IT964647B - Membrane a carica fissa di inter polimeri reticolati - Google Patents
Membrane a carica fissa di inter polimeri reticolatiInfo
- Publication number
- IT964647B IT964647B IT69243/72A IT6924372A IT964647B IT 964647 B IT964647 B IT 964647B IT 69243/72 A IT69243/72 A IT 69243/72A IT 6924372 A IT6924372 A IT 6924372A IT 964647 B IT964647 B IT 964647B
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- cross
- linking agent
- weight
- polyelectrolyte
- formaldehyde
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title abstract 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 abstract 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- IULJSGIJJZZUMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O IULJSGIJJZZUMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- AXGOOCLYBPQWNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethylfuran-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCC1=CC(=O)OC1=O AXGOOCLYBPQWNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29D7/01—Films or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/12—Specific ratios of components used
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/30—Cross-linking
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
- Y10S264/13—Cell size and distribution control while molding a foam
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
- Y10S264/18—Cross-linking a thermoplastic linear foam during molding
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00166606A US3808305A (en) | 1971-07-27 | 1971-07-27 | Crosslinked,interpolymer fixed-charge membranes |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
IT964647B true IT964647B (it) | 1974-01-31 |
Family
ID=22603993
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
IT69243/72A IT964647B (it) | 1971-07-27 | 1972-07-12 | Membrane a carica fissa di inter polimeri reticolati |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3808305A (it) |
CA (1) | CA980075A (it) |
DE (1) | DE2236663C2 (it) |
FR (1) | FR2147269B1 (it) |
GB (1) | GB1397721A (it) |
IT (1) | IT964647B (it) |
Families Citing this family (69)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3945927A (en) * | 1972-06-05 | 1976-03-23 | Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Ion-exchange group bearing composite membranes |
US4061846A (en) * | 1974-03-13 | 1977-12-06 | The Dow Chemical Company | Flexible water swellable crosslinked polyacrylate film |
US4057521A (en) * | 1974-08-05 | 1977-11-08 | The Dow Chemical Company | Absorbent articles made from carboxylic synthetic polyelectrolytes having copolymerized N-substituted acrylamide crosslinker |
US4020142A (en) * | 1975-08-21 | 1977-04-26 | Celanese Corporation | Chemical modification of polybenzimidazole semipermeable |
US4163714A (en) * | 1975-11-07 | 1979-08-07 | Gregor Harry P | Separating substances with pressure-driven affinity sorption membranes |
US4033817A (en) * | 1975-11-07 | 1977-07-05 | Gregor Harry P | Pressure-driven enzyme-coupled membranes |
US4033822A (en) * | 1975-11-07 | 1977-07-05 | Gregor Harry P | Enzyme-coupled ultrafiltration membranes |
FR2331602A1 (fr) * | 1975-11-14 | 1977-06-10 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | Compositions a base de polymeres du type polysulfone pour membranes d'osmose inverse |
US4226673A (en) * | 1976-03-15 | 1980-10-07 | Champion International Corporation | Color removal from paper and pulp mill aqueous effluents |
NZ184767A (en) * | 1976-08-05 | 1980-03-05 | Tecneco Spa | Assymetric membranes from fluorinated polymeric materials |
US4116889A (en) * | 1976-08-19 | 1978-09-26 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Bipolar membranes and method of making same |
US4125462A (en) * | 1977-08-30 | 1978-11-14 | Rohm And Haas Company | Coated membranes |
DE2964867D1 (en) * | 1978-12-06 | 1983-03-24 | Abcor Inc | Hydrophilic polymeric membranes, process for their preparation, their use as ultrafiltration membranes, and precursor membranes adapted to be converted thereto |
US4673504A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1987-06-16 | Cuno Inc. | Charge modified microporous membrane |
US4473474A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1984-09-25 | Amf Inc. | Charge modified microporous membrane, process for charge modifying said membrane and process for filtration of fluid |
US4711793A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1987-12-08 | Cuno Incorporated | Process for charge modifying a microphorous membrane |
US4708803A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1987-11-24 | Cuno Incorporated | Liquid filtration using hydrophilic cationic isotropic microporous nylon membrane |
US4377481A (en) * | 1980-11-14 | 1983-03-22 | Abcor, Inc. | Blended, polymeric, matrix membrane and process of making and using same |
US4737291A (en) * | 1981-05-29 | 1988-04-12 | Cuno Incorporated | Charge modified microporous membrane |
US4743418A (en) * | 1981-05-29 | 1988-05-10 | Cuno Incorporated | Process for charge modifying a microporous membrane |
US4702840A (en) * | 1982-02-05 | 1987-10-27 | Pall Corporation | Charge modified polyamide membrane |
US4707266A (en) * | 1982-02-05 | 1987-11-17 | Pall Corporation | Polyamide membrane with controlled surface properties |
US4888115A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1989-12-19 | Cuno, Incorporated | Cross-flow filtration |
JPS61500833A (ja) * | 1983-12-29 | 1986-05-01 | キュノ、インコ−ポレ−テッド | 電荷変性された微孔性中空管 |
US4604208A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1986-08-05 | Chaokang Chu | Liquid filtration using an anionic microporous membrane |
US4705753A (en) * | 1984-06-08 | 1987-11-10 | Gregor Harry P | Biologically active acrylonitrile-based copolymeric membrane |
GB2174619B (en) * | 1985-05-07 | 1989-05-04 | Us Energy | Pervaporation separation of ethanol-water mixtures using polyacrylic acid composite membranes |
US4705636A (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-11-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method of making a coating and a permselective membrane, ionic polymer therefor, and products thereof |
US4980067A (en) * | 1985-07-23 | 1990-12-25 | Cuno, Inc. | Polyionene-transformed microporous membrane |
FR2600265B1 (fr) * | 1986-06-20 | 1991-09-06 | Rhone Poulenc Rech | Membranes semi-permeables sechables et hydrophiles a base de polyfluorure de vinylidene |
JPS6354903A (ja) * | 1986-08-26 | 1988-03-09 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | パ−ベ−パレ−シヨン用分離膜 |
US4964989A (en) * | 1986-12-23 | 1990-10-23 | Pall Corporation | Membranes with low protein adsorbability |
FR2614214B1 (fr) * | 1987-04-23 | 1993-02-12 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Membrane semi-permeable organominerale et son procede de fabrication. |
US4874568A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1989-10-17 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process of making a porous membrane |
US4873037A (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1989-10-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for preparing an asymmetric semi-permeable membrane |
US5489370A (en) * | 1989-05-08 | 1996-02-06 | Ionex | Removal of ions from a bulk source by electropotential ion transport using a host receptor matrix |
US5405509A (en) * | 1989-05-08 | 1995-04-11 | Ionex | Remediation of a bulk source by electropotential ion transport using a host receptor matrix |
GB9011378D0 (en) * | 1990-05-22 | 1990-07-11 | Bio Isolates Ltd | Cellulosic sponge adsorbent medium |
US5711884A (en) * | 1990-08-22 | 1998-01-27 | University Of Pittsburgh Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education | Method of filtering submicron particles with gel lattice membrane filter |
US5690996A (en) * | 1992-11-02 | 1997-11-25 | Sepragen | Cross-linked cellulose sponge |
US5482632A (en) * | 1994-04-28 | 1996-01-09 | Ionex Corporation | Extracting a target ion from an aqueous solution by ion exchange and electropotential ion transport |
AUPM959994A0 (en) * | 1994-11-22 | 1994-12-15 | Ici Australia Operations Proprietary Limited | Water treatment process |
ATE325649T1 (de) | 1996-07-08 | 2006-06-15 | Pall Corp | Positiv geladene polymermembranen |
EP1038570B1 (en) * | 1996-07-08 | 2006-05-10 | Pall Corporation | Positively charged polymer membranes |
US6060410A (en) * | 1998-04-22 | 2000-05-09 | Gillberg-Laforce; Gunilla Elsa | Coating of a hydrophobic polymer substrate with a nonstoichiometric polyelectrolyte complex |
AU3431800A (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2001-10-03 | Campina Melkunie B.V. | Method for preparing a roller dried protein preparation |
AUPR987802A0 (en) | 2002-01-08 | 2002-01-31 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Complexing resins and method for preparation thereof |
DE10209419A1 (de) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-25 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Polymerelektrolytmembran und deren Anwendung in Brennstoffzellen |
DE10213540A1 (de) * | 2002-03-06 | 2004-02-19 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Lösung aus Vinylphosphonsäure, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Polymerelektrolytmembran aus Polyvinylphosphaonsäure und deren Anwendung in Brennstoffzellen |
US20050118478A1 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2005-06-02 | Joachim Kiefer | Mixture comprising sulphonic acid containing vinyl, polymer electrolyte membrane comprising polyvinylsulphonic acid and the use thereof in fuel cells |
ATE373690T1 (de) * | 2002-03-06 | 2007-10-15 | Pemeas Gmbh | Protonenleitende elektrolytmembran mit geringer methanoldurchlässigkeit und deren anwendung in brennstoffzellen |
KR20040107473A (ko) * | 2002-03-06 | 2004-12-20 | 페메아스 게엠베하 | 비닐 함유 술폰산을 함유하는 혼합물, 폴리비닐술폰산을함유하는 중합체 전해질 막 및 연료 전지에서의 이들의용도 |
KR20040104621A (ko) * | 2002-04-25 | 2004-12-10 | 페메아스 게엠베하 | 다층 전해질막 |
DE10220817A1 (de) * | 2002-05-10 | 2003-11-27 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer gepfropften Polymerelektrolytmembran und deren Anwendung in Brennstoffzellen |
DE10220818A1 (de) * | 2002-05-10 | 2003-11-20 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer gepfropften Polymerelektrolytmembran und deren Anwendung in Brennstoffzellen |
DE10230477A1 (de) * | 2002-07-06 | 2004-01-15 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Funktionalisierte Polyazole, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie ihre Verwendung |
CA2494530A1 (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2004-02-19 | Pemeas Gmbh | Proton-conducting polymer membrane comprising a polymer with sulphonic acid groups and use thereof in fuel cells |
DE10239701A1 (de) * | 2002-08-29 | 2004-03-11 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Polymerfolie auf Basis von Polyazolen und deren Verwendung |
DE10246373A1 (de) * | 2002-10-04 | 2004-04-15 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Protonenleitende Polymermembran umfassend Sulfonsäuregruppen enthaltende Polyazole und deren Anwendung in Brennstoffzellen |
DE10246459A1 (de) * | 2002-10-04 | 2004-04-15 | Celanese Ventures Gmbh | Protonenleitende Polymermembran umfassend Phosphonsäuregruppen enthaltende Polyazole und deren Anwendung in Brennstoffzellen |
DE10313173A1 (de) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-10-07 | Bayer Chemicals Ag | Optischer Datenträger mit polymerem Netzwerk in der Informationsschicht |
AU2003901583A0 (en) | 2003-04-04 | 2003-05-01 | Orica Australia Pty Ltd | A process |
WO2005011039A2 (de) | 2003-07-27 | 2005-02-03 | Pemeas Gmbh | Protonenleitende membran und deren verwendung |
US7291272B2 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2007-11-06 | Orica Australia Pty Ltd. | Inorganic contaminant removal from water |
EP1776190B1 (en) | 2004-07-28 | 2017-08-23 | IXOM Operations Pty Ltd | Plug-flow regeneration process |
JP4868108B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-18 | 2012-02-01 | 栗田工業株式会社 | 透過膜の阻止率向上剤、阻止率向上方法、透過膜及び水処理方法 |
US8936770B2 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2015-01-20 | Molycorp Minerals, Llc | Hydrometallurgical process and method for recovering metals |
US20150190760A1 (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-09 | Pall Corporation | Membrane with plurality of charges |
US11357318B2 (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2022-06-14 | Process4, Inc. | Folding work surface |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3686100A (en) * | 1969-01-30 | 1972-08-22 | Consiglio Nazionale Ricerche | Anion-exchange resins and process for preparation thereof |
-
1971
- 1971-07-27 US US00166606A patent/US3808305A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1972
- 1972-07-11 CA CA146,823A patent/CA980075A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-07-12 IT IT69243/72A patent/IT964647B/it active
- 1972-07-26 GB GB3499272A patent/GB1397721A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-07-26 DE DE2236663A patent/DE2236663C2/de not_active Expired
- 1972-07-27 FR FR7227130A patent/FR2147269B1/fr not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2236663A1 (de) | 1973-02-08 |
FR2147269A1 (it) | 1973-03-09 |
DE2236663C2 (de) | 1983-05-26 |
CA980075A (en) | 1975-12-23 |
US3808305A (en) | 1974-04-30 |
FR2147269B1 (it) | 1976-01-16 |
GB1397721A (en) | 1975-06-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
IT964647B (it) | Membrane a carica fissa di inter polimeri reticolati | |
US2730768A (en) | Method of manufacturing electrically conductive membranes and the like | |
IT971193B (it) | Membrane scambiatrici di anioni e metodo per la loro produzione | |
US3232916A (en) | Cross-linked membranes of polyvinyl alcohol | |
JPS534786A (en) | Production of cation exchange membrane | |
JPS5329290A (en) | Production of cation exchange membrane | |
KR850005858A (ko) | 메틸하이드록시프로게스테론 아세테이트를 수팽윤 가능한 수불용성 폴리머에 첨가하는 방법 | |
JPS5329291A (en) | Cation exchange membrane and production of the same | |
BR8503502A (pt) | Membranas trocadoras de ions pre-expandidas | |
SE348208B (it) | ||
KR840001185A (ko) | 양이온 교환수지의 제조방법 | |
US2820756A (en) | Ion-exchange memberanes | |
GB856327A (en) | Membrane materials and process for producing the same | |
FR1080535A (fr) | Appareils électrochimiques | |
JPS5742765A (en) | Water absorbing resin and preparation of the same | |
SE7511035L (sv) | Vetbar ovevd matta av olefinpolymerfibrer samt framstellning derav | |
SU141621A1 (ru) | Способ получени гомогенной полимерной мембраны | |
SU151818A1 (ru) | Способ получени сополимеров | |
JPS5527309A (en) | Production of extremely fine ion-exchanging fiber | |
SU445205A1 (ru) | Способ получени катионитовых мембран | |
JPS56158301A (en) | Production of polarizing film | |
JPS52151684A (en) | Production of cation exchange membrane | |
Taga et al. | POLYMERIZATION OF ACROLEIN | |
JPS5260888A (en) | Suspension polymerization process | |
Philipp et al. | In-situ cross linking of polyvinyl alcohol(application to battery separator films)[Patent] |