JP2000324944A - Solidified culturing soil for growing seedling - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a solidified culturing soil for growing seedlings, solidifying a root pot part and suppressing the collapse of the root pot part on transplanting it by a machine. SOLUTION: This solidified culturing soil is obtained by adding a soil- solidifying agent obtained by mixing uniformly 30-100 pts.wt. cement based on 100 pts.wt. granulating agent obtained by blending uniformly a gypsum, a silica fume, a natural mineral consisting of an alumina/silicate salt, an alkali metal salt and an anionic surfactant with a fly ash as a main component, to a soil for growing seedlings and kneading under a saturated water content, or agitating the above-mentioned soil-solidifying agent to the seedling-growing soil for mixing and adjusting at 30-35% water content, and making 5-10 wt.% adding amount of the soil-solidifying agent.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solidified soil for raising seedlings, which is obtained by adding a soil solidifying agent to a soil for raising seedlings to give a solidifying effect.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in transplanting operations for vegetables and flowers, a technique of producing cell-molded seedlings using a nursery container made of molded plastics and the like and mechanically transplanting them has become widespread. In addition, a paper tube (product name paper pot) for raising seedlings
The technology of raising seedlings and transplanting them in a chain pot in which is connected has also been implemented.

[0003] Cell-formed seedlings are made by making root mortars into blocks so that mechanical transplantation is possible, and the root mortars must not be disintegrated by picking of the transplanter or clamping of the transplanting rod. In this regard, since the paper tube seedling covers the root with paper, it can be transplanted regardless of the formation of the root pot.

Conventionally, as a method for preventing the collapse of the root mortar, a technique of mixing acrylic acid or an acrylamide-based compound into the seedling cultivation soil to prevent the root mortar from disintegrating at the time of transplantation has been known (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 5 (1993) -105). -292833, JP-A-7
-99833). Also, JP-A-10-165
No. 920 discloses a soil solidifying agent used in the present invention.

[0005]

Heretofore, the cell forming seedling method could not be applied to crops in which root pots were not made. In addition, with the spread of chain pots, which are paper cylinders, in order to freely adjust the plant spacing, planting is not only performed while cutting the paper cylinders in a shredded manner, but also a technique for planting while removing the paper from the paper cylinders has come into practice. in this case,
Root pots must be blocked even in paper cylinders, and solidified soil for raising seedlings is required.

[0006] Furthermore, even for crops that are easy to make root pots, the formation of root pots is poor at low or high temperatures, making mechanical transplantation difficult. Therefore, there is a strong demand for solidified cultivation soil for raising seedlings capable of solidifying root mortars. In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a solidified soil for raising seedlings capable of solidifying a root pot.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems As a means for solidifying the cultivation soil for raising seedlings, the inventors have found that a soil hardening agent (trade name: Palcoat Green, Sapporo City, manufactured by CS Chemicals Co., Ltd.) has an effect on slope protection. As a result of various studies, the soil solidifying agent was kneaded or mixed with the soil for raising seedlings to obtain a solidified soil for raising seedlings.

The soil hardening agent is obtained by uniformly mixing gypsum, silica fume, a natural mineral mainly composed of alumina and silicate, an alkali metal carbonate and an anionic surfactant with fly ash as a main component, Is 45 to 55% by weight in terms of SiO ₂ , the Al component is 20 to 30% by weight in terms of Al ₂ O ₃ , and the Ca component is 5 to 1 in terms of CaO.
5% by weight, and 100 parts by weight of the aggregating agent containing 5 to 15% by weight of Mg component in terms of MgO, cement 3
It is obtained by uniformly mixing 0 to 100 parts by weight.

[0009] Similarly, the soil hardening agent was mixed with the soil for raising seedlings by stirring to obtain solidified soil for raising seedlings. And
The amount added at the time of kneading or stirring and mixing the soil solidifying agent into the seedling raising soil was adjusted to 5 to 10% by weight.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The cultivation soil for raising seedlings to which the palcoat green is added can be a main component as long as it is a general soil. One example of the cultivation soil for raising seedlings is a mixture of loam 1 and weight ratio of peat moss (for example, Nitten Peat, manufactured by Nippon Sugar Beet Sugar Co., Ltd.) 0.5 to a water content of about 35%. Vermiculite on the seedling cultivation soil,
You may contain a charcoal, a fertilizer component, a PH adjuster, etc.

[0011] The present invention relates to the above-mentioned seedling cultivation soil having a weight ratio of 5 to 1;
A soil hardening agent (palcoat green) of 0% is kneaded to obtain solidified cultivation soil for raising seedlings. In kneading, the soil solidifying agent is added to the seedling raising soil and kneaded in a paste under high moisture. Further, the soil solidifying agent may be mixed with the medium for seedling raising with stirring to adjust the water content to about 30 to 35% to obtain a solidified medium for seedling raising.

[0012] The solidifying action of the soil solidifying agent on the soil is such that the fly ash that has absorbed water undergoes a hydration reaction with the hydrated minerals, promptly generates ettrine guide, and surrounds the fly ash and the soil particles while surrounding the fly ash. Is rapidly solidified, and furthermore, the hydrate generated by the above-mentioned hydration reaction and the minerals of the soil particles and the like undergo a pozzolanic reaction to solidify the soil more firmly.

[0013]

EXAMPLES The above-mentioned palcoat green is a grey-green fine powder which is easy to handle. An example of a sample analysis value by the Hokkaido Environmental Science and Technology Center (Sapporo) is 46.1% of silicon dioxide and 14% of calcium oxide. 0.0%, aluminum oxide 19.1%, ferric oxide 1.4%, magnesium oxide 7.3%, titanium dioxide 1.0%, potassium oxide 0.45%, sodium oxide 0.43%, trioxide It has 2.9% sulfur, 2.904 true specific gravity, 4.0% loss on ignition, and 2.0% moisture.

The effect of palcoat green on germination was investigated for komatsuna. That is, based on the prescribed test method, two filter papers were spread on a Petri dish having a diameter of 90 mm, water was absorbed as a control in 15 ml, and soils containing 1% and 3% of Palcoat Green and soils 3 to 3% were not used as test plots.
5g is put in a Petri dish, filter paper is spread on it and water is 15m.
1 was added. Each petri dish was sown with 50 komatsu rapeseed seeds. The room temperature was maintained at 18-20 ° C, and the Petri dish was covered with a polyethylene bag to prevent evaporation of water.

[0015]

[Table 1]

[0016] The test treatment section is (1) control section ... 15m water
l Water absorption on filter paper, (2) Palcoat green 0%
(3) Palcoat Green 1% section, (4) Palcoat Green 3% section, and (2), (3) and (4) all absorbed 15 ml of water. The germination progress is on the first day (16
After 2 hours, germination started to move, and on the second day (after 41 hours), germination started uniformly. Day 3 (6
5 hours later), the test plot (1) had a lighter green leaf, the test plot (3) had a deeper green leaf, and the test plot (4) had more hair roots.
Table 1 shows the germination rate of Komatsuna, and Table 2 shows the results of measuring the plant height on the fifth day (after 113 hours).

[0017]

[Table 2]

The germination of Komatsuna was slightly better in the Palcoat Green 1% and 3% mixed sections, and hair root development was also observed a lot. As shown in the measurement results of the germination rate shown in Table 1, the germination rate was nearly 100% in each of the plots, and no adverse effect on the germination of Palcoat Green was observed. As a result of the measurement of the plant height shown in Table 2, the mixture of 1% and 3% of Palcoat Green was high, and the initial growth was also good. That is, as shown in Tables 1 and 2, even if the pulp green is mixed with the cultivation for raising seedlings in an amount of 1 to 3%, no bad influence is observed on the initial growth of the komatsuna, and the growth seems to be slightly superior. there were.

Next, seedlings were raised. That is, plastics 8 rows x 16 rows, 128 holes, one seedling raising cell is 30 mm square on the upper surface, 15 mm square on the lower surface, and 7 m in the center of the lower surface
seedling tray with 45 mm depth and a chain pot (paper pot C manufactured by Nippon Sugar Beet Sugar Co., Ltd.)
P305) and the Chinese cabbage was raised, and the solidification effect of the solidified culture medium for raising seedling of the present invention was verified. The paper pot CP3
05 has a total number of 264 books, each of which has a diameter of 3c
m, a hexagonal cross section with a height of 5 cm.

The seedling cultivation soil was mixed with 8 kg of loam and 4 kg of peat moss so that the moisture content was 3
0% to 35%, to which palcoat green 1.2
kg (10% by weight) was added and mixed to obtain solidified cultivation soil for raising seedlings. The test section is a kneading section, a mixing section and a non-treatment section. In the preliminary test, the seedling cultivation soil to which 5% by weight of Palcoat Green was added was also in a practically solidified state.

Generally, kneading is an operation in which a small amount of liquid is added to a granular material, each particle is wrapped with liquid, and a homogeneous plastic substance or paste-like substance is produced (Chemical Engineering Handbook, p. 45).
0.1 See February 1999, published by Maruzen Co., Ltd.). In the kneading section of the present invention, the solidified cultivation soil for seedling raising is filled in a chain pot developed in a honeycomb shape in a seedling raising tray or a seedling raising box, and is flooded with saturated water. This is a mixture obtained by kneading the seedling-solidified soil in each cell and chain pot. That is,
Liquefaction occurred in the solidified soil for raising seedlings in the cell and the chain pot, and a kneaded state was obtained. Saturated water was added to the solidified soil for raising seedlings, kneaded into a paste, and kneaded.

FIG. 1 shows a state immediately after the above-mentioned seedling raising tray 12 is filled with the solidified cultivation soil 13 for raising seedlings and irrigated with saturated water. FIG. 2 shows a state where the lower surface of the seedling raising tray 12 shown in FIG. 1 is beaten and kneaded with a hammer, and the solidified soil for raising seedlings in the cells of the seedling raising tray 12 sinks due to the kneading.

In the kneading plot, 10% by weight of Palcoat Green is mixed with the cultivation for seedling raising under saturated moisture to obtain a solidified cultivation for seedling raising. In the mixed plot, 10% by weight palcoat green is added to the cultivation for seedling raising and stirred. The mixture is mixed to give a solidified culture for raising seedlings having a water content of 30 to 35%, and is filled in the seedling raising tray and the chain pot, respectively. The untreated section was obtained by filling the seedling raising tray and the chain pot with seedling cultivation soil having a water content of 30 to 35% to which no palcoat green was added.

[0024]

[Table 3]

Each of the test plots was sown with Chinese cabbage-coated seeds, covered with soil, and grown under appropriate irrigation in a nursery provided in a plastic greenhouse for 28 days. During raising seedlings,
On the eleventh day from the sowing, the growth of the untreated plot was inferior.
On the 16th day after sowing, the growth in the kneaded section was the most excellent. Table 3 shows the results of a survey on the average fresh leaf weight and the average floor soil weight of the 28-day seedling. As shown in Table 3, there was almost no difference between kneading and mixing, and both of them had better results than no treatment.

[0026]

[Table 4]

Table 4 shows the results of a survey on 35-day seedlings in which the Chinese cabbage seedlings raised as described above were planted in a house. As shown in Table 4, the average plant height and the average foliage weight in the kneading and mixing were remarkably superior to those in the non-treatment. This is presumed to be due to the fact that healthy seedlings were obtained by adding Palcoat Green and the effect of trace elements contained in Palcoat Green.

Next, in order to evaluate the solidification effect of the solidified soil for raising seedlings of the present invention, the hardness of the roots of the seedlings of the 28-day seedling in a chain pot was measured. The cell seedlings could not be measured because the sides were tapered. FIGS. 3 and 4 are external views of the measured seedlings, and FIG. 4 shows the seedling with the paper cylinder 14 of FIG. 3 removed. 3A is a root, B is a foliage, FIG. 4C is a root,
D is a foliage.

The root hardness was measured by using a self-made wooden measuring instrument shown in FIG. 5 when the seedlings were laid down and the center of the roots A and C was compressed on a flat plate. In FIG. 5, 1 is width 10c.
m, a base plate having a length of 40 cm. One end of a lever 4 is pivotally connected to a left and right bracket 2 at a rear half portion of a central portion by a hinge pin 3. The lever 4 is provided along the longitudinal center line of the substrate 1 and has a width of 14 mm and a length of 32 cm forward from the hinge pin 13.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a gate-shaped frame which is vertically fixed to the front end surface of the substrate 1 across the front end of the lever 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes a window formed in the center of the lower part of the gate-shaped frame 5. The front end of the lever 4 can move up and down about the hinge pin 3 as a center axis. An elevating rod 8 is slidably inserted into a cylinder 7 fixed to the center of the back of the portal frame 5 in the vertical direction, and the pyramid-shaped lower end surface of the elevating rod 8 is located 30 cm forward of the hinge pin 3 and the lever 4 It is in contact with the upper surface of the front end. A loading table 9 is horizontally fixed to the upper end of the lifting rod 8. Reference numeral 10 denotes a finger, which has a middle portion fixed to a U-shaped bracket 11 having left and right ends fixed to an upper end portion of the gate-shaped frame 5, and a lower end portion provided vertically along one side of the window portion 6. P is a seedling.

To measure the hardness of the root, the front end of the lever 4 was lifted, and the seedling P was placed 15 cm forward of the hinge pin 3 on the substrate 1.
And the lever 4 is lowered and brought into contact with the upper surface of the central part of the seedling P. Then, the weight of the seedlings P being compressed by placing the weight on the loading platform 9 and the loading platform 9 moving downward was read with the physical finger 10 to determine the amount of settlement. In this case, the lower end of the lifting rod 8 is in contact with the lever 4 at 30 cm from the hinge pin 3, and the center of the seedling P is located at 15 cm from the hinge pin 3. Acts on seedlings P.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the hardness of the root. In the figure, the paper attached is a paper cylinder attached, and the paper remover is a paper cylinder removed. As shown in FIG. 6, the amount of settlement was slightly smaller than that of the seedling in which the solidified medium for seedling was kneaded. In the case of untreated seedling cultivation without addition of palcoat green, the amount of settlement was larger than that of kneading and mixing, and no solidification action was observed.

Next, a drop test was carried out on the solidification of the roots of the cell seedlings. That is, five test specimens of the cell seedlings were naturally dropped on a concrete surface from a height of 1 m with the root portion facing downward. As a result, all of the seedlings of the solidified culture medium for seedling raising that kneaded the pal coat green did not collapse, and one of the mixed seedlings of solidified culture medium for raising seedling had slight collapse at the bottom, but 4 It did not collapse at all. Seedling cultivation seedlings without addition of Palcoat Green collapsed so as not to lose their shape. From the results of the drop test, it was confirmed that the seedlings of the solidified soil for raising seedlings, to which 10% of Palcoat Green was added and kneaded or mixed, did not collapse due to picking by mechanical transplantation or pinching of the implanted rods.

[0034]

As described above, the soil solidifying agent to be added to the solidified medium for raising seedlings of the present invention can solidify the medium for growing seedlings by kneading or mixing without impairing germination. Therefore, even in crops that do not produce root pots, the roots of cell-formed seedlings and chain pot seedlings can be solidified, so that the collapse of the root pots during machine transplantation is extremely low,
The range of crops to which machine transplantation can be applied in vegetable crops can be expanded, and the efficiency of transplantation can be greatly improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view of a seedling raising tray filled with solidified soil for raising seedlings of the present invention and irrigated with saturated water.

FIG. 2 is an external view of the seedling raising tray of FIG. 1 when it is hit with a hammer.

FIG. 3 is an external view of one chain pot seedling with a paper tube.

FIG. 4 is an external view of one chain pot seedling with a paper tube removed.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view at the time of measuring the hardness of a seedling root.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of measuring the hardness of a seedling root.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Board 2 Bracket 3 Hinge pin 4 Lever 5 Portal frame 6 Window 7 Cylinder 8 Lifting rod 9 Loading table 10 Finger 11 U-shaped bracket 12 Nursery tray 13 Solidified cultivation for seedling raising 14 Paper tube A, C Root B, D Foliage P seedling

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A gypsum as a main component fly ash, silica fume, natural mineral mainly composed of alumina silicate comprises uniformly mixing an alkali metal carbonate and an anionic surfactant, Si component in terms of SiO ₂ 45 to 55% by weight, Al component is 20 to 30% by weight in terms of Al ₂ O ₃ , Ca component is 5 to 15% by weight in terms of CaO, and Mg component is 5 to 15% by weight in terms of MgO. A solidified soil for raising seedlings, wherein a soil solidifying agent obtained by uniformly mixing 30 to 100 parts by weight of cement with respect to 100 parts by weight of the contained granulating agent is kneaded with the soil for raising seedlings. 2. The solidified soil for raising seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the soil solidifying agent is mixed with the soil for raising seedlings with stirring. 3. The solidified soil for raising seedling according to claim 1, wherein the soil solidifying agent is added to the soil for raising seedling in a weight ratio of 5 to 10%.