KR20160075265A - Nursery bed-soil composition - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seed-raising bed soil composition which is capable of protecting onion roots during planting using an automatic transplanter. In order to accomplish the purpose, a seed-raising bed soil composition according to the present invention comprises 41 to 71 percentages by volume of peat moss, 11 to 41 percentages by volume of vermiculite, and 12 to 38 percentages by volume of loess. Accordingly, a seed-raising bed soil composition according to the present invention not only has a merit that the composition is formed by making a relatively simple composition, but also has a higher seedling emergency ratio than those of conventional bed soils. Further, a seed-raising bed soil composition according to the present invention has an effect of exhibiting a high productivity in planting through an automatic transplanter by displaying a high cohesiveness, thereby increasing characteristics of protecting roots of seedlings during mechanical planting.

Description

[0001] Nursery bed-soil composition [0002]

Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a soil composition for seedling cultivation, and more particularly to a soil composition for onion cultivation apparatus.

In general, rice, onion, etc. are seeded in separate seedling pots, cultivated in a certain size, and cultivated by transplanting seedlings in fields or rice fields.

In the case of planting seedlings by sowing seedlings, some techniques have been proposed to improve the performance of the seedlings by improving the imitation port and to cultivate the seedlings.

For example, in Japanese Patent No. 347590, a port ring capable of inserting and fixing a seedling pot used for hair growth of a certain kind is formed into a fixed frame that is supported by a reinforcing bar in the inside of the outer frame, It is possible to fix the seedling pot efficiently without using a separate shelf for the hair growth of the seedlings, and it is possible to carry a large amount of seedlings simultaneously and easily And a structure of a seedling port fixture capable of smoothly supplying moisture and air to hair growing seedlings in the seedling pot to prevent seed damage.

In addition, in Registration No. 247074, thirty one-piece seedling pots are loaded with a large amount of water by the upper portion of the conical body and the extension portion formed around the perimeter, and three drainage holes are formed at the lower portion of the body, It is possible to minimize the damage of the seedlings by making it easy to separate the seedlings from the seedling pots after seedling hair growth by inhibiting the outward growth of seedlings and prevent root rot caused by smooth drainage. A single seedling port capable of simultaneously filling thirty seedling pots at a time is disclosed.

On the other hand, the transplanting plant in which the seedling has been completed is finally cultivated in fields and paddy fields. In the past, most of the above seeding works were performed manually by hand except for rice, which was very inefficient.

Especially onion, onyx seedlings are planted in the form of grafting with onion seedlings by using horseshoe etc. As a result, the work efficiency is decreased and the working time is lengthened. There is a problem that the work is also consumed and the work of some kind of work is avoided.

In order to overcome the disadvantages of the manual work by the above-mentioned manual work, many techniques for mechanically shaping the seedlings of the onion have been proposed, and a representative example is the registered patent No. 343102. [ The above-mentioned patent improves a graft blade part constituting an onion implanted device. In the graft blade part constituting the onion implanted device, a blade-shaped reinforcing part protruding from the side part and the lower side is formed in the front graft blade part in the graft direction, A grafted structure of an onion implanted device is disclosed in which the grafted edge is joined in a form without reinforcement.

In addition, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2010-0009791 discloses a seedling supplying part constituted of onion seedling, a seedling transferring part for separately holding the seedling supplying part and transferring the seedling to the seeding seeding part, and a seedling transferring part for transferring the seedling transferred from the seedling transferring part to the ground. A seedling supplying unit, a seedling transferring unit, and a driving unit configured to support a seedling sowing unit and configured to be driven by a motor, thereby forming an automatic seeder of an onion seedling, And an automatic seeder of an onion seedling.

Meanwhile, in the case of the automatic seeder (automatic seeder), the plants to be grafted from the seedling pot are separated and planted in a field, and the method of separating the grafted plants by applying a constant impact to the seedling pot is applied. There was a case where the soil was scattered due to the impact of the soil of the part, resulting in a phenomenon that the formal workability was poor.

Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of the mechanical shaping, there is a need for a novel soil protective composition capable of protecting roots from external impacts caused by mechanical friction and dropping of the crucible.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a ground-based soil composition capable of protecting onion roots at the time of planting by using an automatic cultivator.

In order to attain the above object, the present invention comprises 41 to 71 vol% of peatmoss, 11 to 41 vol% of vermiculite, and 12 to 38 vol% of loess.

Preferably, the loess is characterized in that the clay mineral content is 30 to 70% by volume based on 100% by volume of the total loess.

Preferably, the topsoil composition is for onion hair growth.

The soil-based soil composition according to the present invention is advantageous in that it comprises peat moss, vermiculite and loess and is composed of a relatively simple composition. The seedling appearance ratio is higher than that of the conventional soil and exhibits high cohesiveness, It has a high protection characteristic and has an effect of exhibiting high productivity in the automatic opening and closing of the automatic machine.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail.

The ground-based soil composition according to the present invention comprises peat moss, vermiculite and loess.

At this time, it is composed of 41 to 71% by volume of peatmoss, 11 to 41% by volume of vermiculite, and 12 to 38% by volume of loess.

Each component will be described in detail below.

However, each composition necessarily contains moisture, but it can be improved except for the moisture component, and may also be improved on the basis of the same moisture content. Typically, each of the actual components has a range of approximately 20% to 30% by weight based on the total weight.

1) Peat moss

 Peat moss includes both dry and wet, meaning that the moss is trapped in a layer of water for a long time and is partially carbonized, with the air not being able to decay completely.

The peat moss is excellent in water holding capacity and air permeability, has a strong cobalt force because of its large COOH ^- group on the cell surface and has a high cation exchange capacity, and decomposition is slow in the soil, It is possible to provide suitable physical properties and chemical properties.

In addition, there is no filamentous fungus, bacterium, insect pest, and weed seed, and it is light and easy to handle, and also has good self-bonding ability because it is in the form of fiber and has good formability.

On the other hand, peat moss has a strong acidity of about pH 4 ~ 5 and has a low affinity with soil after the formulation, which causes disadvantages such as poor growth of crops due to strong acidity and difficulty in activating after planting.

Therefore, it is preferable that the content of the peat moss in the present invention is 41 to 71% by volume.

If the content of peatmoss is more than 71 vol%, the bulk density of the material itself is low, so that the weight of the ground can not be increased, and the growth of crops is poor due to strong acidity.

In the case of less than 41% by volume, the cohesiveness of the soil is lowered, and when germination occurs after sowing, the roots become inferior and the roots protrude to the ground, and the roots of the seedlings can not be protected.

2) vermiculite

Vermiculite is a mineral that contains both gold and silver, and mineral (such as gold mica and biotite) is heated to a temperature of about 800 to 1,000 and expanded (about 6 to 30 times).

The vermiculite has good water retentivity and air permeability, and can provide physical and chemical properties suitable for onion seedling growth.

In the present invention, it is preferable to contain vermiculite in an amount of 11 to 41% by volume. When the content of vermiculite is more than 41% by volume, when the germination after sowing is poor, the root coagulation property is deteriorated, And can not protect the roots at the time of seedling transfer and dropping, and when it is less than 11% by volume, seedling growth is poor.

Therefore, when the vermiculite is contained in an amount of 11 to 41% by volume, it is possible to appropriately maintain the soil weight and to have a cohesive property suitable for mechanical shaping.

3) Yellow soil

Hwangto is a fine-grained soils formed by weathering of rocks which can be easily found all over Korea and contains only the loess powder that has been processed.

The content of clay minerals in the loess is about 30 ~ 70%, which is because the minerals such as feldspar and mica contained in the native rocks are weathered and changed into clay minerals such as kaolin and ilite.

Clay minerals within the above range have the advantage of improving cohesion.

Due to the characteristics of the loess, the loess can be used as a material for improving the flocculation property of the loess and the volume density is as high as about 0.81 g / ml, so that the loess weight can be improved.

It is rich in minerals such as calcium, which helps to improve onion growth. However, since loess is acidic at a pH of 5.5 to 6.0, there is a possibility that the onion, which is in a weak acid resistance, may be poorly grown when it is used excessively in the soil.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the content of loess is in the range of 12 to 38% by volume. When the content of loess exceeds 38% by volume, the loess is poor and the germination rate is lowered. It may suffer difficulties, and roughening may become poor, resulting in decreased machine adaptability.

When the content of the loess is less than 12% by volume, the cohesiveness and the weight of the loess are lowered and the mechanical adaptability is decreased. When the loess is contained in an amount of 12 to 38% by volume, the germination rate and the soil physical properties suitable for seedling growth are improved, and the soil coagulation property and weight are good and the mechanical adaptability is increased.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples.

Example

First, the soil for seedlings according to the examples was prepared by mixing peatmoss 62 vol%, vermiculite 22 vol%, and loess 16 vol%. Here, the clay mineral content was 60% by volume.

In the case of peat moss, the residue is removed by using a sieve having a 2 mm standard hole, and the fine powder is used to fill the measuring vessel. The resultant is compressed and weighed. The vermiculite and the yellow soil are separately sorted, .

Then, the composition was placed in a mixing container, and water was sprayed on the mixture to uniformly mix the ingredients with a stirring tank to prepare a topcoat.

Comparative Example

As a comparative example, three types of commercially available onion seedlings for horticulture (Heungin No. 1 (Hungan Seed), Baroque (Seoul Bio), Power Mix (Agricultural)) were used. Most of the comparative examples have similar compositions, and specifically include peat moss, coco peat, vermiculite, pearlite, and zeolite, and other substances such as water-soluble fertilizers, surfactants, and acidity regulators are added.

Test Example

In the test examples, seedlings were tested using the soil prepared by the above examples and comparative examples. The seedlings were tested for (1) seedling appearance rate, (2) seedling quality (leaf number and plant height), (3) soil flocculation property and (4) Respectively.

At this time, the seedling occurrence rate was calculated by dividing the number of seedlings appearing on the soil after 10 days of sowing by the total number of tray cells.

After 45 days of sowing, the seedlings were collected for 5 weeks per tray, and the number of leaves of the green leaves with a length of 0.5 cm or more was measured. The length of the leaves was measured from the root to the tip of the longest leaf .

The soil cohesiveness was calculated as the ratio of the volume of the soil surrounding the root area after dropping at the height of 1 m above the ground for 5 weeks per tray to the volume before dropping.

Finally, the volume of the soil was measured by the combination of the soil and the soil.

As a result, the seedling emergence rate was 88.1%, the number of leaves and the length of shoots were 3.8, and the length of shoots was 31.1 cm, respectively. In the comparative example, the seedling emergence rate was 59.4%, leaf number 3.6 and 24.5 cm, It was confirmed that it provided better conditions for seedling growth.

 The soil cohesiveness was 35.6% in the example and 9.6% in the comparative example. The examples showed high soil cohesiveness and showed high possibility to protect the roots at the seedling transfer and packaged food inside the machine.

On the other hand, in the case of the bulk density representing the above-mentioned ground weight, the density of the embodiment was 0.356 g / cm ^3, and the density of the comparative example was 0.210 g / cm ³ . And the good eating posture was found to be good.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, And all of the various forms of embodiments that can be practiced without departing from the technical spirit.

Claims (3)

41 to 71% by volume of peat moss, 11 to 41% by volume of vermiculite, and 12 to 38% by volume of loess.
[2] The ground soil composition according to claim 1, wherein the loess is 30 to 70% by volume of the clay mineral component with respect to 100% by volume of the total loess.
The ground-based soil composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the soil composition is for onion hair growth.