JP2003092962A - Method for controlling insect pest - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce leaving cost of natural enemy insects and to popularize a technique for utilizing the natural enemy insects by preserving the environment for enabling the released natural enemy insects to be parasitized and propagated without influence by the growth density of insect pests in a field and timing of the leaving of the natural enemy insects. SOLUTION: This method is to control Liriomyza trifolii by utilizing Neochrysocharis formosa which is an indigenous natural enemy to the Liriomyza trifolii. In the method, Peudonapomyza spicata that is one species of leafminer flies is used as a substitute parasite in which parasitic natural enemy Neochrysocharis formosa is capable of laying eggs and carrying out parasitism in a high ratio without a fear of the parasitism on vegetables and flowers and ornamental plants such as tomatoes, eggplans, celery, Chrysanthemum coronarium, Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. or Gerbera hybrida. Furthermore, sprouted barley seedlings are used as bait plants for the Peudonapomyza spicata.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling harmful insects of vegetables and flowers, and more particularly to a method of controlling insects suitable for the control of Pleurotus spp.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, from the viewpoint of safe production of agricultural products and reduction of environmental load, development of environmental conservation type pest control technology in which the amount of chemical pesticides used is reduced. On the other hand, with the international distribution of agricultural products, new pests that damage vegetables and flowers may invade from foreign countries. For example, in Fukuoka Prefecture, the occurrence of the invading insect, Pleurotus cornucopia, was confirmed about 9 years ago, and the tomato, eggplant, celery, shungiku, chrysanthemum, and gerbera have been damaged. This bean leaf fly has a high degree of insecticide resistance and is a pest that is difficult to control. Therefore, in addition to chemical control of pesticides, biological control using natural enemy insects is currently performed. Biological control technology using natural enemy insects is roughly divided into the use of natural enemy insects imported from overseas and the use of natural enemy insects native to Japan.Currently, the use of natural enemy insects imported from overseas is used. It is a thing.

The control of pests using the natural enemy insects is not effective only by releasing the natural enemy insects in the field, but the effect depends on the generation density of the pests in the field and the timing of release. It At present, a method is adopted in which, as a natural enemy insect, 1 or ² larvae of the larva parasitic beetle are released in the field for 3 to 4 consecutive weeks at a rate of 1 to ² per 10 m ² of the field to suppress the generation of harmful insects.

[0004]

By the way, the use of natural enemy insects against pests requires detailed work of monitoring the occurrence of natural insects in the field in order to judge the timing of introduction of natural enemy insects. Also, depending on the growth stage of the target pest, the natural enemy insect introduced may not be able to parasitize, and in order to compensate for it, the number of times of introduction is increased to cope with it. Therefore, the work until the introduction of natural enemy insects becomes complicated, the cost of releasing natural enemy insects increases, and it becomes an obstacle to the spread of the technology for using natural enemy insects.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to control pests by utilizing natural enemy insects without parasitizing the density of the pests in the field or the timing of releasing the natural enemy insects. The aim is to improve the environment for breeding insects, reduce the cost of releasing natural enemy insects, and spread the technology for using natural enemy insects.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have artificially arranged a place in a field where a released natural enemy insect can multiply without being affected by the density of harmful insects in the field. As a method of maintaining or improving insect density and stabilizing the pest control effect, we referred to van currant, which has been put into practical use overseas for the control of aphids. I worked on the development of a vancurve using.

As a result, there is no risk of parasitism on vegetables such as tomato, eggplant, celery, chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, and gerbera, and flowers, and a parasitic natural enemy, Hammolimidorihimebiko, can spawn and parasitize at a high rate. As a host, I found that Pseudonapomyza spicata, which is a kind of leaf fly, is the most suitable. In addition, it was found that barley sprouting seedlings are suitable as a bait plant for the pseudonapomiza spicata. The present invention has been completed based on these findings.

Here, the bunker plant is a natural enemy insect to be used for pest control of a certain crop,
It is a bait plant that has proliferated an alternative host that does not harm the crop and is used to maintain natural enemy insects in the field, enhance the effect of natural enemy insects, and reduce the cost of releasing natural enemy insects. It is a thing.

That is, the pest control method according to the present invention is a method for controlling pests of vegetables and flowers by utilizing natural enemy insects, in which a bait plant as an alternative host of natural enemy insects is germinated and grown in a container, and this bait plant is used. It is characterized in that the alternative host is allowed to lay eggs on the sprouting seedlings to maintain and propagate the population of the alternative host, and the alternative host and the bait plant are introduced into the field together with the natural enemy insect.

By introducing an alternative host of natural enemy insects and its prey plant into a field together with the natural enemy insect, the population of the alternative host of natural enemy insects can be maintained and propagated in the field, so a pest for determining the timing of introduction Occurrence monitoring investigations can be omitted. In addition, since the natural enemy insects are maintained on the alternative host, the number of natural enemy insects to be introduced can be reduced, resulting in a reduction in release cost.

In the method for controlling pests according to the present invention, when the pest is Pleurotus cornucopiae, the leaf wasp is most suitable as a natural enemy insect, and the alternative parasitism that this leaf wasp may spawn and parasitize is pseudonapomiza. Spicata is the best choice. As a natural enemy insect, Pleurotus cornucopiae lives in Japan south of Honshu, is a dominant species of the bee parasitoid parasitoids, and is known to infest in the field at high rates. . Pseudonapomiza spicata as an alternative parasite is a kind of leaf fly that mainly parasitizes the wheat of the Gramineae plant, and the natural enemy insect, Hagrimomidorihimekobachi, can spawn and parasitize the pseudonapomiza spicata at a high rate.

[0012] Barley seedlings are the most suitable as a bait plant for pseudonapomiza spicata, which is an alternative host of the natural enemy insect, Pleurotus sp. The barley seedlings are seedlings obtained by sowing seeds of barley in a soil in a container, germinating the seeds, and growing the seedlings for about one week. The seedlings of barley were spawned by Pseudonapomiza spicata to maintain and propagate the population of Pseudonapomiza spicata, and the seedlings of pseudonapomiza spicata and the seedlings of barley were introduced into the field along with the natural enemy, Hammolimidorihimebikobachi. By doing so, it is possible to efficiently settle the released Hagomi-Glydomes wasp.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the procedure for carrying out the pest control method according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a step of germinating a bait plant of an alternative host of natural enemy insects in a container, (b) Is the stage at which the alternative host spawns the seedlings of the bait plant,
(C) shows the stage which introduces an alternative host and a bait plant with a natural enemy insect into a field, respectively.

The implementation procedure in this embodiment is as follows. -Peat moss 2 as a soil is spread to a suitable thickness in a container 1 made of synthetic resin, and after pouring water, about 150 barley seeds 3 are sown and grown at 25 ° C for about 24 hours under illumination for 7 days. -Transfer the grown seedlings 4 together with the container 2 to the spawning container 5. -In a spawning container 5, an adult 6 of Pseudonapomiza spicata, which is an alternative host of the leaf wasp, which is a natural enemy insect, is released and spawning for about 24 hours. -Take out the sprouting seedlings 4 together with the container 2 from the spawning container 5 and manage the hatched pseudonapomiza spicata until the third instar larva stage (about 25 ° C, about 7 days after spawning).・ The larva pseudonapomiza spicata is just before pupation (3
At the time of reaching the instar larva stage), the sprouting seedlings 4 together with the container 2 are introduced into the facility field 7 at the same time as or after the release of the leaf wasps, Pseudonapomiza spicata.

[0015] The leaf wasps 8 released on the facility field 7 parasitize the insect pest Haemoglypidae and also spawn on and parasitize the adult parasite Pseudonapomiza spicata 6 which is an alternative parasite. The Hagroglimidoris mellifera 8a, which has grown and emerged with the adult parasite Pseudomonas pumicata spicata 6, maintains and improves the natural enemy density in the institutional field 7, and again parasitizes the harmful insect, Haemogliba flies.

[0016] As described above, along with the natural enemy insect Pleurotus spp.
By introducing adult 6 of pseudonapomiza spicata, which is an alternative host of the plant, and sprout seedling 4, which is its bait plant, into the field 7 of the facility, the population of adult 6 of pseudonapomiza spicata can be maintained and propagated in the field 7 of the facility. Therefore, it is possible to omit the pest-occurrence monitoring survey for determining the timing of introduction of the natural enemy insect, Pleurotus cordata. In addition, since the natural enemy insects are maintained on the alternative host, the number of natural enemy insects to be introduced can be reduced.

[0017]

[Example] [Example 1] Diameter 8.5 cm, height 15 cm
Beet moss was packed in the lower one-third of the synthetic resin container of, and 150 barley seeds were sown after water injection, and after germination, barley sprouting seedlings were grown and maintained for 7 days in a lighted thermostat at about 25 ° C, An adult Pseudonapomiza spicata was placed in a case (a container for spawning) in which the adult Pseudomonas spicata was bred and allowed to lay eggs for 24 hours. Then, the seedlings of barley sprouting were taken out from the breeding case together with the container and maintained in a lighted thermostat for 7 days to obtain a bunker plant. When the maintenance period at about 25 ° C is extended to 12 days, the average of 210 larvae of Pseudonapomiza spicata, which had jumped out of the barley leaf due to pupation, were collected from a barley-seeded seedling of one barley seedling. Was done. It was possible to maintain and grow the pseudonapomiza spicata population in the pupae that had pupated after the recovery by returning the seedlings from the barley sprouting continuously into the breeding case in which they were introduced.

[Example 2] The number of days after spawning of an alternative parasite (Pseudonapomiza spicata) suitable for preparing a bunker plant was determined by the parasitism rate of the natural enemy insect (Homoglimidihimebuchi). Adults of Pseudonapomiza spicata were laid on barley sprouting seedlings, and 100 barley budlets were inoculated for 24 hours to each barley sprouting seedling that had been maintained at about 25 ° C for 5 days, 6 days, and 7 days, and the parasitic ratio was investigated. did. The results are shown in Figure 2.

In FIG. 2, the wide bar graph shows the average value, and the thin line above it shows the standard deviation. As can be seen from FIG. 2, 7 days after spawning of Pseudonapomiza spicata was just before pupation, and the parasitization rate of Pleurotus cornucopia was high, and it was confirmed that it was optimal for use as a bunker plant. Similar results were obtained in an experiment using Isaea hornet as a natural enemy insect.

[Example 3] The pest control effect of natural enemy insects using a bunker plant was determined in a farm cultivation field. In the tomato field of the heating facility, 1 week and 2 weeks after the start of cultivation, 1 vancurrant and 100 adults of natural enemy insect were introduced per 1000 m ² of the field. After 3 weeks, only the same proportion of bunker plants was introduced every week. As a comparative example, 1 week after transplantation, which is a conventional method, 100 adult adults / 1000 m ² of natural enemy insects were continuously released for 3 weeks. In the field where the bunker plant was introduced, it was possible to suppress the occurrence of Haemoglobin fly to a very low level as in the case of the comparative example field where only the natural enemy adult was introduced, and it was not necessary to control with pesticides. In addition, it was confirmed that the installed bunker plant was infested with 10 to 141 natural enemy insects per pot.

[Example 4] The development and pupation patterns of alternative parasites (Pseudonapomiza spicata) on barley sprouting seedlings were examined, and the most suitable alternative host age for parasitizing natural enemy insects investigated. The results are shown in Fig. 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3, it was confirmed that the parasitism rate was highest in the 3rd instar larva stage 7 days after the alternative host was laid in the barley seedlings. By placing the bamboo grassland in the field at the same time as or after releasing the natural enemy insects, the released natural enemy insects can be efficiently established.

[0022]

[Effects of the Invention] The bait plant of the alternative host of the natural enemy insect is germinated and grown in the container, and the spawning seedlings of the bait plant are allowed to lay eggs to maintain and proliferate the alternative host population. By introducing the host and forage plants into the field together with the natural enemy insects, it is possible to maintain and propagate the alternative host population of the natural enemy insects in the field, so omit the pest outbreak monitoring survey to determine the timing of introduction. it can. In addition, since the natural enemy insects are maintained on the alternative host, the number of natural enemy insects to be introduced can be reduced, resulting in a reduction in release cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an implementation procedure of a pest control method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing experimental results.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing experimental results.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 container 2 Pete Moss 3 barley seeds 4 Sprouting seedlings 5 spawning containers 6 Adult of Pseudonapomiza spicata 7 facility fields 8 Pleurotus chinensis 8a emerged leafworm

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Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for controlling harmful insects of vegetables and flowers by utilizing natural enemy insects, wherein a bait plant of a substitute host of natural enemy insects is germinated and grown in a container, and a substitute host is sprouting seedlings of the bait plant. A method for controlling pests, characterized by allowing the spawning to be carried out, maintaining and proliferating a population of the alternative host, and introducing the alternative host and the bait plant together with a natural enemy insect into a field. 2. The method for controlling pests according to claim 1, wherein the pest is a leaf fly, and the natural enemy is a leaf wasp. 3. The method for controlling pests according to claim 2, wherein the alternative host of the leaf wasp is Pseudonapomiza spicata. 4. The method for controlling pests according to claim 3, wherein the bait plant of Pseudonapomiza spicata is a barley seedling.