HRP20000788A2 - Novel heterocyclically substituted amides with cysteine protease-inhibiting effect - Google Patents
Novel heterocyclically substituted amides with cysteine protease-inhibiting effect Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- HRP20000788A2 HRP20000788A2 HR20000788A HRP20000788A HRP20000788A2 HR P20000788 A2 HRP20000788 A2 HR P20000788A2 HR 20000788 A HR20000788 A HR 20000788A HR P20000788 A HRP20000788 A HR P20000788A HR P20000788 A2 HRP20000788 A2 HR P20000788A2
- Authority
- HR
- Croatia
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- phenyl
- hydrogen
- branched
- unbranched
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 64
- 102000005927 Cysteine Proteases Human genes 0.000 title claims description 12
- 108010005843 Cysteine Proteases Proteins 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 108010032088 Calpain Proteins 0.000 claims description 29
- 102000007590 Calpain Human genes 0.000 claims description 29
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000028867 ischemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005412 pyrazyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005495 pyridazyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000005600 Cathepsins Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010084457 Cathepsins Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004770 neurodegeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000015122 neurodegenerative disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000024827 Alzheimer disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000002177 Cataract Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000013875 Heart injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000023105 Huntington disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010061481 Renal injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940124531 pharmaceutical excipient Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010410 reperfusion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000003890 Coronary Vasospasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000000589 Interleukin-1 Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010002352 Interleukin-1 Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010027476 Metastases Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010063897 Renal ischaemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000025747 Rheumatic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010053648 Vascular occlusion Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002399 angioplasty Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004196 benzothienyl group Chemical group S1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- SYGWYBOJXOGMRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl233051 Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC(C(N(CCN(C)C)C4=O)=O)=C5C4=CC=CC5=C3SC2=C1 SYGWYBOJXOGMRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000001286 intracranial vasospasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000037806 kidney injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000031225 myocardial ischemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003216 pyrazines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000037803 restenosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000329 smooth muscle myocyte Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003557 thiazoles Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000021331 vascular occlusion disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 206010019196 Head injury Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 208000029549 Muscle injury Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 206010061363 Skeletal injury Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002852 cysteine proteinase inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 49
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 25
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 108010079785 calpain inhibitors Proteins 0.000 description 22
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 21
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 18
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 14
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- WXBLLCUINBKULX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXBLLCUINBKULX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 12
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 9
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- -1 for example Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229930195712 glutamate Natural products 0.000 description 7
- NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxybenzotriazole Substances O=C1C=CC=C2NNN=C12 NPZTUJOABDZTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 108090000712 Cathepsin B Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000004225 Cathepsin B Human genes 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000030833 cell death Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-DYCDLGHISA-N trifluoroacetic acid-d1 Chemical compound [2H]OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-DYCDLGHISA-N 0.000 description 6
- VSKVFEGRVCGZQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-benzylpiperazin-4-ium-1-yl)methyl]benzoate Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1CN1CCN(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 VSKVFEGRVCGZQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YEDUAINPPJYDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxybenzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(O)=NC2=C1 YEDUAINPPJYDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000003257 excitatory amino acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002461 excitatory amino acid Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Inorganic materials O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940121926 Calpain inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 102100035037 Calpastatin Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108010044208 calpastatin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UPNMPXGWAVKEHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium-1-yl)methyl]benzoate Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1CN1CCN(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 UPNMPXGWAVKEHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LZBUJBSNFMSWOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(2-phenylpyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1N(CCC1)CC1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C1 LZBUJBSNFMSWOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- STVVMTBJNDTZBF-VIFPVBQESA-N L-phenylalaninol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 STVVMTBJNDTZBF-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940054066 benzamide antipsychotics Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000003936 benzamides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GLNDAGDHSLMOKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N coumarin 120 Chemical compound C1=C(N)C=CC2=C1OC(=O)C=C2C GLNDAGDHSLMOKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002555 ionophore Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000236 ionophoric effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004797 ketoamides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 108010068164 mu-calpain Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001262 western blot Methods 0.000 description 3
- UUDAMDVQRQNNHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (S)-AMPA Chemical compound CC=1ONC(=O)C=1CC(N)C(O)=O UUDAMDVQRQNNHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ASOKPJOREAFHNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hydroxybenzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(O)N=NC2=C1 ASOKPJOREAFHNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-7-nitro-4h-isoquinolin-1-one Chemical compound C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C2C(=O)N(O)C(C)(C)CC2=C1 NEAQRZUHTPSBBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CLQMCTADJQLZSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanamide;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NC(=O)C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CLQMCTADJQLZSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIRQWZYJWREXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-amino-2-oxo-4-phenylbutanamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CIRQWZYJWREXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HIYAVKIYRIFSCZ-CVXKHCKVSA-N Calcimycin Chemical compound CC([C@H]1OC2([C@@H](C[C@H]1C)C)O[C@H]([C@H](CC2)C)CC=1OC2=CC=C(C(=C2N=1)C(O)=O)NC)C(=O)C1=CC=CN1 HIYAVKIYRIFSCZ-CVXKHCKVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010061216 Infarction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108010044467 Isoenzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000003855 L-lactate dehydrogenase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108700023483 L-lactate dehydrogenases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- GDBQQVLCIARPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Leupeptin Natural products CC(C)CC(NC(C)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(C=O)CCCN=C(N)N GDBQQVLCIARPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 2
- HOKKHZGPKSLGJE-GSVOUGTGSA-N N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid Chemical compound CN[C@@H](C(O)=O)CC(O)=O HOKKHZGPKSLGJE-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000012902 Nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000025966 Neurological disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108090000412 Protein-Tyrosine Kinases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004022 Protein-Tyrosine Kinases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000012722 SDS sample buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002684 Sepharose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NGBKFLTYGSREKK-PMACEKPBSA-N Z-Val-Phe-H Chemical compound N([C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C=O)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 NGBKFLTYGSREKK-PMACEKPBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HIYAVKIYRIFSCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium ionophore A23187 Natural products N=1C2=C(C(O)=O)C(NC)=CC=C2OC=1CC(C(CC1)C)OC1(C(CC1C)C)OC1C(C)C(=O)C1=CC=CN1 HIYAVKIYRIFSCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003618 cortical neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000035475 disorder Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODKNJVUHOIMIIZ-RRKCRQDMSA-N floxuridine Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C(F)=C1 ODKNJVUHOIMIIZ-RRKCRQDMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 210000005260 human cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007574 infarction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003978 infusion fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDBQQVLCIARPGH-ULQDDVLXSA-N leupeptin Chemical compound CC(C)C[C@H](NC(C)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C=O)CCCN=C(N)N GDBQQVLCIARPGH-ULQDDVLXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010052968 leupeptin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AAHZCIWUDPKSJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-(chloromethyl)benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1CCl AAHZCIWUDPKSJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cyclopentane Natural products CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000011278 mitosis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000006938 muscular dystrophy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- ZDVQNKMYFPSYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-oxobenzamide Chemical class O=NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZDVQNKMYFPSYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035778 pathophysiological process Effects 0.000 description 2
- YBYRMVIVWMBXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 YBYRMVIVWMBXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010118 platelet activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CXWGKAYMVASWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dithiane Chemical compound C1CCSSC1 CXWGKAYMVASWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYMPLPIFKRHAAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-ethanedithiol Chemical compound SCCS VYMPLPIFKRHAAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIWHIRLNKIUYSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(3-methylphenyl)piperazine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N2CCNCC2)=C1 JIWHIRLNKIUYSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[6-[4-(5-chloro-6-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-5-methyl-3-(1-methylindazol-5-yl)pyrazol-1-yl]-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound ClC=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1C)C=1C(=NN(C=1C)C1CC2(CN(C2)C(C=C)=O)C1)C=1C=C2C=NN(C2=CC=1)C AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQXXEPZFOOTTBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzylpiperazine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CN1CCNCC1 IQXXEPZFOOTTBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 18-crown-6 Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO1 XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYMZWMRYOAZUTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-benzylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]-N-(1-hydroxy-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)benzamide Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)CC(CO)NC(C1=C(C=CC=C1)CN1CCN(CC1)CC1=CC=CC=C1)=O RYMZWMRYOAZUTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPINGSGHKXIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-3-(2-carboxyethylsulfanyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)CSCCC(O)=O FBPINGSGHKXIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STVVMTBJNDTZBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-3-phenylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound OCC(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 STVVMTBJNDTZBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBOBXFXVHFELAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(CN2CCN(CC2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 UBOBXFXVHFELAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIGHURJLXGGDGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[[4-[2-tert-butyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl]-1,4-diazepan-1-yl]methyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)C1=NC(=CC(=N1)C(F)(F)F)N1CCN(CCC1)CC=1C=C(C(=O)O)C=CC=1 RIGHURJLXGGDGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQQSQBRPAJSTFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(bromomethyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(CBr)C=C1 CQQSQBRPAJSTFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPBWFNDFMCCGGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Piperidine carboxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1CCNCC1 DPBWFNDFMCCGGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNOVTJLQAOGAAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[benzyl(methyl)azaniumyl]methyl]benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=1CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 DNOVTJLQAOGAAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000003678 AMPA Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000078 AMPA Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000000044 Amnesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010002660 Anoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000976983 Anoxia Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004255 Butylated hydroxyanisole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004322 Butylated hydroxytoluene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGIPYBIJFPKMIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(N)(=O)C(C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(C1=C(C=CC=C1)CN1CCN(CC1)CC1=CC=CC=C1)=O)=O Chemical compound C(N)(=O)C(C(CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(C1=C(C=CC=C1)CN1CCN(CC1)CC1=CC=CC=C1)=O)=O PGIPYBIJFPKMIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGGUOGKHUUUWAF-ROUUACIJSA-N Calpeptin Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](C=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 PGGUOGKHUUUWAF-ROUUACIJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000624 Cathepsin L Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004172 Cathepsin L Human genes 0.000 description 1
- DQFBYFPFKXHELB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chalcone Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 DQFBYFPFKXHELB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Compound IV Chemical compound O1N=C(C)C=C1CCCCCCCOC1=CC=C(C=2OCCN=2)C=C1 FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000010831 Cytoskeletal Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010037414 Cytoskeletal Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002271 DEAE-Sepharose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006021 Dakin-West synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010012289 Dementia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006646 Dess-Martin oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010016626 Dipeptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004097 EU approved flavor enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007341 Heck reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSNHCAURESNICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyurea Chemical class NC(=O)NO VSNHCAURESNICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004125 Interleukin-1alpha Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010082786 Interleukin-1alpha Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229930194542 Keto Natural products 0.000 description 1
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Ornithine Chemical compound NCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-phenylalanine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N L-tyrosine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-QMMMGPOBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100023174 Methionine aminopeptidase 2 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000192 Methionyl aminopeptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000007101 Muscle Cramp Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000008934 Muscle Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010074084 Muscle Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WJKGHJRECSWNCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(1-hydroxy-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)-2-[(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzamide Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)CC(CO)NC(C1=C(C=CC=C1)CN1CCN(CC1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O WJKGHJRECSWNCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIYLNECMTVNMSO-GOTSBHOMSA-N N-succinyl-Leu-Tyr-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CCC(O)=O)CC(C)C)C(=O)NC=1C=C2OC(=O)C=C(C)C2=CC=1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RIYLNECMTVNMSO-GOTSBHOMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000001738 Nervous System Trauma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108090000189 Neuropeptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003797 Neuropeptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010029350 Neurotoxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000007125 Neurotoxicity Syndromes Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FZRKAZHKEDOPNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide anion Chemical compound O=[N-] FZRKAZHKEDOPNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010029719 Nonspecific reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orn-delta-NH2 Natural products NCCCC(N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ornithine Natural products OC(=O)C(C)CCCN UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000018737 Parkinson disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000003923 Protein Kinase C Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000315 Protein Kinase C Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000012479 Serine Proteases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010022999 Serine Proteases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000005392 Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000005890 Spectrin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010019965 Spectrin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000032851 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012505 Superdex™ Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010044221 Toxic encephalopathy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000030886 Traumatic Brain injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004142 Trypsin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000631 Trypsin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tryptophan Natural products C1=CC=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001371 alpha-amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000008206 alpha-amino acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003862 amino acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003194 amino acid receptor blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001414 amino alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JTXJZBMXQMTSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N amino hydrogen carbonate Chemical class NOC(O)=O JTXJZBMXQMTSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007953 anoxia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003556 anti-epileptic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001961 anticonvulsive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003965 antiepileptics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006907 apoptotic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical class B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical class OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019282 butylated hydroxyanisole Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylated hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043253 butylated hydroxyanisole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940095259 butylated hydroxytoluene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003710 calcium ionophore Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010007877 calpain inhibitor III Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010082989 calpeptin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003683 cardiac damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005779 cell damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037887 cell injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000004663 cell proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015114 central nervous system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001789 chalcones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005513 chalcones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012228 culture supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001944 cysteine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000433 cytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000326 densiometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- NKLCNNUWBJBICK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dess–martin periodinane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2I(OC(=O)C)(OC(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 NKLCNNUWBJBICK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LOZWAPSEEHRYPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithiane Natural products C1CSCCS1 LOZWAPSEEHRYPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N dithiothreitol Chemical compound SC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CS VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006575 electron-withdrawing group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002085 enols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002532 enzyme inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- CJAONIOAQZUHPN-KKLWWLSJSA-N ethyl 12-[[2-[(2r,3r)-3-[2-[(12-ethoxy-12-oxododecyl)-methylamino]-2-oxoethoxy]butan-2-yl]oxyacetyl]-methylamino]dodecanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C(=O)CO[C@H](C)[C@@H](C)OCC(=O)N(C)CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC CJAONIOAQZUHPN-KKLWWLSJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCOCCOCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019264 food flavour enhancer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000034356 gene-regulatory proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091006104 gene-regulatory proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100242 glycol stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011968 lewis acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000863 loss of memory Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010011767 m-calpain Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MYPGWNLQXWVQBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(4-benzylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1CN1CCN(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 MYPGWNLQXWVQBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYQAHPKYVBWODU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzoate Chemical compound COC(C1=C(C=CC=C1)CN1CCN(CC1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O RYQAHPKYVBWODU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAVRNIFMYIJXIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-chlorobenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl JAVRNIFMYIJXIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001095 motoneuron effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000028412 nervous system injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004498 neuroglial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000926 neurological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000324 neuroprotective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000228 neurotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007135 neurotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002900 organolithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960003104 ornithine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950000964 pepstatin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108010091212 pepstatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FAXGPCHRFPCXOO-LXTPJMTPSA-N pepstatin A Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)C[C@H](O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)CC(C)C FAXGPCHRFPCXOO-LXTPJMTPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005897 peptide coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylalanine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZTJYBJCZXZGCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylpiperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1C1=CC=CC=C1 YZTJYBJCZXZGCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004962 physiological condition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007180 physiological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004623 platelet-rich plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017854 proteolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940024999 proteolytic enzymes for treatment of wounds and ulcers Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000020016 psychiatric disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005227 renal system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006965 reversible inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010039073 rheumatoid arthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002633 shock therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000002415 sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012588 trypsin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyrosine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/28—Radicals substituted by singly-bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
- C07D213/30—Oxygen atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/08—Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
- A61P35/04—Antineoplastic agents specific for metastasis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/08—Vasodilators for multiple indications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C237/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups
- C07C237/28—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring of the carbon skeleton
- C07C237/32—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring of the carbon skeleton having the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group bound to an acyclic carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with radicals, containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/36—Radicals substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/36—Radicals substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms
- C07D213/40—Acylated substituent nitrogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/44—Radicals substituted by doubly-bound oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen atoms, or by two such atoms singly-bound to the same carbon atom
- C07D213/46—Oxygen atoms
- C07D213/48—Aldehydo radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/62—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D213/70—Sulfur atoms
- C07D213/71—Sulfur atoms to which a second hetero atom is attached
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D215/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms having only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D215/36—Sulfur atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D217/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems
- C07D217/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring; Alkylene-bis-isoquinolines
- C07D217/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring; Alkylene-bis-isoquinolines with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/125—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the substituent nitrogen atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings
- C07D295/13—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the substituent nitrogen atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings to an acyclic saturated chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D295/155—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals with the ring nitrogen atoms and the carbon atoms with three bonds to hetero atoms separated by carbocyclic rings or by carbon chains interrupted by carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/44—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D317/46—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
- C07D317/48—Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring
- C07D317/50—Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to atoms of the carbocyclic ring
- C07D317/54—Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/44—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D317/46—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
- C07D317/48—Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring
- C07D317/50—Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to atoms of the carbocyclic ring
- C07D317/58—Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
Landscapes
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Psychology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
- Other In-Based Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)
- Pyrrole Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Compounds That Contain Two Or More Ring Oxygen Atoms (AREA)
Description
Predloženi izum odnosi se na nove amide koji su inhibitori enzima, posebno cistein proteaza, kao što su kalpain (= o kalciju ovisne cistein proteaze) i njegovi izoenzimi, katepsini, na primjer В i L.
Kalpaini su intracelularni, proteolitički enzimi iz skupine takozvanih cistein proteaza i nađeni su u mnogim stanicama. Kalpaini se aktiviraju s povišenom koncentracijom kalcija, pri čemu postoji razlika između kalpaina I ili μ-kalpaina, koji se aktivira s μ-molarnim koncentracijama kalcijevih iona, i kalpaina II ili m-kalpaina, koji se aktivira s m-molarnim koncentracijama kalcijevih iona (P. Johnson, Int. J. Biochem. 1990, 22(8), 811-22). Danas se pretpostavlja da postoje i daljnji kalpainski izoenzimi (K. Suzuki et al., Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler, 1995, 376(9), 523-9).
Pretpostavlja se da kalpaini imaju važnu ulogu u raznim fiziološkim procesima. Tu spada cijepanje regulacijskih proteina, kao što je protein kinaza C, cito-skeletni proteini, kao MAP 2 i spektrin, mišićni proteini, razgradnja proteina kod reumatoidnog artritisa, proteini u aktivaciji trombocita, metabolizam neuropeptida, proteini u mitozi i drugi koji su navedeni u M. J. Barrett et al., Life Sci. 1991, 48, 1659-69 i К. К. Wang et al., Trends u Pharmacol. Sci., 1994, 15, 412-9.
Povišene razine kalpaina izmjerene su u raznim patofiziološkim procesima, na primjer: ishemija srca (npr. kardijalni infarkt), bubrega ili središnjeg nervnog sistema (npr. udar kapi), upale, distrofije mišića, katarakti očiju, ozljede središnjeg nervnog sistema (npr. trauma), Alzheimerova bolest itd. (vidi K. K. Wang, gore). Pretpostavlja se da postoji određena povezanost tih bolesti s povišenim i trajnim unutarstaničnim razinama kalcija. Posljedica toga je da se procesi ovisni o kalciju prekomjerno aktiviraju i više se ne podvrgavaju fiziološkoj regulaciji. S tim u skladu, prekomjerno aktiviranje kalpaina također može uzrokovati patofiziološke procese.
Zbog toga se je pretpostavilo da bi se inhibitori enzima kalpaina mogli upotrijebiti za liječenje tih bolesti. To su potvrdila razna istraživanja. Tako su Seung-Chyul Hong et al., Stroke 1994, 25(3), 663-9 i R. Т. Bartus et al., Neurological Res. 1995, 17, 249-58, pokazali neuroprotektivno djelovanje inhibitora kalpaina kod akutnih neurodegenerativnih poremećaja ili ishemija, kao što su oni koji se javljaju nakon moždanog udara. Također, nakon eksperimentalne traume mozga inhibitori kalpaina poboljšavaju oporavak od gubitka sposobnosti pamćenja i neuromotornih poremećaja koji se pri tome pojavljuju (К. Е. Saatman et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1996, 93, 3428-3433). С. L. Edelstein et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1995, 92, 7662-6, pronašli su zaštitno djelovanje inhibitora kalpaina na bubrege oštećene hipoksijom. Yoshida, Ken Ischi et al., Jap. Circ. J. 1995, 59(1) 40-8, uspjeli su pokazati korisne učinke inhibitora kalpaina nakon kardijalnih oštećenja nastalih ishemijom ili reperfuzijom. Budući da inhibitori kalpaina inhibiraju oslobađanje β-AP4 proteina, preporučena je njegova moguća upotreba kao terapeutika za Alzheimerovu bolest (J. Higaki et al., Neuron, 1995, 14, 651-59). Oslobađanje interleukina 1α također je bilo spriječeno pomoću inhibitora kalpaina (N. Watanabe et al., Cytokine 1994, 6(6), 597-601). Osim toga, pronađeno je da inhibitori kalpaina pokazuju citotoksične učinke na tumorske stanice (Е. Shiba et al., 20th Meeting Int. Ass. Breast Cancer Res., Sendai Jp, 1994, 25-28 Sept., Int. J. Oncol. 5(Suppl.), 1994, 381).
Dalnje moguće upotrebe inhibitora kalpaina navedene su u К. К. Wang, Trends u Pharmacol. Sci., 1994, 15, 412-8.
Inhibitori kalpaina već su bili opisani u literaturi. Međutim, oni su uglavnom ireverzibilni ili peptidni inhibitori. U pravilu, ireverzibilni inhibitori su alkilirajuće tvari i imaju nedostatak da u organizmu reagiraju neselektivno ili su nestabilni. Stoga ti inhibitori često pokazuju neželjene sporedne učinke, kao što je toksičnost, i s tim u skladu oni su ograničeni u pogledu upotrebe ili su beskorisni. Među ireverzibilne inhibitore mogu se uključiti, na primjer, epoksidi E 64 (E.B. McGowan et al., Biochem. Buiphys. Res. Commun. 1989, 158, 432-5), α-haloketoni (H. Angliker et al., J. Med. Chem. 1992, 35, 216-20) ili disulfidi (R. Matsueda et al., Chem. Lett. 1990, 191-194).
Mnogi poznati reverzibilni inhibitori cistein proteaza, kao što je kalpain, su peptidni aldehidi, posebno dipeptidni i tripeptidni aldehidi, kao na primjer, Z-Val-Phe-H (MDL 28170) (S. Mehdi, Trends u Biol. Sci. 1991, 16, 150-3). Pod fiziološkim uvjetima, peptidni aldehidi imaju nedostatak da su često nepostojani zbog velike reaktivnosti, mogu se brzo metabolizirati i skloni su nespecifičnim reakcijama koje mogu biti uzrokom toksičnih učinaka (J. A. Ferentz i B. Castro, Synthesis 1983, 676-78).
U JP 08183771 (CA 1996, 605307) i EP 520336 kao inhibitori kalpaina su opisani aldehidi koji su derivirani od 4-piperidinoilamida i 1-karbonilpiperidino-4-ilamida. Međutim, ovdje zahtjevani aldehidi, koji su derivirani od opće strukture I s heteroaromatski supstituiranim amidima, još nikada ranije nisu bili opisani.
Peptidni ketonski derivativi su također bili opisani kao inhibitori cistein proteaza, a posebno kalpaina. Tako, na primjer, u slučaju serinskih proteaza derivati ketona su poznati kao inhibitori, pri čemu se keto skupinu aktivira sa skupinom koja privlači elektrone kao što je CF3. U slučaju cistein proteaza, derivati s keto skupinama aktiviranim pomoću CF3 ili sličnim skupinama, nisu vrlo aktivni ili su inaktivni (M. R. Angelastro et al., J. Med. Chem. 1990, 33, 11-13). Iznenađujuće, u slučaju kalpaina, do sada je pronađeno da su samo keto derivati, u kojima, s jedne strane, otpusne skupine u α položaju uzrokuju ireverzibilnu inhibiciju, a s druge strane, derivat karboksilne kiseline aktivira keto skupinu, učinkoviti inhibitori (vidi M. R. Angelastro et al., vidi gore; WO 92/11850; WO 92/12140; WO 94/00095 i WO 95/00535). Međutim, od tih keto amida i keto estera, dosad su bili opisani samo peptidni derivati kao učinkoviti (Zhaozhao Li et al., J. Med. Chem. 1993, 36, 3472-80; S. L. Harbenson et al., J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 2918-29 i vidi gore M. R. Angelastro et al.).
Ketobenzamidi su već poznati u literaturi. Tako je ketoester PhCO-Abu-COOCH2CH3 opisan u WO 91/09801, WO 94/00095 i 92/11850. Za analogoni fenilni derivat Ph-CONH-CH(CH2Ph)-CO-COCOOCH3, koji je opisan u M. R. Angelastro et al., J. Med. Chem. 1990, 33, 11-13 , pronađeno je, međutim, da je samo slabi kalpain inhibitor. Ovaj derivat je također opisan u J. P. Burkhardt, Tetrahedron Lett., 1988, 3433-36. Međutim, značaj supstituiranih benzamida dosad nikada nije bio istražen.
U brojnim terapijama, kao kod udara kapi, aktivni spojevi se daju intravenski kao infuzijske otopine. U tu svrhu, potrebno je imati na raspolaganju tvari, u ovom slučaju inhibitore kalpaina, koje imaju dovoljnu topivost u vodi tako da se može pripraviti infuzijsku otopinu. Međutim, mnogi opisani inhibitori kalpaina imaju nedostatak u tome da pokazuju malu ili nikakvu topivost i vodi i stoga nisu prikladni za intravensko davanje. Aktivni sastojci ovog tipa mogu se dati samo uz upotrebu pomoćnih tvari predviđenih za poboljšanje topivosti u vodi (vidi R.T. Bartus et al. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 1994, 14, 537-544). Međutim, ove pomoćne tvari, na primjer polietilen glikol, često uzrokuju sporedne učinke ili su čak nepodnošljive. Nepeptidni inhibitor kalpaina, koji ima zadovoljavajuću topivost u vodi bez pomoćnih tvari i stoga se vjerojatno može dati s boljom podnošljivošću, ima stoga velike prednosti. Takovi inhibitori nisu do sada opisani i stoga bi bili novi.
U predloženom izumu opisani su supstituirani nepeptidni aldehidi, esteri ketokarboksilnih kiselina i derivati keto amida. Ovi spojevi su novi i iznenađujuće pokazuju mogućnost za dobivanje jakih ne-peptidnih inhibitora cistein proteaza, kao što je na primjer kalpain, ugradnjom krutih strukturnih fragmenata. K tome, svi predloženi spojevi opće formule I imaju najmanje jedan alifatski aminski radikal i stoga mogu tvoriti soli s kiselinama. Veliki broj ovih tvari je topivo u vodi s jačinom 0,5%-tne otopine pri pH 0,4-5 i stoga pokazuju profil potreban za intravensku aplikaciju koja je potrebna, na primjer, za terapiju udara kapi.
Predloženi izum odnosi se na amide opće formulu I
[image]
i njihove tautomerne i izomerne oblike, moguće enantiomerne i diastereomerne oblike, i moguće fiziološki podnošljive soli, u kojima varijable imaju slijedeća značenja:
R1 može biti vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat i nerazgranat, fenil, naftil, kinolil, piridil, pirimidil, pirazil, piridazil, kinazolil, kinoksalil, tienil, benzo-tienil, benzofuranil, furanil i indolil, pri čemu prstenovi također mogu biti supstituirani s 3 radikala R6 radikala, i
R2 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, O- C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, C2-C6-alkenil, C2-C6-alkinil, C1-C6-alkil-fenil, C2-C6-alkenil-fenil, C2-C6-alkinil-fenil, OH, Cl, F, Br, J, СF3, NO2, NH2, CN, COOH, COO-C1-C4-alkil, NHCO-C1-C4-alkil, NHCO-fenil, CONHR9, NHSO2- C1-C4-alkil, NHSO2-fenil, SO2-C1-C4-alkil i SO2-fenil, i
R3 može biti NR7R8 ili prsten kao
[image]
R4 je -C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, koji može također nositi fenilni, piridilni, ili naftilni prsten koji je sa svoje strane supstituiran s najviše dva radikala R6, i
R5 je vodik, COOR11 i CO-Z u kojem Z je NR12R13 i
[image]
i
R6 je vodik, C1-C4-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, -O-C1-C4-alkil, OH, Cl, F, Br, J, СF3, NO2, NH2, CN, COOH, COO-C1-C4-alkil, -NHCO-C1-C4-alkil, -NHCO-fenil, -NHSO2-C1-C4-alkil, -NHSO2-fenil, -SO2- C1-C4-alkil i –SO2-fenil, i
R7 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, ravan ili razgranat, i koji može biti supstituiran s fenilnim prstenom koji sam također može biti supstituiran s jednim ili dva radikala R10, i
R8 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, ravan ili razgranat, koji može biti supstituiran s fenilnim prstenom koji sam također može biti supstituiran s jednim ili dva radikala R10, i
R9 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, ravan ili razgranat, koji također može nositi supstituent R16, ili fenil, piridil, pirimidil, piridazil, pirazinil, pirazil, naftil, kinolil, imidazolil, koji također može nositi jedan ili dva supstituenta R14 i
R10 može biti vodik, C1-C4-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, -O-C1-C4-alkil, OH, Cl, F, Br, J, СF3, NO2, NH2, CN, COOH, COO-C1-C4-alkil, -NHCO-C1-C4-alkil, -NHCO-fenil, -NHSO2-C1-C4-alkil, -NHSO2-fenil, -SO2-C1-C4-alkil i –SO2-fenil, i
R11 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, ravan ili razgranat, i koji može biti supstituiran s fenilnim prstenom koji sam također može biti supstituiran s jednim ili dva radikala R10, i
R12 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, ravan ili razgranat, i
[image]
R13 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, koji također može biti supstituiran s fenilnim prstenom koji također može nositi radikal R10, i
R14 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, -O-C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, OH, Cl, F, Br, J, СF3, NO2, NH2, CN, COOH, COO-C1-C4-alkil, ili dva radikala R14 mogu predstavljati most OC(R15)2O, i
R15 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat i nerazgranat, i
R16 može biti a fenil, piridil, pirimidil, piridazil, pirazinil, pirazil, pirolil, naftil, kinolil, imidazolilni prsten, koji također može nositi jedan ili dva supstituenta R6, i
A je –(CH2)m-, –(CH2)m-O-(CH2)o-, –(CH2)o-S-(CH2)m-, –(CH2)o-SO-(CH2)m-, –(CH2)o-SO2–(CH2)m-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CO-CH=CH-, -(CH2)o-СО–(CH2)m-, –(CH2)m-NНСО–(CH2)o-, –(CH2)o-CONH–(CH2)o-, –(CH2)m-NHSO2–(CH2)o-, -NH-CO-CH=CH-, –(CH2)m-SO2NН–(CH2)o-, -CH=CH-CONH- i
[image]
R1-A zajedno predstavljaju također
i
В je fenil, piridine, pirimidine, pirazine, imidazole i tiazole, i
x je 1, 2 ili 3, i
n je broj 0, 1 ili 2, i
m i o, međusobno neovisno predstavljaju broj 0, 1, 2, 3 ili 4.
Spojevi formule 1 mogu se upotrijebiti kao racemati ili kao enantiomerno čisti spojevi, ili kao diastereomeri. Ako se žele enantiomerno čisti spojevi, oni se mogu dobiti, na primjer, klasičnim rastavljanjem racemata spojeva formule I ili njihovih intermedijata upotrebom prikladne optički aktivne baze ili kiseline. S druge strane, enantiomerni spojevi mogu se također proizvesti upotrebom komercijalno dostupnih spojeva, na primjer optički aktivnih amino kiselina kao što su fenilalanin, triptofan i tirozin.
Predloženi izum odnosi se također na spojeve koji su mezomerni ili tautomerni sa spojevima formule I, na primjer s onima u kojima je keto skupina formula I prisutna kao enolni tautomer.
Predloženi izum odnosi se nadalje na fiziološki podnošljive soli spojeva I, koji se mogu dobiti reakcijom spoja I s prikladnom kiselinom ili bazom. Prikladne kiseline i baze opisane su, na primjer, u “Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung, Svezak 10, str. 224-285, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel i Stuttgart, 1966. One uključuju, na primjer, klorovodičnu kiselinu, limunsku kiselinu, vinsku kiselinu, mliječnu kiselinu, fosfornu kiselinu, metansulfonsku kiselinu, octenu kiselinu, mravlju kiselinu, maleinsku kiselinu, fumarnu kiselinu itd., ili natrijev hidroksid, litijev hidroksid, kalijev hidroksid i tris.
Amidi I prema izumu, mogu se proizvesti na razne načine, koji su prikazani u shemi sinteze.
Shema sinteze
Heterociklička karboksilna kiselina II povezuje se na odgovarajući amino alkohol III, čime se dobije odgovarajući amid IV. Ovdje su primijenjene uobičajene metode povezivanja peptida, koje su opisane u C.R. Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations, VCH Publisher, 1989, str. 972 i dalje, ili u Houben-Weyl, Methoden der organischen Chemie, 4. izdanje, E5, Pogl. V. Reakcija se provodi upotrebom “aktiviranih” derivata kiseline II, pri čemu je skupina COOH prevedena u skupinu COL. L je otpusna skupina, kao na primjer Cl, imidazol ili N-hidroksi-benzotriazol. Zatim se tu aktiviranu kiselinu prevede u amid IV upotrebom amina. Reakcija se odvija u bezvodnim, inertnim otapalima, kao što su metilen klorid, tetrahidro-furan i dimetilformamid, pri temperaturama od –20 do +25oC.
Ovi alkoholni derivati IV mogu se oksidirati u nove aldehidne derivate I prema izumu. U tu svrhu mogu se primijeniti razne uobičajene reakcije oksidacije (vidi C. R, Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations, VCH Publisher, 1989, str. 604 i dalje) kao što je, na primjer, Swernova i oksidacije analogne Swernovoj (Т. Т. Tidwell, Synthesis 1990, 857-70), natrijev hipoklorid/TEMPO (S. L. Harbenson et al., vidi gore) ili Dess-Martin (J. Org. Chem. 1983, 48, 4155). Povoljno, ova reakcija se provodi u inertnim aprotonskim otapalima, kao što su dimetilformamid, tetrahidrofuran ili metilen klorid, upotrebom oksidanata kao što su DMSO/piridin x SO3 ili DMSO/oksalil klorid pri temperaturama od -50 do +25°C, ovisno o metodi (vidi gornju literaturu).
Alternativno, karboksilna kiselina II može reagirati s derivatom aminohidroksamske kiseline VI, čime se dobiju benzamidi VII. U tom slučaju primjenjuje se isti reakcijski postupak kao za pripravljanje spoja IV. Derivati hidroksamske kiseline VI mogu se također dobiti i iz zaštićenih amino kiselina V reakcijom s hidroksilaminom. U tom postupku, također se može primijeniti već opisani postupak za pripravljanje amida. Odstranjivanje zaštitne skupine X, na primjer Boc, provodi se na uobičajen način, na primjer upotrebom trifluoroctene kiseline. Tako dobivena amid hidroksamska kiselina VII može se redukcijom prevesti u aldehide I prema izumu. U tom postupku, kao redukcijsko sredstvo može se upotrijebiti, na primjer, litij aluminijev hidrid pri temperaturi od -60 do 0°C u inertnim otapalima kao što su tetrahidrofuran ili eter.
Analogno posljednjem postupku, također se mogu proizvesti karboksilne kiseline ili kiselinski derivati, kao što su esteri IX (P = COOR’, COSR’), koji se također mogu prevesti redukcijom u aldehid I prema izumu. Ovi postupci popisani su u R. C. Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations, VCH Publisher, 1989, str. 619-26.
Amidi I prema izumu koji imaju heterocikličke supstituente i koji nose ketoamidnu ili ketoestersku skupinu, mogu se provesti na razne načine, koji su prikazani u shemama sinteze 2 i 3.
Ako je to prikladno, esteri IIa karboksilne kiseline se pretvore u kiseline II upotrebom kiseline ili baze kao što je litijev hidroksid, natrijev hidroksid ili kalijev hidroksid u vodenoj sredini ili u mješavini vode i organskih otapala kao što su alkoholi ili tetrahidrofuran pri sobnoj temperaturi ili pri povišenoj temperaturi, kao 25-100°C.
Kiseline II povezuju se s derivatima α-amino kiselina, pri čemu se primjenjuju uobičajeni uvjeti koji su navedeni, na primjer, u Houben-Weyle, Methoden der organischen Chemie, 4. izd., E5, Pogl. V, i C.R. Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations, VCH Publisher, 1989, Pogl. 9.
Na primjer, karboksilnu kiselinu II se prevede u “aktivirani” derivat kiseline IIb =Y-COL, gdje L predstavlja otpusnu skupinu, kao Cl, imidazol i N-hidroksi-benzotriazol, i se zatim prevede u derivat XI dodatkom derivata amino kiseline H2N-CH(R3)-COOR. Ovu reakciju se provodi u bezvodnim, inertnim otapalima kao što je metilen klorid, tetrahidrofuran i dimetilformamid pri temperaturama od –20 do +25oC.
Shema 1
[image]
Derivati XI, koji su u pravilu esteri, prevode se u ketokarboksilne kiseline XII analogno gore opisanoj hidrolizi. Ketoesteri I’ se proizvode u reakciji koja je analogna Dakin-Westovoj reakciji, pri čemu se reakcija provodi u skladu s metodom ZhaoZhao Li et al., J. Med. Chem. 1993, 36, 3472-80. U ovom postupku, karboksilna kiselina kao XII reagira s monoester kloridom oksalne kiseline pri povišenoj temperaturi (50-100oC) u otapalima, kao što je npr. tetrahidrofuran i tako dobiveni proizvod zatim reagira s bazom kao što je natrijev etanolat u etanolu i pri povišenoj temperaturi od 25-80oC, čime se dobije ketoester I’ u skladu s izumom. Ketoesteri I’ se mogu hidrolizirati kako je gore opisano, na primjer u ketokarboksilne kiseline prema izumu.
Reakciju za dobivanje ketobenzamida I’ provodi se također analogno metodi koju su opisali ZhaoZhao Li et al. (vidi gore). Keto skupinu u I’ se zaštiti dodatkom 1,2-etanditiola uz katalizator Lewisovu kiselinu, kao što je na primjer borov trifluorid eterat, u inertnom otapalu, kao što je metilen klorid, pri sobnoj temperaturi, pri čemu se dobije ditian. Ovi derivati reagiraju s aminima R3-H u polarnim otapalima, kao što su alkoholi, pri temperaturama od 0-80oC, pri čemu se dobiju ketoamidi I (R4 je Z ili NR7R8).
Shema 2
[image]
Alternativna metoda je prikazana u shemi 2. Keto karboksilne kiseline II reagiraju s derivatima amino-hidroksikarboksilnih kiselina XIII (za pripravljanje spojeva XIII vidi S. L. Harbenson et al., J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 2918-29, ili J. P. Burkhardt et al. Tetrahedron Lett. 1988, 29, 3433-3436) metodom uobičajenom za povezivanje peptida (vidi gore Houben-Weyl), čime se dobije amid XIV. Ovi alkoholni derivati XIV mogu se oksidirati u derivate I ketokarboksilne kiseline prema izumu. U tu svrhu mogu se primijeniti razne uobičajene reakcije oksidacije (vidi C. R, Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations, VCH Publisher, 1989, str. 604 i dalje) kao što je, na primjer, Swernova i oksidacije analogne Swernovoj, povoljno dimetil sulfoksid/piridin-sumporni trioksidni kompleks u otapalima kao što je metilen klorid ili tetrahidrofuran, ako je prikladno s dodatkom dimetil sulfoksida, pri sobnoj temperaturi ili temperaturama od -50 do 25°C (Т. Т. Tidwell, Synthesis 1990, 857-70) ili natrijev hipoklorid/ TEMPO (S. L. Harbenson et al., vidi gore).
Ako su XIV α-hidroksi esteri (X = O-alkil), oni se mogu hidrolizirati u karboksilne kiseline XV, pri čemu se reakcija provodi analogno gornjim metodama, ali ponajprije upotrebom litijevog hidroksida u mješavini vode i tetrahidrofurana pri sobnoj temperaturi. Proizvodnja drugih estera ili amida XVI provodi se reakcijom s aminima pod uvjetima povezivanja koji su već opisani. Derivat alkohola XVI može se oksidirati, čime se ponovno dobiju derivati ketokarboksilne kiseline I prema izumu.
Pripravljanje estera karboksilne kiseline II već je bilo opisano u nekim slučajevima ili se provodi u skladu s uobičajenim kemijskim metodama.
Spojevi u kojima je X veza proizvode se uobičajenim aromtskim povezivanjem, na primjer Suzukijevim povezivanjem s derivatima borne kiseline i halogenida uz paladijev katalizator ili povezivanjem aromatskih halogenida s bakrenim katalizatorom. Radikali alkilnog mosta (X = -(CH2)m-) mogu se proizvesti redukcijom analognih ketona ili alkiliranjem organskog spoja litija, npr. orto-fenil-oksazolidina, ili drugih organometalnih spojeva (vidi I. M. Dordor et al., J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. I, 1984, 1247-52).
Derivati s eterskim mostom proizvedeni su alkiliranjem odgovarajućih alkohola ili fenola s halogenidima.
Sulfoksidi i sulfoni se mogu dobiti oksidacijom odgovarajućih tioetera.
Spojevi s alkenskim i alkinskim mostom proizvedeni su, na primjer, Heckovom reakcijom iz aromatskih halogenida i odgovarajućih alkena i alkina (vidi I. Sakamoto et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1986, 34, 2754-59).
Kalkoni nastaju kondenzacijom acetofenona s aldehidima i mogu se prema potrebi hidrogenacijom prevesti u analogne alkilne derivate.
Amidi i sulfonamidi su proizvedeni iz amina i kiselinskih derivata analogno gore opisanim metodama.
Dialkilaminoalkilni supstituenti dobiju se redukcijskim aminiranjem aldehidnih derivata s odgovarajućim aminima u prisutnosti bor hidrida kao što je BH3-piridin-kompleks ili NaBH3CN (A.F. Abdel-Magid, C.A. Maryanoff, K.G. Carson, Tetrahedron Lett. 10990, 31, 5595; A.E. Moormann, Synth. Commun. 1993, 23, 789).
Amidi I s heterocikličkim supstituentima predloženog izuma su inhibitori cistein proteaza, posebno cistein proteaza kao što su kalpaini I i II i katepsini B i L.
Inhibicijsko djelovanje amida I s heterocikličkim supstituentima I utvrđeno je primjenom uobičajenih enzimskih pokusa poznatih iz literature, pri čemu je kao mjerilo djelovanja utvrđena koncentracija inhibitora pri kojoj je inhibirano 50% djelovanja enzima (= IC50). Na taj način su izmjereni benzamidi I u pogledu inhibicije djelovanja kalpaina I, kalpaina II i katepsina B.
Ispitivanje katepsina B
Inhibicija katepsina B utvrđena je analogno metodi koju su opisali S. Hasnain et al., J. Biol. Chem. 1993, 268, 235-40.
2 μl otopine inhibitora, pripravljene od inhibitora i DMSO (krajnje koncentracije 100 μM do 0,01 μM) doda se k 88 μl katepsina B (katepsin B iz ljudske jetre, Calbiochem), razrijeđenog na 5 jedinica u 500 μM pufera). Ovu mješavinu se najprije inkubira 60 minuta pri sobnoj temperaturi (25oC) i zatim se inicira reakciju dodatkom 10 μl 10 mM Z-Arg-Arg-pNA (u puferu s 10% DMSO). Reakciju se promatra 30 minuta pri 450 nM u čitaču mikrotiraske ploče. Zatim se iz maksimalnih gradijenata odrede vrijednsoti IC50.
Ispitivanje kalpaina I i II
Ispitivanje inhibicijskih svojstava kalpain inhibitora provedeno je u puferu upotrebom 50 mM tris HCl, pH 7,5; 0,1 M NaCl; 1 mM ditiotreitola; 0,11 mM CaCl2; fluorogenskog kalpain supstrata Suc-Leu-Tyr-AMC (25 mM otopljenog u DMSO, Bachem/Švicarska). Humani μ-kalpain je izoliran iz eritrocita i, nakon nekoliko stupnjeva kromatografije (DEAE-Sepharose, fenil-Sepharose, Superdex 200 i Blue Sepharose), enzim čistoće >95%, ispitan je prema SDS-PAGE, Western blot analizi i N-terminalnim sekvenciranjem. Fluorescencija odcijepljenog proizvoda 7-amino-4-metil-kumarina (AMC) promatrana je u Spex-Fluorolog fluorimetru pri λ = 380 nm i λ = 460 nm. U mjernom području od 60 min, cijepanje supstrata je linearno i autokatalitičko djelovanje kalpain je nisko ako se pokusi vrše pri temperaturama od 12°C. Inhibitori i kalpainski supstrat se dodaju u pokusnu mješavinu kao DMSO otopine, pri čemu DMSO ne smije prijeći krajnju koncentraciju od 2%.
U pokusnoj mješavini, 10 μl supstrata (250 μM krajnje) i zatim 10 μl μ-kalpaina (2 μg/ml krajnje, tj. 18 nM) doda se u kivetu od 1 ml koja sadrži pufer. Cijepanje supstrata posredovano kalpainom mjeri se 15 – 20 minuta. Zatim se doda 10 μl inhibitora (50 – 100 μM otopina u DMSO) i inhibiciju cijepanja mjeri se tijekom 40 minuta.
Ki vrijednosti su određene prema slijedećoj jednadžbi za reverzibilnu inhibiciju:
(Methods in Enzymology, )
Ki = I/(v0/vi) - 1; gdje I = koncentracija inhibitora, v0 je početna brzina prije dodatka inhibitora; vi je brzina reakcije u ravnoteži.
Brzina je izračunata iz v = oslobađanje AMC/vrijeme, tj. visina/vrijeme.
Kalpain je intracelularna cistein proteaza. Kalpain inhibitori moraju proći kroz staničnu membranu da bi spriječili razgradnju intracelularnih proteina s kalpainom. Neki poznati kalpain inhibitori, kao na primjer, E 64 i leupeptin, teško prevladavaju stanične membrane, i iako su dobri kalpain inhibitori, u stanicama pokazuju skromno djelovanje. Cilj je pronaći spojeve koji bolje prolaze kroz membrane. Kao dokaz da inhibitori kalpaina prolaze kroz membranu, upotrijebljeni su humani trombociti.
Razgradnja tirozin kinaze pp60src u trombocitima posredstvom kalpaina
Nakon aktiviranja trombocita, tirozin kinaza pp60src je odcijepljena s kalpainom. Ovo ispitivanje istražili su u pojedinostima Oda et al. u J. Biol. Chem., 1993, Vol 268, 12603-12608. Pri tome, pokazano je da se cijepanje pp60src može učinkovito spriječiti s kalpeptinom, inhibitorom kalpaina. Učinkovitost naših tvari u stanici ispitana je prema ovoj publikaciji. Svježa krv pomiješana sa citratom centrifugira se 15 min pri 200 g. Plazma bogata s trombocitima se skupi i razrijedi 1:1 s puferom za trombocite (pufer za trombocite: 68 mM NaCl, 2,7 mM KCl, 0,5 mM MgCl2 x 6 H2O, 0,24 mM NaH2PO4 x Н2О, 12 mM НаНСО3, 5,6 mM glukoze, 1 mM EDTA, pH 7,4). Nakon centrifugiranja i ispiranja s puferom za trombocite, trombociti se namjeste na 107 stanica/ml. Izolacija humanih trombocita izvršena je pri sobnoj temperaturi.
U ispitnoj mješavini, izolirani trombociti (2 x 106) su prethodno inkubirani 5 minuta pri 37°C s različitim koncentracijama inhibitora (otopljenog u DMSO). Zatim su trombociti aktivirani s 1 μM ionoforom A23187 i 5 mM CaCl2. Nakon 5 min inkubacije, trombociti su kratko centrifugirani pri 13000 okr./min i talog je preuzet u SDS pufer za uzorke (SDS pufer za uzorke: 20 mM tris-HCl, 5mM EDTA, 5 mM EGTA, 1 mM DTT, 0,5 mM PMSF, 5 μg/ml leupeptina, 10 μg/ml pepstatina, 10% glicerola i 1% SDS). Proteini su odvojeni u 12%-tni gel i pp60src i njegovi proizvodi cijepanja 52 kDa i 47 kDa su identificirani pomoću Western blot-a. Upotrijebljeno poliklonsko zečje antitijelo anti-Cis-src (рр600-src) bilo je od tvrtke Biomol Feinchemikalien (Hamburg). To primarno antitijelo detektirano je upotrebom HRP-povezanog drugog antitijela iz koze (Boehringer Mannheim, FRG). Western blot ispitivanje je provedeno na poznati način.
Brojčano utvrđivanje cijepanja pp60src provedeno je denzitometrijom, a za kontrolu su upotrijebljeni neaktivirani trombociti (kontrola 1: nema odcjeljenja) i trombociti su pomiješani s ionoforom i kalcijem (kontrola 2: odgovora 100%-tnom odcjepljenju). Vrijednosti ED50 odgovaraju koncentraciji inhibitora pri kojoj je intenzitet obojene reakcija smanjen za 50%.
Smrt stanica u kortikalnim neuronima inducirana glutamatom
Ovo ispitivanje provedeno je kako su opisali Choi D. W., Maulucci-Gedde M. A, i Kriegstein A. R., "Glutamate neurotoksicity in cortical cell culture". J. Neurosci. 1989, 7, 357-368.
Polovice korteksa izvađene su iz 15 dana starih mišjih embrija i pojedinačne stanice su dobivene enzimatski (tripsin). Te stanice (glia i kortikalni neuroni) su inokulirane u pločicama s 24 jamice. Nakon tri dana (pločice premazane s lamininom) ili sedam dana (pločice premazane s ornitinom), izvršena je obrada s mitozom upotrebom FDU (5-fluor-2-deoksiuridin). 15 dana nakon pripravljanja stanica, smrt stanica inducirana je dodatkom glutamata (15 minuta). Nakon odstranjivanja glutamata, dodaju se inhibitori kalpaina. 24 sata kasnije, oštećenje stanica utvrđeno je određivanjem laktat dehidrogenaze (LDH) u supernatantu stanične kulture.
Polazi se od toga da kalpain također ima ulogu u apoptičkoj smrti stanice (M. K. T. Squier et al. J. Cell. Physiol. 1994, 159, 229-237; T. Patel et al. Faseb Journal 1996, 590, 587-597). Zbog toga je u slijedećem modelu smrt stanice inducirana s kalcijem u prisutnosti kalcijevog ionofora u humanoj staničnoj liniji. Kalpain inhibitori moraju ući u stanicu i tamo inhibirati kalpain kako bi spriječili induciranu smrt stanice.
Smrt stanice u NT2 stanicama posredovana s kalcijem
Smrt stanice može se inducirati u humanoj staničnoj liniji NT2 (Stratagene GmbH) pomoću kalcija u prisutnosti ionofora A 23187. 105 stanica/jamici stavi se u mikrotitarske pločice 20 sati prije pokusa. Po isteku tog perioda, stanice se inkubiraju s raznim koncentracijama inhibitora u prisutnosti 2,5 uM ionofora i 5 mM kalcija. Nakon 5 sati u reakcijsku mješavinu doda se 0,05 ml XTT (garnitura II za proliferaciju stanica, Boehringer Mannheim). Optičku gustoću utvrdi se približno 17 sati kasnije u skladu s uputama proizvođača, u Easy Reader-u EAR 400 tvrtke SLT. Optička gustoća pri kojoj je umrlo pola stanica izračuna se iz dviju kontrola sa stanicama bez inhibitora, koje su bile incubirane u odsutnosti i u prisutnosti ionofora.
U brojnim neurološkim bolestima ili psihološkim poremećajima dolazi do povišenog djelovanje glutamata, koje dovodi do stanja prekomjerne stimulacije ili toksičkih učinaka u središnjem nervnom sistemu (CNS). Glutamat posreduje svoje učinke pomoću raznih receptora. Dva od ovih receptora klasificirani su prema specifičnim agonistima kao MMDA receptor i AMPA receptor. Antagonisti protiv tih glutamatom posredovanih učinaka mogu se stoga upotrijebiti za liječenje tih bolesti, posebno za terapeutsku aplikaciju protiv neurodegenerativnih bolesti kao što su Huntingtonova bolest i Parkinsonova bolest, neurotoksički poremećaji nakon hipoksije, anoksije, ishemije i nakon lezija, kao što su one koje nastaju nakon udara i trauma, ili alternativno kao antiepileptici (vidi Arzneim. Forschung 1990, 40, 511-514; TIPS, 1990, 11, 334-338; Drugs of Future 1989, 14. 1059-1071).
Zaštita protiv cerebralne prekomjerne stimulacije s ekscitatorskim amino kiselinama (NMDA ili AMPA antagonizam na miševima)
Intracerebralnom aplikacijom ekscitatorskih amino kiselina (EAA) iducirana je masivna prekomjerna stimulacija tako da u kratkom vremenu dovodi do spazmi i smrti životinja (miševa). Ti simptomi se mogu inhibirati sistemskim, npr. intraperitonealnim, davanjem središnje aktivnih spojeva (EAA antagonista). Budući da prekomjerno aktiviranje EAA receptora središnjeg nervnog sistema ima važnu ulogu u patogenezi raznih neuroloških poremećaja, iz pokazanog EAA antagonizma in vivo može se zaključiti o mogućoj terapeutskoj upotrebi tvari protiv CNS poremećaja toga tipa. Kao mjera učinkovitosti tvari, određena je vrijednost ED50 pri kojoj je 50% životinja bilo bez simptoma kao rezultat prethodne i.p. aplikacije fiksne doze NMDA ili AMPA ispitne tvari.
Heterociklički supstituirani amidi I su inhibitori cisteinskih derivativa kao što su kalpain I ili II i katepsin B ili L i stoga se mogu upotrijebiti za suzbijanje bolesti koje su povezane s povišenim enzimskim djelovanjem kalpain enzima ili katepsin enzima. Predloženi amidi I mogu se, s tim u skladu, upotrijebiti za liječenje neuro-degenerativnih procesa koji se javljaju nakon ishemije, traume, subarahnoidnih krvarenja i udara, i neurodegenerativnih boelsti kao što je multipla infarktna demencija, Alzheimerova bolest, Huntingtonova bolest i epilepsije, te osim toga za liječenje ozljede srca nakon kardijalne ishemije, ozljeda i reperfuzija nakon vaskularne okluzije, ozljede bubrega nakon bubrežne ishemije, distrofije mišića, ozljede koja se javlja zbog proliferacije glatkih mišićnih stanica, koronarnih vazospazmi, cerebralnih vaospazmi, katarakta očiju, restenoza krvnih struja nakon angioplastije. Osim toga, amidi I mogu se upotrijebiti u kemoterapiji tumora i njihovih metastaza i za liječenje bolesti u kojima dolazi do povišene razine interleukina 1, kao što su upale i reumatski poremećaji.
Dodatno uz uobičajene farmaceutske pomoćne tvari, farmaceutski pripravci prema izumu sadrže terapeutski učinkovitu količinu spojeva I.
Za lokalnu vanjsku aplikaciju, na primjer u puderima za posipavanje, pomastima ili sprejevima, aktivni spojevi mogu biti sadržani u uobičajenim koncentracijama. U pravilu, aktivni spojevi su sadržani količinom od 0,001 do 1 mas. %, ponajprije 0,001 do 0,1 mas. %.
U slučaju unutarnje aplikacije, pripravci se daju u pojedinačnim dozama. U pojedinačnoj dozi previđeno je 0,1 do 100 mg po kg tjelesne težine. Pripravak se može dati u jednoj ili više dnevnih doza, ovisno o naravi i ozbiljnosti poremećaja.
Prema željenom načinu aplikacije, farmaceutski pripravci prema izumu osim aktivnog spoja sadrže uobičajene pomoćne tvari i sredstva za razrjeđenje. Za lokalnu vanjsku aplikaciju, mogu se upotrijebiti farmaceutska pomoćna sredstva kao etanol, izopropanol, etoksilirano ricinusovo ulje, etoksilirano hidrogenirano ricinusovo ulje, poliakrilna kiselina, polietilen glikol, polietilen glikol stearat, etoksilirani masni alkoholi, parafinsko ulje, vazelin i vunena mast. Za unutarnju aplikaciju prikladna je, na primjer, laktoza, propilen glikol, etanol, škrob, talk i polivinilpirolidon.
Mogu se dodati antioksidanti kao tokoferol i butilirani hidroksianizol kao i butilatirani hidroksi-toluen, dodaci za poboljšanje okusa, stabilizatori, emulgatori i lubrikanti.
Tvari sadržane u pripravku, dodatno uz aktivan spoj i tvari koje se upotrebljavaju za proizvodnju farmaceutskih pripravaka, su toksikološki prihvatljive i kompatibilne su s dotičnim aktivnim spojem. Farmaceutski pripravci se proizvode na uobičajen način, na primjer miješanjem aktivnog spoja s uobičajenim pomoćnim dodacima i sredstvima za razrjeđivanje.
Farmaceutski pripravci mogu se dati na razne načine, na primjer, oralno, parenteralno kao intravenski ili infuzijom, subkutano, intraperitonealno, i površinski. Tako su mogući pripravci u obliku tableta, emulzija, infuzijskih i injekcijskih otopina, paste, pomasti, gelovi, kreme, losioni, puderi i sprejevi.
PRIMJERI
Primjer 1
2-((4-fenilpiperazin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenil-propan-1-al-2-il)amide
a) Metil 2-(4-fenil-1-piperazinilmetil)benzoat
10,0 g metil 2-klorometilbenzoata, 15 g kalijevog karbonata, 8,8 g N-fenilpiperazina i na vrhu noža 18-kruna-6 u 200 ml DMF-a grije se 5 h pri 100°C i zatim se miješa 60 h pri sobnoj temperaturi. Suvišan kalijev karbonat se odfiltrira, filtrat se koncentrira, i ostatak se podijeli između vode i etil acetata. Sušenjem organske faze preko magnezijevog sulfata i odstranjivanjem otapala dobiveno je 16,8 g (100%) proizvoda.
b) 2-(4-fenil-1-piperazinilmetil)benzojeva kiselina
16,8 g intermedijata la stavi se u 150 ml THF-a, i pri sobnoj temperaturi doda se 1,7 g LiOH u 150 ml vode. Mutnu otopinu se izbistri dodatkom 10 ml MeOH. Reakcijsku smjesu se miješa 12 h pri sobnoj temperaturi i hidrolizira s ekvimolarnom količinom 1 M HCl. Reakcijsku smjesu se ispari do suhog i ostatak se preuzme u metanol/toluen. Odstranjivanjem otapala dobije se 15,2 g (86%) proizvoda, koji još uvijek sadrži sol.
c) 2-((4-fenilpiperazin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-ol-2-il)amid
3,0 g intermedijata 1b i 3 ml trietilamina se stavi u 50 ml DMF-a. Doda se 5 g natrijevog sulfata i smjesu se miješa 30 minua. Pri 0oC doda se uzastopno 1,5 g fenilalaninola, 1,4 g HOBT-a i 2,1 g EDC-a i smjesu se miješa preko noći pri sobnoj temperaturi. Reakcijsku smjesu se prelije u destiliranu vodu, zaluži s NaНСО3, zasiti se s NaCl i ekstrahira tri puta sa 100 ml metilen klorida. Organske faze se isperu dva puta s vodom i osuše preko magnezijevog sulfata. Odstranjivanjem otapala dobije se u 2,5 g (59%) proizvoda.
d) 2-((4-fenilpiperazin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
2,3 g intermedijata 1c stavi se u 50 ml DMSO u prisutnosti 2,4 g trietilamina, i doda se 2,5 g kompleksa SO2/piridina. Smjesu se miješa preko noći pri sobnoj temperaturi. Smjesu se prelije u 250 ml destilirane vode, zaluži s NaHCO3, zasiti s NaCl i ekstrahira sa 100 ml metilen klorida, i organsku fazu se osuši preko magnezijevog sulfata. Ostatak nakon odstranjivanja otapala se otopi u THF-u i hidroklorid se istaloži s HCl u dioksanu. Talog se odsisa i ispere nekoliko puta s eterom, čime se dobije 1,9 g (71%) proizvoda.
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 2,9 (2H), 3,0-3,3 (8H), 4,1-4,5 (2H), 4,7 (1Н), 6,8-7,7 (14Н), 9,3 (1Н), 9,8 (1Н) ppm.
Primjer 2
2-((4-benzilpiperazin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
a) Metil 2-((4-benzil-1-piperazinil)metil)benzoat
10,0 g metil 2-klorobenzoat i 9,6 g N-benzilpiperazina reagira u 200 ml DMF-a u prisutnosti 15 g kalijevog karbonata pri 100°C analogno primjeru 1a, čime se dobije 17,6 g (100%) proizvoda.
b) 2-((4-benzil-1-piperazinil)metil)benzojeva kiselina
17,5 g intermedijata 2a u 150 ml THF-a hidrolizira se s 1,6 g LiOH u 150 ml vode analno primjeru 1b, čime se dobije 9,1 g (54%) proizvoda.
c) 2-((4-benzilpiperazin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-ol-2-il)amid
3,0 g intermedijaat 2b reagira u 60 ml DMF-a s 3 ml trietilamina, 1,5 g fenilalaninola, 1,3 g HOBT-a i 2,0 g EDC-a analogno primjeru 1c, čime se dobije 2,0 g (46%) proizvoda.
d) 2-((4-benzilpiperazin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
1,5 g intermedijata 2c oksidira se u 40 ml DMSO s 1,9 g kompleksa SО3/piridina u 20 ml DMSO u prisutnosti 2,3 ml trietilamina analogno primjeru 1d, čime se dobije 0,4 g (21%) proizvoda u obliku fumarata.
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 2,1-2,3 (8H), 2,9-3,0 (1Н), 3,3-3,6 (6H), 4,5 (1Н), 6,6 (2H), 7,1-7,7 (14Н), 9,7 (1Н), 10,3 (1Н) ppm.
Primjer 3
2-((4-benzilpiperazin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina H-(1-karbamoil-1-okso-3-fenilpropan-2-il)amid
a) 2-((4-benzilpiperazin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(1-karbamoil-1-ol-3-fenilpropan-2-il)amid
1,5 g intermedijata 2b reagira u 40 ml DMF s 0,7 ml trietilamina, 1,0 g 3-amino-2-hidroksi-4-fenilbutiramid hidroklorida, 0,6 g HOBT-a i 0,9 g EDC-a analogno primjeru 1c, čime se dobije u 0,8 g (38%) proizvoda.
b) 2-((4-benzilpiperazin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(1-karbamoil-1-okso-3-fenilpropan-2-il)amid
0,7 g intermedijata 3а oksidira se u 20 ml DMSO s 0,7 g kompleksa SО3/piridina u prisutnosti 0,8 g trietilamina analogno primjeru 1d, čime se dobije 0,1 g (18%) proizvoda u obliku slobodne baze.
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 2,3 (4H), 2,8-3,5 (8H), 5,3 (1Н), 6,7-7,5 (16H), 7,8 (1Н), 8,1 (1Н), 10,3 (1Н) ppm.
Primjer 4
2-(4-((3-metilfenil)piperazin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N- (l-karbamoil-1-okso-3-fenilpropan-2-il)amid
a) Metil 2-(4-((3-metilfenil)-1-piperazinil)-metil)benzoat
4,0 g metil 2-klormetilbenzoata i 4,4 g 3-metil-fenil-piperazina grije se 3 h u 200 ml DMF-a u prisutnosti 4,5 g kalijevog karbonata pri 140°C. Reakcijsku smjesu se prelije u vodu i ekstrahira tri puta s etil acetatom. Sjedinjene organske faze se ispru tri puta sa zasićenom otopinom NaCl, osuše preko magnezijevog sulfata i koncentriraju, čime se dobije u 6,5 g (92%) proizvoda.
b) 2-(4-((3-metilfenil)-1-piperazinil)metil)-benzojeva kiselina
5,9 g intermedijata 4a otopi se u 75 ml THF i hidrolizira s 0,9 g LiOH u 75 ml vode analogno primjeru 1b, čime se dobije u 2,9 g (51%) proizvoda.
c) 2-(4-((3-metilfenil)piperazin-1-il)metil)-benzojeva kiselina N-(l-karbamoil-1-ol-3-fenilpropan-2-il)amid
1,8 g intermedijata 4b se stavi u 50 ml DMF-a u prisutnosti 2,7 ml trietilamina, i 0,8 g HOBT-a. Uzastopno se doda 1,3 g 3-amino-2-hidroksi-4-fenilbutiramid hidro-klorida i 1,2 g EDC-a analogno primjeru 1c, čime se dobije 1,4 g (50%) proizvoda.
d) 2-(4-((3-metilfenil)piperazin-1-il)metil)-benzojeva kiselina N-(l-karbamoil-1-okso-3-fenilpropan-2-il)amid
1,2 g intermedijata 4c otopi se u 30 ml DMSO i oksidira s 1,6 g kompleksa SO3/piridina u prisutnosti 1,5 ml trietilamina analogno primjeru 1d, čime se dobije 1,0 g (83%) proizvoda.
MS: m/e = 484 (M+)
Primjeri 5 i 6 sintetizirani su analogno primjeru 1.
Primjer 5
3-((4-fenilpiperazin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid fumarat
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 2,5 (4H), 2,9 (1H), 3,2 (4H), 3,3 (1Н), 3,7 (2Н), 4,5 (1H), 6,6 (2H), 6,75 (1Н), 6,9 (2H), 7,2 (2Н), 7,2-7,3 (5Н), 7,45 (1Н), 7,55 (1Н), 7,75 (1Н), 7,8 (2Н), 8,9 (1Н), 9,7 (1Н) ppm.
Primjer 6
3-((4-(2-terc-butil-4-trifluormetilpirimidin-6-il)-homopiperazin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenil-
propan-1-al-2-il) amid
MS: m/e = 568 (M++l)
Primjer 7
4-(N-(3,4-dioksometilen)benzil-N-metilaminometil)-benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
a) 4-(N-(3,4-dioksometilen)benzil-N-metilaminometil)-benzojeva kiselina
11,5 g N-(3,4-dioksometilen)benzil-N-metilamina i 15,5 g trietilamina stavi se u, i doda se 15,0 g 4-brommetil-benzojeve kiseline u 100 ml THF-a. Reakcijsku smjesu se kratko zagrije do refluksa i zatim se miješa 15 h pri sobnoj temperaturi. Kad se sol odfiltrira, matičnicu se koncentrira i ostatak se otopi u etil acetatu i ispere s vodom. Vodenu fazu se zaluži i ekstrahira nekoliko puta s etil acetatom, čime se dobije 6,6 g (32%) proizvoda kao bijele krute tvari.
b) 4-(N-(3,4-dioksometilen)benzil-N-metilaminometil)-benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-ol-2-il)amid
4,4 g intermedijata 5a stavi se u 50 mi DMF u prisutnosti 2,9 g trietilamina i uzastopno se doda 1,8 g HOBT-a, 2,0 g fenilalaninola i 2,8 g EDC-a analogno primjeru 1c, čime se dobije 2,3 g (40%) proizvoda.
c) 4-(N-(3,4-dioksometilen)benzil-N-metilamino-metil)-benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-al-2-il)-amid
2,0 g intermedijata 5b otopi se u 60 ml DMSO i oksidira s 2,1 g kompleksa SО3/piridina u prisutnosti 1,8 ml trietilamina analogno primjeru 1d, čime se dobije 1,3 g (68%) proizvoda.
1H-NMR (CF3COOD): δ = 2,9 (3H), 3,2 (2H), 4,3-4,9 (5H), 6,1 (2H), 6,6 (1Н), 6,9 (3H), 7,2-7,4 (5Н), 7,8 (2H), 8,25 (2H) ppm.
MS: m/e = 430 (M+)
Primjeri 8-28 proizvedeni su analogno primjeru 7.
Primjer 8
4-(M-benzil-N-metilaminometil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (CF3COOD): δ = 2,9 (ЗН), 3,2 (2Н), 4,3-5,0 (5Н), 6,7 (1Н), 7,25-7,5 (8H), 7,55 (2Н), 7,8 (2Н), 8,2 (2Н) ppm.
MS: m/e = 386 (M+)
Primjer 9
4-(N-(4-metoksi)benzil-N-metilaminometil)benzojeva kiselina
N-(3-fenilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (CF3COOD): δ = 2,9 (3Н), 3,3 (2Н), 4,0 (ЗН), 4,3-4,9 (5Н), 6,7 (1Н), 7,1-7,4 (7Н), 7,5 (2Н), 7,8 (2Н), 8,2 (2Н) ppm.
MS: m/e = 416 (M+)
Primjer 10
4-(N-benzil-N-metilaminometil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-butan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (CF3COOD): δ = 1,1 (3H), 1,6 (2Н), 2,0 (2Н), 2,9 (ЗН), 4,3-4,5 (ЗН), 4,7 (1Н), 4,8 (1Н), 6,6 (1Н), 7,3-7,6 (5H), 7,8 (2Н), 8,3 (2Н) ppm.
MS: m/e = 338 (M+)
Primjer 11
4-(N-(3,4-dioksometilen)benzil-N-metilaminometil)-benzojeva kiselina N-(3-butan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (CF3COOD): δ = 1,1 (3Н), 1,6 (2Н), 1,9 (2Н), 2,9 (3Н), 4,25-4,6 (4Н), 4,75 (1Н), 6,1 (2H), 6,6 (1Н), 6,9 (3Н), 7,8 (2Н), 8,3 (2Н) ppm.
MS: m/e = 382 (M+)
Primjer 12
4-(N-(4-metoksi)benzil-N-metilaminometil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-butan-1-al-2-il)amid
MS: m/e = 368 (M+)
Primjer 13
4-(N-(3,4-dioksometilen)benzil-N-metilaminometil)-benzojeva kiselina N-(3-cikloheksilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (CF3COOD): δ = 1,0-2,0 (13H), 2,9 (3Н), 4,3-4,9 (4Н), 6,1 (2Н), 6,6 (1Н), 6,9 (3Н), 7,8 (2Н), 8,3 (2Н)
ppm.
MS: m/e = 436 (M+)
Primjer 14
4-(N-(4-benzil-M-metilamlnometil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-cikloheksilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 1,0-1,8 (13H), 2,1 (3Н), 3,4 (2Н), 3,5 (2Н), 4,3 (1Н), 7,1-7,4 (5Н), 7,5 (2Н), 7,8 (2Н) , 8,8 (1Н), 9,5 (1Н) ppm.
Primjer 15
4-(N-(4-metoksi)benzil-M-metilaminometil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-cikloheksilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (CDCl3): δ = 1,0-1,8 (13H), 2,1 (3Н), 3,4 (2Н), 3,5 (2Н), 3,7 (3Н), 4,3 (1Н), 6,8 (2H), 7,25 (2Н), 7,5 (2Н), 7,9 (2Н), 8,8 (1Н), 9,5 (1Н) ppm.
Primjer 16
4-((2-fenilpirolid-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-cikloheksilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
MS: m/e = 420 (M+)
Primjer 17
4-((2-fenilpirolid-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-butan-1-al-2-il)amid
MS: m/e = 364 (M+)
Primjer 18
4-((2-fenilpirolid-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
MS: m/e = 412 (M+)
Primjer 19
4-((l,2,3,4-dihidrokinolin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-cikloheksilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (CDCl3): δ = 1,0-1,9 (13H), 2,0 (2Н), 2,8 (2Н), 3,3 (2Н), 4,5 (2Н), 4,8 (1Н), 6,4 (1Н), 6,5 (2Н), 7,0 (2Н), 7,4 (2Н), 7,8 (2Н), 9,7 (1Н) ppm.
MS: m/e = 404 (M+)
Primjer 20
4-((l,2,3,4-dihidrokinolin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 1,9 (2H), 2,75 (2Н), 2,9 (1H), 3,3 (1H), 3,4 (2H), 4,4 (1Н), 4,5 (2H), 6,3 (2Н), 6,8 (2Н), 7,1-7,25 (5Н), 7,3 (2Н), 7,7 (2Н), 8,8 (1Н), 9,5 (1H) ppm.
MS: m/e = 398 (M+)
Primjer 21
4-((l,2,3,4-dihidrokinolin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-butan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 0,9 (3H), 1,2-2,0 (6H), 2,7 (2Н), 3,3 (2Н), 4,2 (1H), 4,5 (2Н), 6,4 (2Н), 6,8 (2Н), 7,3 (2Н), 7,8 (2Н), 8,8 (1H), 9,5 (1H) ppm.
MS: m/e s= 350 (M+)
Primjer 22
4-((l,2,3,4-dihidroizokinolin-2-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-cikloheksilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 0,9-1,8 (13H), 2,7-2,9 (4H), 3,6 (2Н), 3,75 (2Н), 4,4 (1Н), 6,9-7,1 (4H), 7,4 (2Н), 7,8 (2Н), 8,8 (1H), 9,5 (1H) ppm.
MS: m/e = 404 (M+)
Primjer 23
4-((l,2,3,4-dihidroizokinolin-2-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 2,7 (2H), 2,8 (2H), 2,9 (1Н), 3,2 (1H), 3,5 (2H), 3,7 (2H), 4,5 (1H), 6,9-7,1 (4H), 7,2-7,3 (5H), 7,5 (2H), 7,75 (2H), 8,8 (1H), 9,5 (1Н) ppm.
MS: m/e = 398 (M+)
Primjer 24
4-((l,2,3,4-dihidroizokinolin-2-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina M-(3-butan-1-al-2-il)amid hidroklorid
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 0,9 (3H), 1,2-2,0 (4H), 3,0 (1Н), 3,3 (2H), 3,6 (1Н), 4,1-4,6 (5H), 7,2 (4H), 7,8 (2H), 8,0 (2H), 9,0 (1Н), 9,5 (1Н), 11,75 (1Н) ppm.
Primjer 25
4-((6,7-dimetoksi-l,2,3,4-dihidroizokinolin-2-il)-metil)-benzojeva kiselina N-(3-cikloheksilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 0,9-1,9 (13H), 2,7 (4H), 3,4 (2H), 3,6 (3H), 3,65 (2H), 3,7 (3H), 4,3 (1Н), 6,5 (1Н), 6,6 (1Н), 7,5 (2H), 7,8 (2H), 8,8 (1H), 9,5 (1Н) ppm.
MS: m/e = 464 (M+)
Primjer 26
4-((6,7-dimetoksi-l,2,3,4-dihidroizokinolin-2-il)-metil)-benzojeva kiselina N-(3-fenilpropan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 2,7 (4H), 2,9 (1Н), 3,25 (1Н), 3,6 (6H), 3,7 (2H), 4,5 (1Н), 6,6 (1Н), 6,7 (1Н), 7,2-7,3 (5H), 7,4 (2H), 7,8 (2H), 8,9 (1Н), 9,6 (1Н) ppm.
MS: m/e = 458 (M+)
Primjer 27
4-((6,7-dimetoksi-l,2,3,4-dihidroizokinolin-2-il)-metil)-benzojeva kiselina N-(3-butan-1-al-2-il)amid
1H-NMR (d6-DMSO): δ = 0,9 (3Н), 1,4 (2Н), 1,5-1,8 (2Н), 2,7 (4Н), 3,4 (2Н), 3,7 (3Н), 3,75 (3Н), 3,8 (2Н), 4,3 (1Н), 6,6 (1H), 6,7 (1H), 7,4 (2H), 7,8 (2Н), 8,8 (1Н), 9,5 (1H) ppm.
MS: m/e = 410 (M+)
Primjer 28
2-((1,2,3,4-dihidrokinolin-1-il)metil)benzojeva kiselina N-(3-butan-1-al-2-il)amid
MS: m/e = 441 (M+)
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
[image]
Claims (23)
1. Amid opće formule I
[image]
i njegovi tautomerni i izomerni oblici, mogući enantiomerni i diastereomerni oblici, i moguće fiziološki podnošljive soli, naznačen time, da u njemu varijable imaju slijedeća značenja:
R1 može biti vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat i nerazgranat, fenil, naftil, kinolil, piridil, pirimidil, pirazil, piridazil, kinazolil, kinoksalil, tienil, benzo-tienil, benzofuranil, furanil i indolil, pri čemu prstenovi također mogu biti supstituirani s 3 radikala R6 radikala, i
R2 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, O- C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, C2-C6-alkenil, C2-C6-alkinil, C1-C6-alkil-fenil, C2-C6-alkenil-fenil, C2-C6-alkinil-fenil, OH, Cl, F, Br, J, СF3, NO2, NH2, CN, COOH, COO-C1-C4-alkil, NHCO-C1-C4-alkil, NHCO-fenil, CONHR9, NHSO2- C1-C4-alkil, NHSO2-fenil, SO2-C1-C4-alkil i SO2-fenil, i
R3 može biti NR7R8 ili prsten kao
[image]
R4 je -C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, koji može također nositi fenilni, piridilni, tienilni, cikloheksilni, indolilni ili naftilni prsten koji je sa svoje strane supstituiran s najviše dva radikala R6, i
R5 je vodik, COOR11 i CO-Z u kojem Z je NR12R13 i
[image]
i
R6 je vodik, C1-C4-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, -O-C1-C4-alkil, OH, Cl, F, Br, J, СF3, NO2, NH2, CN, COOH, COO-C1-C4-alkil, -NHCO-C1-C4-alkil, -NHCO-fenil, -NHSO2-C1-C4-alkil, -NHSO2-fenil, -SO2- C1-C4-alkil i –SO2-fenil, i
R7 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, ravan ili razgranat, i koji može biti supstituiran s fenilnim prstenom koji sam također može biti supstituiran s jednim ili dva radikala R10, i
R8 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, ravan ili razgranat, koji može biti supstituiran s fenilnim prstenom koji sam također može biti supstituiran s jednim ili dva radikala R10, i
R9 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, ravan ili razgranat, koji također može nositi supstituent R16, ili fenil, piridil, pirimidil, piridazil, pirazinil, pirazil, naftil, kinolil, imidazolil, koji također može nositi supstituent R14 i
R10 može biti vodik, C1-C4-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, -O-C1-C4-alkil, OH, Cl, F, Br, J, СF3, NO2, NH2, CN, COOH, COO-C1-C4-alkil, -NHCO-C1-C4-alkil, -NHCO-fenil, -NHSO2-C1-C4-alkil, -NHSO2-fenil, -SO2-C1-C4-alkil i –SO2-fenil, i
R11 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, ravan ili razgranat, i koji može biti supstituiran s fenilnim prstenom koji sam također može biti supstituiran s jednim ili dva radikala R10, i
R12 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, ravan ili razgranat, i
[image]
R13 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, koji također može biti supstituiran s fenilnim prstenom koji također može nositi radikal R10, i
R14 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, -O-C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, OH, Cl, F, Br, J, СF3, NO2, NH2, CN, COOH, COO-C1-C4-alkil, ili dva radikala R14 mogu predstavljati most OC(R15)2O, i
R15 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat i nerazgranat, i
R16 može biti a fenil, piridil, pirimidil, piridazil, pirazinil, pirazil, pirolil, naftil, kinolil, imidazolil prsten, koji također može nositi jedan ili dva supstituenta R6, i
A je –(CH2)m-, –(CH2)m-O-(CH2)o-, –(CH2)o-S-(CH2)m-, –(CH2)o-SO-(CH2)m-, –(CH2)o-SO2–(CH2)m-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -CO-CH=CH-, -(CH2)o-СО–(CH2)m-, –(CH2)m-NНСО–(CH2)o-, –(CH2)o-CONH–(CH2)o-, –(CH2)m-NHSO2–(CH2)o-, -NH-CO-CH=CH-, –(CH2)m-SO2NН–(CH2)o-, -CH=CH-CONH- i
[image]
R1-A također zajedno predstavljaju
i
В je fenil, piridine, pirimidine, pirazine, imidazole i tiazole, i
x je 1, 2 ili 3, i
n je broj 0, 1 ili 2, i
m i o, međusobno neovisno predstavljaju broj 0, 1, 2, 3 ili 4.
2. Heterociklički supstituirani amid formule I prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da
В je piridine ili fenil, i
R5 je vodik, i
R9 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, koji također nosi supstituent R16,
R16 je fenil koji također može nositi jedan ili dva supstituenta R14, i
n je 0 i 1, i
x je 1.
3. Heterociklički supstituirani amid formule I prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da
В je piridine ili fenil, i
R5 je CONR12R13, i
R9 vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, koji također može nositi a supstituent R16,
R16 je fenil koji također može nositi jedan ili dva supstituenta R14, i
n je 0 i 1, i
x je 1.
4. Amid s heterocikličkim supstituentima formule I, prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da
В je piridin ili fenil, i
R2 je hidrogen,
R5 je vodik, i
R9 vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, koji također može nositi supstituent R16,
R16 fenil koji također može nositi jedan ili dva supstituenta R14, i
n je 0 i 1, i
x je 1.
5. Heterociklički supstituirani amid formule I prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da
В je piridine ili fenil, i
R2 je vodik,
R5 je CONR12R13, i
R9 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, također može nositi supstituent R16,
R16 je fenil koji također može nositi jedan one ili dva supstituenta R14, i
n je 0 i 1, i
x je 1.
6. Heterociklički supstituirani amid formule I prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da
A je –(CH2)m-, –(CH2)m-O-(CH2)o-, –(CH2)o-S-(CH2)m-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-,–(CH2)m-NНСО–(CH2)o-, –(CH2)m-SO2NН–(CH2)o-, i
B je piridine ili fenil, i
R2 je vodik, i
R5 je vodik, i
R9 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, koji također može nositi supstituent R16, i
R16 je fenil, i
m, n, о predstavljaju 0 i 1, i
x je 1.
7. Heterociklički supstituirani amid formule I, prema zahtjevu, naznačen time, da
A je –(CH2)m-, –(CH2)m-O-(CH2)o-, –(CH2)o-S-(CH2)m-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-,–(CH2)m-NНСО–(CH2)o-, –(CH2)m-SO2NН–(CH2)o-, i
B je piridine ili fenil, i
R2 je vodik, i
R5 je CONR12R13, i
R9 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, koji također može nositi supstituent R16, i
R16 je fenil, i
m, n, о predstavljaju 0 i 1, i
x je 1.
8. Heterociklički supstituirani amid formule I prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da
В je piridin ili fenil, i
R1, R2 predstavljaju vodik, i
R5 je vodik, i
R9 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, koji također može nositi supstituent R16, i
R16 je fenil, i
m, n, о predstavljaju 0, i
x je 1.
9. Heterociklički supstituirani amid formule I prema zahtjevu 1, naznačen time, da
В je piridin ili fenil, i
R1, R2 predstavljaju vodi,
R5 je CONR12R13, i
R9 je vodik, C1-C6-alkil, razgranat ili nerazgranat, koji također može nositi supstituent R16, i
R16 je fenil, i
m, n, о predstavljaju 0, i
x je 1.
10. Upotreba amida formula I prema zahtjevima 1-5, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za liječenje bolesti.
11. Upotreba amida formule I prema zahtjevima 1-5, naznačena time, da se oni koriste kao inhibitori cistein proteaza.
12. Upotreba prema zahtjevu 6, naznačena time, da se oni koriste kao inhibitori cistein proteaza kao što su kalpaini i katepsini, posebno kalpaini I i II i katepsini B i L.
13. Upotreba amida formule I prema zahtjevima 1-5, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za proizvodnju lijekova za liječenje bolesti u kojima dolazi do povišene aktivnosti kalpaina.
14. Upotreba amida formule I prema zahtjevima 1-5, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za proizvodnju lijekova za liječenje neurodegenerativnih bolesti i neuronskih ozljeda.
15. Upotreba prema zahtjevu 9, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za liječenje onih neurodegenerativnih bolesti i neuronskih ozljeda, koje su uzrokovane ishemijom, traumom ili obimnim krvarenjima.
16. Upotreba prema zahtjevu 10, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za liječenje moždanog udara i kraniocerebralne traume.
17. Upotreba prema zahtjevu 10, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za liječenje Alzheimerove bolesti i Huntingtonove bolesti.
18. Upotreba prema zahtjevu 10, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za liječenje epilepsije.
19. Upotreba spojeva formule I prema zahtjevima 1-5, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za proizvodnju lijekova i za liječenje ozljeda srca nakon kardijanih ishemija, ozljede bubrega nakon renalne ishemije, ozljede i reperfuzije nakon vaskularne okluzije, ozljeda kostura i mišića, distrofija mišića, ozljeda koje su posljedica proliferacije glatkih mišićnih stanica, koronarnih vazospazmi, cerebralnih vazospazmi, katarakta očiju i restenoza krvnih struja nakon angioplastije.
20. Upotreba amida formule I prema zahtjevima 1-5, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za proizvodnju lijekova za liječenje tumora i njihovih metastaza.
21. Upotreba amida formule I prema zahtjevima 1-5, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za proizvodnju lijekova za liječenje bolesti u kojima dolazi do povišenih razina interleukina 1.
22. Upotreba amida formule I prema zahtjevima 1-5, naznačena time, da se oni koriste za liječenje upala i reumatskih bolesti.
23. Farmaceutski pripravak za oralnu, parenteralnu i intraperitonealmu upotrebu, naznačen time, da u pojedinačnoj dozi, osim uobičajenih farmaceutskih pomoćnih tvari, sadrži najmanje jedan amid I prema zahtjevima 1-5.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19817460 | 1998-04-20 | ||
PCT/EP1999/002620 WO1999054320A1 (de) | 1998-04-20 | 1999-04-19 | Neue heterocyclisch substituierte amide mit cystein-protease hemmender wirkung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
HRP20000788A2 true HRP20000788A2 (en) | 2001-06-30 |
Family
ID=7865112
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
HR20000788A HRP20000788A2 (en) | 1998-04-20 | 2000-11-17 | Novel heterocyclically substituted amides with cysteine protease-inhibiting effect |
Country Status (18)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1080083A1 (hr) |
JP (1) | JP2002512240A (hr) |
KR (1) | KR20010042839A (hr) |
CN (1) | CN1306526A (hr) |
AU (1) | AU3818799A (hr) |
BG (1) | BG104885A (hr) |
BR (1) | BR9909819A (hr) |
CA (1) | CA2328720A1 (hr) |
HR (1) | HRP20000788A2 (hr) |
HU (1) | HUP0101839A3 (hr) |
ID (1) | ID26728A (hr) |
IL (1) | IL138999A0 (hr) |
NO (1) | NO20005261D0 (hr) |
PL (1) | PL343551A1 (hr) |
SK (1) | SK15062000A3 (hr) |
TR (1) | TR200003071T2 (hr) |
WO (1) | WO1999054320A1 (hr) |
ZA (1) | ZA200006714B (hr) |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10114762A1 (de) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-10-02 | Knoll Gmbh | Verwendung von Cysteinprotease-Inhibitoren |
EP1389189A2 (en) | 2001-05-22 | 2004-02-18 | Neurogen Corporation | Melanin concentrating hormone receptor ligands: substituted 1-benzyl-4-aryl piperazine analogues |
EP1935885A3 (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2008-10-15 | Neurogen Corporation | Melanin concentrating hormone receptor ligands : substituted 1-benzyl-4-aryl piperazine analogues. |
EP1465862A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 | 2004-10-13 | SmithKline Beecham Corporation | Cycloalkyl ketoamides derivatives useful as cathepsin k inhibitors |
DE60334016D1 (de) | 2002-11-05 | 2010-10-14 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Antibakterielle mittel |
CA2505098A1 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2004-05-27 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Phenylcarboxamide beta-secretase inhibitors for the treatment of alzheimer's disease |
US7084154B2 (en) | 2003-02-11 | 2006-08-01 | Pharmacopeia Drug Disclovery, Inc. | 2-(aminomethyl) arylamide analgesics |
ES2381879T3 (es) | 2006-12-29 | 2012-06-01 | Abbott Gmbh & Co. Kg | Compuestos de carboxamida y su uso como inhibidores de calpaína |
CA2677803A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 | 2008-08-14 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Compositions and methods to prevent cancer with cupredoxins |
TWI453019B (zh) | 2007-12-28 | 2014-09-21 | Abbvie Deutschland | 甲醯胺化合物 |
TWI519530B (zh) | 2009-02-20 | 2016-02-01 | 艾伯維德國有限及兩合公司 | 羰醯胺化合物及其作為鈣蛋白酶(calpain)抑制劑之用途 |
US8236798B2 (en) | 2009-05-07 | 2012-08-07 | Abbott Gmbh & Co. Kg | Carboxamide compounds and their use as calpain inhibitors |
US8598211B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2013-12-03 | Abbvie Inc. | Carboxamide compounds and their use as calpain inhibitors IV |
US9051304B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2015-06-09 | AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG | Carboxamide compounds and their use as calpain inhibitors V |
WO2012027495A1 (en) | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-01 | University Of The Pacific | Piperazinylpyrimidine analogues as protein kinase inhibitors |
US9062027B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 | 2015-06-23 | AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG | Carboxamide compounds and their use as calpain inhibitors V |
WO2013149800A1 (en) | 2012-04-03 | 2013-10-10 | AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG | Carboxamide compounds and their use as calpain inhibitors v |
US10071584B2 (en) | 2012-07-09 | 2018-09-11 | Apple Inc. | Process for creating sub-surface marking on plastic parts |
US10590084B2 (en) | 2016-03-09 | 2020-03-17 | Blade Therapeutics, Inc. | Cyclic keto-amide compounds as calpain modulators and methods of production and use thereof |
EP3481835A4 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2020-02-26 | Blade Therapeutics, Inc. | CALPAIN MODULATORS AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC USES |
EP3523294A4 (en) | 2016-09-28 | 2021-01-13 | Blade Therapeutics, Inc. | CALPAIN MODULATORS AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC USES |
US11034669B2 (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2021-06-15 | Nuvation Bio Inc. | Pyrrole and pyrazole compounds and methods of use thereof |
WO2023165334A1 (zh) * | 2022-03-01 | 2023-09-07 | 成都威斯克生物医药有限公司 | 酮酰胺类衍生物及其制药用途 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0564561A4 (en) * | 1990-12-28 | 1994-08-10 | Georgia Tech Res Inst | Peptides ketoamides, ketoacids, and ketoesters |
CA2071621C (en) * | 1991-06-19 | 1996-08-06 | Ahihiko Hosoda | Aldehyde derivatives |
JP2848232B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-19 | 1999-01-20 | 武田薬品工業株式会社 | アルデヒド誘導体 |
CA2221684A1 (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1996-12-12 | Athena Neurosciences, Inc. | Novel cathepsin and methods and compositions for inhibition thereof |
DE19642591A1 (de) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-04-16 | Basf Ag | Neue Piperidin-Ketocarbonsäure-Derivate, deren Herstellung und Anwendung |
DE19648793A1 (de) * | 1996-11-26 | 1998-05-28 | Basf Ag | Neue Benzamide und deren Anwendung |
DE19650975A1 (de) * | 1996-12-09 | 1998-06-10 | Basf Ag | Neue heterocyclisch substituierte Benzamide und deren Anwendung |
WO1998025883A1 (de) * | 1996-12-11 | 1998-06-18 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Ketobenzamide als calpain-inhibitoren |
-
1999
- 1999-04-19 AU AU38187/99A patent/AU3818799A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-04-19 SK SK1506-2000A patent/SK15062000A3/sk unknown
- 1999-04-19 HU HU0101839A patent/HUP0101839A3/hu unknown
- 1999-04-19 TR TR2000/03071T patent/TR200003071T2/xx unknown
- 1999-04-19 JP JP2000544659A patent/JP2002512240A/ja active Pending
- 1999-04-19 WO PCT/EP1999/002620 patent/WO1999054320A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-04-19 KR KR1020007011604A patent/KR20010042839A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-04-19 PL PL99343551A patent/PL343551A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-04-19 CA CA002328720A patent/CA2328720A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-04-19 BR BR9909819-9A patent/BR9909819A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-19 EP EP99920705A patent/EP1080083A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-04-19 IL IL13899999A patent/IL138999A0/xx unknown
- 1999-04-19 ID IDW20002133A patent/ID26728A/id unknown
- 1999-04-19 CN CN99807637A patent/CN1306526A/zh active Pending
-
2000
- 2000-10-19 NO NO20005261A patent/NO20005261D0/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-10-24 BG BG104885A patent/BG104885A/xx unknown
- 2000-11-17 HR HR20000788A patent/HRP20000788A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-11-17 ZA ZA200006714A patent/ZA200006714B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO20005261L (no) | 2000-10-19 |
TR200003071T2 (tr) | 2001-04-20 |
SK15062000A3 (sk) | 2001-05-10 |
JP2002512240A (ja) | 2002-04-23 |
BG104885A (en) | 2001-05-31 |
HUP0101839A3 (en) | 2002-01-28 |
HUP0101839A2 (hu) | 2001-11-28 |
NO20005261D0 (no) | 2000-10-19 |
KR20010042839A (ko) | 2001-05-25 |
ZA200006714B (en) | 2001-11-19 |
AU3818799A (en) | 1999-11-08 |
EP1080083A1 (de) | 2001-03-07 |
PL343551A1 (en) | 2001-08-27 |
WO1999054320A1 (de) | 1999-10-28 |
ID26728A (id) | 2001-02-01 |
IL138999A0 (en) | 2001-11-25 |
CA2328720A1 (en) | 1999-10-28 |
CN1306526A (zh) | 2001-08-01 |
BR9909819A (pt) | 2000-12-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
AU721620B2 (en) | Novel ketobenzamides and their use | |
US6562827B1 (en) | Heterocyclically substituted amides used as calpain inhibitors | |
US6630493B1 (en) | Heterocyclically substituted amides, their preparation and use | |
AU753402B2 (en) | New substituted amides, their production and their use | |
HRP20000788A2 (en) | Novel heterocyclically substituted amides with cysteine protease-inhibiting effect | |
US6172072B1 (en) | Heterocyclically substituted benzamides and their use in fighting diseases | |
HRP20000777A2 (en) | New substituted benzamides, their production and use | |
US6482832B1 (en) | Heterocyclically substituted amides, their production and their use | |
US20110275615A1 (en) | Novel substituted amides, their preparation and use | |
HRP970549A2 (en) | Novel piperidineketocarboxylic acid derivatives, their preparation and use | |
MXPA00010274A (en) | Novel heterocyclically substituted amides with cysteine protease-inhibiting effect | |
MXPA00010145A (en) | Heterocyclically substituted amides, their production and their use | |
MXPA00009755A (en) | New substituted amides, their production and their use | |
MXPA00009969A (en) | New substituted amides, their production and their use |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A1OB | Publication of a patent application | ||
ARAI | Request for the grant of a patent on the basis of the submitted results of a substantive examination of a patent application | ||
OBST | Application withdrawn |