JP2001221998A - Liquid crystal display element and electronic instrument - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display element and electronic instrumentInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001221998A JP2001221998A JP2000375966A JP2000375966A JP2001221998A JP 2001221998 A JP2001221998 A JP 2001221998A JP 2000375966 A JP2000375966 A JP 2000375966A JP 2000375966 A JP2000375966 A JP 2000375966A JP 2001221998 A JP2001221998 A JP 2001221998A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- crystal display
- display element
- display device
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は可とう性のある基板
を用いた液晶表示素子及び液晶表示装置の再生方法及び
液晶表示装置の保管方法及び液晶表示素子を搭載した電
子機器の構造に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device using a flexible substrate, a method of reproducing the liquid crystal display device, a method of storing the liquid crystal display device, and a structure of an electronic device equipped with the liquid crystal display device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、プラスチックフィルム等の可とう
性のある基板を用いた液晶表示素子の基板断面にはガス
バリア処理は行われていなかった。また、プラスチック
フィルム等の可とう性のある基板を用いた液晶表示素子
の液晶は、ガラス基板を用いた液晶表示素子の液晶と同
様に気体溶解度及び気体飽和度を管理せず製造されてい
た。また、プラスチックフィルム等の可とう性のある基
板を用いた液晶表示素子のスペ−サ−密度は初期的に一
定の厚さを挟持させることを目的に設置密度を１００コ
〜１５０コ／ｍｍ2にしていた。また、プラスチックフ
ィルム等の可とう性のある基板を用いた液晶表示素子の
再生は行われずにいた。また、プラスチックフィルム等
の可とう性のある基板を用いた液晶表示素子の保管はガ
ラス基板を用いた液晶表示素子と同様に常温常圧下で行
われていた。2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, gas barrier treatment has not been performed on the cross section of a liquid crystal display device using a flexible substrate such as a plastic film. In addition, the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal display device using a flexible substrate such as a plastic film has been manufactured without controlling the gas solubility and the gas saturation similarly to the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal display device using the glass substrate. The spacer density of a liquid crystal display device using a flexible substrate such as a plastic film is initially set at 100 to 150 cores / mm 2 for the purpose of sandwiching a constant thickness. I was Also, reproduction of a liquid crystal display element using a flexible substrate such as a plastic film has not been performed. In addition, storage of a liquid crystal display device using a flexible substrate such as a plastic film has been performed at room temperature and normal pressure as in the case of a liquid crystal display device using a glass substrate.
【０００３】また、プラスチックフィルム等の可とう性
のある基板から成る液晶表示素子を搭載した電子機器の
構造は、ガラス基板を用いた液晶表示素子を搭載した電
子機器の構造と同様に、外圧が直接液晶表示素子にかか
るような構造となっていた。Further, the structure of an electronic device equipped with a liquid crystal display element formed of a flexible substrate such as a plastic film has the same external pressure as that of an electronic device equipped with a liquid crystal display element using a glass substrate. The structure is such as to directly apply to a liquid crystal display element.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、プラスチック
フィルム等の可とう性のある基板から成る液晶表示素子
は、ガラス基板と違いプラスチックフィルム基板自身に
ガスあるいは水蒸気透過性があるため、常温常圧下で保
管あるいは使用することによりガスあるいは水蒸気がプ
ラスチックフィルム基板等を透過して液晶内に溶け込ん
でしまうことが確認されている。このようにして液晶内
に溶け込んだ気体等が飽和状態に達した場合、外力によ
り変形しやすい可とう性のある基板から成る液晶表示素
子の特性から、例えば指で押されたり、落下等により、
表示面に衝撃が加わったりすると液晶表示素子内に気泡
が発生し表示不良になることがあった。However, a liquid crystal display device comprising a flexible substrate such as a plastic film is different from a glass substrate in that the plastic film substrate itself is permeable to gas or water vapor. It has been confirmed that when stored or used, gas or water vapor permeates through a plastic film substrate or the like and dissolves in the liquid crystal. When the gas or the like dissolved in the liquid crystal reaches a saturated state in this way, due to the characteristics of the liquid crystal display element composed of a flexible substrate which is easily deformed by an external force, for example, being pushed by a finger, falling, or the like,
When an impact is applied to the display surface, bubbles are generated in the liquid crystal display element, and display may be defective.
【０００５】そこで本発明はこのような課題を解決する
もので、その目的は長時間保管あるいは使用しても液晶
表示素子内に気泡が発生しない信頼性の高い液晶表示素
子及び液晶表示素子を搭載した電子機器を提供するとこ
ろにある。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention is to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a highly reliable liquid crystal display element which does not generate bubbles in the liquid crystal display element even if the liquid crystal display element is stored or used for a long time. Electronic devices.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の液晶表示素子
は、液晶分子を配向させるための配向膜を形成した一対
の可とう性のある基板がスペーサーを介して一定の間隔
でシール材により対向接着され該間隔を封止して成る液
晶表示素子において、前記液晶表示素子の基板断面にガ
スバリア処理を行うことを特徴とする。According to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a pair of flexible substrates on which an alignment film for aligning liquid crystal molecules is formed are opposed to each other by a sealing material at a predetermined interval via a spacer. In a liquid crystal display element formed by bonding and sealing the gap, gas barrier processing is performed on a cross section of the substrate of the liquid crystal display element.
【０００７】また、前記液晶表示素子の液晶の酸素飽和
溶解度が１０μl/ｍｌ以上、窒素飽和溶解度が１０μl/
ｍｌ以上、水蒸気飽和溶解度１００ｐｐｍ以上である液
晶を用いたこと、及び前記液晶表示素子製造直後に於け
る液晶中の酸素、窒素、水蒸気それぞれ、かつ、合わせ
た気体飽和度が０．９以下であることを特徴とする。The liquid crystal of the liquid crystal display device has an oxygen saturation solubility of 10 μl / ml or more and a nitrogen saturation solubility of 10 μl / ml.
ml or more, liquid crystal having a water vapor saturation solubility of 100 ppm or more was used, and oxygen, nitrogen, and water vapor in the liquid crystal immediately after the production of the liquid crystal display element, and the combined gas saturation was 0.9 or less. It is characterized by the following.
【０００８】また、前記液晶表示素子のスペーサーの数
量が１５０コ〜３００コ／ｍｍ2の密度であり、前記フ
ィルム基板の内面上と前記配向膜間に鉛筆硬度Ｈ以上の
ハ−ドコ−ト層を形成したことを特徴とする。The number of spacers in the liquid crystal display element is a density of 150 to 300 pieces / mm 2 , and a hard coat layer having a pencil hardness of H or more between the inner surface of the film substrate and the alignment film. Is formed.
【０００９】また、前記液晶表示素子を減圧下で放置
し、再生を行うことを特徴とする。[0009] Further, the liquid crystal display element is left under a reduced pressure to perform reproduction.
【００１０】また、前記液晶表示素子を加圧して気泡を
消滅させた後、減圧下で放置し、再生を行うことを特徴
とする。Further, after the liquid crystal display element is pressurized to eliminate bubbles, the liquid crystal display element is left under reduced pressure to perform reproduction.
【００１１】また、前記液晶表示素子の保管を減圧下で
行うことを特徴とする。また、前記液晶表示素子上に厚
さ０．５ｍｍ以上の保護板の設置を行ったことを特徴と
する。また、前記液晶表示素子と前記保護板が０．５ｍ
ｍ以上の間隔によって配置されていることを特徴とす
る。Further, the liquid crystal display element is stored under reduced pressure. Further, a protection plate having a thickness of 0.5 mm or more is provided on the liquid crystal display element. Also, the liquid crystal display element and the protective plate are 0.5 m
It is characterized by being arranged at intervals of m or more.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】〔実施例１〕図１に本実施例の液晶表示素子
の断面図を示す。ここで１は基板であり両方とも図１０
に示すような支持基板にポリカ−ボネ−トフィルム９を
用いその両側にガスバリア層としてＥＶＡ（エチレンと
酢酸ビニルの共重合体）１０を塗布し更にその両側にハ
−ドコ−ト層として鉛筆硬度Ｈ（日本工業規格ＪＩＳ
Ｋ５４００６．１４項による硬度）以上のフェノキシ樹
脂１１を塗布したガスバリアフィルムを用いた。２はＩ
ＴＯ（インジウム・スズ酸化物）膜からなる透明電極、
３は配向膜、４はスペーサー、５はシール材、６は液晶
である。[Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a liquid crystal display device of this embodiment. Here, 1 is a substrate, both of which are shown in FIG.
A EVA (copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate) 10 is coated on both sides of a polycarbonate film 9 as a gas barrier layer on a supporting substrate as shown in FIG. (Japanese Industrial Standard JIS
A gas barrier film coated with a phenoxy resin 11 having a hardness of K54006.14 or higher was used. 2 is I
A transparent electrode made of a TO (indium tin oxide) film,
Reference numeral 3 denotes an alignment film, 4 denotes a spacer, 5 denotes a sealing material, and 6 denotes a liquid crystal.
【００１３】本液晶表示素子の製造方法は、ガスバリア
フィルム上に低温スパッタリング法により透明電極２を
形成し、フォトリソグラフィー法により所定のパターン
を形成する。その上に配向膜３をオフセット印刷により
膜付けし、焼成することにより成膜する。次に、前記配
向膜３を布で所定の方向に擦って配向処理を行った後、
一方の基板上にシール材として所定のギャップ材を入れ
たエポキシ系接着剤をスクリーン印刷し、基板上へスペ
−サ−を湿式スプレー法により散布し、２枚の基板を対
向接着した。スペーサ−の散布密度は、１５０コ／ｍｍ
2とした。次に、液晶６を真空注入法により充墳し、注
入部をエポキシ系接着剤で封止した。この液晶セル端面
に図１のようにエポキシ接着剤１３を塗布して硬化さ
せ、更にセルの上下に偏光板を貼付けて液晶表示素子を
完成させた。また、同時に比較品として端面に接着剤を
塗布しない液晶表示素子も作製した。In the method of manufacturing the present liquid crystal display element, a transparent electrode 2 is formed on a gas barrier film by low-temperature sputtering, and a predetermined pattern is formed by photolithography. An alignment film 3 is formed thereon by offset printing and baked to form a film. Next, after performing the alignment process by rubbing the alignment film 3 with a cloth in a predetermined direction,
An epoxy-based adhesive containing a predetermined gap material as a sealant was screen-printed on one of the substrates, and a spacer was sprayed on the substrates by a wet spray method to bond the two substrates to each other. The spray density of the spacer is 150 pcs / mm
And 2 . Next, the liquid crystal 6 was filled by a vacuum injection method, and the injection portion was sealed with an epoxy-based adhesive. An epoxy adhesive 13 was applied to the end face of the liquid crystal cell as shown in FIG. 1 and cured, and further, polarizing plates were stuck on the upper and lower sides of the cell to complete a liquid crystal display device. At the same time, a liquid crystal display element in which an adhesive was not applied to the end face was also manufactured as a comparative product.
【００１４】このようにして作製した本発明の液晶表示
素子と比較品の液晶表示素子を常温常圧下に放置し、放
置した液晶表示素子を図１２に示すように直径約１ｃｍ
の硬球のついた試験具１６で２ｋｇ＊３秒の押し圧をか
け、液晶表示素子内に図１３のような約３０μｍの気泡
核１４を作り、その消滅時間を測定する試験を行った。
その結果、図６に示すように本発明の液晶表示素子のエ
ポキシ接着剤を塗布して硬化させたものと比較品の液晶
表示素子では、気泡核の消え方に差があり、比較品が２
００００時間で気泡核が消えなくなり、図１４の気泡１
５のように逆に成長してしまったのに対して、本発明品
は４００００時間放置しても気泡核が消えることが確認
された。The liquid crystal display element of the present invention and the liquid crystal display element of the comparative product produced in this manner were allowed to stand at room temperature and normal pressure, and the left liquid crystal display element was about 1 cm in diameter as shown in FIG.
A pressure of 2 kg * 3 seconds was applied with a test tool 16 having a hard sphere of No. 3 to form a bubble nucleus 14 of about 30 μm in the liquid crystal display device as shown in FIG.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, there is a difference in the disappearance of bubble nuclei between the liquid crystal display element of the present invention coated with the epoxy adhesive and cured, and the liquid crystal display element of the comparative example.
In 0000 hours, the bubble nuclei did not disappear, and the bubble 1 in FIG.
On the contrary, it was confirmed that the bubble nuclei disappeared even when the product of the present invention was allowed to stand for 40,000 hours, while it grew in reverse as shown in FIG.
【００１５】〔実施例２〕図２に示すように、偏光板を
貼付けてから端面にエポキシ接着剤を塗布して硬化させ
た場合も実施例１と同様の効果が得られた。[Embodiment 2] As shown in FIG. 2, the same effect as in Embodiment 1 was obtained when an epoxy adhesive was applied to the end face and then cured by attaching a polarizing plate.
【００１６】〔実施例３〕図３の１７に示すように、液
晶セルの端面をレ−ザ−または２５０℃の熱刃で切断
し、基板断面を溶着した場合も実施例１と同様の効果が
得られた。Embodiment 3 As shown at 17 in FIG. 3, the same effect as in Embodiment 1 can be obtained when the end face of the liquid crystal cell is cut with a laser or a hot blade at 250.degree. was gotten.
【００１７】〔実施例４〕図４に示すように、偏光板を
貼付ける前の液晶セルをエポキシ接着剤の中に浸漬し液
晶セル全体に皮膜を設けた後、偏光板を貼付けた場合も
実施例１と同様な結果が得られた。[Embodiment 4] As shown in FIG. 4, the liquid crystal cell before attaching the polarizing plate is immersed in an epoxy adhesive to form a film on the entire liquid crystal cell, and then the polarizing plate is attached. The same results as in Example 1 were obtained.
【００１８】〔実施例５〕図５に示すように、液晶セル
の端面のみエポキシ接着剤に浸漬し皮膜を設けた場合も
実施例１と同様の効果が得られた。Example 5 As shown in FIG. 5, the same effect as in Example 1 was obtained when only the end face of the liquid crystal cell was immersed in an epoxy adhesive to form a film.
【００１９】〔実施例６〕実施例１のガスバリアフィル
ムに図１１に示すような偏光素膜１２をポリカ−ボネ−
トフィルム９とＥＶＡ１０とフェノキシ樹脂１１で構成
したフィルムで挟み込んだフィルムを使用し、実施例１
と同様に液晶セルの端面にエポキシ接着剤を塗布して硬
化させ、更にセルの上下に偏光板を貼付けて液晶表示素
子を完成させた。この液晶表示素子に実施例１と同様の
押し圧試験を行ったところ実施例１と同様の効果が得ら
れた。[Embodiment 6] A polarizing element film 12 as shown in FIG.
Example 1 using a film sandwiched between a film composed of a film 9, an EVA 10 and a phenoxy resin 11.
An epoxy adhesive was applied to the end face of the liquid crystal cell and cured in the same manner as described above, and a polarizing plate was attached to the top and bottom of the cell to complete a liquid crystal display device. When a pressing force test similar to that of Example 1 was performed on this liquid crystal display element, the same effect as that of Example 1 was obtained.
【００２０】また、実施例１から実施例６ではエポキシ
接着剤を用いてガスバリア処理を行ったがＥＶＡやＰＶ
Ａ（ポリビニルアルコ−ル）といった他の樹脂でも同様
な効果が得られる事が判明している。In Examples 1 to 6, gas barrier treatment was performed using an epoxy adhesive.
It has been found that similar effects can be obtained with other resins such as A (polyvinyl alcohol).
【００２１】このように複層で構成されているガスバリ
アフィルムを使用した液晶表示素子であればその基板フ
ィルムの断面を接着剤等の樹脂で覆うか、または、熱等
で溶着してガスバリア処理することにより、液晶内への
ガスあるいは水蒸気の透過を減少することが判明してい
る。In the case of a liquid crystal display device using a gas barrier film composed of a plurality of layers as described above, the cross section of the substrate film is covered with a resin such as an adhesive, or is subjected to gas barrier treatment by welding with heat or the like. This has been found to reduce the permeation of gas or water vapor into the liquid crystal.
【００２２】〔実施例７〕実施例１の製造方法に基ず
き、酸素飽和溶解度が１０μl/ｍｌ以上、望ましくは５
０μl/ｍｌ以上の液晶を用いて作成した液晶表示素子を
２００日放置後図１２に示すような直径約１ｃｍの硬球
で２ｋｇ＊３秒の押し圧をかけたところ前記液晶表示素
子には何の異常も見られなかったのに対し、酸素飽和溶
解度が１０μl/ｍｌ未満の液晶を用いて作成した液晶表
示素子には図１４に示すような気泡の発生が見られた。Example 7 Based on the production method of Example 1, the oxygen saturation solubility is 10 μl / ml or more, preferably 5 μl / ml.
After leaving the liquid crystal display device prepared using the liquid crystal of 0 μl / ml or more for 200 days and applying a pressing force of 2 kg * 3 seconds with a hard sphere having a diameter of about 1 cm as shown in FIG. While no abnormalities were observed, bubbles were generated as shown in FIG. 14 in a liquid crystal display device prepared using a liquid crystal having an oxygen saturation solubility of less than 10 μl / ml.
【００２３】〔実施例８〕実施例１と同様の方法で作成
した液晶表示素子に窒素飽和溶解度が１０μl/ｍｌ以
上、望ましくは５０μl/ｍｌ以上の液晶を用いた場合に
おいて、２００日放置後実施例１と同様の押し圧試験を
行ったところ、前記液晶表示素子には何の異常も見られ
なかったのに対し、窒素飽和溶解度が１０μl/ｍｌ未満
の液晶を用いて作成した液晶表示素子には気泡の発生が
見られた。[Embodiment 8] In a case where a liquid crystal having a nitrogen saturation solubility of 10 μl / ml or more, preferably 50 μl / ml or more is used for a liquid crystal display device prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, the test is carried out after standing for 200 days. When the same pressing force test as in Example 1 was performed, no abnormality was found in the liquid crystal display element. On the other hand, a liquid crystal display element prepared using a liquid crystal having a nitrogen saturation solubility of less than 10 μl / ml was used. In the sample, bubbles were generated.
【００２４】〔実施例９〕実施例１と同様の方法で作成
した液晶表示素子に水蒸気飽和溶解度が１００ｐｐｍ以
上、望ましくは３００ｐｐｍの液晶を用いた場合におい
て、２００日放置後実施例１と同様の押し圧試験を行っ
たところ、前記液晶表示素子には何の異常も見られなか
ったのに対し、水蒸気飽和溶解度が１００ｐｐｍ未満の
液晶を用いて作成した液晶表示素子には気泡の発生が見
られた。[Embodiment 9] When a liquid crystal having a water vapor saturation solubility of 100 ppm or more, desirably 300 ppm is used for a liquid crystal display device produced in the same manner as in Embodiment 1, the same liquid crystal display device as Embodiment 1 is left after standing for 200 days. As a result of performing a pressing test, no abnormality was observed in the liquid crystal display element, whereas bubbles were observed in a liquid crystal display element prepared using liquid crystal having a water vapor saturation solubility of less than 100 ppm. Was.
【００２５】〔実施例１０〕実施例１と同様の方法で作
成した液晶表示素子の製造直後における液晶中の酸素、
窒素、及び水蒸気それぞれ、かつ、合わせた気体飽和度
が０．９以下、望ましくは０．５以下である液晶表示素
子に２００日放置後実施例１と同様の押し圧試験を行っ
たところ、前記液晶表示素子には何の異常も見られなか
ったのに対し、酸素、窒素、及び水蒸気それぞれ、か
つ、合わせた気体飽和度が１以上である液晶表示素子に
は気泡の発生が見られた。[Embodiment 10] Oxygen in the liquid crystal immediately after the production of the liquid crystal display element produced in the same manner as in Embodiment 1
Nitrogen and water vapor, respectively, and the combined gas saturation was 0.9 or less, desirably 0.5 or less After standing for 200 days on a liquid crystal display element, the same pressing pressure test as in Example 1 was performed. While no abnormality was observed in the liquid crystal display element, bubbles were observed in the liquid crystal display element in which oxygen, nitrogen, and water vapor were combined and the combined gas saturation was 1 or more.
【００２６】〔実施例１１〕実施例１のスペーサ−の散
布密度を６０コ／ｍｍ2、１５０コ／ｍｍ2、３００コ／
ｍｍ2の３水準とし、作成した３水準の液晶表示素子を
２００日放置後、図１２に示す様な直径約１ｃｍの硬球
で２ｋｇ＊３秒の押し圧をそれぞれかけたところ、スペ
ーサーの散布密度１５０コ／ｍｍ2と３００コ／ｍｍ2の
液晶表示素子には何の異常も見られなかったのに対し、
前記密度６０コ／ｍｍ2の液晶表示素子には図１４に示
す様な気泡の発生が見られた。The spacer Example 11 Example 1 - 60 dispersion density of co / mm 2, 0.99 U / mm 2, 300 U /
the three levels of mm 2, where after leaving 200 days a liquid crystal display device of the three levels created, with hard balls having a diameter of about 1cm, such as shown in FIG. 12 2 kg * 3 seconds Press pressure was subjected respectively, dispersion density of the spacers No abnormality was found in the liquid crystal display elements of 150 cells / mm 2 and 300 cells / mm 2 ,
In the liquid crystal display element having the density of 60 cells / mm 2 , bubbles were generated as shown in FIG.
【００２７】比較例１として、実施例１のハ−ドコ−ト
層のない液晶表示素子に実施例１と同様の押し圧試験を
行なったところ、スペーサー散布密度６０コ／ｍｍ2と
１５０コ／ｍｍ2と３００コ／ｍｍ2の液晶表示素子に図
１４に示す様な気泡の発生が見られた。As Comparative Example 1, a liquid crystal display device having no hard coat layer of Example 1 was subjected to the same pressing force test as in Example 1. As a result, the spacer scatter density was 60 / mm 2 and 150 / cm 2. Bubbles as shown in FIG. 14 were observed in the liquid crystal display devices of mm 2 and 300 cm / mm 2 .
【００２８】〔実施例１２〕実施例１で作成した液晶表
示素子を常温、常圧で２００日間放置した後、真空乾燥
機内に減圧状態（５０Ｔｏｒｒ）で２４時間放置し、図
１２に示すように直径約１ｃｍの硬球で２ｋｇ＊３秒の
押し圧をかけたところ減圧状態で放置した液晶表示素子
には何の異常も見られなかったのに対し、２００日間放
置したままの液晶表示素子には図１４に示すような気泡
の発生が見られた。Example 12 After the liquid crystal display device prepared in Example 1 was left at room temperature and normal pressure for 200 days, it was left in a vacuum dryer for 24 hours under reduced pressure (50 Torr), as shown in FIG. When a pressing force of 2 kg * 3 seconds was applied with a hard ball having a diameter of about 1 cm, no abnormality was observed in the liquid crystal display element left in a reduced pressure state, whereas in a liquid crystal display element left in a 200 day state, The generation of bubbles as shown in FIG. 14 was observed.
【００２９】〔実施例１３〕実施例１で製造した液晶表
示素子を電子機器に搭載し２００日間以上使用し、何ら
かの衝撃が加わり液晶表示素子に気泡が発生してしまっ
たものを加圧槽で５０時間加圧（３ｋｇ／ｃｍ2）して
気泡を消滅させた後、真空乾燥機内に減圧状態（５０Ｔ
ｏｒｒ）で２４時間放置し、図１２に示すように直径約
１ｃｍの硬球で２ｋｇ＊３秒の押し圧をかけたところ気
泡の発生は見られなかった。Example 13 The liquid crystal display device manufactured in Example 1 was mounted on an electronic device and used for 200 days or more, and the liquid crystal display device in which bubbles were generated due to some impact was subjected to a pressure tank. After pressurizing (3 kg / cm 2 ) for 50 hours to eliminate bubbles, the inside of the vacuum dryer was decompressed (50 T).
orr) for 24 hours, and when a pressure of 2 kg * 3 seconds was applied to a hard sphere having a diameter of about 1 cm as shown in FIG. 12, no bubbles were generated.
【００３０】〔実施例１４〕実施例１で作成した液晶表
示素子を直ちに真空乾燥機内の減圧下（５０Ｔｏｒｒ）
に置き、その状態で２００日間保管した液晶表示素子と
常圧下で２００日間保管した液晶表示素子を図１２に示
すように直径約１ｃｍの硬球で２ｋｇ＊３秒の押し圧を
かけたところ、減圧下で保管した液晶表示素子には何の
異常も見られなかったのに対し、常圧下で保管した液晶
表示素子には図１４に示す様な気泡の発生が見られた。[Embodiment 14] The liquid crystal display device prepared in Embodiment 1 was immediately subjected to reduced pressure (50 Torr) in a vacuum dryer.
The liquid crystal display element stored for 200 days in that state and the liquid crystal display element stored for 200 days under normal pressure were pressed with a hard ball having a diameter of about 1 cm for 2 kg * 3 seconds as shown in FIG. No abnormality was observed in the liquid crystal display device stored under the normal pressure, whereas bubbles were generated in the liquid crystal display device stored under normal pressure as shown in FIG.
【００３１】〔実施例１５〕実施例１で製造した液晶表
示素子を図７に示すようにガスバリア−性のあるフィル
ムで真空パックした場合も実施例１と同様の効果が得ら
れた。Example 15 The same effect as in Example 1 was obtained when the liquid crystal display device manufactured in Example 1 was vacuum-packed with a film having gas barrier properties as shown in FIG.
【００３２】〔実施例１６〕実施例１で製造した液晶表
示素子を図８に示すようにトレイに並べガスバリア−性
のあるフィルムで真空パックした場合も実施例１と同様
の効果が得られた。Example 16 The same effect as in Example 1 was obtained when the liquid crystal display devices manufactured in Example 1 were arranged in a tray as shown in FIG. 8 and vacuum-packed with a film having gas barrier properties. .
【００３３】〔実施例１７〕実施例１で製造した液晶表
示素子を図９に示すような構造で電子機器例えば卓上計
算機に搭載させた。２０は保護板、２１は外形枠、２２
は化粧板。外形枠２１で保護板２０を挟持させ電子機器
を完成させた。ここで保護板９の厚さ１及び液晶表示素
子１９と保護板２０の間隔ｄを表１に示すような値とし
て押し圧試験を行った。図１２に示すような先端形状が
直径約１０ｍｍの硬球の試験治具１６で、２ｋｇ＊３秒
の押し圧を保護板２０の鉛直方向から各構造にかけた。
図１４に示すような液晶表示素子内に気泡１５の発生が
見られた構造には以下の表１にて「気泡発生」と示し
た。この表１より明かなように、本実施例による可とう
性のある基板から成る液晶表示素子８を搭載した電子機
器の構造は、保護板９の厚さが０．５ｍｍ以上または液
晶表示素子１９と保護板２０が０．５ｍｍ以上の間隔を
有していることが、気泡発生の起こらない最適な構造条
件であるという結果が得られた。なお、本発明の液晶表
示素子は、上記の卓上計算機のみならず、ポケット・ベ
ルや電子手帳、計測器、電話機、ファクシミリ装置、Ｉ
Ｃカード、パーソナルコンピュータ等の表示装置として
使用できる。[Embodiment 17] The liquid crystal display device manufactured in Embodiment 1 was mounted on an electronic device, for example, a desktop computer in a structure as shown in FIG. 20 is a protective plate, 21 is an outer frame, 22
Is a decorative board. The electronic device was completed by holding the protective plate 20 between the outer frames 21. Here, a pressing test was performed with the thickness 1 of the protection plate 9 and the distance d between the liquid crystal display element 19 and the protection plate 20 as values shown in Table 1. As shown in FIG. 12, a pressing force of 2 kg * 3 seconds was applied to each structure from the vertical direction of the protective plate 20 using a test jig 16 of a hard sphere having a tip shape of about 10 mm in diameter as shown in FIG.
The structure in which bubbles 15 were generated in the liquid crystal display element as shown in FIG. 14 is shown as “bubble generation” in Table 1 below. As is clear from Table 1, the structure of the electronic device equipped with the liquid crystal display element 8 made of the flexible substrate according to the present embodiment has a thickness of the protective plate 9 of 0.5 mm or more or the liquid crystal display element 19. The result that the protective structure 20 and the protective plate 20 have an interval of 0.5 mm or more is an optimal structural condition in which no bubbles are generated. In addition, the liquid crystal display element of the present invention can be used not only for the above-mentioned desk calculator, but also for pagers, electronic organizers, measuring instruments, telephones, facsimile machines,
It can be used as a display device for a C card, a personal computer or the like.
【００３４】[0034]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３５】[0035]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明の構成とし
たことにより、気泡の原因である水蒸気あるいはガスの
液晶内への侵入を防止するとともに、外力による気泡の
発生の防止も可能である。As described above, by adopting the structure of the present invention, it is possible to prevent water vapor or gas, which is the cause of air bubbles, from entering the liquid crystal and also to prevent generation of air bubbles due to external force. .
【００３６】また、気体飽和状態にある液晶表示素子を
減圧下で放置することにより液晶表示素子の再生が可能
であり、また、何らかの原因で気泡が発生した液晶表示
素子についても加圧して気泡を消滅させた後、減圧下で
放置することにより再生が可能である。The liquid crystal display element in a gas-saturated state can be regenerated by leaving the liquid crystal display element under reduced pressure. In addition, the liquid crystal display element in which bubbles are generated for some reason is pressurized to reduce the bubbles. After being extinguished, it can be regenerated by leaving it under reduced pressure.
【００３７】また、液晶表示素子の保管を減圧下で行う
ことにより、液晶内への水蒸気あるいはガスの透過を最
小限にすることが可能である。Further, by storing the liquid crystal display element under reduced pressure, it is possible to minimize the permeation of water vapor or gas into the liquid crystal.
【００３８】さらに、可とう性を有する液晶表示素子を
搭載した電子機器において、液晶表示素子上に保護板を
設置する構造とし、外力から液晶表示素子を保護するこ
とにより、気泡による表示不良の防止が可能である。Further, in an electronic device equipped with a flexible liquid crystal display element, a structure in which a protective plate is provided on the liquid crystal display element to protect the liquid crystal display element from external force, thereby preventing display defects due to bubbles. Is possible.
【００３９】したがって、水蒸気やガス等の侵入を防止
し、かつ、外力に対しても長寿命で信頼性の高い液晶表
示素子の提供が可能である。Therefore, it is possible to provide a highly reliable liquid crystal display element which prevents the invasion of water vapor, gas and the like, and has a long life and a high reliability against external force.
【図１】 本発明の実施例１の液晶表示素子の断面を示
す図。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a cross section of a liquid crystal display element according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】 本発明の実施例２の液晶表示素子の断面を示
す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross section of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】 本発明の実施例３の液晶表示素子の断面を示
す図。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross section of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】 本発明の実施例４の液晶表示素子の断面を示
す図。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cross section of a liquid crystal display element according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】 本発明の実施例５の液晶表示素子の断面を示
す図。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cross section of a liquid crystal display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】 本発明の実施例１の押し圧試験による放置時
間と気泡核消滅時間の関係を示す図。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between a standing time and a bubble nucleation time in a pressing test of Example 1 of the present invention.
【図７】 本発明の実施例１５の真空パックを示す図。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a vacuum pack according to Embodiment 15 of the present invention.
【図８】 本発明の実施例１６の真空パックを示す図。FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a vacuum pack according to a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention.
【図９】 本発明の実施例１７の液晶表示素子を搭載し
た電子機器の構造を示す図。FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a structure of an electronic device equipped with a liquid crystal display element of Example 17 of the present invention.
【図１０】 本発明の実施例１のガスバリアフィルムの
構成を示す図。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of a gas barrier film of Example 1 of the present invention.
【図１１】 本発明の実施例６のガスバリアフィルムの
構成を示す図。FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of a gas barrier film of Example 6 of the present invention.
【図１２】 本発明の実施例１の押し圧試験具を示す
図。FIG. 12 is a view showing a pressing force test device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図１３】 本発明の実施例１の気泡核を示す図。FIG. 13 is a view showing a bubble nucleus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図１４】 本発明の実施例１の気泡を示す図。FIG. 14 is a view showing air bubbles according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図１５】 従来の液晶表示素子の断面を示す図。FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a cross section of a conventional liquid crystal display element.
１ ． ガスバリアフィルム ２ ． 透明電極 ３ ． 配向膜 ４ ． スペ−サ− ５ ． シール材 ６ ． 液晶 ７ ． 偏光板 ８ ． 反射板 ９ ． ポリカ−ボネ−ト １０ ． ＥＶＡ １１ ． フェノキシ樹脂 １２ ． 偏光素膜 １３ ． エポキシ接着剤 １４ ． 気泡核 １５ ． 気泡 １６ ． 押し圧試験具 １７ ． フィルム溶着部 １８ ． トレイ １９ ． 液晶表示素子 ２０ ． 保護板 ２１ ． 外形枠 ２２ ． 化粧板 ２３ ． 減圧用パック 1. Gas barrier film 2. Transparent electrode 3. Alignment film 4. Spacer 5. Seal material 6. Liquid crystal 7. Polarizing plate 8. Reflector 9. Polycarbonate 10. EVA 11. Phenoxy resin 12. Polarizing element film 13. Epoxy adhesive 14. Bubble nuclei 15. Air bubbles 16. Pressing test device 17. Film welding portion 18. Tray 19. Liquid crystal display element 20. Protective plate 21. Outline frame 22. Decorative board 23. Decompression pack
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成１３年１月９日（２００１．１．９）[Submission date] January 9, 2001 (2001.1.9)
【手続補正１】[Procedure amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】発明の名称[Correction target item name] Name of invention
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【発明の名称】液晶表示素子及び電子機器Patent application title: Liquid crystal display device and electronic equipment
【手続補正２】[Procedure amendment 2]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】特許請求の範囲[Correction target item name] Claims
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【特許請求の範囲】[Claims]
【手続補正３】[Procedure amendment 3]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】０００１[Correction target item name] 0001
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は可とう性のある基板
を用いた液晶表示素子及び液晶表示素子を搭載した電子
機器に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device using a flexible substrate and an electronic device equipped with the liquid crystal display device.
【手続補正４】[Procedure amendment 4]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】０００６[Correction target item name] 0006
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の液晶表示素子
は、シール材を介して対向配置されてなる一対の可とう
性基板間に液晶が封入された液晶表示素子において、前
記可とう性基板は、支持基板上にガスバリア層を有して
なり、前記可とう性基板の断面には、樹脂が塗布されて
なることを特徴とする。或いは、シール材を介して対向
配置されてなる一対の可とう性基板間に液晶が封入され
た液晶表示素子において、前記可とう性基板は、支持基
板上にガスバリア層を有してなり、前記可とう性基板
は、その断面が溶着処理されてなることを特徴とする。A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is a liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal is sealed between a pair of flexible substrates which are opposed to each other with a sealing member interposed therebetween. Is characterized in that a gas barrier layer is provided on a supporting substrate, and a resin is applied to a cross section of the flexible substrate. Alternatively, in a liquid crystal display element in which liquid crystal is sealed between a pair of flexible substrates disposed to face each other with a sealing material interposed therebetween, the flexible substrate has a gas barrier layer on a support substrate, and The flexible substrate is characterized in that its cross section is subjected to a welding process.
【手続補正５】[Procedure amendment 5]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】０００７[Correction target item name] 0007
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【０００７】また、前記液晶表示素子の液晶の酸素飽和
溶解度が１０μl/ｍｌ以上、窒素飽和溶解度が１０μl/
ｍｌ以上、水蒸気飽和溶解度１００ｐｐｍ以上である液
晶を用いたことを特徴とする。また、前記液晶表示素子
製造直後に於ける液晶中の酸素、窒素、水蒸気それぞ
れ、かつ、合わせた気体飽和度が０．９以下であると好
ましい。The liquid crystal of the liquid crystal display device has an oxygen saturation solubility of 10 μl / ml or more and a nitrogen saturation solubility of 10 μl / ml.
liquid crystal having a water vapor saturation solubility of 100 ppm or more. Further, it is preferable that each of oxygen, nitrogen, and water vapor in the liquid crystal immediately after the production of the liquid crystal display element and the combined gas saturation are 0.9 or less.
【手続補正６】[Procedure amendment 6]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】０００８[Correction target item name] 0008
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction contents]
【０００８】また、前記液晶表示素子のスペーサーの数
量が１５０コ〜３００コ／ｍｍ2の密度であり、前記可
とう性基板の内面と前記配向膜間に鉛筆硬度Ｈ以上のハ
−ドコ−ト層を形成したことを特徴とする。Further, the number of spacers of the liquid crystal display element is a density of 150-300 / mm 2 , and a hard coat having a pencil hardness of H or more between the inner surface of the flexible substrate and the alignment film. A layer is formed.
【手続補正７】[Procedure amendment 7]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】０００９[Correction target item name] 0009
【補正方法】削除[Correction method] Deleted
【手続補正８】[Procedure amendment 8]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００１０[Correction target item name] 0010
【補正方法】削除[Correction method] Deleted
【手続補正９】[Procedure amendment 9]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】００１１[Correction target item name] 0011
【補正方法】削除[Correction method] Deleted
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (31)優先権主張番号 特願平4−170335 (32)優先日 平成４年６月29日(1992．6．29) (33)優先権主張国 日本（ＪＰ） (31)優先権主張番号 特願平3−192972 (32)優先日 平成３年８月１日(1991．8．1) (33)優先権主張国 日本（ＪＰ） (31)優先権主張番号 特願平4−170337 (32)優先日 平成４年６月29日(1992．6．29) (33)優先権主張国 日本（ＪＰ） (72)発明者 塚原 昭 長野県諏訪市大和３丁目３番５号 セイコ ーエプソン株式会社内 (72)発明者 細萱 裕之 長野県諏訪市大和３丁目３番５号 セイコ ーエプソン株式会社内 (72)発明者 今関 佳克 長野県諏訪市大和３丁目３番５号 セイコ ーエプソン株式会社内 (72)発明者 藤澤 信治 長野県諏訪市大和３丁目３番５号 セイコ ーエプソン株式会社内 (72)発明者 古川 洋子 長野県諏訪市大和３丁目３番５号 セイコ ーエプソン株式会社内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (31) Priority claim number Japanese Patent Application No. 4-170335 (32) Priority date June 29, 1992 (1992.6.29) (33) Priority claim country Japan (JP) (31) Priority claim number Japanese Patent Application No. 3-192972 (32) Priority date August 1, 1991 (1991.8.1) (33) Priority claim country Japan (JP) (31) Priority claim number Japanese Patent Application No. 4-170337 (32) Priority date June 29, 1992 (1992.6.29) (33) Countries claiming priority Japan (JP) (72) Inventor Akira Tsukahara 3-chome, Yamato, Suwa City, Nagano Prefecture No. 3-5 Inside Seiko Epson Corporation (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Hosoya 3-3-5 Yamato, Suwa City, Nagano Prefecture Inside Seiko Epson Corporation (72) Yoshikatsu Imazeki 3-3-5 Yamato Suwa City, Nagano Prefecture No. Seiko Epson Corporation (72) Inventor Shinji Fujisawa Suwa, Nagano 3-5-5 Yamato-shi, Seiko Epson Corporation (72) Inventor Yoko Furukawa 3-3-5 Yamato, Suwa-shi, Nagano Prefecture Seiko Epson Corporation
Claims (10)
した一対の可とう性のある基板がスペーサーを介して一
定の間隔でシール材により対向接着され、該間隔に液晶
を封入して成る液晶表示素子において、前記液晶表示素
子の基板断面にガスバリア処理を行うことを特徴とする
液晶表示素子。1. A pair of flexible substrates on which an alignment film for aligning liquid crystal molecules is formed are adhered to each other by a sealing material at a fixed interval via a spacer, and the liquid crystal is sealed in the interval. In a liquid crystal display device, a gas barrier treatment is performed on a cross section of a substrate of the liquid crystal display device.
以上、窒素飽和溶解度が１０μl/ｍｌ以上、水蒸気飽和
溶解度が１００ｐｐｍ以上である液晶を用いたことを特
徴とする請求項１記載の液晶表示素子。2. The liquid crystal has an oxygen saturation solubility of 10 μl / ml.
2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a liquid crystal having a nitrogen saturation solubility of at least 10 μl / ml and a water vapor saturation solubility of at least 100 ppm is used.
中の酸素、窒素、水蒸気それぞれ、かつ、合わせた気体
飽和度が０．９以下であることを特徴とする請求項１記
載の液晶表示素子。3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein oxygen, nitrogen and water vapor in the liquid crystal immediately after the manufacture of the liquid crystal display device and the combined gas saturation are 0.9 or less. .
ーの設置密度が１５０コ〜３００コ／ｍｍ2であり、前
記フィルム基板の内面上と前記配向膜間に鉛筆硬度Ｈ以
上のハ−ドコ−ト層を形成してなることを特徴とする請
求項１記載の液晶表示素子。4. A hard coat having a pencil hardness of not less than H on the inner surface of the film substrate and between the alignment films, wherein the spacers are installed at a density of 150 to 300 / mm 2 . 2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a layer is formed.
とを特徴とする液晶表示素子の再生方法。5. A method for reproducing a liquid crystal display element, wherein said liquid crystal display element is left under reduced pressure.
せた後、減圧状態で放置することを特徴とする液晶表示
素子の再生方法。6. A method for reproducing a liquid crystal display element, wherein the liquid crystal display element is left under a reduced pressure state after the bubbles are eliminated by pressurizing the liquid crystal display element.
ことを特徴とする液晶表示素子の保管方法。7. A method for storing a liquid crystal display element, wherein the storage of the liquid crystal display element is performed under reduced pressure.
記載の液晶表示素子を搭載したことを特徴とする液晶表
示素子を搭載した電子機器。8. The method of claim 1, 2, 3, or 4
An electronic device equipped with a liquid crystal display device, comprising the liquid crystal display device described in claim 1.
の保護板の設置を行ったことを特徴とする液晶表示素子
を搭載した電子機器。9. An electronic apparatus equipped with a liquid crystal display device, wherein a protective plate having a thickness of 0.5 mm or more is provided on the liquid crystal display device.
５ｍｍ以上の間隔によって配置されていることを特徴と
する液晶表示素子を搭載した電子機器。10. The liquid crystal display element and the protective plate are each mounted at a distance of 0.1 mm.
An electronic device equipped with a liquid crystal display element, wherein the electronic device is arranged at an interval of 5 mm or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000375966A JP3562467B2 (en) | 1991-08-01 | 2000-12-11 | Liquid crystal display device and electronic equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (13)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19297391 | 1991-08-01 | ||
| JP19297291 | 1991-08-01 | ||
| JP17033892 | 1992-06-29 | ||
| JP17033592 | 1992-06-29 | ||
| JP4-170338 | 1992-06-29 | ||
| JP17033692 | 1992-06-29 | ||
| JP17033792 | 1992-06-29 | ||
| JP3-192973 | 1992-06-29 | ||
| JP3-192972 | 1992-06-29 | ||
| JP4-170337 | 1992-06-29 | ||
| JP4-170336 | 1992-06-29 | ||
| JP4-170335 | 1992-06-29 | ||
| JP2000375966A JP3562467B2 (en) | 1991-08-01 | 2000-12-11 | Liquid crystal display device and electronic equipment |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17414092A Division JP3158667B2 (en) | 1991-08-01 | 1992-07-01 | Method of manufacturing liquid crystal display element and method of reproducing liquid crystal display element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001221998A true JP2001221998A (en) | 2001-08-17 |
| JP3562467B2 JP3562467B2 (en) | 2004-09-08 |
Family
ID=27566293
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000375966A Expired - Fee Related JP3562467B2 (en) | 1991-08-01 | 2000-12-11 | Liquid crystal display device and electronic equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3562467B2 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007007458A1 (en) * | 2005-07-07 | 2007-01-18 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Composite substrate and method for manufacture thereof |
| EP1750170A1 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-07 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Liquid crystal device, electro-optical device, projector, and micro-device |
| JP2009103857A (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-05-14 | Citizen Holdings Co Ltd | Liquid crystal device |
| JP2010175785A (en) * | 2009-01-29 | 2010-08-12 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Wavelength variable filter |
| JP2014130610A (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2014-07-10 | Ritdisplay Corp | Transparent touch panel |
| KR20140095621A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-08-04 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Display panel and display device including the same |
| US8848155B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2014-09-30 | Citizen Holdings Co., Ltd. | Liquid crystal panel with gas barrier layer structure and liquid crystal panel production method |
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| JP2009103857A (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-05-14 | Citizen Holdings Co Ltd | Liquid crystal device |
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| KR102105994B1 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2020-05-29 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same |
| WO2022225051A1 (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-27 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Transparent substrate for liquid crystal device and light control sheet |
| WO2022225058A1 (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-10-27 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Transparent substrate for liquid crystal device, and light adjusting sheet |
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