking mechanism mounting plate, a coupling bionic ear picking wheel and the like; the coupling bionic ear picking wheel consists of a roller, a roller shaft, a bracket, a supporting shaft, a spring seat and the like. The corn cob picking device can reduce the corn kernel dropping loss caused by collision of corn ears and the corn cob picking device, simultaneously can reduce the stalk pulling resistance of the stalk pulling roller, reduce the falling off and broken stalks of corn stalk blades, effectively discharge the falling corn stalk blades and broken stalks, reduce the impurity content of the ear harvesting, and generally achieve the beneficial effects of reducing the loss, reducing the energy consumption and reducing the impurity content of a corn harvester header.

Description

Wheel type coupling bionic drag-reducing loss-reducing corn ear picking device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a wheel type coupling bionic drag-reducing and damage-reducing corn picking device capable of reducing corn cutting table picking resistance and reducing grain loss in the corn picking process.
Background
The corn combine harvester cutting table mainly has two different ear picking mechanisms, one is a roller type ear picking mechanism, the stalks are pulled to the ground by the spiral lacing wires on the ear picking roller through the relative inward rotation of the ear picking roller, and the corn ears are picked off by the cylindrical surface of the ear picking roller. The defect that the spiral lacing wire on the snapping roll collides with the base of the corn ear at a high speed is that the loss of gnawing and falling of seeds is easy to occur. The other is a plate-type ear picking mechanism, which pulls cornstalks to the ground through the relative inward rotation of a stalk pulling roller, and picks off corn ears through the resistance action of an ear picking plate. The corn stalk has the defects that the corn stalk generates larger friction resistance with the ear picking plate in the pulling-down process, the power consumption is increased, the stalk is easily cut off and pulled off at the edge of the ear picking plate, the broken stalks of the corn stalk are mixed, the difficulty of subsequent cleaning is increased, and the corn stalk generates high-speed collision with the ear picking plate under the action of the pull of the stalk pulling roller, so that seeds fall off and loss is increased.
Therefore, if a novel corn cutting table spike picking mechanism can be provided aiming at the defects of the corn spike picking cutting table, the problems of spike gnawing loss, grain dropping loss, more broken stems and larger power consumption are solved, and the corn spike picking mechanism has a larger effect on the technical improvement of corn spike picking.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a wheel type coupling bionic drag reduction and loss reduction corn ear picking device which can reduce corn kernel dropping loss caused by collision between corn ears and the corn ear picking device, simultaneously reduce stem pulling resistance of a stem pulling roller, reduce falling off and broken stems of corn stem blades, effectively discharge the falling corn blades and broken stems, reduce impurity content of ear harvesting, and generally achieve the beneficial effects of reducing loss, reducing energy consumption and reducing impurity content of a corn harvester header.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the wheel type coupling bionic drag reduction loss reduction corn ear picking device is of a symmetrical structure, and comprises a frame, a gearbox, a stem pulling roller combination, a mowing knife, a seedling pulling chain, a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket, a seedling pulling chain tensioning device, a chain protection plate welding part, a spring pressing plate welding part, a buffer spring, an ear picking mechanism mounting plate, a coupling bionic ear picking wheel and the like; the coupling bionic ear picking wheel consists of a roller, a roller shaft, a bracket, a supporting shaft, a spring seat and the like; the gearbox is positioned at the rear part of the frame; the rear end of the stalk rolls is arranged on the gearbox, and the front end of the stalk rolls is arranged on the frame through stalk roll supports; the mowing knife is fixed on the frame and positioned at the lower part of the outer side of the stalk pulling roller; the driving chain wheel is positioned at the top of the gearbox, the driven chain wheel is positioned at the front end of the frame, and the seedling pulling chain is arranged on the driving chain wheel and the driven chain wheel and is tensioned by the seedling pulling chain tensioning device; the chain guard plate welding part is positioned at one side of the tight edge of the reel chain, and consists of a chain guard plate and a fixed pipe; the spring pressing plate welding is positioned at the outer side of the protective chain plate welding, and consists of a pressing plate and a spring column; the upper end of the buffer spring is arranged on a spring column welded by the spring pressing plate, and the lower end of the buffer spring is arranged on a spring seat of the coupling bionic spike picking wheel; the coupling bionic ear picking wheels are arranged in two rows, more than two rows are distributed on the inner sides of two sides of the frame, symmetrically arranged on the mounting plate of the ear picking mechanism, and the mounting direction is that one end with the roller is inward and one end with the spring seat is outward; above-mentioned coupling bionical ear of grain wheel of plucking, its characterized in that: the whole lever structure that is, each part is in the same place through the leg joint, and gyro wheel and roller axle are located the support front end, install the gyro wheel bearing between roller axle and the support, and the back shaft is located the support middle part, and the back shaft both ends are installed on plucking ear of grain mechanism mounting panel through the back shaft bearing, and the spring holder is located the support rear portion, comprises the stalk portion at both ends and the supporting part in the middle, stalk portion and leg joint, and the supporting part is used for installing buffer spring.
The welding parts of the protective chain plate and the spring pressing plate are fixed on the frame through bolts of the protective chain plate.
The wheel type coupling bionic drag reduction loss reduction corn picking device has a gap between two sides of the wheel type coupling bionic picking wheels of 15mm to 40mm.
The total length of the roller part of the wheel type coupling bionic corn cob picking device for reducing drag and loss is less than 200mm.
The coupling bionic ear picking wheel is made of flexible materials, the diameter of the roller ranges from 15mm to 60mm, the roller convex edges with smaller size are arranged on the roller, and the protruding height range of the roller convex edges ranges from 0.5mm to 5 mm.
The two ends of the supporting shaft of the coupling bionic ear picking wheel are fixed on an ear picking mechanism mounting plate on the frame through supporting shaft bolts.
The working principle and the working process of the invention are as follows:
the main machine inputs power through an input shaft of the gearbox, the gearbox drives the stalk pulling roller combination and the driving sprocket to rotate respectively, meanwhile, the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket drive the stalk pulling chain to rotate, along with the advancing of the whole corn harvester, corn stalks enter between the two stalk pulling rollers under the action of the stalk pulling chain and are clamped and pulled downwards by the stalk pulling rollers, and the friction between the corn stalks and the coupling bionic ear picking wheel is rolling friction due to the action of the roller and the roller rib, so that the friction force is reduced; the rotation of the roller can convey the blades from which the cornstalk falls to the space between the stalk pulling rollers for further discharge; the corn ears collide with the coupling bionic ear picking wheel in the corn stalk pulling process, the energy of the collision can be converted into spring potential energy and dissipated due to the buffering effect of the buffer spring, and the roller is made of flexible materials, so that the collision to the corn ears in the corn ear picking process is further reduced, and the dropping loss of seeds caused by the collision at the bottoms of the corn ears is reduced; when the coupling bionic picking wheel is subjected to downward tension of corn ears, the rollers can be mutually abutted due to compression of the buffer springs, and the rollers can clamp the bases of the corn ears more tightly, so that the corn ears are easy to pick off.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the structure of the coupling bionic ear picking wheel imitates a biological flexible structure, so that the corn kernel dropping loss caused by collision between corn ears and an ear picking device can be reduced;
2. the motion form of the coupling bionic ear picking wheel simulates the motion form of a human body mechanism, and is beneficial to clamping and applying force of the ear picking Shi Guo ears;
3. can reduce the resistance of the stalk pulling roller to pull the stalks, reduce the falling of the corn stalk leaves, effectively discharge the fallen corn leaves and reduce the impurity content of corn ear harvest.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention (cut away on one side).
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the coupling bionic stripping wheel installation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a B-B cross-sectional view of fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the welding structure of the link plate of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the welding structure of the spring compression plate of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the gear box, 2, buffer spring, 3, spring hold-down plate seam, 4, frame, 5, mowing knife, 6, stalk pulling roller combination, 7, stalk pulling roller support, 8, driven sprocket, 9, reel chain tensioning device, 10, reel chain, 11, guard chain plate bolt, 12, coupling bionic spike picking wheel, 13, driving sprocket, 14, guard chain plate seam, 15, spike picking mechanism mounting plate, 16, supporting shaft, 17, roller, 18, bracket, 19, spring seat, 20, supporting shaft bolt, 21, roller bead, 22, supporting shaft bearing, 23, roller shaft, 24, roller shaft bearing, 25, spring column, 26, pressing plate, 27, fixed pipe, 28.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, a wheel type coupling bionic drag reduction and loss reduction corn ear picking device is generally symmetrical in structure and comprises a frame 4, a gearbox 1, a stem pulling roller combination 6, a mowing knife 5, a reel chain 10, a driving sprocket 13, a driven sprocket 8, a reel chain tensioning device 9, a guard chain plate welding 14, a spring pressing plate welding 3, a buffer spring 2, an ear picking mechanism mounting plate 15, a coupling bionic ear picking wheel 12 and the like; the coupling bionic ear picking wheel 12 consists of a roller 17, a roller shaft 23, a bracket 18, a supporting shaft 16, a spring seat 19 and the like; the gearbox 1 is positioned at the rear part of the frame 4; the rear end of the stalk-pulling roller combination 6 is arranged on the gearbox 1, and the front end is arranged on the frame 4 through a stalk-pulling roller support 7; the mowing knife 5 is fixed on the frame 4 and is positioned at the lower part of the outer side of the stalk-pulling roller combination 6; the driving chain wheel 13 is positioned at the top of the gearbox 1, the driven chain wheel 8 is positioned at the front end of the frame 4, and the seedling pulling chain 10 is arranged on the driving chain wheel 13 and the driven chain wheel 8 and is tensioned by the seedling pulling chain tensioning device 9; the guard chain plate welding 14 is positioned on the tight side of the reel chain 10, and the guard chain plate welding 14 consists of a guard chain plate 28 and a fixed pipe 27; the spring pressing plate weld 3 is positioned at the outer side of the guard chain plate weld 14, and the spring pressing plate weld 3 consists of a pressing plate 26 and a spring column 25; the upper end of the buffer spring 2 is arranged on a spring column 25 of the spring pressing plate welded 3, and the lower end of the buffer spring is arranged on a spring seat 19 of the coupling bionic spike picking wheel 12; the coupling bionic ear picking wheels 12 are arranged in two rows, more than 2 are arranged in each row, are distributed on the inner sides of two sides of the frame 4, are symmetrically arranged on the ear picking mechanism mounting plates 15, and are arranged in the direction that one end with the roller 17 is inwards, and one end with the spring seat 19 is outwards; the coupling bionic spike picking wheel 12 is characterized in that: the whole structure is lever type structure, and each part is in the same place through support 18, and gyro wheel 17 and roller shaft 23 are located the support 18 front end, install gyro wheel bearing 24 between roller shaft 23 and the support 18, and back shaft 16 is located the support 18 middle part, and back shaft 16 both ends are installed on plucking ear mechanism mounting panel 15 through back shaft bearing 22, and spring holder 19 is located the support 18 rear portion, comprises the stalk portion at both ends and the supporting part in the middle, and the stalk portion is connected with support 18, and the supporting part is used for installing buffer spring 2.
The guard plate welds 14 and the spring hold-down plate welds 3 are all fixed on the frame 4 by guard plate bolts 11.
The gap between the wheel type coupling bionic drag reduction and loss reduction corn picking device and the coupling bionic picking wheels 12 at the two sides is 15mm to 40mm.
The total length of the rollers 17 on the single coupling bionic corn picking wheel 12 of the wheel coupling bionic corn picking device for reducing drag and loss is less than 200mm.
The coupling bionic ear picking wheel 12 is characterized in that the roller 17 is made of flexible materials, the diameter of the roller 17 ranges from 15mm to 60mm, the roller convex edges 21 with smaller sizes are arranged on the roller 17, and the protruding height of the roller convex edges ranges from 0.5mm to 10mm.
The two ends of the supporting shaft 16 of the coupling bionic ear picking wheel 12 are fixed on the ear picking mechanism mounting plate 15 on the frame 4 through the supporting shaft bolts 20.
The corn cob picking device can reduce the corn kernel dropping loss caused by collision of the corn cob and the corn cob picking device, simultaneously can reduce the stalk pulling resistance of the stalk pulling roller, reduce the falling of corn stalk blades, effectively discharge the fallen corn blades and reduce the impurity content of corn cob harvesting, thereby achieving the beneficial effects of reducing the loss, reducing the energy consumption and reducing the impurity content of a corn harvester header as a whole.

Claims (6)

1. A wheel type coupling bionic drag reduction loss reduction corn ear picking device is characterized in that: the harvester is of a symmetrical structure and comprises a frame (4), a gearbox (1), a stalk pulling roller combination (6), a mowing knife (5), a seedling pulling chain (10), a driving sprocket (13), a driven sprocket (8), a seedling pulling chain tensioning device (9), a chain protection plate welding (14), a spring pressing plate welding (3), a buffer spring (2), a spike picking mechanism mounting plate (15) and a coupling bionic spike picking wheel (12); the coupling bionic ear picking wheel (12) consists of a roller (17), a roller shaft (23), a bracket (18), a supporting shaft (16) and a spring seat (19); the gearbox (1) is positioned at the rear part of the frame (4); the rear end of the stalk-pulling roller combination (6) is arranged on the gearbox (1), and the front end is arranged on the frame (4) through a stalk-pulling roller support (7); the mowing knife (5) is fixed on the frame (4) and is positioned at the lower part of the outer side of the stalk pulling roller combination (6); the driving chain wheel (13) is positioned at the top of the gearbox (1), the driven chain wheel (8) is positioned at the front end of the frame (4), and the reel chain (10) is arranged on the driving chain wheel (13) and the driven chain wheel (8) and is tensioned by the reel chain tensioning device (9); the guard chain plate welding joint (14) is positioned on one side of the tight edge of the reel chain (10), and the guard chain plate welding joint (14) consists of a guard chain plate (28) and a fixed pipe (27); the spring pressing plate welding joint (3) is positioned at the outer side of the guard chain plate welding joint (14), and the spring pressing plate welding joint (3) consists of a pressing plate (26) and a spring column (25); the upper end of the buffer spring (2) is arranged on a spring column (25) of the spring compacting plate welded joint (3), and the lower end of the buffer spring is arranged on a spring seat (19) of the coupling bionic spike picking wheel (12); the coupling bionic ear picking wheels (12) are arranged in two rows, more than two rows are distributed on the inner sides of two sides of the frame (4), and are symmetrically arranged on the ear picking mechanism mounting plate (15), the mounting direction is that one end with a roller (17) is inwards, and one end with a spring seat (19) is outwards; the coupling bionic ear picking wheel (12) is of a lever type structure, a roller (17) and a roller shaft (23) are located at the front end of a support (18), a roller bearing (24) is installed between the roller shaft (23) and the support (18), a supporting shaft (16) is located in the middle of the support (18), two ends of the supporting shaft (16) are installed on an ear picking mechanism installation plate (15) through supporting shaft bearings (22), a spring seat (19) is located at the rear of the support (18), the spring seat is composed of handle portions at two ends and a supporting portion in the middle, the handle portions are connected with the support (18), and the supporting portion is used for installing a buffer spring (2).
2. The wheel type coupling bionic drag reduction and loss reduction corn ear picking device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the guard chain plate welding joint (14) and the spring pressing plate welding joint (3) are fixed on the frame (4) through guard chain plate bolts (11).
3. The wheel type coupling bionic drag reduction and loss reduction corn ear picking device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the gap between the two sides of the bionic picking wheels (12) is 15 mm-40 mm.
4. The wheel type coupling bionic drag reduction and loss reduction corn ear picking device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the total length of the rollers (17) on the single coupling bionic ear picking wheel (12) is smaller than 200mm.
5. The wheel type coupling bionic drag reduction and loss reduction corn ear picking device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the roller (17) of the coupling bionic ear picking wheel (12) is made of flexible materials, the diameter of the roller (17) is 15-60 mm, a roller rib (21) is arranged on the roller, and the protruding height of the roller rib is 0.5-10 mm.
6. The wheel type coupling bionic drag reduction and loss reduction corn ear picking device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the two ends of the supporting shaft (16) of the coupling bionic ear picking wheel (12) are fixed on an ear picking mechanism mounting plate (15) on the frame (4) through supporting shaft bolts (20).
CN201810442566.8A 2018-05-10 2018-05-10 Wheel type coupling bionic drag-reducing loss-reducing corn ear picking device Active CN108450135B (en)

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CN110063125B (en) * 2019-06-10 2023-10-13 山东农业大学 Corn self-excitation vibration low-loss ear picking mechanism
CN113383640A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-09-14 吉林大学 Pre-pose-adjusting coupled bionic corn ear picking device
CN114600634A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-06-10 贵州省山地农业机械研究所 Harvesting and threshing integrated corn harvester

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