JP2001508514A - エンジンの排気ガス中の汚染物質を減じるための方法及び装置 - Google Patents
エンジンの排気ガス中の汚染物質を減じるための方法及び装置Info
- Publication number
- JP2001508514A JP2001508514A JP52305397A JP52305397A JP2001508514A JP 2001508514 A JP2001508514 A JP 2001508514A JP 52305397 A JP52305397 A JP 52305397A JP 52305397 A JP52305397 A JP 52305397A JP 2001508514 A JP2001508514 A JP 2001508514A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustion
- engine
- ozone
- hydroxyl
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 99
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000640 hydroxylating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 94
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 14
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 silyl ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000238558 Eucarida Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJEVNAQWLVWLEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N argon ozone Chemical compound [Ar].[O-][O+]=O PJEVNAQWLVWLEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001520 comb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxyl Chemical group O[O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
- F02M25/12—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone the apparatus having means for generating such gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1208—Inorganic compounds elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2086—Activating the catalyst by light, photo-catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/06—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding lubricant vapours
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
- F02M27/06—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by rays, e.g. infrared and ultraviolet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/38—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an ozone (O3) generator, e.g. for adding ozone after generation of ozone from air
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1. エンジンの排気ガス中の汚染物を減ずるための装置であって、 前記エンジン内に導かれた空気中の酸素をオゾンに変換する輻射エネルギー を作りだすための光源と、 少なくとも1つの前記光源を駆動するための変圧器と、 前記変圧器を前記エンジンの電気系に接続するためのコネクタとを有し、 前記オゾンが、前記エンジンによる燃料の燃焼効率を高め、これにより、前 記排気ガス中の炭化水素及び一酸化炭素の量を減らすことを特徴とする装置。 2. 前記光源が紫外線放射ランプである、請求項1記載の装置。 3. 前記紫外線放射ランプが、約185ナノメータの波長を持った光を放出する 水銀アークランプである請求項2記載の装置。 4. 内燃機関の排気ガス中の汚染物を減ずるための装置であって、 前記内燃機関内に導かれた空気中の酸素をオゾンに変換する約200ナノメ ータ未満の波長を持った紫外線を作りだすための少なくとも1つの光源と、 前記少なくとも1つの光源を駆動するための変圧器と、 前記変圧器を前記内燃機関の電気系に接続するためのコネクタとを有し、 前記オゾンが、前記内燃機関による燃料の燃焼効率を高め、これにより、前 記排気ガス中の少なくとも1つの汚染物質の濃度を減ずることを特徴とする装 置。 5. 更に、前記内燃機関の排気ガス中のオゾンを検出するためのオゾンセンサと 、 前記内燃機関の排気ガス中に所定量のオゾンが検出されたときに前記少なく とも1つの光源を消し、前記内燃機関の排気ガス中に所定量未満のオゾンしか 検出されなかったときに前記少なくとも1つの光源をつけるためのコントロー ラと、を有する請求項4記載の装置。 6. 更に、前記内燃機関の少なくとも1つの作動パラメータを検出するためのセ ンセと、 前記ランプに加えられる電圧及び電流のうちの一方を、前記センサによって 検出された内燃機関のパラメータに比例して、電圧コンバータによって変える ことによって、前記ランプによって作られるオゾンの量を変えるためのコント ローラと、を有する請求項4記載の装置。 7. 前記センサが、内燃機関回転数、内燃機関負荷、温度及びスロットル位置を 含むパラメータ群のうちの少なくとも1つを検出する請求項6記載の装置。 8. 前記エンジンが内燃機関であり、前記少なくとも1つの光源が在来の自動車 用吸気マニフォールドの上流に配置されている請求項1記載の装置。 9. エンジンの排気ガス中の汚染物を減ずる方法であって、 前記エンジンの吸気ポートの空気中の酸素をオゾンに変換する輻射エネルギ ーを作りだす工程と、 前記吸気ポートの空気を前記輻射エネルギーによって通過させ、前記空気中 の酸素をオゾンに変え、燃料をより完全に燃焼させ、燃費を向上させる工程と 、 を有することを特徴とする方法。 10.前記輻射エネルギーが、約185ナノメータの波長を持った光を放出する水 銀アークランプによって作られる請求項9記載の方法。 11.前記エンジンの作動状態を検出する工程と、前記輻射エネルギーの強さを前 記エンジンの作動状態に比例して変える工程と、を有する請求項9記載の方法 。 12.紫外線の強さが追加の紫外線センサを作動させることによって変えられる請 求項11記載の方法。 13.エンジンの排気ガス中の排気物質、汚染物を減ずるための装置であって、 前記エンジン内に導かれた空気中の酸素をオゾンに変換する輻射エネルギー を作りだすための複数の光源を有し、該複数の光源が各々、空気を、前記エン ジンによる完全燃焼が要求されるよりも低いレベルのオゾンに変え、 前記エンジンの種々の作動状態を検出するためのエンジンセンサと、 前記エンジンが作動しているときに第1の光源を連続的に作動させ、前記セ ンサによって検出された前記エンジンの作動状態に基づいて追加の光源を選択 的に作動させるためのコントローラとを有し、 前記エンジンの状態が所定レベル未満であるときに前記コントローラが追加 の光源を消し、前記エンジンの状態が少なくとも所定レベルにあるときに前記 コントローラが追加の光源をつけ、前記オゾンが前記エンジンによる燃料の燃 焼効率を高め、これにより、排気ガス中の炭化水素及び一酸化炭素の量を減ら すようにしたことを特徴とする装置。 14.前記コントローラが別個の所定エンジン作動状態で各追加の光源をオンする 請求項13記載の装置。 15.燃料の燃焼による汚染物質を減ずるための装置であって、 燃焼室を有し、該燃焼室が、該燃焼室への燃焼前ガス流れと、前記燃焼室か らの排気の燃焼後ガス流れとを備え、 燃料の不完全燃焼及び窒素酸化物のうちの少なくとも1つからの少なくとも 1つの汚染物質の量を減ずるように排気を処理するための触媒コンバータと、 オゾンを前記燃焼前ガス流れ及び前記燃焼後ガス流れの少なくとも1つに加 えて、前記触媒コンバータによって処理された排気中の少なくとも1つの汚染 物質の量を更に減ずるための手段とを有することを特徴とする装置。 16.オゾンを加えるための前記手段が酸素をオゾンに変換することによってオゾ ンを発生させる請求項15に記載の装置。 17.前記装置は、100ナノメータと200ナノメータとの間の波長をもった紫外線ラ ンプを有する請求項15に記載の装置。 18.前記ランプ装置は、約185ナノメータの波長をもった光を放出する水銀蒸気 アークランプである請求項17に記載の装置。 19.燃焼前ガス流れは空気を含み、前記紫外線ランプは燃焼前ガス流れの中に配 置されている請求項17に記載の装置。 20.前記紫外線ランプに隣接した壁は、紫外線を発生させるオゾンを反射する請 求項17に記載の装置。 21.前記壁はアルミニウムを含む請求項20に記載の装置。 22.オゾンを加えるための前記手段が燃焼前ガス流れ及び燃焼後ガス流れから離 れて配置され、オゾンが燃焼前ガス流れ及び燃焼後ガス流れのうちの少なくと も一方の中に送出される請求項15に記載の装置。 23.オゾンを加えるための前記手段が静電気放電オゾン発生器を含む請求項15に 記載の装置。 24.前記燃焼室が内燃機関に配置されている請求項15に記載の装置。 25.燃焼室への燃焼前ガス流れと、燃焼室からの排気の燃焼後ガス流れとをもっ ている燃焼室を有するエンジンにおける燃料の燃焼による少なくとも1つの汚 染物質の濃度を減じるために排気を処理するための触媒コンバータの変換効率 を改良するための方法であって、 触媒コンバータの上流の少なくとも1箇所で燃焼前ガス流れ及び燃焼後ガス 流れのうちの少なくとも一方にオゾンを加えて、燃焼による少なくとも1つの 汚染物質の濃度を減じる工程と、 排気ガス流れを少なくとも1つの触媒コンバータで処理する工程と、 を有する方法。 26.オゾンを加える前記工程が、放射エネルギーを発生させて、酸素をオゾンに 変換させる工程を含む請求項25に記載の方法。 27.前記放射エネルギーが、約185ナノメータの波長をもった光を放出するラン プによって発生される請求項26に記載の方法。 28.燃料の燃焼による汚染物質を減ずるための装置であって、 燃焼室であって、該燃焼室への燃焼前ガス流れと、前記燃焼室からの排気の 燃焼後ガス流れとを有する燃焼室と、 前記燃焼後ガス流れの中に配置された大きい表面積のレセプタクルと、 前記大きい表面積のレセプタクルの終端部より前で、前記燃焼前ガス流れ及 び前記燃焼後ガス流れの少なくとも1つにヒドロキシルを加えるための手段と 、を有することを特徴とする装置。 29.前記大きい表面積のレセプタクルが触媒コンバータである請求項28に記載の 装置。 30.ヒドロキシルを加えるための前記手段が、空気からヒドロキシルを発生させ るヒドロキシル発生器である請求項29に記載の装置。 31.ヒドロキシルを加えるための前記手段が、 約100ナノメータと約300ナノメータとの間の波長をもった紫外線を発生させ る少なくとも1つの紫外線ランプと、 エア入口通路と、 ヒドロキシル基の発生を容易にするために、空気が十分に高い水蒸気含有量 を確実に有するように、ヒドロキシル基ジェネレータ内の空気を調節するため の手段と、 を備えている請求項30に記載の装置。 32.前記ヒドロキシル発生器が、約100ナノメータと約300ナノメータとの間の波 長をもった紫外線を適当に反射する内面を有する請求項31に記載の装置。 33.空気を調節するための前記手段が、水を前記ヒドロキシル発生器に供給する ための入口通路を備えている請求項32に記載の装置。 34.前記水供給入口通路が燃焼後ガス流れと連通している請求項33に記載の装置 。 35.更に、前記水供給入口通路連通している、水を貯蔵するための水貯蔵容器を 有する請求項34に記載の装置。 36.前記水は、液体の形態で外部の源から前記貯蔵容器に供給される請求項35に 記載の装置。 37.前記水は、前記燃焼室からの排気中の水蒸気を凝縮させることによって供給 される請求項35に記載の装置。 38.更に、水蒸気をヒドロキシル発生器に供給するために、貯蔵容器に貯蔵され た水をヒドロキシル内温度よりも高い温度に保持する手段を有する請求項35に 記載の装置。 39.エア入口通路は、水貯蔵容器に連通している請求項35に記載の装置。 40.ヒドロキシル発生器に供給されるエアが、貯蔵容器に貯蔵されている水を通 過して気泡となるように、エア入口通路が形成されている請求項39に記載の装 置。 41.前記ヒドロキシル発生器は、過電圧電解セルと、約254ナノメータの波長を もった紫外線を生成紫外線ランプと、を有する請求項30に記載の装置。 42.ヒドロキシルを加えるための前記手段は、燃焼前ガス流れと燃焼後ガス流れ から遠く離れて配置されると共に、ヒドロキシルは、燃焼前ガス流れと燃焼後 ガス流れの少なくとも一方に供給される請求項28に記載の装置。 43.燃焼室を有し、該燃焼室が、該燃焼室への燃焼前ガス流れと、前記燃焼室か らの排気の燃焼後ガス流れとを備え、該燃焼室での燃料の不完全燃焼により生 じる少なくとも1つの汚染物質を減じるために、排気ガスを処理する方法にお いて、 燃焼前ガス流れと燃焼後ガス流れの少なくとも一方にヒドロキシルを加える 工程と、 ヒドロキシルが燃料の燃焼により生成された排気ガスと反応できるように、 燃焼後ガス流れ内に十分な表面積を提供する工程と、 を有することを特徴とする方法。 44.ヒドロキシルが、燃焼前ガス流れと燃焼後ガス流れから遠くで生成される請 求項43に記載の方法。 45.更に、ガスを供給することによりヒドロキシルを発生させる工程と、水をガ スに供給することにより十分な水蒸気量を含む水蒸気がリッチなガスを生成す る工程と、約100ナノメータと約300ナノメータとの間の波長をもった紫外線を 発生させる工程と、ヒドロキシルを生成するために紫外線に水蒸気がリッチな ガスをさらす工程と、を有する請求項43に記載の方法。 46.上記水蒸気がリッチなガスを生成する工程は、排気ガスから水蒸気を集める 工程と、排気ガスからの水蒸気をガスに供給する工程とを有する請求項45に記 載の方法。 47.上記水蒸気がリッチなガスを生成する工程は、水蒸気を発生するために供給 水を加熱する工程と、ガスに水蒸気を加える工程と、を有する請求項45に記載 の方法。 48.上記水蒸気がリッチなガスを生成する工程は、容器に供給水を供給する工程 と、供給ガスが供給水内を流れるように容器に供給ガスを導入する工程を有す る請求項45に記載の方法。 49.更に、ヒドロキシルを発生させる工程を有し、この工程が、 オゾン、酸素及び水蒸気を発生させるために過電圧電解セルに空気を供給す る工程と、 約100ナノメータと約300ナノメータとの間の波長をもった紫外線を発生させ る工程と、 ヒドロキシルを発生させるために発生したオゾン、酸素及び水蒸気を紫外線 にさらす工程と、 を有する請求項43に記載の方法。 50.更に、ヒドロキシルを発生させる工程を有し、この工程が、 空気を供給する工程と、 十分な水蒸気量を含む水蒸気がリッチな空気を作る工程と、 この水蒸気がリッチな空気をコロナ発生器にさらす工程と、 を有する請求項43に記載の方法。 51. 上記十分な表面積のリセプタクルは、触媒コンバータである請求項43に記 載の方法。 52.燃焼前ガス流れと燃焼後ガス流れを有する燃焼エンジンの排気ガス中の汚染 物質を減じる装置であって、 燃焼前ガス流れ及び燃焼後ガス流れの少なくとも一方から離れて配置された ヒドロキシルを発生させるための手段であって、この発生手段が、約100-300 ナノメータの波長をもった紫外線を発生させる少なくとも1つの紫外線ランプ 及びグロー放電発生器を有する発生手段と、 エア入口通路と、 ヒドロキシルの発生を促進するために十分な水蒸気量を空気が含むことを確 実にするように空気を調整する手段と、 発生したヒドロキシルを燃焼前ガス流れ及び燃焼後ガス流れの少なくとも一 方に導入するための出口と、 不完全燃焼による1つの汚染物質及び窒素酸化物を少なくとも減少させるた めに排気ガスを処理する触媒コンバータと、 を有することを特徴とする装置。 53.上記ヒドロキシル発生手段は、約100-300ナノメータの波長をもった紫外線 を発生させる紫外線ランプを有し、この紫外線ランプ十分な水蒸気量を含む燃 焼後排気ガス流れ内に配置された請求項28記載の装置。 54.上記水蒸気がリッチなガスを生成する工程は、排気ガス流れをヒドロキシル 発生器に加える工程を有する請求項45に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/575,698 US5692481A (en) | 1994-05-18 | 1995-12-19 | Method and apparatus for reducing contaminants in exhaust gases of an engine |
US08/575,698 | 1995-12-19 | ||
US08/671,955 | 1996-06-28 | ||
US08/671,955 US5806305A (en) | 1994-05-18 | 1996-06-28 | Method and apparatus for reducing pollutants |
PCT/US1996/020581 WO1997022794A2 (en) | 1995-12-19 | 1996-12-19 | A method and apparatus for reducing pollutants and contaminants in exhaust gases of an engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2001508514A true JP2001508514A (ja) | 2001-06-26 |
JP2001508514A5 JP2001508514A5 (ja) | 2004-11-11 |
Family
ID=27076767
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP52305397A Ceased JP2001508514A (ja) | 1995-12-19 | 1996-12-19 | エンジンの排気ガス中の汚染物質を減じるための方法及び装置 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US5806305A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0868605A2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2001508514A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20000064467A (ja) |
CN (2) | CN1209190A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU726650B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9612085A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2241110A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX9804953A (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2168053C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1997022794A2 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005344514A (ja) * | 2004-05-31 | 2005-12-15 | Kazuo Motochi | 燃焼機関の補助ガス供給装置 |
Families Citing this family (62)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5806305A (en) * | 1994-05-18 | 1998-09-15 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Method and apparatus for reducing pollutants |
US5863413A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1999-01-26 | Litex, Inc. | Method for using hydroxyl radical to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases from the combustion of a fuel |
US5845485A (en) | 1996-07-16 | 1998-12-08 | Lynntech, Inc. | Method and apparatus for injecting hydrogen into a catalytic converter |
AU4082997A (en) | 1996-08-23 | 1998-03-26 | Cummins Engine Company Inc. | Homogeneous charge compression ignition engine with optimal combustion control |
US6230683B1 (en) | 1997-08-22 | 2001-05-15 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Premixed charge compression ignition engine with optimal combustion control |
US6321531B1 (en) | 1996-12-18 | 2001-11-27 | Litex, Inc. | Method and apparatus for using free radicals to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases from the combustion of a fuel |
US6047543A (en) * | 1996-12-18 | 2000-04-11 | Litex, Inc. | Method and apparatus for enhancing the rate and efficiency of gas phase reactions |
US6029442A (en) * | 1996-12-18 | 2000-02-29 | Litex, Inc. | Method and apparatus for using free radicals to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases from the combustion of fuel |
GB9801023D0 (en) * | 1998-01-19 | 1998-03-18 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Combatting air pollution |
WO1999042718A1 (en) | 1998-02-23 | 1999-08-26 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Premixed charge compression ignition engine with optimal combustion control |
DE19900967A1 (de) * | 1999-01-13 | 2000-07-20 | Volkswagen Ag | Vorrichtung zur Reinigung des Abgases einer Brennkraftmaschine |
WO2000043469A2 (en) * | 1999-01-21 | 2000-07-27 | Litex, Inc. | Combined plasma reactor catalyst systems for effective emission control over a range of operating conditions |
DE19904068A1 (de) * | 1999-02-02 | 2000-08-03 | Volkswagen Ag | Vorrichtung zur Reinigung des Abgases einer Brennkraftmaschine |
KR20010012026A (ko) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-02-15 | 이주철 | 내·외연기관의 매연감소와 출력향상 방법 및 장치 |
DE19948150A1 (de) * | 1999-10-07 | 2001-04-12 | Volkswagen Ag | Anordnung und Verfahren zur Steuerung einer photochemischen Abgasreinigungsanlage von Brennkraftmaschinen |
US6474060B2 (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2002-11-05 | Southwest Research Institute | Exhaust gas recirculation filtration system |
DE10001431A1 (de) * | 2000-01-15 | 2001-07-19 | Volkswagen Ag | Abgasanlage und Verfahren zur Reinigung eines Abgases einer Verbrennungskraftmaschne, insbesondere einer Dieselkraftmaschine |
US6212883B1 (en) * | 2000-03-03 | 2001-04-10 | Moon-Ki Cho | Method and apparatus for treating exhaust gas from vehicles |
US7974930B2 (en) * | 2000-07-26 | 2011-07-05 | Pierce-Eislen, Inc. | Method and system for providing real estate information |
US6893617B2 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2005-05-17 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for retention of non-thermal plasma reactor |
US7078000B2 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2006-07-18 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for mat protection of non-thermal plasma reactor |
DE10142800A1 (de) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Abgasnachbehandlung |
DE10201928A1 (de) * | 2002-01-19 | 2003-07-31 | Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co | Abgasanlage einer Verbrennungsmaschine |
US6604356B1 (en) | 2002-04-19 | 2003-08-12 | Envirolift, Llc | Emission control system for generator engine |
US6840034B2 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2005-01-11 | Envirolift, Llc | Emission control apparatus for marine generator engine |
DE10241063A1 (de) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-03-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Abgasnachbehandlung und Vorrichtung hierzu |
US7156957B1 (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2007-01-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | UV induced oxidation of nitric oxide |
WO2005011843A1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2005-02-10 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh | Apparatus for reducing contaminants in a fluid stream comprising a dielectric barrier excimer discharge lamp |
FR2862340B1 (fr) * | 2003-11-18 | 2006-01-20 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de traitement des hydrocarbures imbrules issus d'un moteur a allumage commande fonctionnant au gaz naturel et dispositif d'application de ce procede |
DE102004002742B4 (de) * | 2004-01-20 | 2005-12-08 | Hartmut Lederer | Regenerator von Verbrennungsabgasen mit Katalysator |
US20070044779A1 (en) * | 2005-03-20 | 2007-03-01 | Green Carl A | Apparatus for the multiplication of air flow in internal combustion engines increasing horsepower and torque, while reducing emissions |
JP4321485B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-12 | 2009-08-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化装置およびその方法 |
US8105546B2 (en) * | 2005-05-14 | 2012-01-31 | Air Phaser Environmental Ltd. | Apparatus and method for destroying volatile organic compounds and/or halogenic volatile organic compounds that may be odorous and/or organic particulate contaminants in commercial and industrial air and/or gas emissions |
FR2885953B1 (fr) * | 2005-05-17 | 2010-10-01 | Renault Sas | Dispositif d'aide au fonctionnement d'un catalyseur d'oxydation pour l'epuration de gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne et procede associe |
US20100275586A1 (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2010-11-04 | Hirohito Hirata | Device for cleaning exhaust gas of internal combustion engine |
KR101336530B1 (ko) * | 2005-12-14 | 2013-12-03 | 가즈오 모토우치 | 연소기관의 보조가스 공급장치 |
US7398643B2 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2008-07-15 | Dana Canada Corporation | Combined EGR cooler and plasma reactor |
US7617671B1 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2009-11-17 | Richard Menelly | Method and apparatus for purifying motor exhaust fumes |
KR101022734B1 (ko) * | 2006-12-29 | 2011-03-22 | 건국대학교 산학협력단 | 농후연소 가스 산출방법 |
JP5119690B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-12 | 2013-01-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気ガス浄化装置 |
JP4367521B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-27 | 2009-11-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化システム |
US20090050116A1 (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-02-26 | Cummings Craig D | Fluid ionizing device for internal combustion engines |
US7887618B2 (en) * | 2008-04-15 | 2011-02-15 | Albemarle Corporation | Methods and sorbents for utilizing a hot-side electrostatic precipitator for removal of mercury from combustion gases |
US9194273B2 (en) | 2008-10-31 | 2015-11-24 | Cummins Inc. | Apparatus, system, and method for aftertreatment control and diagnostics |
US8223337B2 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2012-07-17 | Cummins Inc. | Apparatus, system, and method for aftertreatment control and diagnostics |
US8648322B2 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2014-02-11 | Cummins Inc. | Optical sensing in an adverse environment |
KR100912352B1 (ko) * | 2009-01-23 | 2009-08-14 | 신용태 | 내연기관에 흡입되는 공기의 오존램프광을 이용한 공기 정화장치 |
WO2010085053A2 (ko) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-07-29 | Shin Yong Tae | 내연기관에 흡입되는 공기의 정화장치 |
US8218147B2 (en) | 2010-06-18 | 2012-07-10 | Cummins Inc. | Apparatus, system, and method for detecting engine fluid constituents |
US8893665B2 (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2014-11-25 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for compensating for alcohol concentration in fuel |
CN102383976A (zh) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-03-21 | 杨德利 | 有光解矿化作用环保并提高内燃机燃油燃烧率的方法及其装置 |
SE536263C2 (sv) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-07-23 | Airqone Building Scandinavia Ab | Reningsanordning för gasmedium innefattande medel för kontrollerad tillförsel av joniserad luft |
CN102705115B (zh) * | 2012-05-14 | 2015-05-13 | 广州正奥环保科技有限公司 | 一种车用臭氧发生器节油减排装置 |
US9157391B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2015-10-13 | EMIT Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods for controlling a combustion engine |
RU2636717C2 (ru) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-11-27 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ" (ФГБОУ ВО "НИУ "МЭИ") | Способ очистки газовых выбросов от полициклических ароматических углеводородов, в том числе бенз(а)пирена |
CN106677929A (zh) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-17 | 陈继周 | 一种节油机动车尾气处理器 |
DE102017213196A1 (de) | 2017-07-31 | 2019-01-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gasanalysator zur Messung von Stickoxiden und Schwefeldioxid in Abgasen |
DE102017213980A1 (de) | 2017-08-10 | 2019-02-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gasanalysator zur Messung von Stickoxiden und mindestens einer weiteren Komponente eines Abgases |
CN108361116B (zh) * | 2018-01-31 | 2020-05-19 | 成都信息工程大学 | 一种汽油机助燃节油装置及其控制方法 |
US10753265B2 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2020-08-25 | Christopher Mark HILL | Exhuast air pollution elimination device |
CN114653206B (zh) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-11-22 | 陕煤集团神木红柳林矿业有限公司 | 一种煤矿燃油车尾气处理系统 |
CN115463543B (zh) * | 2022-07-28 | 2023-06-16 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | 一种燃煤机组scr脱硝精准喷氨系统 |
Family Cites Families (59)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1333836A (en) * | 1918-02-28 | 1920-03-16 | Csanyi Henry | Art of producing charges for power devices |
US1725661A (en) * | 1927-08-16 | 1929-08-20 | Oswin C Moll | Ozonator |
US1982484A (en) * | 1929-11-06 | 1934-11-27 | Arthur C Runge | Ozonizing apparatus for internal combustion engines |
US3188167A (en) * | 1961-07-12 | 1965-06-08 | Minerals & Chem Philipp Corp | Treatment of exhaust gases |
FR1364714A (fr) | 1962-05-15 | 1964-06-26 | Gen Precision Inc | Système de navigation par inertie |
FR1364716A (fr) * | 1963-05-14 | 1964-06-26 | Procédé d'assainissement des résidus gazeux, en particulier des moteurs thermiques | |
US3983021A (en) | 1971-06-09 | 1976-09-28 | Monsanto Company | Nitrogen oxide decomposition process |
US3896616A (en) * | 1972-04-21 | 1975-07-29 | Engelhard Min & Chem | Process and apparatus |
US3979193A (en) * | 1972-07-03 | 1976-09-07 | Jack Sikich | Corona discharge apparatus |
JPS5142245B2 (ja) * | 1974-07-08 | 1976-11-15 | ||
JPS5390159A (en) * | 1977-01-21 | 1978-08-08 | Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd | Denitrating method |
US4185316A (en) | 1977-07-06 | 1980-01-22 | Fleck Carl M | Apparatus for the generation of ions |
US4118193A (en) * | 1977-07-29 | 1978-10-03 | Beckman Instruments, Inc. | Catalytic reactor systems method and apparatus |
US4195606A (en) * | 1977-11-17 | 1980-04-01 | Pearson Asa M | Method and apparatus for treating air for internal combustion engines |
JPS5511055A (en) * | 1978-07-11 | 1980-01-25 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Gas treating apparatus |
US4308844A (en) * | 1979-06-08 | 1982-01-05 | Persinger James G | Method and apparatus for improving efficiency in combustion engines |
FR2481945A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-12 | 1981-11-13 | Dri Jean Pierre | Procede de neutralisation des effluents nocifs contenus dans les gaz d'echappement des moteurs thermiques et dispositifs pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
US4309199A (en) * | 1980-05-15 | 1982-01-05 | Nagatoshi Suzuki | Air cleaner for engines |
US4434771A (en) * | 1980-10-20 | 1984-03-06 | Israel Slomnicki | Ozone production system |
US4519357A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1985-05-28 | Am-Air Limited Partnership | Air ionizer for internal combustion engines |
US4780277A (en) | 1985-05-10 | 1988-10-25 | Shinryo Corporation | Method and apparatus for subjecting gases to discharge treatment |
US4969328A (en) * | 1986-10-21 | 1990-11-13 | Kammel Refaat A | Diesel engine exhaust oxidizer |
US4979364A (en) | 1988-03-11 | 1990-12-25 | Fleck Carl M | Diesel fuel exhaust gas filter |
US4945721A (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1990-08-07 | Environmental Research International, Inc. | Electromagnetic converter for reduction of exhaust emissions |
US4954320A (en) | 1988-04-22 | 1990-09-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Reactive bed plasma air purification |
US4902487A (en) | 1988-05-13 | 1990-02-20 | Johnson Matthey, Inc. | Treatment of diesel exhaust gases |
EP0366876B1 (en) | 1988-10-05 | 1993-05-12 | Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas treating apparatus |
US5154807A (en) * | 1989-01-30 | 1992-10-13 | Academy Of Applied Science | Method of and electrolytic-catalytic cell for improving the completion of combustion of oxygenated hydrocarbon fuels by chemically modifying the structure thereof including through developing hydroxyl ions therein |
US4968396A (en) * | 1989-01-30 | 1990-11-06 | The Academy Of Applied Science | Method of and electrolytic-catalytic cell for improving the completion of combustion of oxygenated hydrocarbon fuels by chemically modifying the structure and combustibility thereof, including through developing hydroxyl ions therein |
US5010869A (en) * | 1989-08-11 | 1991-04-30 | Zenion Industries, Inc. | Air ionization system for internal combustion engines |
US5050377A (en) * | 1990-01-31 | 1991-09-24 | Joseph W. Eng | Exhaust emission control apparatus |
JPH05507992A (ja) | 1990-07-02 | 1993-11-11 | フレック、カール・エム | 排気ガス浄化方法および装置 |
JPH04276167A (ja) * | 1991-03-04 | 1992-10-01 | Masayuki Yokota | オゾン添加による炭素系燃料の完全燃焼 |
US5284556A (en) * | 1991-05-01 | 1994-02-08 | Plasmachines, Inc. | Exhaust treatment system and method |
JP2906356B2 (ja) * | 1992-02-04 | 1999-06-21 | 株式会社クボタ | 排ガス脱硝方法 |
US5246632A (en) * | 1992-05-21 | 1993-09-21 | Wentworth Fred Albert Jr | Circulatory ion vapor generator and method |
US5300266A (en) * | 1992-05-27 | 1994-04-05 | Scientific Products Corporation | Electrical apparatus and method for generating antibiotic |
JPH05332128A (ja) * | 1992-05-27 | 1993-12-14 | Nagatoshi Suzuki | 排気ガス浄化装置 |
JPH0822367B2 (ja) * | 1992-11-27 | 1996-03-06 | 富士通株式会社 | ガス浄化装置 |
GB9301433D0 (en) | 1993-01-20 | 1993-03-17 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Gas purification |
US5649517A (en) * | 1993-02-18 | 1997-07-22 | The University Of Chicago | Variable oxygen/nitrogen enriched intake air system for internal combustion engine applications |
US5419123A (en) * | 1993-03-29 | 1995-05-30 | Unlimited Technologies, Inc. | Emission control device and method |
US5410871A (en) | 1993-03-29 | 1995-05-02 | Unlimited Technologies, Inc. | Emission control device and method |
GB9320662D0 (en) | 1993-10-07 | 1993-11-24 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Corona discharge reactor |
DE4400653A1 (de) * | 1994-01-12 | 1995-07-13 | U W Schmidt | Ozonerzeuger für Verbrennungsmaschinen |
US5806305A (en) * | 1994-05-18 | 1998-09-15 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Method and apparatus for reducing pollutants |
US5692481A (en) * | 1994-05-18 | 1997-12-02 | Lockheed Corporation | Method and apparatus for reducing contaminants in exhaust gases of an engine |
AU681271B2 (en) | 1994-06-07 | 1997-08-21 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Method and apparatus for sequentially staged combustion using a catalyst |
US5549795A (en) | 1994-08-25 | 1996-08-27 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Corona source for producing corona discharge and fluid waste treatment with corona discharge |
US5695619A (en) | 1995-05-25 | 1997-12-09 | Hughes Aircraft | Gaseous pollutant destruction method using self-resonant corona discharge |
US5771683A (en) | 1995-08-30 | 1998-06-30 | Southwest Research Institute | Active porous medium aftertreatment control system |
US5609736A (en) | 1995-09-26 | 1997-03-11 | Research Triangle Institute | Methods and apparatus for controlling toxic compounds using catalysis-assisted non-thermal plasma |
US5863413A (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 1999-01-26 | Litex, Inc. | Method for using hydroxyl radical to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases from the combustion of a fuel |
US5746984A (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1998-05-05 | Low Emissions Technologies Research And Development Partnership | Exhaust system with emissions storage device and plasma reactor |
US5891409A (en) | 1996-08-19 | 1999-04-06 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Pre-converted nitric oxide gas in catalytic reduction system |
US5711147A (en) | 1996-08-19 | 1998-01-27 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Plasma-assisted catalytic reduction system |
US6119455A (en) | 1996-08-30 | 2000-09-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process and device for purifying exhaust gases containing nitrogen oxides |
DE19635232A1 (de) | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-05 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur plasmachemischen Zersetzung und/oder Vernichtung von Schadstoffen |
US5942026A (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-08-24 | Erlichman; Alexander | Ozone generators useful in automobiles |
-
1996
- 1996-06-28 US US08/671,955 patent/US5806305A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-19 KR KR1019980704638A patent/KR20000064467A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-12-19 JP JP52305397A patent/JP2001508514A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1996-12-19 WO PCT/US1996/020581 patent/WO1997022794A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-12-19 AU AU13479/97A patent/AU726650B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-12-19 BR BR9612085-1A patent/BR9612085A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-12-19 EP EP96945015A patent/EP0868605A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-12-19 CN CN96199911A patent/CN1209190A/zh active Pending
- 1996-12-19 CA CA002241110A patent/CA2241110A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-12-19 RU RU98113717/06A patent/RU2168053C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-06-19 MX MX9804953A patent/MX9804953A/es unknown
- 1998-06-23 US US09/103,249 patent/US6012283A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-10-07 US US09/414,452 patent/US6253544B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-08-21 CN CN00126215A patent/CN1289005A/zh active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005344514A (ja) * | 2004-05-31 | 2005-12-15 | Kazuo Motochi | 燃焼機関の補助ガス供給装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6012283A (en) | 2000-01-11 |
AU726650B2 (en) | 2000-11-16 |
US5806305A (en) | 1998-09-15 |
US6253544B1 (en) | 2001-07-03 |
WO1997022794A3 (en) | 1997-11-13 |
RU2168053C2 (ru) | 2001-05-27 |
CN1209190A (zh) | 1999-02-24 |
BR9612085A (pt) | 1999-12-28 |
MX9804953A (es) | 1998-10-31 |
KR20000064467A (ko) | 2000-11-06 |
EP0868605A2 (en) | 1998-10-07 |
CA2241110A1 (en) | 1997-06-26 |
CN1289005A (zh) | 2001-03-28 |
WO1997022794A2 (en) | 1997-06-26 |
AU1347997A (en) | 1997-07-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP2001508514A (ja) | エンジンの排気ガス中の汚染物質を減じるための方法及び装置 | |
US6264899B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for using hydroxyl to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases from the combustion of a fuel | |
WO1997022794A9 (en) | A method and apparatus for reducing pollutants and contaminants in exhaust gases of an engine | |
US6212883B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for treating exhaust gas from vehicles | |
US6557340B1 (en) | System and method for purifying exhaust gases | |
US11732631B2 (en) | Exhaust gas purification system for a gasoline engine | |
US20030140616A1 (en) | Purification of exhaust gases | |
CA2305238A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for using free radicals to reduce pollutants in the exhaust gases from the combustion of a fuel | |
US11859526B2 (en) | Exhaust gas purification system for a gasoline engine | |
US11377993B2 (en) | Exhaust gas purification system for a gasoline engine | |
US11547969B2 (en) | Exhaust gas purification system for a gasoline engine | |
US6479023B1 (en) | System for converting particulate matter in gasoline engine exhaust gases | |
WO2020079137A1 (en) | Exhaust gas purification system for a gasoline engine | |
JPH11324652A (ja) | 自動車の有害物質の放出を低減する方法 | |
US5692481A (en) | Method and apparatus for reducing contaminants in exhaust gases of an engine | |
US20010003898A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for reducing pollutants | |
JP2008144645A (ja) | 排気ガス浄化装置 | |
JPH06335621A (ja) | 自動車用排ガス処理装置 | |
AU1831701A (en) | A method and apparatus for reducing pollutants and contaminants in exhaust gases of an engine | |
JPH0568894A (ja) | 排気ガス浄化装置 | |
JP2005207316A (ja) | 排気ガス処理装置および排気ガス処理方法 | |
KR20000006954U (ko) | 유해 배기가스 저감형 자동차의 배기장치 | |
KR20000026416A (ko) | 차량의 유해 배기가스를 저감하는 방법 및 그 장치 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20031219 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20031219 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20060829 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20061129 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20070122 |
|
A313 | Final decision of rejection without a dissenting response from the applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A313 Effective date: 20070413 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20070529 |