JP2003070352A - Artificial culture medium for mushroom and artificial cultivation method for mushroom using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an artificial culture medium for mushroom, capable of rapidly increasing the yield of mushroom in comparison with conventional log cultivation having a long cultivation period and harvest apt to be influenced by a weather condition, and conventional mushroom bed artificial cultivation having low yield and a long cultivation period, and to provide an artificial cultivation method for mushroom using the culture medium. SOLUTION: This artificial culture medium for mushroom comprises calcium aluminate tricarbonate hydrate. The artificial cultivation method for mushroom comprises using the artificial culture medium.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an artificial culture medium for mushrooms and a method for artificially cultivating mushrooms using the same. The parts and% in the present invention are based on mass unless otherwise specified.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, most mushrooms are cultivated by using raw logs such as Japanese swordfish, beech, and cod, and therefore harvesting is often influenced by climatic conditions. In addition, recently, it is becoming difficult to obtain raw logs due to a lack of labor for cutting out raw logs for cultivating logs. In addition, since the cultivation period for sapwood cultivation is long, that is, it takes one and a half to two years from the inoculation of inoculum to the harvest of mushrooms, the production cost is considerably high.

In recent years, a method for artificially cultivating mushroom beds, such as enokitake mushrooms, hiratake mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, and shiitake mushrooms, has been established by culturing them in bottles or boxes using an artificial culture medium containing rice bran in sawdust, and throughout the year, four seasons. These mushrooms can be stably harvested regardless of the season. In other words, the traditional mushroom cultivation, which has a strong side business effect on farmers and relies on small-scale production, is now being replaced by a fungal bed artificial cultivation method where large-scale specialized production is possible and raw materials are easily available. is there.

However, even in the artificial cultivation of fungal beds,
For continuous cultivation of a large amount of mushrooms, the yield is still low,
Moreover, since the cultivation period is considerably long, the production cost cannot be said to be low, and improvement of these productivity is desired in the future.

As a method for improving productivity, for example,
A method of incorporating an aluminosilicate compound having a specific composition or a magnesium aluminum silicate compound having a specific composition into an artificial culture medium has been proposed.
(JP-A 03-210126, JP-A 03-58716).

However, the fact is that these methods have not been able to produce a sufficient yield.

On the other hand, the production of calcium aluminate tricarbonate hydrate has been recognized only under limited conditions, and the present inventor disclosed a synthetic method of industrially useful calcium aluminate tricarbonate hydrate. This is only the method (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-241021). Further, the usefulness of this calcium aluminate tricarbonate hydrate has only been proposed by the present inventor as a filler for papermaking or a filler / flame retardant for resins.

As a result of intensive efforts to solve the problems in the artificial cultivation of mushrooms, the present inventors have found that mushrooms can be cultivated in high yield by using a specific artificial culture medium. Has been completed.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems That is, the present invention is an artificial culture medium for mushrooms containing calcium aluminate tricarbonate hydrate, and a method for artificially cultivating mushrooms using the artificial culture medium.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in more detail below.

[0011] The present invention calcium aluminate tri carbonate hydrate to be used in (CATCH), those having a specific gravity of 1.65 to 1.85, in _{general, 3CaO · Al 2 O 3 ·} 3CaCO 3 · nH
It is a general term for compounds represented by ₂ O. N in the formula is
It is about 30 to 32. In addition, CATCH is 3CaO ・ Al ₂ O ₃・ 3
It is also called a carbonate type ettringite because it can be regarded as a composition in which the sulfate group of ettringite represented by CaSO ₄ .32H ₂ O is replaced by a carbonate group. However,
Unlike ettringite, CATCH is a compound that can be obtained only under specific production conditions. That is, ettringite, for example, a method obtained by hydrating a calcium aluminate compound and an inorganic sulfate, a method of reacting calcium hydroxide and aluminum sulfate,
Further, it can be obtained by various methods such as a method of reacting calcium hydroxide, alkali aluminate and sulfate. On the other hand, CATCH can be used only under limited conditions, for example, alkali aluminate and / or aluminum hydroxide, carbonate, calcium hydroxide, and an organic compound mixed and reacted in water. Generation is not allowed.

The artificial culture medium used in the present invention is usually
A mixture of a carbon source such as sawdust, bran, and chaff, and a nitrogen source such as rice bran and soybean meal, and a mixture prepared by adding an appropriate amount of water to the mixture and compressing it into a bottle or a box.
Further, CATCH is added to these.

The amount of carbon source, the amount of nitrogen source, and the amount of water vary depending on the type and the amount of water content, and are not uniquely determined. For example, when using sawdust as a carbon source,
Sawdust can be used in a dry state in the range of about 20 to 90% of the total dry matter of the medium, but this amount varies depending on the medium component used as the nitrogen source. For example, when rice bran is used as the nitrogen source, sawdust should be 20 to 20% of the total dry matter of the medium as the dry matter.
Used in the range of 90%, but sawdust and rice bran in a weight ratio of 1: 1
Water was added to the mixture mixed in to adjust the water content to 55-70%.
It is preferable that the product prepared in step 1 is packed in a bottle or box under pressure.

Further, as the sawdust, it is possible to use hardwood sawdust or softwood sawdust alone or in combination.

The mixing ratio of CATCH is preferably 1 to 30 parts, and more preferably 3 to 15 parts, based on 100 parts of the artificial culture medium comprising a carbon source and a nitrogen source. If the mixing ratio of CATCH is out of the above range, the effect of the present invention may not be sufficiently obtained.

The mushroom according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be artificially cultivated. Specific examples thereof include enoki mushroom, hiratake mushroom, nameko mushroom, shiitake mushroom, and shiitake mushroom.

In the present invention, in addition to CATCH, a carbon source such as sawdust, a nitrogen source such as rice bran, and water, an aluminosilicate compound, which is a material that has been conventionally used to improve the yield of mushrooms, Magnesium aluminum silicate compound, magnesium silicate compound,
Calcium silicate-based compounds, magnesium aluminate-based compounds, calcium aluminate-based compounds, slag powder, ettringite, phosphorus compounds, calcium hydroxide, and calcium carbonate may be used in combination within a range that does not substantially impair the object of the present invention. It is possible.

[0018]

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to experimental examples.

Experimental Example 1 500 g of hardwood sawdust, 500 g of softwood sawdust, and 1,000 g of rice bran
Was placed in a plastic bag and mixed thoroughly to prepare an artificial culture medium. CATCH shown in Table 1 in 200 g of the prepared artificial culture medium
Was added to adjust the water content to 65% to prepare a mixture, and 200 g of the mixture was pressed into a plastic 1-liter wide-mouth bottle. A hole having a diameter of about 1 cm was opened in the center of each bottle, and the bottle was stoppered and sterilized at 120 ° C. for 90 minutes. After cooling, inoculate the sawdust species of hiratake, temperature 25 ° C, relative humidity 55% in the dark.
Culturing was carried out for 30 days under the conditions (rotating step), and further culturing was continued for 30 days for aging. Next, the stopper was removed, and about 1 cm of bacteria was scraped from the upper part of the culture medium to remove the mycelium layer, and then 20 ml of tap water was added to sufficiently absorb water. After leaving for 4 hours,
The water remaining on the top was removed, and the temperature was 15 ° C and the relative humidity was 95.
%, And illuminance of 20 lux, cultivated for 4 days to form fruit body primordia, and further raised the illuminance to 200 lux,
The culture was continued for 0 days, and the influence of the weight ratio of CATCH on the fruit body yield was examined. The results are also shown in Table 1. For comparison, the same experiment was performed using ettringite. The results are also shown in Table 1.

<Materials used> Hardwood sawdust: Sawwood sawdust Softwood sawdust: Sugi sawdust Rice bran: Commercial product CATCH: 0.5 mol of sodium aluminate and 0.5 mol of sodium carbonate dissolved in 1,000 cc of 2% sugar water A As a solution, add 2.0 mol of calcium hydroxide to 1,000 cc of 2% sugar water to prepare solution B of calcium hydroxide slurry,
Liquid B and Liquid B are mixed to form a precipitation product, which is then aged for 4 hours with stirring, followed by solid-liquid separation to obtain a precipitation product at 40 ° C.
Dry and synthesize. Sodium aluminate: Reagent first grade sodium carbonate: Reagent first grade calcium hydroxide: Reagent first grade sugar: Commercially available ettringite: 1 mol of anhydrous aluminum sulfate and 6 mol of calcium hydroxide are placed in 3,000 cc of water and stirred at 50 ° C for 30 minutes And synthesize. Anhydrous aluminum sulfate: Reagent first grade water: Tap water

<Measurement method> Control contrast: Fruit body yield of artificial culture medium with CATCH added (g) / Fruit body yield of artificial culture medium without CATCH added (g) x 100 (%)

[0022]

[Table 1]

[0023]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION By using the mushroom artificial culture medium of the present invention, the mushroom yield can be dramatically increased.

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Masahiro Shiroishi             Nagano Prefecture Suzaka City Oza 787 Address 1 Corporate Law             Inside Nagano Rural Industry Research Institute (72) Inventor Kenichi Nishizawa             Nagano Prefecture Suzaka City Oza 787 Address 1 Corporate Law             Inside Nagano Rural Industry Research Institute (72) Inventor Rikiya Tokoo             Nagano Prefecture Suzaka City Oza 787 Address 1 Corporate Law             Inside Nagano Rural Industry Research Institute F-term (reference) 2B011 AA01 AA04 BA10                 4B065 AA71 BB02 BB22 BC41 CA41

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A mushroom artificial culture medium containing calcium aluminate tricarbonate hydrate. 2. A method for artificially cultivating a mushroom, which comprises using the mushroom artificial culture medium according to claim 1.