JP2591908B2 - Method of growing molded seedlings for mechanically planting onion - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention is suitable for mechanical planting of onions.
Method of growing suitable seedlings and molding of onions for mechanical planting
About the nursery for the soil, which can be suitably used for the development of seedlings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the cultivation of agricultural products, labor saving is a problem in view of a decrease in labor and aging of workers. The same is true for onion cultivation, and there is a problem that the labor for planting onions is extremely laborious. Planting onions must be done quite densely at intervals of a few dozen centimeters, so hand-planting a large area can be extremely demanding. Another problem of onion cultivation is that there is a problem in cultivation such that growth is delayed due to planting damage at the time of planting.

[0003] Therefore, a molded seedling (plug seedling) is grown by a molded seedling raising method , and the formed seedling is inserted and planted to improve the affinity between the field soil at the time of planting and the seedling cultivation soil. Ways to reduce
Have been. Further, to reduce the planting time by utilizing mechanical planting, attempts to reduce the labor of planting work being done by molding seedlings. Incidentally, in the Seedlings seedling method for raising seedlings by using the tray for Seedlings nursery, the nursery how
Stuffed soil in the pot tray, the seedling rearing one share each pot during planting is to be transplanted is pulled out from the tray one by one share. Therefore, only disconnect pull easily molded seedlings from trays <br/> over when porting, root ball must avoid or disintegrate when pulled out.

[0004] Since in such rice is formed roots pot firmly and uniformly root spread throughout soil in the tray pot according to extension seedlings, without or root ball collapse when pulling out the seedlings from the tray Can be easily planted by machine. However, onion its nature, uniformly without that roots put in soil only roots extending straight, the machine
There is a problem that the root mortar easily collapses when pulling out from the tray for planting, and the soil easily falls off.

[0005]

If the root pot collapses when the seedlings are pulled out from the tray and transplanted by mechanical planting as described above, the affinity with the field soil after transplantation is impaired, and the growth is impaired. Occurs and cannot be put to practical use. Therefore, in order to enable mechanical planting of onions, it is important to enhance the solidification and adhesiveness between the onion root and the soil.

[0006] The caking properties of the soil and roots as a high Mel method, for example, there is a way to increase the caking mix synthetic glue soil. In this method, however, there is no problem when the soil is moist. However, when the soil dries, a problem arises in that a glue film is formed on the surface of the soil and water does not penetrate. Further, as a method for solving this problem , there is a method in which the root mortar is once immersed in a coagulant to solidify the soil, but this method has a problem that it is extremely troublesome. The present invention, as described above, cultivated onion
Efficiency by mechanizing planting work, which is a problem in culture
In order to be able to work in a suitable manner, it is possible to suitably carry out molding and raising seedlings of onions, and to obtain suitable solidification between the roots and the soil.
Of onions that can be applied effectively to mechanical planting
Method of growing molded seedlings for mechanical planting and mechanical planting of onions
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cultivation medium for raising seedlings .

[0007]

The present invention has the following arrangement to achieve the above object. That is, used for mechanical planting
Fill the pots of the seedling tray to
Of Molding Seedlings for Machine Planting of Onions for Raising Rice and Seedlings
In the method, as a cultivation soil , a heat-treated and sterilized soil is treated with a peat moss and a moisturizing agent for preventing collapse of root mortar.
Add the mormorillonite material and the glue alginate
Mix, add aqueous solution of fertilizer nutrients , granulate, and heat again.
The material was sterilized and weeds were prevented and moisture was adjusted.
It is characterized by the use of soil for raising seedlings. Also, imitation
Soil that has been heat-treated and sterilized, and organic substances such as peat moss, and a montmorillonite-based material binding agent and agglomeration to prevent the collapse of the root mortar and solidify the soil in the cultivation of molded seedlings for raising seedlings. It is characterized in that alginic acid is mixed as an agent, stirred, granulated, and fertilizer nutrients are added.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A tray for raising seedlings for mechanical planting of onions
When growing onion seedlings with
The seedling cultivation in the leh pots plays a very important role in the growth of onion seedlings. That is, this
Nursery for soil initial growth before planting the germinated retention of O cormorants moisture and fertilizer nutrients is made good, the composition of breathability is maintained in good balance is required. For this reason, in the cultivation soil for raising onions and seedlings of the present invention , peat moss is added as an organic substance to the soil, but the root mortar can be suitably formed. The peat moss is preferably used in combination with black peat suitable for retaining moisture and white peat immature and rich in fiber. White peat has the effect of ensuring the amount of voids (air ratio) in the soil, and has the effect of retaining moisture secondarily.

A montmorillonite-based material such as bentonite is suitable as a solidifying agent for cultivating soil for preventing the root mortar from collapsing. The montmorillonite-based material is very fine, has swelling properties, and has tackiness. Therefore, when water is added to the soil, for example, by mixing bentonite, the soil swells and becomes sticky, which acts to solidify the soil. Also, when the polymeric agent alginic acid substance is added and mixed together with bentonite, it acts as an auxiliary agent for the binding agent of bentonite, and can further strengthen the solidification, adhesion and adhesiveness of the soil. The addition of a polymeric alginic acid substance in addition to a montmorillonite-based material such as bentonite as a cultivation medium for onion seedlings is very effective in improving the solidification and agglutinability of the soil. It prevents the collapse of the root mortar, prevents the collapse of the root mortar during mechanical planting, and enables reliable transplantation.

[0010] It is necessary that the soil for raising seedlings contains fertilizer nutrients and trace elements required for growing crops.
Add this as appropriate. Fertilizer nutrients include nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium components, and trace elements include boron, molybdenum, iron, manganese, magnesium, and the like.

[0011] In preparing the seedling cultivation soil, the soil is first heat-treated and completely sterilized. 7 minutes to 10 at about 120 ° C
It may be heated for about a minute. Next, peat moss as an organic substance, a montmorillonite-based material such as bentonite as a consolidating agent, and a polymeric alginic acid substance as a gluing agent are added to the sterilized soil and sufficiently stirred.

Next, N, P ₂ O ₅ , K ₂
130 to 150 mg of N per 1 liter of soil
1000 to 1500 mg of P ₂ O ₅ and 130 to 150 mg of K ₂ O are added,
Furthermore, after adding about 100 mg of the total trace element material, the mixture is granulated for about 5 to 7 minutes by a granulator so that the fertilizer becomes uniform. The particle size in this case is 4 mm or less and 2 mm
The degree is preferred. Next, sterilize the mixed ingredients,
Further, heat treatment is again performed to obtain appropriate moisture. Since an aqueous solution of fertilizer is added as a fertilizer nutrient, it is meaningful to adjust the water content to an appropriate level by this heat treatment. 70 ℃ for heat treatment
It may be about 6 minutes at 80 ° C. For onion cultivation, the water content is preferably about 20 to 25%.

When seedlings are grown in the onion cultivation using a tray for raising seedlings, the growth of the seedlings and seedlings is not dispersed, and uniform seedlings can be obtained. As a result, rooting does not occur at the time of mechanical planting, planting damage can be eliminated, and reliable planting can be performed.
In addition, the survival of the plant soil after planting is improved, thereby promoting the growth and shortening the finishing period (harvesting period). As a result, work labor can be reduced, and management can be rationalized. In addition, even inexperienced people can work.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described.
Grow onion seedlings using seedling trays for planting
Then, a comparison of the growth of seedlings between the method of the present invention and the case of the conventional method and the collapse test of root mortar will be described. (Example 1) As the cultivation soil for onion seedlings, only 1 soil was used in the first heat treatment.
After heat treatment at 20 ° C. for 8 minutes, 50% of soil, 15% of organic matter, 30% of bentonite and 5% of alginic acid substance are mixed and stirred by volume ratio, and ammonium nitrate, phosphate solution, potassium chloride are used as fertilizer nutrients. A solution obtained by dissolving each fertilizer of the total trace element agent to a specified concentration was sprayed, granulated by a granulator, and then treated at 70 ° C. for about 6 minutes as a second heat treatment to obtain a cultivated soil. (Example 2) As another example of cultivation soil for raising onions and seedlings, cultivation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 above, using a soil cultivation composition of 55% soil, 20% organic matter, 20% bentonite, and 5% polymer alginate substance. I got

The cultivated soil of each of the above embodiments was used for molding seedling raising seedling trays.
After filling in a pot and sowing one grain in one pot ,
The seedling raising box was fertilized, plowed, and laid down on a leveled field to raise the seedlings until planting. In addition, the conventional cultivation soil consisting only of soil and organic matter was used as a standard plot. After the seedlings were raised, the seedlings grown in the above-described molded seedling raising tray were pulled out of the seedling raising tray and dropped from heights of 30 cm and 50 cm to observe the collapse of the root mortar.
In the test, 30 strains were extracted from each of Examples 1 and 2 and the standard plot.

Root pots are formed by growing onion seedlings in seedling trays. The above test was carried out on the standard plots. When the onion seedlings were dropped from a height of 50 cm, the root cultivation of root pots was almost complete. The onion roots were separated as they were separated, and more than half of the onion roots collapsed when dropped from a height of 30 cm. On the other hand, in the cultivation soils of Examples 1 and 2, even when the soil was dropped from a height of 50 cm, the root mortar was firmly consolidated and stuck, and the cultivation soil did not disintegrate and collapse. The results of this disintegration test show that the cultivated soil shown in the above Examples 1 and 2 has sufficient consolidation and sticking properties, and can be used effectively for mechanical planting of onion seedlings.

The soil of Example 1 (Bentonite 30
%) And the soil cultivation of Example 2 (20% bentonite), the soil cultivation of Example 1 was poor in water repellency and poor in water permeability due to irrigation at the time of sowing, whereas the soil cultivation of Example 2 was poor. Such a tendency is low, and since there is not so much difficulty in mixing the materials when producing the soil, the onion soil for mechanical planting is the soil of Example 2, bentonite 20%, Alginic acid substance 5%
Mixtures are preferred.

Further, in order to examine the properties of the cultivated soil depending on the amount of alginic acid mixed therein, bentonite was used in the same manner as in Example 2.
In the soil containing 0%, the amount of mixed alginic acid is 3%, 5%, and 7%.
%, The state of the seedlings when they were grown to the state before planting in the tray for raising seedlings and the pushing load of the root mortar during mechanical planting were tested. The test results are shown below.

[0019]

[Table 1]

The above test results show that there is no significant difference between the 3% and 5% alginic acid-mixed plots on the plant height and leaf number.
In the% -mixed plot, the values of plant height and leaf number were slightly lower. In addition, stem diameter, ball diameter, and above-ground weight are 5% mixed section> 3%
The numerical value was lower in the order of the mixed section> 7% mixed section.

The pushing load is obtained by measuring the force required for pulling out a seedling from a tray for raising seedlings. A large extrusion load requires a large force when pulling out from the seedling raising tray, which means that it is difficult to pull out.A small extrusion load means that it is easy to pull out,
This indicates that the root mortar is less likely to collapse when pulled out. The above test results show that the extrusion load of the 5% mixed section was the smallest. The above-described growth of onion seedlings and the measurement results of the pushing load show that those in the 5% -mixed section are suitable as cultivated soil. Actually, each of the above cultivated soils was used for mechanical planting.
It was confirmed that the ones with the% mixing were the most suitable.

[0022]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The molding of the onion according to the present invention for mechanical planting
Method of growing seedlings and cultivation of molded seedlings for mechanical planting of onions
According to the soil, as mentioned above, the seedling tray was used.
Root pots should be properly spread when growing onion seedlings.
For raising seedlings because root cans are firmly formed.
Problems such as root mortar collapsing during mechanical planting from trays
To raise molded seedlings that can be suitably planted
Can be In addition, the growth after planting is also good
It has good effects such as being able to grow onion with good quality .

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] The present invention relates to a seedling raising tray used for mechanical planting.
The seeds are filled with cultivated soil and seedlings are grown for each pot.
In the method of growing molded seedlings for mechanical planting of the fork,
To, peat moss and the root ball in the soil was sterilized by heat treatment
Montmorillonite-based material as a binder for preventing the collapse of wood
If, added and mixed alginate glues, fertilizer nutrients water
After adding the solution and granulating , use heat treatment again to sterilize the material, prevent weeds, and adjust the moisture for seedling cultivation.
Method of growing molded seedlings for mechanical planting of onions characterized by the following:
Law. 2. A heat-sterilized soil, an organic substance such as peat moss, and alginic acid mixed with a montmorillonite-based material for preventing the root mortar from collapsing and consolidating the soil, and alginic acid as a glue. A mechanical planting of onions characterized by stirring, granulating and adding fertilizer nutrients
For forming seedlings for raising seedlings .