JP2001238567A - Controlling apparatus of growth of fish and shellfish - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a controlling apparatus of growth of fishes and shellfishes capable of controlling the growth according to temperature fluctuation curve of nature with a simple structure. SOLUTION: Raw water A1 gathered from a water-supplying source in nature is cooled or heated by a water temperature adjusting means C and thereby supplied to a hatching and feeding pond B as producing water A2 varying the temperature thereof according to the temperature fluctuation curve of nature. The growth of fishes and shellfishes in the hatching and feeding pond B are inhibited or promoted in the producing water A2 gently varying the temperature in a long period as well as the water temperature variations of rivers in which the fishes and the shellfishes are captured. The producing water A2 in the hatching and feeding pond B is dumped so as to be wholly exchanged.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a fish and shellfish growth control system used in a growth control system or a growth control system method for suppressing or promoting the growth of fish and shellfish such as salmon and trout at the hatching stage, the fish farming stage and the breeding stage. Related to the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in the case of salmon, etc., fall and salmon upstream from a river are caught and collected in the first half (August and September), the middle half (October), and the second half (November and December). Fisheries Agency Salmon ・
They are being hatched and released at resource management centers. The current release does not take into account the size and water temperature of the fry,
They are released into the river during the month. In recent years, according to previous studies, the water temperature at which salmon fry survives is 9.5-1.
It is found that the temperature is 2.5 degrees, and in the case of the coast of Hokkaido, the "centralized discharge method", in which the seawater temperature is in this temperature range from early June to early July, is expected to have a more stable return. I can do it. The salmon return time is determined not by the release time but by the hatching time. Therefore, even in the "centralized release method", the return time is not concentrated, and there is no need to adjust the landing balance. For this reason,
Eggs caught and collected in the later stage are transported to hatching tanks in different places with different water temperatures by truck, etc., and the hatching time is adjusted by controlling the growth rate of the eggs at that water temperature and suppressing or promoting growth. In addition, by transporting to a fish pond or breeding pond in a different place where the water temperature is different even at the fish farming stage or breeding stage, and controlling the growth rate of the juvenile at that water temperature, all the juveniles Is considering releasing at approximately the same size during the optimal period.

[0003]

However, in such a conventional growth control device, in the case of salmon or the like,
After transporting the eggs and fry to another place and controlling their growth, respectively, it is necessary to transport them again to the original captured river and hatch and release them, so the vibrations during transportation put stress on the eggs and fry. In addition to the risk of poor growth, there is a problem that eggs and fry are transported in large quantities in an overcrowded state due to a reduction in transportation costs, and are easily damaged due to diseases such as virus infection. Furthermore, since the growth cannot be controlled in the same place from hatching to just before the release, when eggs and fry are reciprocated from the original river where they were captured to another location, they may be mistaken for eggs or fry caught in another river. If this mixed fry is released in a different river than the one that was caught and spawned, the return will be to the caught and spawned river instead of the released one. There is a problem that it cannot be landed in a river that has been released. Therefore, by controlling the water temperature of hatching tanks, fish ponds, breeding ponds, etc. provided in the same place to control the growth rate of eggs and fry, growth is suppressed at the same place without transporting from hatching to just before release. It is conceivable to promote growth. In the first place, it is desirable to breed eggs and fry in conditions close to the natural environment, and specifically, changes in the water temperature of the captured river have a great effect.
The water temperature of a river differs greatly between daytime and sunset, and changes gradually along a long-term natural temperature fluctuation curve throughout the day. Conversely, when raised in an environment where the water temperature changes in a short cycle, the salmon eggs and fry are sensitively affected and adversely affected, and if the newly grown fry is released into the natural environment, it will survive. The rate is low and the regression rate drops significantly. However, in the case of the above, it is easy to detect the water temperature of a hatchery tank, a fish pond, a breeding pond, etc., and to cool or heat in a short cycle by a water temperature adjusting device based on this water temperature change to approach the set temperature. However, it is difficult to change the temperature along the natural temperature fluctuation curve. To achieve this, not only the structure of the water temperature adjustment device becomes complicated and the production cost becomes expensive, but also the hatching tank, fishpond, and rearing When a disease occurs in a pond or the like, there is a problem that the infection is early.

An object of the present invention is to enable growth control along a natural temperature fluctuation curve with a simple structure. The invention according to claim 2 aims at effectively utilizing the wastewater from the hatchery pond in addition to the object of the invention according to claim 1.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is to supply raw water from a water supply source such as a river or the sea to a hatchery pond for fish and shellfish. A water supply line for water supply is provided, and a water temperature adjusting means is provided in the middle of the water supply line to produce product water whose temperature changes along a natural temperature fluctuation curve by cooling or heating raw water, The breeding pond is provided with a drainage pipe that drains the produced water and drips all the water. The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that a configuration in which a heat exchanger is disposed between a drainage pipe from the hatchery pond and a water supply pipe is added to the configuration of the invention according to claim 1. And

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the raw water collected from the natural world is cooled or heated by the water temperature adjusting means, and is thereby supplied into the hatchery ponds as production water whose temperature changes along a natural temperature fluctuation curve. You. The growth of the fish and shellfish in the hatchery pond is suppressed or promoted in the production water in which the cycle similar to the change in the water temperature of the river in which the fish and shellfish are captured is long and the temperature gradually changes. The produced water in the hatchery pond is drained so that all the water is replaced. According to the second aspect of the present invention, since a configuration in which a heat exchanger is provided between a drainage pipe from the hatchery pond and a water supply pipe is added to the configuration according to the first aspect, the water temperature can be adjusted. The heat energy of the wastewater is transferred to the raw water by allowing the wastewater from the hatchery pond, which has already been cooled or heated by the means, to flow down after exchanging heat with the raw water.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. This embodiment is a method or a system for controlling the growth of fish and shellfish from hatching to immediately before release in a hatching breeding pond B disposed at the same place. As shown in FIG. A case will be described in which the raw water A1 directly collected from the natural world is cooled by the water temperature adjusting means C so that the hatching time and the growth of the fry are controlled in accordance with the optimal release time.

[0008] The apparatus used in the method or system for controlling the growth of fish and shellfish includes a hatchery pond B containing salmon eggs and fry and a hatchery pond B from a water supply source (not shown) such as a river or sea. And a drainage pipe 3 from the hatchery pond B. Water supply line 1
A water supply pump 2 is provided in the middle of the process, and by the operation of the water supply pump 2, raw water A1 collected from a water supply source is supplied to the hatchery pond B at a constant flow rate.

The hatching breeding pond B is, for example, a hatching tank used in the hatching stage, a fish pond used in the fish raising stage, a breeding pond used in the breeding stage, a combined use pond or other aquarium in the fish raising stage and the breeding stage, or a natural tank A plurality of hatching tanks and fish ponds are provided in the same place, including ponds.When hatching is completed, for example, when hatching is completed, transfer from hatching tanks to fish ponds or combined use ponds, or growth of fry The fish pond may be transferred to a rearing pond according to the stage. The flow rate from the water supply source to the hatchery pond B is set by a flow control valve 1a provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 1, and can be adjusted by the operation.

A water temperature adjusting means C is provided downstream of the water supply pump 2. In the case of this embodiment, the water temperature adjusting means C is a heat pump, and the cooling water provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 1 is provided. Machine C1 and drainage line 3 from hatchery rearing pond B to be described later
And a compressor C3 provided over both of them.

The cooler C1 vaporizes the refrigerant gas supplied from the compressor C3 and cools the raw water A1 at a substantially constant temperature range, so that the production water whose temperature changes along the temperature fluctuation curve of the water supply source. A2 is prepared, and the produced water A2 is supplied to the hatchery pond B.

In the case of this embodiment, a water temperature sensor C4 for detecting the water temperature of the raw water A1 immediately before being cooled is provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 1 and immediately before the cooler C1. , An auxiliary temperature control valve C5 provided in a communication path between the cooler C1 and the compressor C3 is operated and the flow rate of the refrigerant gas supplied from the compressor C3 to the cooler C1 is automatically adjusted. . As a result, the cooling temperature of the cooler C1 is slightly corrected according to the change in the temperature of the raw water A1,
Thereby, the temperature of the production water A2 is controlled so that the temperature of the production water A2 changes within a range not largely different from the temperature fluctuation curve of the water supply source, or when the water temperature of the raw water A1 drops rapidly, the production water A2 The temperature may be controlled so that the temperature does not fall below the target temperature and does not fall below the growth limit temperature of salmon eggs or fry.

A drain port B1 is opened in the hatchery pond B so that salmon eggs and fry do not flow out directly, and a drain pipe 3 is connected to the drain port B1 by piping. 2 is communicated to the outside of the tank, and the produced water A2 in the tank is drained from the drain port B1 and drips so that all the produced water A2 is replaced.

Further, a condenser C2 of the heat pump C is disposed in the middle of the drainage pipe 2, and drainage A3 from the hatching pond B already cooled by the cooler C1 is discharged to the condenser C2.
2, the wastewater A3 exchanges heat with the raw water A1 in the water supply pipe 1 via the refrigerant gas in the heat pump C, and the heat energy of the wastewater A3 moves to the raw water A1 to cool the refrigerant gas. After being reused as water, it is dripped. That is, the heat pump constituting the water temperature adjusting means C
It is also a heat exchanger for drainage A3 and raw water A1 provided over the drainage line 3 and the water supply line 1.

In the case of the illustrated example, a makeup water line 4 is provided downstream of the water supply pump 2 and communicates with the hatchery pond B without passing through the water temperature adjusting means C. The raw water A is operated by the operation of the make-up water solenoid valve 5 disposed at
1 may be supplied directly to the drainage port B1 of the hatch breeding pond B, and if water leaks from the water supply line 1 or the hatch breeding pond B, the water may be replenished accordingly.

Further, a booster pump 6 may be provided in the middle of the drain pipe 2, and a downstream side of the water supply pipe 1 downstream of the cooler C 1 and a downstream side of the drain pipe 2 of the compressor C 3. Water meters 7, 7 may be provided on the side.

The above-mentioned water supply pump 2, the compressor C3 of the heat pump C, the solenoid valve 5 for make-up water, and the booster pump 6
Are electrically connected to the controller D. The controller D controls the water supply pump 2 based on inputs from a water temperature sensor 8 provided downstream of the cooler C1 of the water supply line 1 and a water level gauge 9 provided near the drainage port B1 of the hatchery pond B. , The compressor C3, the supply water solenoid valve 5 and the booster pump 6 may be automatically controlled.

Next, the operation of the fish and shellfish growth control device will be described. First, raw water A1 collected from a water supply source in the natural world is cooled at a substantially constant temperature range by the water temperature adjusting means C, and thereby becomes production water A2 whose temperature changes along a natural temperature fluctuation curve, and is supplied to the hatchery pond B. Water is supplied. The growth of the salmon eggs and fry stored in the hatchery pond B is suppressed in the production water A2 which has a long cycle similar to the change in the water temperature of the river from which it was captured and whose temperature changes slowly.

As a result, the growth can be controlled along the natural temperature fluctuation curve with a simple structure. Therefore, it can be bred in a state close to the natural environment and at low cost, the survival rate when salmon is released into the natural world is improved, the regression rate is significantly improved, and the growth can be controlled in the same place from hatching to just before the release, Vibration during transportation can put stress on eggs and fry, and can prevent damage due to virus infection and other illnesses during transportation, and also can cause accidents to be mistaken for salmon eggs or fry caught in another river. Can be completely prevented.

Further, since the production water A2 in the hatching breeding pond B is drained so that all of the water is replaced, even if a disease occurs in the hatching breeding pond B, the disease is hardly transmitted, and a drug is injected for disease control. However, the drug concentration does not rise, and no salmon eggs or fry will die.

In the case of the present embodiment, the wastewater A3 from the hatchery pond B already cooled by the water temperature adjusting means C is
By flowing down after the heat exchange with the raw water A1, the heat energy of the drainage A3 moves to the raw water A1 and is reused as cooling water for the refrigerant gas.

As a result, the heat energy of the wastewater A3 from the hatching pond B can be effectively used. Therefore, Hatchery Pond B
The wastewater A3 is more economical than cooling the wastewater A3 without heat exchange with the raw water A1.

On the other hand, FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which the temperature sensor C4 and the auxiliary temperature control valve C5 are not provided. Is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that a temperature control valve C6 for maintaining a fixed flow rate at a set amount is provided in a communication path between a cooler C1 and a compressor C3. Is the same as the embodiment shown in FIG.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the flow rate of the refrigerant gas supplied from the compressor C3 to the cooler C1 is constant unless the temperature control valve C6 is manually operated. The raw water A1 is cooled at a substantially constant temperature range without changing the cooling capacity of the cooler C1 in accordance with the water temperature change, so that the temperature of the product water A2 is completely changed along the temperature fluctuation curve of the water supply source. Temperature controlled. When changing the cooling temperature of the production water A2 with respect to the raw water A1,
It is necessary to manually operate the temperature control valve C6 to reset the flow rate of the refrigerant gas.

In the embodiment described above, the case where the growth of fish and shellfish from hatching to immediately before release is controlled in the hatching breeding pond B disposed in the same place is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The same applies to the case where the growth of fish and shellfish other than salmon is controlled. Furthermore, only the case where the raw water A is cooled by the water temperature adjusting means C to suppress the hatching time and the growth of the juvenile fish in accordance with the optimal period of the release is described, but the present invention is not limited to this. C may promote the growth of heated fish and shellfish at a substantially constant temperature range. In this case, since the operation is completely opposite to the case where the cooling is performed by the water temperature adjusting means C, the description thereof is omitted.

In the embodiment described above, the wastewater A3 from the hatching breeding pond B, already cooled by the water temperature adjusting means C, drips after being exchanged with the raw water A1 via the refrigerant gas in the heat pump C. The present invention is not limited to this. Even if the wastewater A3 from the hatchery pond B exchanges heat with the raw water A1 via a general heat exchanger having a conventionally well-known structure, or directly drips without exchanging heat with the raw water A1. good. Further, the wastewater A3 is reused as the cooling water for the refrigerant gas, but is not limited thereto, and the refrigerant gas may be cooled by air cooling.

[0027]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the raw water collected from the natural world is cooled or heated by the water temperature adjusting means, whereby the temperature of the raw water is changed along the natural temperature fluctuation curve. Water is supplied to the hatchery pond as changing production water, and the fish and shellfish in this hatchery pond grow in the production water that has a long cycle and a gradual temperature change similar to the change in water temperature of the river from which it was captured. Is suppressed or promoted, and the product water in the hatchery pond is dripped so that all the water is replaced. Therefore, the growth can be controlled along the natural temperature fluctuation curve with a simple structure. Therefore, it can be bred in a state close to the natural environment and at low cost, and particularly in the case of salmon or the like, the survival rate when released into the natural world is improved, and the regression rate is significantly improved. Furthermore, in the case of salmon, etc., after transporting eggs and fry to another place and controlling their growth,
Compared to the conventional growth control method that requires transporting to the original captured river again and hatching and releasing it, growth can be controlled in the same place from hatching to just before release, stressing eggs and fry by vibration during transport In addition, it can be prevented from dying due to illness such as virus infection due to damage during transportation, and it is also possible to completely prevent the occurrence of accidents mistaken for eggs or fry caught in another river. In addition, even if a disease occurs in a hatchery pond due to the pouring, the disease is hardly transmitted, and even if a drug is injected to control the disease, the concentration of the drug solution does not increase, and the fish and shellfish will not die.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the wastewater from the hatchery pond, which has already been cooled or heated by the water temperature adjusting means, is subjected to heat exchange with raw water and then drained. Since the heat energy of the wastewater is transferred to the raw water, the wastewater from the hatchery pond can be used effectively. Therefore,
It is more economical than wastewater from hatchery ponds that is cooled or heated without exchanging heat with raw water.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus used for a fish and shellfish growth control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus used in a fish and shellfish growth control apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A1 Raw water A2 Produced water A3 Drainage B Hatchery pond C Water temperature adjustment means, heat exchanger 1 Water supply line 3 Drainage line

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A water supply pipe (1) for supplying raw water (A1) is provided from a water supply source such as a river or the sea to a hatchery pond (B) for fish and shellfish, and the water supply pipe (1) is provided. ) Is provided with a water temperature adjusting means (C) for producing the production water (A2) whose temperature changes along a natural temperature fluctuation curve by cooling or heating the raw water (A1). ) Is provided with a drainage pipe (3) for draining the produced water (A2) so as to be entirely replaced. 2. The fish and shellfish growth according to claim 1, wherein a heat exchanger (C) is provided between the drainage pipe (3) from the hatchery pond (B) and the water supply pipe (1). Control device.