HRP20020785A2 - Novel piperazine derivatives - Google Patents
Novel piperazine derivatives Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- HRP20020785A2 HRP20020785A2 HRP20020785A HRP20020785A2 HR P20020785 A2 HRP20020785 A2 HR P20020785A2 HR P20020785 A HRP20020785 A HR P20020785A HR P20020785 A2 HRP20020785 A2 HR P20020785A2
- Authority
- HR
- Croatia
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- alkylsulfonylamino
- alkylamino
- aryl
- alkylureido
- Prior art date
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- 150000004885 piperazines Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 229940066771 systemic antihistamines piperazine derivative Drugs 0.000 title description 2
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 955
- 125000004845 (C1-C6) alkylsulfonylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 225
- 125000004890 (C1-C6) alkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 201
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 200
- 125000003806 alkyl carbonyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 143
- 125000005281 alkyl ureido group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 137
- -1 hydroxy, hydroxysulfonyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 124
- 125000000041 C6-C10 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 115
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 103
- 125000004457 alkyl amino carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 98
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 88
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 76
- 125000004949 alkyl amino carbonyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 73
- 125000004750 (C1-C6) alkylaminosulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 68
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 67
- 125000004454 (C1-C6) alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 66
- 125000004916 (C1-C6) alkylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 66
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 60
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 59
- 125000006624 (C1-C6) alkoxycarbonylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 55
- GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde Chemical group NC1=NC(Cl)=C(C=O)C(Cl)=N1 GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 52
- 125000001951 carbamoylamino group Chemical group C(N)(=O)N* 0.000 claims description 50
- 125000006620 amino-(C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 37
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 33
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000004397 aminosulfonyl group Chemical group NS(=O)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 29
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000000738 acetamido group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)N([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000006719 (C6-C10) aryl (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
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- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
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- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000005241 heteroarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 claims description 2
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- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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Description
Pozadina izuma
Ovaj izum odnosi se na nove piperazinske derivate, postupke njihove upotrebe i farmaceutske pripravke koji ih sadrže.
Spojevi prema ovom izumu potentni su i selektivni kemokinski inhibitori koji se vežu na njihov receptor CCR1, opažen na upalnim i imunomodulacijskim stanicama (po mogućnosti na leukocitima i limfocitima). Receptor CCR1 katkada se također naziva CC-CKR1 receptor. Ti spojevi također inhibiraju kemotaksiju THP-1 stanica i ljudskih leukocita koju uzrokuje MIP-1α (i srodni kemokini za koje se pokazalo da međudjeluju s CCR1 (npr. RANTES i MCP-3)), a moguće su korisni i u liječenju ili sprječavanju autoimunih bolesti (poput reumatoidnog artritisa, dijabetesa tip I (nedavno započetog), lupusa, upalne bolesti crijeva, optičkog neuritisa, psorijaze, multiple skleroze, reumatične polimialgije, uveitisa i vaskulitisa), akutnih i kroničnih upalnih stanja (poput osteoartritisa, sindroma dišnog distresa u odraslih, sindroma dišnog distresa dojenčeta, ishemično-reperfuzijskih ozljeda i glomerulonefritisa), alergijskih stanja (poput astme i atopičnog dermatitisa), infekcije uz upalu (poput virusne upale (uključujući influencu i hepatitis) i Guillain-Barréovog sindroma), kroničnog bronhitisa; ksenogeničnog presatka: odbacivanja presađenog tkiva (kroničnog i akutnog), odbacivanja presađenog organa (kroničnog i akutnog); ateroskleroze, restenoze, HIV infekcije (upotreba koreceptora) i granulomatoznih bolesti (uključujući sarkoidozu, lepru i tuberkulozu), te posljedica određenih oblika raka, poput multiplog mijeloma. Spojevi iz ovog niza također mogu ograničavati proizvodnju citokina na mjestima upale, uključujući, no ne ograničujući se na TNF i IL-1, kao posljedicu pada stanične infiltracije, osiguravajući povoljno djelovanje kod bolesti povezanih s TNF-om i IL-1, uključujući kongestivnu insuficijenciju srca, emfizem pluća ili dispneju povezane s njima, kao i emfizem; HIV-1, HIV-2, HIV-3; citomegalovirus (CMV), adenoviruse, herpes viruse (Herpes zoster i Herpes simplex). Također mogu osigurati povoljno djelovanje kod posljedica infekcije, gdje takva infekcija uzrokuje proizvodnju štetnih upalnih citokina, poput TNF-a, npr. gljivičnog meningitisa, oštećenja zglobnog tkiva, hiperplazije, stvaranja panusa i resorpcije kostiju, psorijatičnog artritisa, jetrene insuficijencije, bakterijskog meningitisa, Kawasakijevog sindroma, infarkta miokarda, akutne jetrene insuficijencije, lajmske bolesti, septičnog šoka, raka, ozljede i malarije.
MIP-1α i RANTES su topivi kemotaktički peptidi (kemokini) koje proizvode upalne stanice, osobito CD8+ limfociti, polimorfonuklearni leukociti (PMN) i makrofazi, "J. Biol. Chem.", 270(30), 29671-29675, (1995.). Ovi kemokini djeluju uzrokujući migraciju i aktivaciju ključnih upalnih i imunomodulacijskih stanica. Povišene razine kemokina opažene su u sinovijskoj tekućini pacijenata s reumatoidnim artritisom, kod kroničnog i akutnog odbacivanja tkiva kod transplantacijskih pacijenata i u iscjetku iz nosa pacijenata s alergijskim rinitisom nakon izlaganja alergenu (Teran i drugi: "I. Immunol.", 1806-1812, (1996.); i Kuna i drugi: "J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.", 321, (1994.)). Protutijela koja ometaju kemokin/receptorsko međudjelovanje neutralizirajući MIP1α ili kidanjem gena, predstavljaju izravan dokaz uloge MIP-1α i RANTES-a u bolestima, ograničujući novačenje monocita i limfocita CD8+ (Smith i drugi: "J. Immunol.", 153, 4704, (1994.); i Cook i drugi: "Science", 269, 1583, (1995.). Zajedno ovi podaci ukazuju da bi antagonisti receptora CCR1 mogli činiti djelotvorno liječenje nekoliko imunosno baziranih bolesti. Spojevi koje se ovdje opisuje potentni su i selektivni antagonisti receptora CCR1.
Bit izuma
Ovaj izum također se odnosi na spoj formule
[image]
ili na njegovu farmaceutski prihvatljivu sol, gdje
a je 1, 2, 3, 4 ili 5;
b je 0, 1, 2, 3 ili 4;
c je 0 ili 1;
d je 1, 2, 3, 4 ili 5;
e je 0 ili 1;
j je 1, 2, 3 ili 4;
X je C(O), C(S) ili CH2;
Y je CH2, ili ako e je 0, Y je CHR8, gdje R8 je vodik, (C6-C10)aril ili NR9R10;
Z je kisik, NR9 ili CR11R12;
svakog R1 neovisno se bira između vodika, hidroksi, hidroksisulfonila, halogena, (C1-C6)alkila, merkapto, merkapto(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkiltio, (C1-C6)alkilsulfinila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonila, (C1-C6)alkiltio(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfinil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi, (C6-C10)ariloksi, halogen(C1-C6)alkila, trifluormetila, formila, formil(C1-C6)alkila, nitro, nitrozo, cijano, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksi, halogen(C1-C6)alkoksi, trifluormetoksi, (C3-C7)cikloalkila, (C3-C7)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C3-C7)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C7)cikloalkilamino, (C3-C7)cikloalkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C3-C7)cikloalkil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, ((C3-C7)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, cijano(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C7)alkenila, (C2-C7)alkinila, (C6-C10)arila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C2-C6)alkenila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkiltio(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkenila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkinila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)ariloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkila, amino, (C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino, (C6-C10)arilamino, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil)(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, karboksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, amidino, gvanidino, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido, ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkila, (C2-C9)heteroarila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila i (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkila;
svakog od R2 i R3 neovisno se bira između okso, halogena, (C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C8)cikloalkila, (C3-C8)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C8)cikloalkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C8)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, halogen(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C6)alkenila, (C2-C6)alkinila, (C6-C10)arila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C2-C6)alkenila, H-C(O)-, H-C(O)-(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkenila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkinila, hidroksi(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C3-C8)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, tio(C1-C6)alkila, cijano(C1-C6)alkila, halogen(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)ariloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkiltio(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfinil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonil(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkiltio(C1-C6)alkila, amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, azido(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)ariloksi(C1-C6)alkilkarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, karboksi, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, aminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, karboksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilsulfonila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkila, (C2-C9)heteroarila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkila ili R14R15N(C1-C6)alkila, gdje svaki od R14 i R15 neovisno je (C1-C6)alkil ili (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil;
R4 je (R5)f(R6)g(C6-C10)aril, (R5)f(R6)g(C3-C10)cikloalkil, (R5)f(R7)h(C2-C9)heteroaril ili (R5)f(R7)h(C2-C9)heterocikloalkil, gdje
f je 1, 2, 3 ili 4;
svakog od g i h neovisno je 0, 1, 2 ili 3;
R5 je jedna do tri grupe koje se neovisno bira između (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilkarbonila, (C2-C9)heteroarilkarbonila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, halogen(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilureido, amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilureido, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, halogen(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, aminosulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, cijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilcijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heteroarilcijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, amino(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijano(C1-C6)alkilaminoalkila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ureido(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijano(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, amino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ureido(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, halogen(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, aminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(cijanogvanidino)amino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, amino(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, aminosulfonila, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilsulfonila, amino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C2-C9)heteroarilaminosulfonila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilaminosulfonila,
R6 je jedna do tri grupe koje se neovisno bira između vodika, hidroksi, hidroksisulfonila, halogena, (C1-C6)alkila, merkapto, merkapto(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkiltio, (C1-C6)alkilsulfinila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonila, (C6-C10)arilsulfonila, (C1-C6)alkiltio(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfinil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkoksi, (C6-C10)ariloksi, halogen(C1-C6)alkila, trifluor(C1-C6)alkila, formila, formil(C1-C6)alkila, nitro, nitrozo, cijano, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksi, halogen(C1-C6)alkoksi, trifluor(C1-C6)alkoksi, amino(C1-C6)alkoksi, (C3-C10)cikloalkila, (C3-C10)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C3-C10)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C10)cikloalkilamino, (C3-C10)cikloalkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijano(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C6)alkenila, (C2-C6)alkinila, (C6-C10)arila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C2-C6)alkenila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkila, (hidroksi)(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkilamino)(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkiltio(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkenila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkenila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkinila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, ariloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkila, amino, (C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino, (C6-C10)arilamino, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilamino, (C2-C9)heteroarilamino, (C3-C10)cikloalkil((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, (C2-C6)alkenilkarbonilamino, (C3-C10)cikloalkilkarbonilamino, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilkarbonilamino, halogen(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C10)cikloalkil((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkilsulfonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C6-C10)arilsulfonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroarilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (aminokarbonil)(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil)(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil)(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (amino(C1-C6)alkil)aminokarbonila, (hidroksi(C1-C6)alkil)aminokarbonila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, amidino, hidroksiamidino, gvanidino, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilureido, (C6-C10)arilureido, ((C6-C10)aril)2ureido, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilureido, halogen(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)((C6-C10)aril)ureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido, halogen(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilureido, ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilureido(C1-C6)alkila, ((C6-C10)aril)2ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, halogen(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, (halogen(C1-C6)alkil)((C1-C6)alkil)ureido(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkil)ureido(C1-C6)alkila, glicinamido, (C1-C6)alkilglicinamido, aminokarbonilglicinamido, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilglicinamido, (aminokarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)glicinamido, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilglicinamido, ((C6-C10)arilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, ((C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil)glicinamido, ((C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonilglicinamido, ((C6-C10)arilaminokarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, glicinamido(C1-C6)alkil, alaninamido, (C1-C6)alkilalaninamido, alaninamido(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroarila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkila i (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila;
R7 je jedna do tri grupe koje se neovisno bira između vodika, hidroksi, halogena, (C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonila, (C6-C10)arilsulfonila, (C1-C6)alkoksi, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkoksi, halogen(C1-C6)alkila, formila, nitro, cijano, halogen(C1-C6)alkoksi, (C2-C6)alkenila, (C2-C6)alkinila, (C6-C10)arila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, amino, (C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino, (C6-C10)arilamino, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, (C2-C6)alkenilkarbonilamino, cikloalkilkarbonilamino, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilamino, halogen(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, aminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil, gvanidino, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilureido, ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila i glicinamido;
svakog od R9 i R10 neovisno se bira iz grupe koju čine vodik, (C1-C6)alkil, (C6-C10)aril, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkil, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkil, aminokarbonil, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil i (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil; i
svakog od R11 i R12 neovisno se bira iz grupe koju čine vodik, (C1-C6)alkil, (C6-C10)aril, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkil, hidroksi, (C1-C6)alkoksi, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkil, amino, (C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C3-C8)cikloalkilkarbonilamino, (C3-C8)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C3-C8)cikloalkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heteroarilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C6-C10)arilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, aminokarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, halogen(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonilamino, aminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, halogen(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, amino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkil, karboksi(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkil, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil i (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil.
Poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R1 je vodik, halogen, cijano, nitro, trifluormetil, trifluormetoksi, (C1-C6)alkil, hidroksi ili (C1-C6)alkilkarboniloksi.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje svakog od R2 i R3 se neovisno bira između (C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C8)cikloalkila, amino(C1-C6)alkila, amino(C3-C8)cikloalkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C3-C8)cikloalkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkila ili (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje c je 1; X je C(O); d je 1; Y je CH2; e je 1; a Z je kisik.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje c je 1; X je C(O); d je 2; Y je etilen; a e je 0.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje c je 1; X je C(O); d je 1; Y je CH2; e je 1; a Z je NR9, gdje R9 je vodik ili (C1-C6)alkil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje c je 1; X je CH2; d je 1; Y je CH2; e je 1; a Z je kisik.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje c je 1; X je CH2; d je 2; Y je etilen; a e je 0.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje c je 1; X je CH2; d je 1; Y je CH2; e je 1; a Z je NR9, gdje R9 je vodik ili (C1-C6)alkil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje c je 1; X je C(O); d je 1; Y je CHR8, gdje R8 je NR9R10; gdje svaki od R9 i R10 neovisno je vodik, (C1-C6)alkil ili (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil; e je 1; a Z je kisik.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje c je 1; X je C(O); d je 1; Y je CHR8, gdje R8 je NR9R10; gdje svaki od R9 i R10 neovisno je vodik, (C1-C6)alkil ili (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil; e je 1; a Z je CR11R12, gdje R11 i R12 su vodik.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje c je 1; X je C(O); d je 1; Y je CHR8, gdje R8 je NR9R10; gdje svaki od R9 i R10 neovisno je vodik, (C1-C6)alkil ili (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil; e je 1; a Z je NR9, gdje R9 je vodik ili (C1-C6)alkil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje c je 1; X je CH2; d je 1; Y je CHR8, gdje R8 je NR9R10; gdje svaki od R9 i R10 neovisno je vodik, (C1-C6)alkil ili (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil; e je 1; a Z je kisik.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje c je 1; X je CH2; d je 1; Y je CHR8, gdje R8 je NR9R10; gdje svaki od R9 i R10 neovisno je vodik, (C1-C6)alkil ili (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil; e je 1; a Z je CR11R12, gdje R11 i R12 su vodik.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje c je 1; X je CH2; d je 1; Y je CHR8, gdje R8 je NR9R10; gdje svaki od R9 i R10 neovisno je vodik, (C1-C6)alkil ili (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil; e je 1; a Z je NR9, gdje R9 je vodik ili (C1-C6)alkil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R4 je (R5)f(R6)g(C6-C10)aril ili (R5)f(R7)h(C2-C9)heteroaril, gdje f, g i h neovisno su 1 ili 2.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilkarbonil, (C2-C9)heteroarilkarbonil, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil ili (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino ili aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilureido, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilureido.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, aminosulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino ili (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je cijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilcijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heteroarilcijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, amino(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino ili ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino ili (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilamino.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je cijano(C1-C6)alkilaminoalkil ili aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ureido(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil ili aminokarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil ili cijano(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je amino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ureido(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkil ili cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, aminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil ili ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heteroaril(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkil, amino(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkil, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkil ili ((C1-C6)alkil2)aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilsulfonil, amino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C2-C9)heteroarilaminosulfonil, ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilaminosulfonil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje R5 je halogen(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilureido, halogen(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, halogen(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, aminosulfonil, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonil, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil i (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil.
Sljedeći poželjni spojevi formule I uključuju one gdje svaki od R6 i R7 neovisno je halogen, halogen(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksi, trifluormetil, trifluormetoksi, hidroksi, aminokarbonil, cijano, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino ili glicinamido.
Ovaj izum također se odnosi na farmaceutski prihvatljive kisele adicijske soli spojeva formule I. Kiseline koje se upotrebljava u dobivanju farmaceutski prihvatljivih kiselih adicijskih soli gore navedenih bazičnih spojeva prema ovom izumu one su koje tvore netoksične kisele adicijske soli, tj. soli koje sadrže farmakološki prihvatljive anione, poput hidrokloridnih, hidrobromidnih, hidrojodidnih, nitratnih, sulfatnih, bisulfatnih, fosfatnih, kiselih fosfatnih, acetatnih, laktatnih, citratnih, kiselih citratnih, tartaratnih, bitartaratnih, sukcinatnih, maleatnih, fumaratnih, glukonatnih, glukaratnih, benzoatnih, metansulfonatnih, etansulfonatnih, benzensulfonatnih, p-toluensulfonatnih i pamoatnih [tj. 1,1'-metilen-bis-(2-hidroksi-3-naftoatnih)] soli.
Ovaj izum također se odnosi na bazične adicijske soli spojeva formule I. Kemijske baze, koje se može upotrijebiti kao reagense u dobivanju farmaceutski prihvatljivih bazičnih soli spojeva formule I kisele prirode, one su koje tvore netoksične bazične soli s tim spojevima. Te netoksične bazične soli su, no ne ograničuju se na one derivirane iz takvih farmakološki prihvatljivih kationa poput kationa alkalnih metala (npr. kalijevog i natrijevog) i kationa zemnoalkalnih metala (npr. kalcijevog i magnezijevog), amonijevog ili u vodi topivih aminskih adicijskih soli, poput N-metilglukaminskih (megluminskih), te nižih alkanolamonijskih i drugih bazičnih soli farmaceutski prihvatljivih organskih amina.
Spojevi prema ovom izumu mogu sadržavati dvostruke veze slične olefinskima (dvostruke veze u olefinima tj. alkenima). U prisustvu takvih veza spojevi prema ovom izumu postoje kao cis- i trans-konfiguracije, kao i njihove smjese.
Ovaj izum također se odnosi na spojeve formule I gdje se bilo kojeg od vodika može izborno zamijeniti deuterijem.
Ukoliko se drugačije ne navede, alkilne, alkenilne i alkinilne grupe na koje se poziva u ovoj specifikaciji, kao i alkilni ostaci u drugim grupama na koje se ovdje poziva (npr. alkoksi), mogu biti nerazgranate ili razgranate, a također mogu biti i cikličke (npr. ciklopropil, ciklobutil, ciklopentil, cikloheksil ili cikloheptil), ili biti nerazgranate ili razgranate i sadržavati cikličke ostatke. Ukoliko se drugačije ne navede, halogen uključuje fluor, klor, brom i jod.
(C3-C10)cikloalkil, kada ga se upotrebljava u ovoj specifikaciji, odnosi se na cikloalkilne grupe, s nula do dva stupnja nezasićenosti, poput ciklopropila, ciklobutila, ciklopentila, ciklopentenila, cikloheksila, cikloheksenila, 1,3cikloheksadiena, cikloheptila, cikloheptenila, biciklo[3.2.1]oktana, norbornanila itd.
(C2-C9)heterocikloalkil, kada ga se upotrebljava u ovoj specifikaciji, odnosi se na pirolidinil, tetrahidrofuranil, dihidrofuranil, tetrahidropiranil, piranil, tiopiranil, aziridinil, oksiranil, metilendioksil, kromenil, barbituril, izoksazolidinil, 1,3oksazolidin-3-il, izotiazolidinil, 1,3-tiazolidin-3-il, 1,2-pirazolidin-2-il, 1,3-pirazolidin-1-il, piperidinil, tiomorfolinil, 1,2-tetrahidrotiazin-2-il, 1,3-tetrahidrotiazin-3-il, tetrahidrotiadiazinil, morfolinil, 1,2tetrahidrodiazin-2-il, 1,3-tetrahidrodiazin-1-il, tetrahidroazepinil, piperazinil, kromanil itd.
(C2-C9)heteroaril, kada ga se upotrebljava u ovoj specifikaciji, odnosi se na furil, tienil, tiazolil, pirazolil, izotiazolil, oksazolil, izoksazolil, pirolil, triazolil, tetrazolil, imidazolil, 1,3,5-oksadiazolil, 1,2,4-oksadiazolil, 1,2,3-oksadiazolil, 1,3,5-tiadiazolil, 1,2,3-tiadiazolil, 1,2,4-tiadiazolil, piridil, pirimidil, pirazinil, piridazinil, 1,2,4-triazinil, 1,2,3triazinil, 1,3,5-triazinil, pirazolo[3,4-b]piridinil, cinolinil, pteridinil, purinil, 6,7-dihidro5H-[1]piridinil, benzo[b]tiofenil, 5,6,7,8-tetrahidrokinolin-3-il, benzoksazolil, benzotiazolil, benzizotiazolil, benzizoksazolil, benzimidazolil, tianaftenil, izotianaftenil, benzofuranil, izobenzofuranil, izoindolil, indolil, indolizinil, indazolil, izokinolil, kinolil, ftalazinil, kinoksalinil, kinazolinil, benzoksazinil itd.
Aril, kada ga se upotrebljava u ovoj specifikaciji, odnosi se na fenil ili naftil.
Izraz "ureido", kao što se upotrebljava u ovoj specifikaciji, odnosi se na ostatak "amino-karbonil-amino".
Izraz "acetil", kao što se upotrebljava u ovoj specifikaciji, odnosi se na ostatak "alkil-karbonil", gdje alkil je definiran kao gore.
Izraz "cijanogvanidino", kao što se upotrebljava u ovoj specifikaciji, odnosi se na funkcionalnu grupu sljedeće formule:
[image]
Izraz "(C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C=N-CN)amino", kao što se upotrebljava u ovoj specifikaciji, odnosi se na funkcionalnu grupu sljedeće formule:
[image]
gdje se "HET" odnosi na (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilnu ili (C2-C9)heteroarilnu grupu, a dušik u navedenoj grupi je mjesto vezanja.
Izraz "merkapto", kao što se upotrebljava u ovoj specifikaciji, odnosi se na ostatak "HS-".
Spojevi prema ovom izumu uključuju sve konformacijske izomere (npr. cis- i trans-izomere), te sve optičke izomere spojeva formule I (npr. enantiomere i dijastereomere), kao i racemske, dijastereomerne i druge smjese takvih izomera.
Ovaj izum također se odnosi na farmaceutski pripravak za liječenje i sprječavanje poremećaja ili stanja koje se bira između autoimunih bolesti: reumatoidnog artritisa, nedavno započetog dijabetesa tip I, lupusa, upalne bolesti crijeva, optičkog neuritisa, psorijaze, multiple skleroze, reumatične polimialgije, uveitisa i vaskulitisa; akutnih i kroničnih upalnih stanja: osteoartritisa, sindroma dišnog distresa u odraslih, sindroma dišnog distresa dojenčeta, ishemično-reperfuzijskih ozljeda i glomerulonefritisa; alergijskih stanja: astme i atopičnog dermatitisa; infekcije uz upalu: virusne upale: influence i hepatitisa, kao i Guillain-Barréovog sindroma; kroničnog bronhitisa; ksenogeničnog presatka: kroničnog i akutnog odbacivanja presađenog tkiva, kroničnog i akutnog odbacivanja presađenog organa; ateroskleroze, restenoze, HIV infekcije; granulomatoznih bolesti: sarkoidoze, lepre i tuberkuloze; kao i posljedica određenih oblika raka, poput multiplog mijeloma. Spojevi iz ovog niza također mogu ograničavati proizvodnju citokina na mjestima upale, uključujući, no ne ograničujući se na TNF i IL-1, kao posljedicu pada stanične infiltracije, osiguravajući povoljno djelovanje kod bolesti povezanih s TNF-om i IL-1, uključujući kongestivnu insuficijenciju srca, emfizem pluća ili dispneju povezane s njima, kao i emfizem; HIV-1, HIV-2, HIV-3; citomegalovirus (CMV), adenoviruse, herpes viruse (Herpes zoster i Herpes simplex). Također mogu osigurati povoljno djelovanje kod posljedica infekcije, gdje takva infekcija uzrokuje proizvodnju štetnih upalnih citokina, poput TNF-a, npr. gljivičnog meningitisa, oštećenja zglobnog tkiva, hiperplazije, stvaranja panusa i resorpcije kostiju, psorijatičnog artritisa, jetrene insuficijencije, bakterijskog meningitisa, Kawasakijevog sindroma, infarkta miokarda, akutne jetrene insuficijencije, lajmske bolesti, septičnog šoka, raka, ozljede i malarije; kod sisavca, po mogućnosti čovjeka, koji sadrži količinu spoja formule I, ili njegove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, djelotvornu u liječenju takvog poremećaja ili stanja, i farmaceutski prihvatljivu podlogu.
Ovaj izum također se odnosi na farmaceutski pripravak za liječenje i sprječavanje poremećaja ili stanja koje se može liječiti ili spriječiti inhibicijom vezanja kemokina na receptor CCR1, kod sisavca, po mogućnosti čovjeka, koji sadrži količinu spoja formule I, ili njegove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, djelotvornu u liječenju takvog poremećaja ili stanja, i farmaceutski prihvatljivu podlogu. Primjeri takvih poremećaja ili stanja nabrojani su u prethodnom paragrafu.
Ovaj izum također se odnosi na postupak liječenja ili sprječavanja poremećaja ili stanja koje se bira između autoimunih bolesti: reumatoidnog artritisa, nedavno započetog dijabetesa tip I, lupusa, upalne bolesti crijeva, optičkog neuritisa, psorijaze, multiple skleroze, reumatične polimialgije, uveitisa i vaskulitisa; akutnih i kroničnih upalnih stanja: osteoartritisa, sindroma dišnog distresa u odraslih, sindroma dišnog distresa dojenčeta, ishemično-reperfuzijskih ozljeda i glomerulonefritisa; alergijskih stanja: astme i atopičnog dermatitisa; infekcije uz upalu: virusne upale: influence i hepatitisa, kao i Guillain-Barréovog sindroma; kroničnog bronhitisa; ksenogeničnog presatka: kroničnog i akutnog odbacivanja presađenog tkiva, kroničnog i akutnog odbacivanja presađenog organa; ateroskleroze, restenoze, HIV infekcije; granulomatoznih bolesti: sarkoidoze, lepre i tuberkuloze; kao i posljedica određenih oblika raka, poput multiplog mijeloma. Spojevi iz ovog niza također mogu ograničavati proizvodnju citokina na mjestima upale, uključujući, no ne ograničujući se na TNF i IL-1, kao posljedicu pada stanične infiltracije, osiguravajući povoljno djelovanje kod bolesti povezanih s TNF-om i IL-1, uključujući kongestivnu insuficijenciju srca, emfizem pluća ili dispneju povezane s njima, kao i emfizem; HIV-1, HIV-2, HIV-3; citomegalovirus (CMV), adenoviruse, herpes viruse (Herpes zoster i Herpes simplex). Također mogu osigurati povoljno djelovanje kod posljedica infekcije, gdje takva infekcija uzrokuje proizvodnju štetnih upalnih citokina, poput TNF-a, npr. gljivičnog meningitisa, oštećenja zglobnog tkiva, hiperplazije, stvaranja panusa i resorpcije kostiju, psorijatičnog artritisa, jetrene insuficijencije, bakterijskog meningitisa, Kawasakijevog sindroma, infarkta miokarda, akutne jetrene insuficijencije, lajmske bolesti, septičnog šoka, raka, ozljede i malarije; kod sisavca, po mogućnosti čovjeka, koji se sastoji u primjeni na sisavcu, kojem je takvo liječenje ili sprječavanje potrebno, količine spoja formule I, ili njegove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, djelotvorne u liječenju takvog poremećaja ili stanja.
Ovaj izum također se odnosi na postupak liječenja ili sprječavanja poremećaja ili stanja koje se može liječiti ili spriječiti antagoniziranjem receptora CCR1, kod sisavca, po mogućnosti čovjeka, koji se sastoji u primjeni na sisavcu, kojem je takvo liječenje ili sprječavanje potrebno, količine spoja formule I, ili njegove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, djelotvorne u liječenju takvog poremećaja ili stanja.
Ovaj izum također se odnosi na farmaceutski pripravak za liječenje i sprječavanje poremećaja ili stanja koje se bira između autoimunih bolesti: reumatoidnog artritisa, nedavno započetog dijabetesa tip I, lupusa, upalne bolesti crijeva, optičkog neuritisa, psorijaze, multiple skleroze, reumatične polimialgije, uveitisa i vaskulitisa; akutnih i kroničnih upalnih stanja: osteoartritisa, sindroma dišnog distresa u odraslih, sindroma dišnog distresa dojenčeta, ishemično-reperfuzijskih ozljeda i glomerulonefritisa; alergijskih stanja: astme i atopičnog dermatitisa; infekcije uz upalu: virusne upale: influence i hepatitisa, kao i Guillain-Barréovog sindroma; kroničnog bronhitisa; ksenogeničnog presatka: kroničnog i akutnog odbacivanja presađenog tkiva, kroničnog i akutnog odbacivanja presađenog organa; ateroskleroze, restenoze, HIV infekcije; granulomatoznih bolesti: sarkoidoze, lepre i tuberkuloze; kao i posljedica određenih oblika raka, poput multiplog mijeloma. Spojevi iz ovog niza također mogu ograničavati proizvodnju citokina na mjestima upale, uključujući, no ne ograničujući se na TNF i IL-1, kao posljedicu pada stanične infiltracije, osiguravajući povoljno djelovanje kod bolesti povezanih s TNF-om i IL-1, uključujući kongestivnu insuficijenciju srca, emfizem pluća ili dispneju povezane s njima, kao i emfizem; HIV-1, HIV-2, HIV-3; citomegalovirus (CMV), adenoviruse, herpes viruse (Herpes zoster i Herpes simplex). Također mogu osigurati povoljno djelovanje kod posljedica infekcije, gdje takva infekcija uzrokuje proizvodnju štetnih upalnih citokina, poput TNF-a, npr. gljivičnog meningitisa, oštećenja zglobnog tkiva, hiperplazije, stvaranja panusa i resorpcije kostiju, psorijatičnog artritisa, jetrene insuficijencije, bakterijskog meningitisa, Kawasakijevog sindroma, infarkta miokarda, akutne jetrene insuficijencije, lajmske bolesti, septičnog šoka, raka, ozljede i malarije; kod sisavca, po mogućnosti čovjeka, koji sadrži količinu spoja formule I, ili njegove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, djelotvornu u antagoniziranju receptora CCR1, i farmaceutski prihvatljivu podlogu.
Ovaj izum također se odnosi na farmaceutski pripravak za liječenje i sprječavanje poremećaja ili stanja koje se može liječiti ili spriječiti antagoniziranjem receptora CCR1, kod sisavca, po mogućnosti čovjeka, koji sadrži količinu spoja formule I, ili njegove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, djelotvornu u antagoniziranju receptora CCR1, i farmaceutski prihvatljivu podlogu.
Ovaj izum također se odnosi na postupak liječenja ili sprječavanja poremećaja ili stanja koje se bira između autoimunih bolesti: reumatoidnog artritisa, nedavno započetog dijabetesa tip I, lupusa, upalne bolesti crijeva, optičkog neuritisa, psorijaze, multiple skleroze, reumatične polimialgije, uveitisa i vaskulitisa; akutnih i kroničnih upalnih stanja: osteoartritisa, sindroma dišnog distresa u odraslih, sindroma dišnog distresa dojenčeta, ishemično-reperfuzijskih ozljeda i glomerulonefritisa; alergijskih stanja: astme i atopičnog dermatitisa; infekcije uz upalu: virusne upale: influence i hepatitisa, kao i Guillain-Barréovog sindroma; kroničnog bronhitisa; ksenogeničnog presatka: kroničnog i akutnog odbacivanja presađenog tkiva, kroničnog i akutnog odbacivanja presađenog organa; ateroskleroze, restenoze, HIV infekcije; granulomatoznih bolesti: sarkoidoze, lepre i tuberkuloze; kao i posljedica određenih oblika raka, poput multiplog mijeloma. Spojevi iz ovog niza također mogu ograničavati proizvodnju citokina na mjestima upale, uključujući, no ne ograničujući se na TNF i IL-1, kao posljedicu pada stanične infiltracije, osiguravajući povoljno djelovanje kod bolesti povezanih s TNF-om i IL-1, uključujući kongestivnu insuficijenciju srca, emfizem pluća ili dispneju povezane s njima, kao i emfizem; HIV-1, HIV-2, HIV-3; citomegalovirus (CMV), adenoviruse, herpes viruse (Herpes zoster i Herpes simplex). Također mogu osigurati povoljno djelovanje kod posljedica infekcije, gdje takva infekcija uzrokuje proizvodnju štetnih upalnih citokina, poput TNF-a, npr. gljivičnog meningitisa, oštećenja zglobnog tkiva, hiperplazije, stvaranja panusa i resorpcije kostiju, psorijatičnog artritisa, jetrene insuficijencije, bakterijskog meningitisa, Kawasakijevog sindroma, infarkta miokarda, akutne jetrene insuficijencije, lajmske bolesti, septičnog šoka, raka, ozljede i malarije; kod sisavca, po mogućnosti čovjeka, koji se sastoji u primjeni na sisavcu, kojem je takvo liječenje ili sprječavanje potrebno, količine spoja formule I, ili njegove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli, djelotvorne u antagoniziranju receptora CCR1.
Detaljni opis izuma
Sljedeće reakcijske Sheme ilustriraju dobivanje spojeva prema ovom izumu. Ukoliko se drugačije ne navede, a, b, c, d, e, j, R1, R2, R3 i R4 u sljedećim reakcijskim Shemama i u raspravi definirani su kao gore.
R16 i R17, zajedno s dušikom na koji su vezani, bira se iz grupe koju čine amino, amino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, aminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilureido, amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilureido, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, karboksi(C1-C6)alkilureido, halogen(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, aminosulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, cijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilcijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heteroarilcijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, amino(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, karboksi(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino, (C6-C10)arilamino, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilamino, (C2-C9)heteroarilamino, (C3-C10)cikloalkil((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, (C2-C6)alkenilkarbonilamino, (C3-C10)cikloalkilkarbonilamino, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilkarbonilamino, halogen(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil((C1-C6)alkil)amino, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C3-C10)cikloalkilamino, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilureido, (C6-C10)arilureido, ((C6-C10)aril)2ureido, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilureido, halogen(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)((C6-C10)aril)ureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido, halogen(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilureido, glicinamido, (C1-C6)alkilglicinamido, aminokarbonilglicinamido, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilglicinamido, (aminokarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)glicinamido, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilglicinamido, ((C6-C10)arilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, ((C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil)glicinamido, ((C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonilglicinamido i ((C6-C10)arilaminokarbonil)(C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido.
R18 i R19, zajedno s dušikom na koji su vezani, bira se iz grupe koju čine (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, ureido(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilamino, halogen(C1-C6)alkilamino, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, karboksi(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, cijano(C1-C6)alkilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, ureido(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilamino, aminokarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ureido(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroarilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, cijano(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, karboksi(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, ureido(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilureido, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilureido, amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, aminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, cijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino), ((C1-C6)alkil)2(cijanogvanidino), (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(cijanogvanidino), (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(cijanogvanidino), (C2-C9)heteroaril(cijanogvanidino), (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino), (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino), amino(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino), (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino), ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino), aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino), (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino), ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino), (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil, amino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heteroarilamino, ureido(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, halogen(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido, amino, (C1-C6)alkilamino, (C3-C10)cikloalkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C6-C10)arilamino, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C3-C10)cikloalkil((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkilsulfonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C6-C10)arilsulfonilamino, ((C6-C10)arilsulfonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilamino, (C2-C9)heteroarilamino, halogen(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C6-C10)arilamino, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino, (aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil)amino, ((C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil)amino, (karboksi(C1-C6)alkil)amino, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkil)amino, (amino(C1-C6)alkil)amino, (hidroksi(C1-C6)alkil)amino, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido, (C6-C10)arilureido, ((C6-C10)aril)2ureido, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilureido, halogen(C1-C6)alkilureido, (halogen(C1-C6)alkil)((C1-C6)alkil)ureido, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkil)ureido i glicinamido.
Dobivanje A
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Dobivanje B
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Dobivanje B (nastavak)
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Dobivanje C
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Shema 1
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Shema 2
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Shema 3
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Shema 4
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Shema 5
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Shema 6
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Shema 7
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U reakciji 1 Dobivanja A spoj formule XXXV, gdje b je 0, 1 ili 2, prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XXXIV reakcijom XXXV s etilendiaminskim spojem formule (R3)j-etilendiamin, u prisustvu neprotonskog otapala poput dietil-etera. Reakcijsku smjesu grije se do refluksa u trajanju između približno 1 sat i približno 12 sati.
U reakciji 2 Dobivanja A spoj formule XXXIV prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XXXIII redukcijom XXXIV reducensom poput natrij-bor-hidrida, na refluksu protonskog otapala poput etanola.
U reakciji 3 Dobivanja A spoj formule XXXIII prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XXX reakcijom XXXIII s benzaldehidnim spojem formule
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u prisustvu baze poput trietilamina i reducensa poput natrij-triacetoksibor-hidrida, u neprotonskom otapalu poput 1,2-dikloretana. Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se na sobnoj temperaturi u trajanju između približno 1 sat i približno 4 sata, po mogućnosti, približno 2 sata.
U reakciji 1 Dobivanja B spoj formule XXII, gdje b je 0, 1 ili 2, prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XXI reakcijom XXIII s benzaldehidnim spojem formule
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u prisustvu baze poput trietilamina, reducensa poput natrij-bor-hidrida i neprotonskog otapala poput 1,2dikloretana. Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se na sobnoj temperaturi u trajanju između približno 1 sat i približno 4 sata, po mogućnosti, približno 2 sata.
U reakciji 2 Dobivanja B spoj formule XXI prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XX, najprije reakcijom spoja formule
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gdje j je 0, 1 ili 2, s 4-metilmorfolinom i izobutil-klorformijatom, u prisustvu polarnog neprotonskog otapala poput tetrahidrofurana, nakon čega slijedi reakcija tako dobivenog međuprodukta sa spojem formule XXI. Tako dobivenu reakcijsku smjesu preko noći se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi.
U reakciji 3 Dobivanja B spoj formule XX prevodi se u odgovarajući piperazin-2,5-dionski spoj formule XIX obradom XX trifluoroctenom kiselinom, u prisustvu polarnog neprotonskog otapala poput metilen-klorida. Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se na sobnoj temperaturi u trajanju između približno 1 sat i približno 4 sata, po mogućnosti, približno 2 sata.
U reakciji 4 Dobivanja B spoj formule XIX prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XVIII redukcijom XIX s reducensom poput litij-aluminij-hidrida. Reakciju se provodi na temperaturi između približno –10 °C i približno 10 °C, po mogućnosti, približno 0 °C, u trajanju između približno 10 minuta i približno 90 minuta, po mogućnosti, približno 40 minuta.
U reakciji 1 Dobivanja C spoj formule XIV prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XXIV reakcijom XXV s aminom formule NHR18R19, gdje svakog od R18 i R19 se neovisno bira između vodika, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilne ili (C2-C9)heteroarilne grupe s dušikom, ili (C1-C6)alkila izborno supstituiranog s hidroksi, aminokarbonilom, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilom, ((C1-C6)alkil)2karbonilom, karboksi, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, aminosulfonilom, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonilom, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonilom, (C6-C10)alkoksi, (C2-C9)heteroarilom, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilom, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, cijano, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido, cijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino i ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino, ili se R18 i R19 uzima zajedno s dušikom na koji su vezani kako bi tvorili (C2-C9)heteroarilnu ili (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilnu grupu, u prisustvu polarnog neprotonskog otapala poput metilen-klorida. Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se na sobnoj temperaturi, u trajanju između približno 1 sat i približno 24 sata, po mogućnosti, približno 12 sati.
U reakciji 2 Dobivanja C spoj formule XXIV prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XXIII reakcijom XXIV s tiofenolom, u prisustvu baze poput natrij-hidrida i polarnog neprotonskog otapala poput dimetilformamida. Reakcijsku smjesu grije se do refluksa u trajanju između približno 1 sat i približno 10 sati, po mogućnosti, približno 4 sata.
U reakciji 3 Dobivanja C spoj formule XXV prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XXXVIII reakcijom XXV s natrij-cijanatom, u prisustvu piridina i polarnog neprotonskog otapala poput acetonitrila. Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se na sobnoj temperaturi, u trajanju između približno 2 sata i približno 18 sati, po mogućnosti, približno 10 sati. Zatim se doda amin formule H2N-C(O)-NR12R19, a Tako dobivenu reakcijsku smjesu miješa na sobnoj temperaturi, u trajanju između približno 2 sata i približno 24 sata, po mogućnosti, približno 8 sati.
U reakciji 4 Dobivanja C spoj formule XXXVIII prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XXXVII postupkom opisanim gore, za reakciju 2 Dobivanja C.
U reakciji 1 Sheme 1 spoj formule XXX prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule X reakcijom XXX sa spojem formule A-(X)C-(Y)d-A, gdje A je klor ili brom, u prisustvu baze poput trietilamina i polarnog neprotonskog otapala poput metilen-klorida. Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se na temperaturi između približno –10 °C i približno 10 °C, u trajanju između približno 15 minuta i približno 90 minuta, po mogućnosti, približno 30 minuta.
U reakciji 2 Sheme 1 spoj formule X prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule I reakcijom X sa spojem formule H-(Z)e-R4, gdje e je 1, a Z je kisik, u prisustvu kalij-karbonata, kalij-jodida i neprotonskog otapala poput butanona. Reakcijsku smjesu grije se do refluksa u trajanju između približno 4 sata i približno 8 sati, po mogućnosti, približno 6 sati.
U reakciji 1 Sheme 2 spoj formule XXX prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule I reakcijom XXX sa spojem formule A-(X)C-(Y)d-(Z)e-R4, gdje A je klor ili brom, u prisustvu baze poput trietilamina i polarnog neprotonskog otapala poput metilen-klorida. Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se na temperaturi između približno –10 °C i približno 10 °C, u trajanju između približno 15 minuta i približno 90 minuta, po mogućnosti, približno 30 minuta.
U reakciji 1 Sheme 3 spoj formule X prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XII postupkom opisanim gore, za reakciju 2 Sheme 1.
U reakciji 2 Sheme 3 spoj formule XII prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XI reakcijom XII s litijhidroksid monohidratom, u prisustvu metanola, tetrahidrofurana i vode. Reakcijsku smjesu preko noći se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi.
U reakciji 3 Sheme 3 spoj formule XI prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule II reakcijom XI s aminom, u prisustvu 4-dimetilaminopiridina, 1-(3-dimetilaminopropil)-3-etilkarbodiimida i polarnog neprotonskog otapala poput metilen-klorida. Dobivenu reakcijsku smjesu preko noći se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi.
U reakciji 1 Sheme 4 spoj formule X prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XV postupkom opisanim gore, za reakciju 2 Sheme 1.
U reakciji 2 Sheme 4 spoj formule XV prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XIV hidrogenacijom XV u prisustvu katalizatora poput platine na ugljiku, u polarnom protonskom otapalu poput etanola. Reakciju se provodi pod tlakom između približno 207 kPa (30 psi) i približno 276 kPa (40 psi), po mogućnosti, približno 241 kPa (35 psi), u trajanju između približno 15 minuta i približno 1 sat, po mogućnosti, približno 30 minuta.
U reakciji 3 Sheme 4, dobivanja uree, spoj formule XIV prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule V, najprije reakcijom XIV s 4-nitrofenil-klorformijatom, u prisustvu baze poput piridina i polarnog neprotonskog otapala poput metilen-klorida, nakon čega slijedi reakcija tako dobivenog međuprodukta s aminom. Tako dobivenu reakcijsku smjesu pusti se neka se preko noći miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Kod dobivanja sulfonamida spoj formule XIV reagira sa sulfonil-kloridnim spojem formule R16-Cl, u prisustvu baze poput trietilamina i polarnog neprotonskog otapala poput metilen-klorida. Reakciju smjesu preko noći se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Kod dobivanja cijanogvanidina spoj formule XIV najprije se obradi natrij-hidridom u neprotonskom otapalu poput tetrahidrofurana, nakon čega slijedi reakcija tako dobivenog međuprodukta s dimetil-N-cijanoditioiminokarbonatom. Tako dobivenu reakcijsku smjesu grije se preko noći na refluksu. Međuprodukt, N-cijano-S-metilizotiourea, zatim reagira s aminom, u prisustvu polarnog protonskog otapala poput metanola. Kod dobivanja amida spoj formule XIV reagira s kiselinom poput 3-tert-butoksikarbonilaminopropionske kiseline, u prisustvu N-metilmorfolina, O-benzotriazol-1-il-N,N,N',N'-tetrametiluronij-heksafluorofosfata, u polarnom neprotonskom otapalu poput metilen-klorida.
U reakciji 1 Sheme 5 spoj formule X prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XVI, gdje k je 0, 1, 2, 3, ili 4, postupkom opisanim gore, za reakciju 2 Sheme 1.
U reakciji 2 Sheme 5 spoj formule XVI prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule VII reakcijom XVI s aminom formule R16R17N, gdje svaki od R16 i R17 neovisno je vodik, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilna ili (C2-C9)heteroarilna grupa s dušikom, ili (C1-C6)alkil izborno supstituiran s hidroksi, aminokarbonilom, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilom, ((C1-C6)alkil)2karbonilom, karboksi, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, aminosulfonilom, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonilom, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonilom, (C6-C10)alkoksi, (C2-C9)heteroarilom, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilom, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, cijano, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido, cijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino i ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino, u prisustvu 10:1 otopine smjese dikloretan/octena kiselina. Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se na sobnoj temperaturi, u trajanju između približno 30 minuta i približno 2 sata, po mogućnosti, približno 1 sat. Zatim se u smjesu doda reducens poput natrij-cijanobor-hidrida, te se reakcijsku smjesu pusti neka se preko noći miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Kada R16 i R17 je/su vodik spoj formule XII može dalje reagirati postupkom opisanim gore, za reakciju 3 Sheme 4, kako bi se dobilo uree, sulfonamide, cijanogvanidine ili amide.
U reakciji 1 Sheme 6 spoj formule X prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XXXIX postupkom opisanim gore, za reakciju 2 Sheme 1.
U reakciji 2 Sheme 6 spoj formule X prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XXXX postupkom opisanim gore, za reakciju 2 Sheme 1.
U reakciji 1 Sheme 7 kiselinski spoj formule XXXVI prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XXXII obradom XXXVI tionil-kloridom, čistim ili u neprotonskom otapalu, na sobnoj temperaturi, u trajanju između približno 1 sat i približno 24 sata, po mogućnosti, približno 1 sat. Nastali kiselinski klorid otopi se u polarnom neprotonskom otapalu sa spojem formule (H3CO)(H3C)NH·HCl, u prisustvu aminske baze poput trietilamina. Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se na sobnoj temperaturi, u trajanju između približno 1 sat i približno 48 sati, po mogućnosti, približno 12 sati.
U reakciji 2 Sheme 7 amidni spoj formule XXXII prevodi se u odgovarajući spoj formule XXXI reakcijom XXXII s (C2-C9)heteroarillitijskim reagensom, u prisustvu polarnog neprotonskog otapala, na temperaturi između približno –100 °C i sobne temperature, po mogućnosti, približno –78 °C. Dobivenu reakcijsku smjesu miješa se između približno 1 sat i približno 24 sata, po mogućnosti, približno 12 sati, na temperaturi između približno –78 °C i približno 50 °C, po mogućnosti, približno 20 °C.
Ukoliko se drugačije ne navede, tlak u svakoj od gore navedenih reakcija nije kritičan. Obično se reakcije provodi pod tlakom između približno 103 kPa (1 atm) i približno 304 kPa (3 atm), po mogućnosti pod atmosferskim tlakom (približno 103 kPa (1 atm)).
Spojevi formule I bazične prirode mogu tvoriti širok raspon različitih soli s različitim anorganskim i organskim kiselinama. Iako takve soli moraju biti farmaceutski prihvatljive prilikom primjene na životinjama, često je u praksi poželjno najprije iz reakcijske smjese izdvojiti spoj formule I u obliku farmaceutski neprihvatljive soli, gdje se potonju jednostavno prevede natrag u slobodni bazični spoj obradom alkalnim reagensom, prevevši zatim slobodnu bazu u farmaceutski prihvatljivu kiselu adicijsku sol. Kisele adicijske soli bazičnih spojeva prema ovom izumu lako se dobije obradom bazičnog spoja uglavnom ekvivalentnom količinom odabrane mineralne ili organske kiseline, u vodenom mediju ili u prikladnom organskom otapalu, poput metanola ili etanola. Nakon pažljivog otparavanja otapala dobije se traženu sol.
Kiseline koje se upotrebljava u dobivanju farmaceutski prihvatljivih kiselih adicijskih soli bazičnih spojeva prema ovom izumu one su koje tvore netoksične kisele adicijske soli, tj. soli koje sadrže farmakološki prihvatljive anione, poput hidrokloridnih, hidrobromidnih, hidrojodidnih, nitratnih, sulfatnih ili bisulfatnih, fosfatnih ili kiselih fosfatnih, acetatnih, laktatnih, citratnih ili kiselih citratnih, tartaratnih ili bitartaratnih, sukcinatnih, maleatnih, fumaratnih, glukonatnih, glukaratnih, benzoatnih, metansulfonatnih i pamoatnih [tj. 1,1'metilen-bis-(2-hidroksi-3-naftoatnih)] soli.
Oni spojevi formule I koji su također kisele prirode mogu tvoriti bazične soli s različitim farmakološki prihvatljivim kationima. Primjeri takvih soli uključuju soli alkalnih metala ili zemnoalkalnih metala, osobito natrijeve i kalijeve soli. Sve ove soli dobije se konvencionalnim tehnikama. Kemijske baze koje se upotrebljava kao reagense u dobivanju farmaceutski prihvatljivih bazičnih soli prema ovom izumu one su koje tvore netoksične bazične soli s kiselim spojevima formule I opisanim u ovoj specifikaciji. Ove netoksične bazične soli uključuju one derivirane iz takvih farmakološki prihvatljivih kationa poput natrijevog, kalijevog, kalcijevog, magnezijevog itd. Te soli može se lako dobiti obradom odgovarajućih kiselih spojeva vodenom otopinom koja sadrži tražene, farmakološki prihvatljive katione, uz otparavanje dobivene otopine do suhog, po mogućnosti pod sniženim tlakom. Alternativno ih se također može dobiti miješanjem otopina kiselih spojeva u nižim alkanolima s alkoksidom traženog alkalnog metala, uz otparavanje dobivene otopine do suhog, na isti način kao ranije. U svakom slučaju, poželjno je upotrebljavati stehiometrijske količine reagensa, kako bi se osiguralo dovršenost reakcije i maksimalne prinose produkata.
Spojevi formule I i njihove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli (niže ih se također skupno navodi kao "aktivne spojeve") potentni su antagonisti receptora CCR1. Ovi aktivni spojevi korisni su u liječenju ili sprječavanju autoimunih bolesti (poput reumatoidnog artritisa, dijabetesa tip I (nedavno započetog), lupusa, upalne bolesti crijeva, optičkog neuritisa, psorijaze, multiple skleroze, reumatične polimialgije, uveitisa i vaskulitisa), akutnih i kroničnih upalnih stanja (poput osteoartritisa, sindroma dišnog distresa u odraslih, sindroma dišnog distresa dojenčeta, ishemično-reperfuzijskih ozljeda i glomerulonefritisa), alergijskih stanja (poput astme i atopičnog dermatitisa), infekcije uz upalu (poput virusne upale (uključujući influencu i hepatitis) i Guillain-Barréovog sindroma), kroničnog bronhitisa; ksenogeničnog presatka: odbacivanja presađenog tkiva (kroničnog i akutnog), odbacivanja presađenog organa (kroničnog i akutnog); ateroskleroze, restenoze, HIV infekcije (upotreba koreceptora) i granulomatoznih bolesti (uključujući sarkoidozu, lepru i tuberkulozu).
Aktivnost spojeva prema ovom izuma može se procijeniti postupcima poznatim stručnjacima u ovom području tehnike. Primjere priznatih postupaka određivanja migracije uzrokovane s CCR1 može se naći u: J.E. Coligan, A.M. Kruisbeek, D.H. Margulies, E.M. Shevach, W. Strober, urednici: "Current Protocols in Immunology", 6.12.1-6.12.3. (John Wiley and Sons, New York, (1991.)). Specifični primjer kako odrediti aktivnosti spojeva u inhibiciji migracije detaljno je opisan niže.
Test kemotaksije
Sposobnost spojeva da inhibiraju kemotaksiju prema različitim kemokinima može se procijeniti pomoću standardnih Boydenovih komora (Boyden Chambers) s 48 ili 96 jažica, s polikarbonatnim filtrom aperture 5 µm. Sve reagense i stanice može dobaviti u standardnom mediju za kulturu tkiva RPMI (BioWhitikker Inc.), uz dodatak 1 mg/ml goveđeg seralbumina. Ukratko, MIP-1α (Peprotech, Inc., P.O. Box 175, Rocky Hill NJ), ili druge ispitivane agoniste, stavi se u donje komore Boydenove komore. Zatim se stavi polikarbonatni filtar, te pričvrsti gornju komoru. Količinu odabranog agonista tako se odredi da osigurava maksimalnu razinu kemotaksije u ovom sustavu (npr. za MIP-1α trebalo bi biti adekvatno 1 nM).
THP-1 stanice (ATCC TIB-202), primarne ljudske monocite, ili primarne limfocite, izolirane standardnim tehnikama može se zatim dodati u gornje komore u triplikatu, zajedno s različitim koncentracijama ispitivanog spoja. Razrjeđenja spojeva dobiva se standardnim serološkim tehnikama, te ih se pomiješa sa stanicama prije dodavanja u komoru.
Nakon odgovarajućeg trajanja inkubacije na 37 °C (npr. 3,5 sati za THP-1 stanice, 90 minuta za primarne monocite), komoru se skine, stanice iz gornjih komora odsiše, gornji dio filtra obriše, a broj stanica koje migriraju može se odrediti sljedećim postupkom.
Za THP-1 stanice komoru (varijantu s 96 jažica, proizvodi Neuroprobe) se može centrifugirati kako bi se istisnulo stanice iz donje komore, a broj stanica se može kvantitativno odrediti na standardnoj krivulji, preko promjene bojila fluorocein-diacetata.
Za primarne ljudske monocite, ili limfocite, filtar se može obojiti bojilom Dif-Quik® (American Scientific Products), a broj migriranih stanica može se odrediti mikroskopski.
Broj stanica koje migriraju u prisustvu spoja podijeli se s brojem stanica koje migriraju u kontrolnim jažicama (bez spoja). Kvocijent je % inhibicije za spoj, što se zatim može grafički prikazati standardnim grafičkim tehnikama, ovisno o koncentraciji upotrijebljenog spoja. Točka s 50 % inhibicije se zatim određuje pomoću analize poklapanja linije, za sve ispitane koncentracije. Koeficijent korelacije poklapanih linija za sve točke rezultata mora iznositi (R na kvadrat) >90 % kako bi se test smatralo valjanim.
IC50 svih spojeva prema ovom izumu ispitanih u testu kemotaksije bio je manji od 25 µM.
Pripravke prema ovom izumu može se formulirati na konvencionalan način, pomoću jedne ili više farmaceutski prihvatljivih podloga. Prema tome, aktivne spojeve prema ovom izumu može se formulirati za oralnu, bukalnu, intranazalnu, parenteralnu (npr. intravensku, intramuskularnu ili supkutanu) ili rektalnu primjenu, ili u obliku prikladnom za primjenu inhalacijom ili insuflacijom. Aktivne spojeve prema ovom izumu također se može formulirati za produljeno otpuštanje.
Prilikom oralne primjene farmaceutski pripravci mogu biti u obliku, primjerice, tableta ili kapsula, načinjenih konvencionalnim načinima, s farmaceutski prihvatljivim pomoćnim sredstvima, poput veziva (npr. predželatiniranog kukuruznog škroba, polivinilpirolidona ili hidroksipropilmetilceluloze); punila (npr. laktoze, mikrokristalne celuloza ili kalcij-fosfata); maziva (npr. magnezij-stearata, talka ili silicij-dioksida); sredstava za raspadanje (npr. krumpirovog škroba ili natrij-karboksimetilškroba); ili sredstava za vlaženje (npr. natrij-lauril-sulfata). Tablete se može obložiti postupcima dobro poznatim u ovom području tehnike. Tekući pripravci za oralnu primjene mogu biti u obliku, primjerice, otopina, sirupa ili suspenzija, ili ih se može primijeniti u obliku suhog proizvoda, za pripravu s vodom ili drugim pogodnim vehikulumom prije upotrebe. Takve tekuće pripravke može se načiniti na konvencionalne načine, s farmaceutski prihvatljivim aditivima, poput sredstava za suspendiranje (npr. sorbitolnog sirupa, metilceluloze ili hidrogeniranih jestivih masti); emulgatora (npr. lecitina ili arapske gume); nevodenih vehikuluma (npr. bademovog ulja, uljnih estera ili etil-alkohola); te konzervansima (npr. metil- ili propil-phidroksibenzoatom ili sorbinskom kiselinom).
Prilikom bukalne primjene pripravak može biti u obliku tableta ili pastila, formuliranih na konvencionalan način.
Aktivne spojeve prema ovom izumu može se formulirati za parenteralnu primjenu injekcijom, uključujući upotrebu konvencionalnih tehnika kateterizacije ili infuzije. Formulacije za injekcije može se primijeniti u obliku jedinice doziranja, npr. u ampulama ili višedoznim posudama, uz dodatak konzervansa. Spojevi mogu biti u obliku suspenzija, otopina ili emulzija u uljnom ili vodenom vehikulumu, a mogu sadržavati sredstva za formuliranje, poput sredstava za suspendiranje, stabiliziranje i/ili dispergiranje. Alternativno aktivni sastojak može biti u obliku praha za pripravu s prikladnim vehikulumom, npr. sterilnom vodom bez pirogena, prije upotrebe.
Aktivne spojeve prema ovom izumu također se može formulirati u reaktalne pripravke, poput supozitorija ili retencijskih klizmi, npr. onih koje sadrže konvencionalne podloge za supozitorije, poput kako-maslaca ili drugih glicerida.
Prilikom intranazalne primjene ili primjene inhalacijom aktivne spojeve prema ovom izumu prikladno se unosi u obliku otopine ili suspenzije iz posude za sprej s pumpicom koju pacijent stiska ili pumpa, ili u obliku aerosolnog spreja iz posude pod tlakom ili nebulizatora, pomoću pogodnog pogonskog plina, npr. diklordifluormetana, triklorfluormetana, diklortetrafluoretana, ugljik-dioksida ili drugog pogodnog plina. U slučaju aerosola pod tlakom jedinicu doziranja može se odrediti pomoću ventila kojim se otpušta odmjerenu količinu. Posuda pod tlakom ili nebulizator može sadržavati otopinu ili suspenziju aktivnog spoja. Kapsule i uloške (načinjene, primjerice, od želatine) za upotrebu u inhalatoru ili insuflatoru, može se formulirati tako da sadrže praškastu smjesu spojeva prema ovom izumu i prikladne praškaste podloge, poput laktoze ili škroba.
Predviđena doza aktivnih spojeva prema ovom izumu prilikom oralne, parenteralne ili bukalne primjene na prosječnom odraslom ljudskom biću, u liječenju gore navedenih stanja (npr. reumatoidnog artritisa) je 0,1-1000 mg aktivnog sastojka po jedinici doziranja, koju se može primijeniti, primjerice, 1-4 puta dnevno.
Aerosolne formulacije za liječenje gore navedenih stanja (npr. reumatoidnog artritisa) kod prosječnog odraslog ljudskog bića, po mogućnosti se podesi tako da svaka odmjerena doza, odnosno "dašak", aerosola, sadrži 20-1000 µg spoja prema ovom izumu. Ukupna dnevna doza aerosola bit će u rasponu od 0,1-1000 mg. Primjenu se može provoditi nekoliko puta dnevno, primjerice 2, 3, 4 ili 8 puta, dajući, primjerice, 1, 2 ili 3 doze svaki put.
Aktivne sastojke može se formulirati za produljeno otpuštanje, postupcima dobro poznatim prosječnim stručnjacima u ovom području tehnike. Primjere takvih formulacija može se naći u US patentima 3,538,214; 4,060,598; 4,173,626; 3,119,742 i 3,492,397.
Spojeve prema ovom izumu također se može upotrijebiti u kombinacijskoj terapiji uz, no bez ograničavanja na druga terapijska sredstva, poput imunosupresiva za T-stanice, poput rapamicina, ciklosporina A, i FK-506, sa sredstvima za uštedu steroida, poput Cellcept®, ili s klasičnim protuupalnim sredstvima (npr. inhibitorima ciklooksigenaze/lipoksigenaze), poput tenidapa, aspirina, acetaminofena, naproksena i piroksikama.
Sljedeći primjeri ilustriraju dobivanje spojeva prema ovom izumu. NMR podatke iznosi se u dijelovima na milijun (�), u odnosu na deuterijski ključni signal iz otapala za uzorak (deuterokloroforma, ukoliko se drugačije ne navede). Komercijalne reagense upotrebljava se bez daljnjeg pročišćavanja. THF se odnosi na tetrahidrofuran. DMF se odnosi na N,N-dimetilformamid. Kromatografija se odnosi na kromatografiju na stupcu, provedenu na silikagelu veličine zrna 32-63 mm, pod tlakom dušika (flash-kromatografija). Spektri masa niske rezolucije (low resolution mass spectra, LRMS) bilježeni su ili na uređaju Hewlett Packard 5989®, pomoću kemijske ionizacije (amonijak), ili uređajem Fisons (ili Micro mass) za kemijsku ionizaciju pod atmosferskim tlakom (atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, APCI), uz upotrebu 50/50 smjese aceton/voda, s 0,1 % mravlje kiseline, kao ionizacijskim sredstvom. Sobna temperatura ili temperatura okoliša odnosi se na 20-25 °C. Sve reakcije koje se ne provodi u vodenom mediju provodi se pogodnosti radi u atmosferi dušika, kako bi se maksimiziralo prinose. Imena spojeva prema ovom izumu kreirana su programom Autonom 2.0 PC-batch verzija, iz Beilstein Infrmationssysteme GmbH (ISBN 3-89536-976-4).
Primjer 1
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(2R,5S)-2-[4-klor-2-(piperazin-1-karbonil)-fenoksi]-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-etanon
Metil-(R)-2-(4-fluorbenzilamino)-propionat
U otopinu hidroklorida metil-(R)-2-aminopropionata (25 g, 179 mmol) i 4-fluorbenzaldehida (23 ml, 215 mmol) u 1,2-dikloretanu (200 ml) doda se trietilamin (25 ml, 179 mmol). Dobivenu smjesu 2 sata se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi, zatim se u četiri obroka doda natrij-acetoksibor-hidrid (57 g, 268 mmol). Dobivenu smjesu preko noći se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Reakcijsku smjesu neutralizira se razrijeđenom vodenom otopinom natrij-hidroksida, zatim ekstrahira diklormetanom (2 ×). Organske slojeve prikupi se zajedno, osuši preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu. Kromatografijom na silikagelu dobije se naslovni spoj (34,4 g, prinos 91 %).
Metil-(2R,5S)-2-[(2-tert-butoksikarbonilaminopropionil)-(4-fluorbenzil)-amino]-propionat
U otopinu (R)-2-tert-butoksikarbonilaminopropionske kiseline (37 g, 195 mmol) u suhom tetrahidrofuranu (250 ml), na 0 °C, doda se 4-metilmorfolin (21,5 ml, 195 mmol), zatim izobutil-klorformijat (25,3 ml, 195 mmol). Reakcijsku smjesu pusti se neka se zagrije na temperaturu okoliša, zatim miješa 2 sata. Zatim se doda metil-(S)-2-(4-fluorbenzilamino)-propionat (34,4 g, 162 mmol). Dobivenu smjesu preko noći se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Reakcijsku smjesu filtrira se kroz jastučić od celita, a filtarski kolač ispere etil-acetatom. Filtrat se koncentrira u vakuumu, razrijedi etil-acetatom i ispere vodom i slanom vodom. Organsku fazu osuši se preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu. Kromatografijom na silicij-dioksidu dobije se naslovni spoj (43,2 g, prinos 70 %).
(2R,5S)-1-(4-fluorbenzil)-3,6-dimetilpiperazin-2,5-dion
U otopinu metil-(2R,5S)-2-[(2-tert-butoksikarbonilaminopropionil)-(4-fluorbenzil)-amino]-propionata (43 g, 382 mmol) u diklormetanu (120 ml), na 0 °C, doda se trifluoroctena kiselina (60 ml). Reakcijsku smjesu pusti se neka se zagrije na temperaturu okoliša, zatim miješa 2 sata. Reakcijsku smjesu ohladi se na 0 °C, zatim polako ugasi dodavanjem 3 N vodene otopine natrij-hidroksida, do zaluženja. Dobivenu smjesu ekstrahira se diklormetanom (2 ×). Prikupljene organske faze osuši se preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu kako bi se dobilo naslovni spoj (22 g, prinos 78 %).
(2R,5S)-1-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin
U otopinu (2R,5S)-1-(4-fluorbenzil)-3,6-dimetilpiperazin-2,5-diona (22 g, 87,9 mmol) u suhom tetrahidrofuranu (160 ml), na 0 °C, 40 minuta se ukapava otopina litij-aluminij-hidrida (1 M u tetrahidrofuranu, 373 ml, 373 mmol). Zatim se reakcijsku smjesu refluksira 4 sata, ohladi na temperaturu okoliša i polako ugasi vodom. Dobivenu smjesu filtrira se kroz jastučić od celita, a filtarski kolač ispere etil-acetatom. Filtrat se zatim koncentrira, razrijedi etil-acetatom i ispere zasićenom vodenom otopinom natrij-hidrogenkarbonata. Organski sloj se odvoji, osuši preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu kako bi se dobilo naslovni spoj (17,7 g, prinos 91 %).
(2R,5S)-2-klor-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-etanon
U otopinu (2R,5S)-1-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazina (2,5 g, 11,25 mmol) u suhom diklormetanu (11 ml), na 0 °C, doda se trietilamin (1,57 ml, 11,2 mmol), zatim kloracetil-klorid (0,858 ml, 11,2 mmol). Dobivenu reakcijsku smjesu miješa se 30 minuta. Zatim se reakcijsku smjesu filtrira kroz jastučić od celita, ispere diklormetanom, a dobiveni filtrat koncentrira kako bi se dobilo žuto ulje. Kromatografijom na silikagelu dobije se naslovni spoj (2,84 g, prinos 86 %).
Metil-(2R,5S)-5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzoat
U otopinu (2R,5S)-2-klor-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-etanona (2,75 g, 9,2 mmol) u butanonu (50 ml), doda se metil-5-klor-2-hidroksibenzoat (1,55 g, 9,2 mmol), kalij-karbonat (2,54 g, 18,4 mmol) i kalijjodid (1,52 g, 9,2 mmol). Dobivenu smjesu 6 sati se miješa na refluksu. Reakcijsku smjesu se zatim ohladi, razrijedi etil-acetatom i ispere slanom vodom. Organsku fazu osuši se preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu kako bi se dobilo narančasto ulje. Kromatografijom na silikagelu dobije se naslovni spoj (4,1 g, prinos 100 %).
(2R,5S)-5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzojeva kiselina
U otopinu metil-(2R,5S)-5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzoata (4,12 g, 9,18 mmol) u tetrahidrofuranu (10 ml), metanolu (10 ml) i vodi (4 ml), doda se litij-hidroksid monohidrat (1,93 g, 45,9 mmol). Dobivenu smjesu preko noći se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Reakcijsku smjesu zatim se koncentrira, razrijedi 1 N klorovodičnom kiselinom i ekstrahira diklormetanom (2 ×). Organske slojeve prikupi se zajedno, osuši preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira kako bi se dobilo bijelu pjenu. Trituracijom u diklormetanu i dietil-eteru dobije se naslovni spoj (1,38 g, prinos 35 %).
tert-butil-(2R,5S)-4-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzoil)-piperazin-1-karboksilat
U otopinu tert-butil-(2R,5S)-5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzoil)-piperazin-1-karboksilata (0,110 g, 0,182 mmol) u dikloretanu (10 ml), doda se trifluoroctena kiselina (5 ml). Reakcijsku smjesu 2 sata se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Zatim se reakcijsku smjesu razrijedi diklormetanom i ispere 1 N vodenom otopinom natrij-hidroksida. Organske slojeve osuši se preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira kako bi se dobilo naslovni spoj (0,080 g, prinos 87 %).
Naslovne spojeve iz Primjera 2-12 dobije se postupkom analognim onom opisanom u Primjeru 1.
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Primjer 13
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(2R)-3-amino-N-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-propionamid
tert-butil-[2-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenilkarbamoil)-etil]-karbamat
U otopinu 2-(2-amino-4-klorfenoksi)-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-etanona (0,066 g, 0,17 mmol) u metilen-kloridu (2 ml), na sobnoj temperaturi, doda se N-metilmorfolin (0,025 ml, 0,23 mmol), 3tertbutoksikarbonilaminopropionsku kiselinu (0,044 g, 0,23 mmol) i O-benzotriazol-1-il-N,N,N',N'-tetrametiluronij-heksafluorofosfat (0,076 g, 0,20 mmol). Dobivenu otopinu 60 sati se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi, a zatim koncentrira. Radijalnom kromatografijom (ploča od 2 mm) dobije se naslovni spoj (0,114 g).
(2R)-3-amino-N-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-propionamid
U otopinu tert-butil-[2-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenilkarbamoil)-etil]-karbamata (0,110 g, 0,2 mmol) u metilen-kloridu (3 ml), doda se trifluoroctena kiselina (0,50 ml). Reakcijsku smjesu 2 sata se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi, a zatim razrijedi zasićenom vodenom otopinom natrijhidrogenkarbonata. Smjesu se ekstrahira metilen-kloridom, a prikupljene organske faze osuši preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu kako bi se dobilo naslovni spoj (0,069 g).
Naslovne spojeve iz Primjera 14-19 dobije se postupkom analognim onom opisanom u Primjeru 13.
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Primjer 20
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(2R,5S)-1-(2-aminoetil)-3-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-urea
(2R,5S)-2-(4-klor-2-nitrofenoksi)-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-etanon
U otopinu metil-(2R,5S)-5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzoata (1,0 g, 3,35 mmol) u butanonu (35 ml) doda se 2-nitro-4-klorfenol (0,639 g, 3,69 mmol), kalij-karbonat (0,925 g, 6,7 mmol) i kalij-jodid (0,556 g, 3,35 mmol). Reakcijsku smjesu preko noći se grije na refluksu. Reakcijsku smjesu se zatim ohladi, razrijedi vodom i ekstrahira etil-acetatom. Prikupljene organske faze osuši se preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira kako bi se dobilo narančasto ulje. Kromatografijom na silikagelu dobije se naslovni spoj (1,35 g, prinos 93 %).
(2R,5S)-2-(2-amino-4-klorfenoksi)-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-etanon
U otopinu (2R,5S)-2-(4-klor-2-nitrofenoksi)-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-etanona (2,2 g, 5,05 mmol) u etanolu (50 ml), u Parrovoj boci, doda se 5 % platinu na ugljiku (2,2 g). Reakcijsku smjesu 30 minuta se podvrgne plinovitom vodiku (241 kPa (35 psi)). Reakcijsku smjesu filtrira se kroz celit, zatim ispere etanolom. Filtrat se koncentrira kako bi se dobilo žuto-smeđu pjenu. Kromatografijom na silikagelu dobije se naslovni spoj (1,42 g, prinos 70 %).
4-nitrofenil-(2R,5S)-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-karbamat
U otopinu (2R,5S)-2-(2-amino-4-klorfenoksi)-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-etanona (0,150 g, 0,37 mmol) u diklormetanu (7 ml), doda se piridin (0,066 ml, 0,82 mmol), a zatim 4-nitrofenil-klorformijat (0,075 g, 0,41 mmol). Reakcijsku smjesu se 3,5 sati miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Reakcijsku smjesu se koncentrira, a zatim kromatografira na silikagelu kako bi se dobilo naslovni spoj (0,153 g, prinos 74 %).
(2R,5S)-1-(2-aminoetil)-3-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-urea
U otopinu 4-nitrofenil-(2R,5S)-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-karbamata (0,206 g, 0,37 mmol) u suhom metanolu (6 ml) doda se etilendiamin (0,05 ml, 0,814 mmol). Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se preko noći na sobnoj temperaturi. Reakcijsku smjesu se koncentrira, zatim kromatografira na silikagelu kako bi se dobilo naslovni spoj (0,115 g, prinos 63 %).
Naslovne spojeve iz Primjera 21-27 dobije se postupkom analognim onom opisanom u Primjeru 20.
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Primjer 28
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(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-amid (2R)-2-aminoetansulfonske kiseline
(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-amid 2-(1,3-diokso-1,3-dihidroizoindol-2-il)-etansulfonske kiseline
U otopinu 2-(2-amino-4-klorfenoksi)-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-etanona (0,050 g, 0,13 mmol) u metilen-kloridu (1 ml), na sobnoj temperaturi, doda se trietilamin (0,027 ml, 0,19 mmol) i 2-(1,3-diokso-1,3dihidroizoindol-2-il)-etansulfonil-klorid (0,045 g, 0,17 mmol). Reakciju smjesu preko noći se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Doda se još trietilamina (0,027 ml, 0,19 mmol) i 2-(1,3-diokso-1,3-dihidroizoindol-2-il)-etansulfonil-klorida (0,045 g, 0,17 mmol). Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se 1 sat, zatim se doda još trietilamina (0,055 ml, 0,34 mmol). Reakcijsku smjesu miješa se 1 sat, zatim se doda još 2-(1,3-diokso-1,3-dihidroizoindol-2-il)-etansulfonil-klorida (0,090 g, 0,34 mmol). Nakon još 1 sata miješanja reakcijsku smjesu se obradi zasićenom vodenom otopinom natrij-hidrogenkarbonata, zatim ekstrahira metilen-kloridom (3 ×). Prikupljene organske faze osuši se preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu. Pročišćavanjem radijalnom kromatografijom (ploča od 2 mm) dobije se naslovni spoj (0,030 g).
(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-amid (2R)-2-aminoetansulfonske kiseline
U otopinu (5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-amida 2-(2,3-diokso-1,3-dihidroizoindol-2-il)-etansulfonske kiseline (0,030 g, 0,048 mmol) u EtOH (1 ml), na sobnoj temperaturi, doda se hidrazin hidrat (0,025 ml). Reakciju smjesu preko noći se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi, zatim razrijedi vodom, zatim ekstrahira metilen-kloridom (2 ×). Prikupljene organske faze ispere se zasićenom slanom vodom i osuši preko natrij-sulfata, zatim filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu. Pročišćavanjem radijalnom kromatografijom (ploča od 2 mm) dobije se naslovni spoj (0,014 g).
Naslovne spojeve iz Primjera 29-34 dobije se postupkom analognim onom opisanom u Primjeru 28.
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Primjer 35
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(2R)-N-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-cijanogvanidin
1-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-N-cijano-S-metilizotiourea
U otopinu 2-(2-amino-4-klorfenoksi)-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-etanona (0,30 g, 0,77 mmol) u tetrahidrofuranu (5 ml), na sobnoj temperaturi, doda se natrij-hidrid (0,029 g, 1,22 mmol), zatim se reakcijsku smjesu miješa 30 minuta. U navedenu se doda S,S-1-dimetil-N-cijanoditioiminokarbonat (0,168 g, 1,15 mmol), zatim se smjesu preko noći miješa na refluksu. Reakcijsku smjesu se ohladi, zatim obradi zasićenim amonijkloridom u vodi. Smjesu se ekstrahira s EtOAc, a prikupljene organske faze osuši preko Na2SO4, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu. Kromatografijom na silikagelu dobije se naslovni spoj (0,350 g).
(2R)-N-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-cijanogvanidin
U otopinu 1-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-fenil)-N-cijano-S-metil-izotiouree (0,045 g, 0,092 mmol) u EtOH (1 ml) doda se amonij-hidroksid (0,100 ml), zatim se dobivenu otopinu preko noći mućka na 60 °C. Sirovu reakcijsku smjesu izravno se pročisti radijalnom kromatografijom (ploča od 2 mm), kako bi se dobilo naslovni spoj (0,027 g).
Naslovne spojeve iz Primjera 36-38 dobije se postupkom analognim onom opisanim u Primjeru 35.
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Primjer 39
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(2R,5S)-2-{4-klor-2-[(2-dietilaminoetilamino)-metil]-fenoksi}-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1il]-etanon
(2R,5S)-5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzaldehid
U otopinu 2-klor-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-etanona (2,87 g, 9,6 mmol) u DMF-u (20 ml) doda se 5-klorsalicilaldehid (1,65 g, 10,5 mmol), kalij-karbonat (2,64 g, 19,2 mmol) i kalij-jodid (1,59 g, 9,6 mmol). Dobivenu smjesu 12 sati se grije na 100 °C. Reakcijsku smjesu se ohladi, razrijedi zasićenom slanom vodom, zatim ekstrahira etil-acetatom (3 ×). Prikupljene organske faze osuši se preko magnezij-sulfata i filtrira. Filtrat se koncentrira u vakuumu kako bi se dobilo sirovi produkt. Pročišćavanjem kromatografijom na silikagelu (15 % EtOAc/heksani) dobije se naslovni spoj (3,40 g, prinos 85 %).
(2R,5S)-2-{4-klor-2-[(2-dietilaminoetilamino)-metil]-fenoksi}-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-etanon
U otopinu (2R,5S)-5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzaldehida (0,100 g, 0,25 mmol) u 10:1 smjesi dikloretan:octena kiselina (2,2 ml) doda se (dietilamino)etilamin (0,088 ml, 0,625 mmol), zatim se dobivenu otopinu 1 sat miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. U navedenu se doda natrij-cijanobor-hidrid (0,0094 g, 0,15 mmol), zatim se reakcijsku smjesu preko noći miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Po završetku se doda voda, a smjesu zaluži krutim natrij-bikarbonatom (pH > 10). Produkt se ekstrahira diklormetanom (2 ×) i dietileterom (2 ×). Prikupljene organske faze osuši se preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu. Kromatografijom na silikagelu dobije se naslovni spoj (0,039 g, × prinos 30 %).
Naslovne spojeve iz Primjera 40-62 dobije se postupkom analognim onom opisanom u Primjeru 39.
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Primjer 63
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N-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzil)-2-dietilaminoacetamid
(2R,5S)-2-(2-aminometil-4-klorfenoksi)-1-{4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-etanon
U otopinu (2R,5S)-5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzaldehida (1,86 g, 4,44 mmol) u MeOH (20 ml) doda se amonij-acetat (3,42 g, 44 mmol) i natrij-cijanobor-hidrid (0,195 g, 3,1 mmol). Dobivenu smjesu preko noći se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Reakcijsku smjesu ugasi se koncentriranom klorovodičnom kiselinom, zatim koncentrira u vakuumu. Ostatak se otopi u vodi, zaluži 3 N vodenom otopinom NaOH (pH > 10). Produkt se ekstrahira diklormetanom (2 ×) i etil-acetatom (2 ×). Prikupljene organske faze osuši se preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu. Kromatografijom na silikagelu dobije se naslovni spoj (1,29 g, prinos 69 %).
N-(5-klor-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzil)-2-dietilaminoacetamid
U otopinu N,N-dimetilglicina (0,014 g, 0,13 mmol) i (2R,5S)-2-(2-aminometil-4-klorfenoksi)-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-etanona (0,063 g, 0,15 mmol) u diklormetanu (2 ml), doda se 1-(3-dimetilaminopropil)-3-etilkarbodiimid (0,034 g, 0,18 mmol), 1-hidroksibenzotriazol (0,021 g, 0,15 mmol) i trietilamin (0,036 ml, 0,36 mmol). Nakon što 48 sati miješanja reakcijske smjese otopinu se razrijedi zasićenom vodenom otopinom natrij-bikarbonata, zatim ekstrahira diklormetanom (3 ×). Prikupljene organske faze osuši se preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu. Kromatografijom na silikagelu dobije se naslovni spoj (0,063 g, 80 %).
Naslovne spojeve iz Primjera 64-85 dobije se postupkom analognim onom opisanom u Primjeru 63.
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Primjer 86
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(2R,5S)-(N-{2-[3-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzil)-ureido]-etil}-acetamid
U otopinu (2R,5S)-5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzamina (0,200 g, 0,477 mmol) u metilen-kloridu (10 ml) doda se piridin (0,077 ml, 0,954 mmol) i 4-nitrofenil-klorformijat (0,097 g, 0,525 mmol). Dobivenu smjesu 1 sat se miješa na sobnoj temperaturi, a zatim koncentrira u vakuumu. Ostatak (0,055 g, 0,094 mmol) otopi se u metanolu (1 ml), doda se N-acetiletilendiamin (0,019 ml, 0,188 mmol), zatim se reakcijsku smjesu preko noći miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Reakcijsku smjesu koncentrira se u vakuumu i kromatografira na silikagelu kako bi se dobilo naslovni spoj (0,019 g, 27 %).
Naslovne spojeve iz Primjera 87-90 dobije se postupkom analognim onom opisanom u Primjeru 86.
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Primjer 91
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5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzilamid (2R,5S)-2-aminoetansulfonske kiseline
5-klor-2-{2-[4-(fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzilamid (2R,5S)-2-(1,3-diokso-1,3-dihidroizoindol-2-il)-etansulfonske kiseline
U otopinu (2R,5S)-5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzilamina (0,060 g, 0,143 mmol) u metilen-kloridu (3 ml) doda se 2-(1,3-diokso-1,3-dihidroizoindol-2-il)-etansulfonil-klorid (0,043 g, 0,150 mmol) i trietilamin (0,060 ml, 0,43 mmol), zatim se otopinu 1 sat miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Reakcijsku smjesu razrijedi se zasićenom vodenom otopinom natrij-hidrogenkarbonata i ekstrahira metilenkloridom. Prikupljene organske faze osuši se preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu. Kromatografijom na silikagelu dobije se naslovni spoj (0,073 g, 77 %).
5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzilamid (2R,5S)-2-aminoetansulfonske kiseline
U otopinu 5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzilamida (2R,5S)-2-(1,3-diokso-1,3-dihidroizoindol-2-il)-etansulfonske kiseline (0,073 g, 0,111 mmol) u EtOH (1 ml) doda se hidrazin (35 % vodena otopina, 0,25 ml, 2,73 mmol), zatim se otopinu preko noći miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Reakcijsku smjesu filtrira se kroz staklenu fritu i ispere s EtOH. Filtrat se koncentrira u vakuumu kako bi se dobilo naslovni spoj (0,056 g, 96 %).
Naslovne spojeve iz Primjera 92-93 dobije se postupkom analognim onom opisanom u Primjeru 91.
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Primjer 94
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(2R)-N-(2-aminoetil)-N'-(5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-benzil)-cijanogvanidin
Otopinu 2-(2-aminometil-4-klorfenoksi)-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2-metilpiperazin-1-il]-etanona (0,025 g, 0,062 mmol) i difenil-cijanokarbonimidata (0,016 g, 0,068 mmol) u etanolu (1 ml) grije se na 60 °C, na tresilici. Nakon 22 sata doda se etilendiamin (0,008 ml, 0,123 mmol), a dobivenu otopinu još 12 sati grije na 60 °C, na tresilici. Otopinu se ohladi na temperaturu okoliša, koncentrira i pročisti radijalnom kromatografijom kako bi se dobilo naslovni spoj (0,021 g, 67 %).
Naslovne spojeve iz Primjera 95-96 dobije se postupkom analognim onom opisanom u Primjeru 94.
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Primjer 97
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(2R,5S)-5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-N-metilbenzensulfonamid
5-klor-2-metoksi-N-metilbenzensulfonamid
Otopinu 5-klor-2-metoksibenzensulfonil-klorida (1,0 g, 4,15 mmol) u tetrahidrofuranu (8 ml) barbotira se plinovitim metilaminom do zasićenja. Reakcijsku smjesu hermetički se zatvori pregradama, zatim preko noći miješa na sobnoj temperaturi. Reakcijsku smjesu zatim se koncentrira, triturira u diklormetanu i eteru, filtrira i osuši kako bi se dobilo gore navedeni naslovni spoj (1,05 g, >100 %), u obliku bijele krutine.
5-klor-2-hidroksi-N-metilbenzensulfonamid
U otopinu natrij-hidrida (60 % u mineralnom ulju, 90,24 mg, 2,25 mmol) u suhom dimetilformamidu, ukapava se tiofenol (0,225 ml, 2,25 mmol). Navedenom se zatim doda 5-klor-2-metoksi-N-metilbenzensulfonamid (531 mg, 2,25 mmol), nakon čega slijedi 4 sata refluksiranja. Reakcijsku smjesu se ohladi, razrijedi etil-acetatom i ispere 1 N otopinom sumporne kiseline. Organski sloj se odvoji, osuši preko magnezij-sulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu. Kromatografijom na silikagelu dobije se gore navedeni naslovni spoj (320 mg, 53 % prinos).
(2R,5S)-5-klor-2-{2-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-2-oksoetoksi}-N-metilbenzensulfonamid
U otopinu (2R,5S)-2-klor-1-[4-(4-fluorbenzil)-2,5-dimetilpiperazin-1-il]-etanona (375 mg, 1,26 mmol) u butanonu (12 ml) doda se 5-klor-2-hidroksi-N-metilbenzensulfonamid (280 mg, 1,26 mmol), kalij-karbonat (348 mg, 2,52 mmol) i kalij-jodid (209 mg, 1,26 mmol). Dobivenu reakcijsku smjesu refluksira se 4 sata. Pusti je se neka se ohladi, razrijedi etil-acetatom i ispere slanom vodom. Organski sloj se odvoji, osuši preko magnezijsulfata, filtrira i koncentrira u vakuumu. Kromatografijom na silikagelu dobije se gore navedeni naslovni spoj (320 mg, 53 % prinos).
Naslovne spojeve iz Primjera 98-100 dobije se postupkom analognim onom opisanom u Primjeru 97.
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Claims (13)
1. Spoj formule
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ili njegova farmaceutski prihvatljiva sol, naznačen time što
a je 1, 2, 3, 4 ili 5;
b je 0, 1, 2, 3 ili 4;
c je 0 ili 1;
d je 1, 2, 3, 4 ili 5;
e je 0 ili 1;
j je 1, 2, 3 ili 4;
X je C(O), C(S) ili CH2;
Y je CH2, ili ako e je 0, Y je CHR8, gdje R8 je vodik, (C6-C10)aril ili NR9R10;
Z je kisik, NR9 ili CR11R12;
svaki R1 neovisno se bira između vodika, hidroksi, hidroksisulfonila, halogena, (C1-C6)alkila, merkapto, merkapto(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkiltio, (C1-C6)alkilsulfinila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonila, (C1-C6)alkiltio(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfinil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi, (C6-C10)ariloksi, halogen(C1-C6)alkila, trifluormetila, formila, formil(C1-C6)alkila, nitro, nitrozo, cijano, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksi, halogen(C1-C6)alkoksi, trifluormetoksi, (C3-C7)cikloalkila, (C3-C7)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C3-C7)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C7)cikloalkilamino, (C3-C7)cikloalkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C3-C7)cikloalkil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, ((C3-C7)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, cijano(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C7)alkenila, (C2-C7)alkinila, (C6-C10)arila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C2-C6)alkenila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkiltio(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkenila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkinila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)ariloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkila, amino, (C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino, (C6-C10)arilamino, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)(C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil)(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, karboksi, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, karboksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, amidino, gvanidino, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido, ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkila, (C2-C9)heteroarila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila i (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkila;
svakog od R2 i R3 neovisno se bira između okso, halogena, (C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C8)cikloalkila, (C3-C8)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C8)cikloalkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C8)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, halogen(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C6)alkenila, (C2-C6)alkinila, (C6-C10)arila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C2-C6)alkenila, H-C(O)-, H-C(O)-(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkenila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkinila, hidroksi(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C3-C8)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, tio(C1-C6)alkila, cijano(C1-C6)alkila, halogen(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)ariloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkiltio(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfinil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonil(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkiltio(C1-C6)alkila, amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, azido(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)ariloksi(C1-C6)alkilkarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, karboksi, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, aminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, karboksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilsulfonila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkila, (C2-C9)heteroarila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkila ili R14R15N(C1-C6)alkila, gdje svaki od R14 i R15 neovisno je (C1-C6)alkil ili (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil;
R4 je (R5)f(R6)g(C6-C10)aril, (R5)f(R6)g(C3-C10)cikloalkil, (R5)f(R7)h(C2-C9)heteroaril ili (R5)f(R7)h(C2-C9)heterocikloalkil, gdje
f je 1, 2, 3 ili 4;
svaki od g i h neovisno je 0, 1, 2 ili 3;
R5 je jedna do tri grupe koje se neovisno bira između (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilkarbonila, (C2-C9)heteroarilkarbonila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, halogen(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilureido, amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilureido, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, halogen(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, aminosulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, cijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilcijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heteroarilcijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, amino(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijano(C1-C6)alkilaminoalkila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ureido(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijano(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, amino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ureido(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, halogen(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, aminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(cijanogvanidino)amino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, amino(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkila, aminosulfonila, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilsulfonila, amino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C2-C9)heteroarilaminosulfonila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilaminosulfonila,
R6 je jedna do tri grupe koje se neovisno bira između vodika, hidroksi, hidroksisulfonila, halogena, (C1-C6)alkila, merkapto, merkapto(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkiltio, (C1-C6)alkilsulfinila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonila, (C6-C10)arilsulfonila, (C1-C6)alkiltio(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfinil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkoksi, (C6-C10)ariloksi, halogen(C1-C6)alkila, trifluor(C1-C6)alkila, formila, formil(C1-C6)alkila, nitro, nitrozo, cijano, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksi, halogen(C1-C6)alkoksi, trifluor(C1-C6)alkoksi, amino(C1-C6)alkoksi, (C3-C10)cikloalkila, (C3-C10)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C3-C10)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C10)cikloalkilamino, (C3-C10)cikloalkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, cijano(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C6)alkenila, (C2-C6)alkinila, (C6-C10)arila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C2-C6)alkenila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkila, (hidroksi)(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkilamino)(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkiltio(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkenila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkenila, hidroksi(C2-C6)alkinila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, ariloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkila, amino, (C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino, (C6-C10)arilamino, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilamino, (C2-C9)heteroarilamino, (C3-C10)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, (C2-C6)alkenilkarbonilamino, (C3-C10)cikloalkilkarbonilamino, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilkarbonilamino, halogen(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C10)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkilsulfonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C6-C10)arilsulfonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroarilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarboniloksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, aminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, (aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil)aminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil)aminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkil)aminokarbonila, (amino(C1-C6)alkil)aminokarbonila, (hidroksi(C1-C6)alkil)aminokarbonila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, amidino, hidroksiamidino, gvanidino, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilureido, (C6-C10)arilureido, ((C6-C10)aril)2ureido, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilureido, halogen(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)((C6-C10)aril)ureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido, halogen(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilureido, ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilureido(C1-C6)alkila, ((C6-C10)aril)2ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, halogen(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, (halogen(C1-C6)alkil)((C1-C6)alkil)ureido(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkil)ureido(C1-C6)alkila, glicinamido, (C1-C6)alkilglicinamido, aminokarbonilglicinamido, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilglicinamido, (aminokarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)glicinamido, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilglicinamido, ((C6-C10)arilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, ((C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil)glicinamido, ((C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonilglicinamido, ((C6-C10)arilaminokarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)glicinamido, glicinamido(C1-C6)alkil, alaninamido, (C1-C6)alkilalaninamido, alaninamido(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroarila, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkila i (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila;
R7 je jedna do tri grupe koje se neovisno bira između vodika, hidroksi, halogena, (C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonila, (C6-C10)arilsulfonila, (C1-C6)alkoksi, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkoksi, halogen(C1-C6)alkila, formila, nitro, cijano, halogen(C1-C6)alkoksi, (C2-C6)alkenila, (C2-C6)alkinila, (C6-C10)arila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkila, amino, (C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino, (C6-C10)arilamino, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilamino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, (C2-C6)alkenilkarbonilamino, cikloalkilkarbonilamino, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilamino, halogen(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, ((C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkoksikarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, (C6-C10)arilkarbonila, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonila, aminokarbonila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonila, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkila, (C6-C10)arilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil, gvanidino, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilureido, ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila i glicinamido;
svakog od R9 i R10 neovisno se bira iz grupe koju čine vodik, (C1-C6)alkil, (C6-C10)aril, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkil, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil(C1-C6)alkil, aminokarbonil, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil i (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil; i
svakog od R11 i R12 neovisno se bira iz grupe koju čine vodik, (C1-C6)alkil, (C6-C10)aril, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkil, hidroksi, (C1-C6)alkoksi, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkil, amino, (C1-C6)alkilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C3-C8)cikloalkilkarbonilamino, (C3-C8)cikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C6-C10)arilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C3-C8)cikloalkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C6-C10)aril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heteroarilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C6-C10)arilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, aminokarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, halogen(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonilamino, aminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, halogen(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, amino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkil, karboksi(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkil, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil i (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkil.
2. Spoj prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što R1 je vodik, halogen, cijano, nitro, trifluormetil, trifluormetoksi, (C1-C6)alkil, hidroksi ili (C1-C6)alkilkarboniloksi.
3. Spoj prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što svaki od R2 i R3 se neovisno bira između (C1-C6)alkila, (C3-C8)cikloalkila, amino(C1-C6)alkila, amino(C3-C8)cikloalkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C3-C8)cikloalkila, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkila, ureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkila, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkila ili (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkila.
4. Spoj prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što c je 1; X je C(O) ili CH2; d je 2; Y je etilen; a e je 0.
5. Spoj prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što c je 1; X je C(O) ili CH2; d je 1 ili 2; Y je CH2 ili etilen; e je 1; a Z je kisik ili NR9, gdje R9 je vodik ili (C1-C6)alkil.
6. Spoj prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što c je 1; X je C(O) ili CH2; d je 1; Y je CHR8, gdje R8 je NR9R10; gdje svaki od R9 i R10 neovisno je vodik, (C1-C6)alkil ili (C1-C6)alkilkarbonil; e je 1; a Z se bira iz grupe koju čine kisik, CR11R12, gdje R11 i R12 su vodik, i NR9, gdje R9 je vodik ili (C1-C6)alkil.
7. Spoj prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što R4 je (R5)f(R6)g(C6-C10)aril ili (R5)f(R7)h(C2-C9)heteroaril, gdje f, g i h neovisno su 1 ili 2.
8. Spoj prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što R5 bira iz grupe koju čine (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilkarbonil, (C2-C9)heteroarilkarbonil, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, halogen(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilureido, aminosulfonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, (C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilureido, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilureido, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilureido, amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilcijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, aminosulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonilamino, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonilamino, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, amino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilkarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkil(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ureido(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkil, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkil, amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, acetilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (acetil)((C1-C6)alkil)amino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkil(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2(cijanogvanidino)(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, aminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C1-C6)alkilureido(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2ureido(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkiloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C2-C9)heteroariloksikarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, aminokarbonil(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, cijanogvanidino(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C2-C9)heteroaril(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C2-C9)heterocikloalkilaminosulfonil, halogen(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonil(C1-C6)alkilamino(C1-C6)alkil, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilaminokarbonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, halogen(C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino(C1-C6)alkil, aminosulfonil, (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, ((C1-C6)alkil)2aminosulfonil, hidroksi(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil i (C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil, (C1-C6)alkoksi(C1-C6)alkilaminosulfonil.
9. Spoj prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time što svaki od R6 i R7 neovisno je halogen, (C1-C6)alkil, (C1-C6)alkoksi, trifluormetil, trifluormetoksi, hidroksi, aminokarbonil, cijano, ureido, (C1-C6)alkilsulfonilamino, (C1-C6)alkoksikarbonilamino ili glicinamido.
10. Farmaceutski pripravak za liječenje ili sprječavanje poremećaja ili stanja kojeg se bira između autoimunih bolesti: reumatoidnog artritisa, dijabetesa tip I (nedavno započetog), lupusa, upalne bolesti crijeva, optičkog neuritisa, psorijaze, multiple skleroze, reumatične polimialgije, uveitisa i vaskulitisa; akutnih i kroničnih upalnih stanja: osteoartritisa, sindroma dišnog distresa u odraslih, sindroma dišnog distresa dojenčeta, ishemično-reperfuzijskih ozljeda, glomerulonefritisa i kronične opstruktivne plućne bolesti (COPD); alergijskih stanja: astme, atopičnog dermatitisa; upale povezane s infekcijom, virusne upale: influence i hepatitisa, te Guillain-Barréovog sindroma; kroničnog bronhitisa; kroničnog ili akutnog odbacivanja tkiva, stanica i čvrstih organa; ksenogeničnog presatka, ateroskleroze, restenoze, HIV infekcije (upotreba koreceptora); i granulomatoznih bolesti: sarkoidoze, lepre i tuberkuloze; te posljedica raka: multiplih mijeloma; ograničavanju proizvodnje citokina i/ili TNF-a na mjestima upale, kao posljedice pada stanične infiltracije; liječenju bolesti i/ili kongestivne insuficijencije srca, povezanih s TNF-om i IL-1, te liječenju emfizema pluća ili dispneje povezane s njima, kao i emfizema; HIV-1, HIV-2, HIV-3; citomegalovirusa (CMV), adenovirusa, herpes virusa (Herpes zoster i Herpes simplex); liječenju posljedica infekcije, gdje takva infekcija uzrokuje proizvodnju štetnih upalnih citokina i/ili TNF: npr. gljivičnog meningitisa, oštećenja zglobnog tkiva, hiperplazija, stvaranja panusa i resorpcije kostiju, psorijatičnog artritisa, jetrene insuficijencije, bakterijskog meningitisa, Kawasakijevog sindroma, infarkta miokarda, akutne jetrene insuficijencije, lajmske bolesti, septičnog šoka, raka, ozljede i malarije, kod sisavca, naznačen time što sadrži količinu spoja prema zahtjevu 1, ili njegove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli ili predlijeka, djelotvornu u liječenju takvog poremećaja ili stanja, i farmaceutski prihvatljivu podlogu.
11. Farmaceutski pripravak za liječenje ili sprječavanje poremećaja ili stanja kojeg se može liječiti ili spriječiti inhibicijom vezanja kemokina na receptor CCR1, kod sisavca, naznačen time što sadrži količinu spoja prema zahtjevu 1, ili njegove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli ili predlijeka, djelotvornu u liječenju takvog poremećaja ili stanja, i farmaceutski prihvatljivu podlogu.
12. Postupak liječenja ili sprječavanja poremećaja ili stanja kojeg se bira između autoimunih bolesti: reumatoidnog artritisa, dijabetesa tip I (nedavno započetog), lupusa, upalne bolesti crijeva, optičkog neuritisa, psorijaze, multiple skleroze, reumatične polimialgije, uveitisa i vaskulitisa; akutnih i kroničnih upalnih stanja: osteoartritisa, sindroma dišnog distresa u odraslih, sindroma dišnog distresa dojenčeta, ishemično-reperfuzijskih ozljeda, glomerulonefritisa i kronične opstruktivne plućne bolesti (COPD); alergijskih stanja: astme, atopičnog dermatitisa; upale povezane s infekcijom, virusne upale: influence i hepatitisa i Guillain-Barréovog sindroma; kroničnog bronhitisa; kroničnog ili akutnog odbacivanja tkiva, stanica i čvrstih organa; ksenogeničnog presatka, ateroskleroze, restenoze, HIV infekcije (upotreba koreceptora); i granulomatoznih bolesti: sarkoidoze, lepre i tuberkuloze; te posljedica raka: multiplih mijeloma; ograničavanju proizvodnje citokina i/ili TNF-a na mjestima upale, kao posljedice pada stanične infiltracije; liječenju bolesti i/ili kongestivne insuficijencije srca, povezanih s TNF-om i IL-1, te liječenju emfizema pluća ili dispneje povezane s njima, kao i emfizema; HIV-1, HIV-2, HIV-3; citomegalovirusa (CMV), adenovirusa, herpes virusa (Herpes zoster i Herpes simplex); liječenju posljedica infekcije, gdje takva infekcija uzrokuje proizvodnju štetnih upalnih citokina i/ili TNF: npr. gljivičnog meningitisa, oštećenja zglobnog tkiva, hiperplazija, stvaranja panusa i resorpcije kostiju, psorijatičnog artritisa, jetrene insuficijencije, bakterijskog meningitisa, Kawasakijevog sindroma, infarkta miokarda, akutne jetrene insuficijencije, lajmske bolesti, septičnog šoka, raka, ozljede i malarije, kod sisavca, naznačen time što se sastoji u primjeni na sisavcu, kojem je takvo liječenje ili sprječavanje potrebno, količine spoja prema zahtjevu 1, ili njegove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli ili predlijeka, djelotvorne u liječenju takvog poremećaja ili stanja.
13. Postupak liječenja ili sprječavanja poremećaja ili stanja kojeg se može liječiti ili spriječiti inhibicijom vezanja kemokina na receptor CCR1, kod sisavca, naznačen time što se sastoji u primjeni na sisavcu, kojem je takvo liječenje ili sprječavanje potrebno, količine spoja prema zahtjevu 1, ili njegove farmaceutski prihvatljive soli ili predlijeka, djelotvorne u liječenju takvog poremećaja ili stanja.
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