WO2023165334A1 - 酮酰胺类衍生物及其制药用途 - Google Patents

酮酰胺类衍生物及其制药用途 Download PDF

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WO2023165334A1
WO2023165334A1 PCT/CN2023/076078 CN2023076078W WO2023165334A1 WO 2023165334 A1 WO2023165334 A1 WO 2023165334A1 CN 2023076078 W CN2023076078 W CN 2023076078W WO 2023165334 A1 WO2023165334 A1 WO 2023165334A1
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compound
stereoisomer
pharmaceutically acceptable
acceptable salt
optical isomer
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PCT/CN2023/076078
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨胜勇
李琳丽
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成都威斯克生物医药有限公司
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Publication of WO2023165334A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023165334A1/zh

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Definitions

  • R 1 is hydrogen, halogen, halogenated or unsubstituted C 1-3 alkyl or unsubstituted C 1-3 alkoxy.
  • R 2 is hydrogen or C 1-8 alkyl.
  • R 3 is hydrogen or CH 2 R 3a ;
  • R 3a is selected from phenyl, ethyl, cyclohexyl, furyl, naphthyl or F-substituted phenyl.
  • R 4 is selected from any of the following substituted or unsubstituted groups: C 1-4 alkyl, C 1-4 alkoxy, 3-7 membered saturated cycloalkyl, 4-6 membered saturated hetero Cyclic group, 5-6 membered aryl group, 5-6 membered azaaryl group, bridging ring group, naphthyl group, benzofuryl group, benzopyridyl group, or 5-6 membered saturated oxygen heterocyclic group aphenylene group;
  • any two of R 4a , R 4b , R 4c , and R 4d are connected to form a halogenated or unsubstituted 3-6 membered saturated carbocycle or oxygen heterocycle.
  • R 4 is a 4-6 membered saturated cycloalkyl group substituted with fluorine.
  • R 4 is selected from any of the following substituted or unsubstituted groups: -CH 3 , -OCH 3 ,
  • R 4 is selected from any of the following groups: -CH 3 , CF 3 , -OCH 3 , -OCF 3 , -OC(CH 3 ) 3 ,
  • R 5a , R 5b , and R 5c are independently selected from hydrogen, ethynyl, hydroxyl, -CONH 2 , -CONHCH 3 , -N(CH 3 ) 2 , fluorine, methoxy, phenyl, methylsulfonyl, amino, Carboxyl, carbomethoxy, azaphenyl, or any two of R 5a , R 5b , and R 5c are connected to form a 3-6-membered saturated cycloalkyl group or a 5-6-membered saturated oxygen heterocyclic group;
  • L 2 is None, or R a , R b substituted or unsubstituted
  • M is fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy or -CF 3 .
  • formula II-Ae formula II-Af, formula II-Ag, formula II-Ah, formula II-Ai, formula II-A-i1, formula II-A-i2, formula II- Shown in A-i3, formula II-A-i4 or formula II-A-i5:
  • U, V, U', V' are independently selected from hydrogen, C 1-3 alkyl or halogen, preferably hydrogen, methyl or chlorine; W is O or S.
  • z is 1, 2 or 3; q is 0 or 1 .
  • T 1 , T 2 , and T 3 are independently selected from hydrogen or halogen, and at least one of them is halogen.
  • T is fluorine
  • R 1 is chlorine or hydrogen.
  • the present invention also provides the above-mentioned compound, or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or its stereoisomer, or its optical isomer, or its deuterated compound in the preparation of prevention and/or treatment of coronavirus-related diseases Uses in medicine.
  • the above-mentioned drugs for preventing and/or treating coronavirus-related diseases are anti-coronavirus drugs.
  • anti-coronavirus drugs are drugs that inhibit coronavirus-infected cells.
  • the above-mentioned anti-coronavirus drug is a coronavirus protease inhibitor, preferably a coronavirus main protease inhibitor.
  • coronavirus is SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, HcoV-229E, HcoV-NL63, HcoV-HKU1 or HcoV-OC43, preferably SARS-CoV-2.
  • the above-mentioned medicines for preventing and/or treating coronavirus-related diseases are medicines for preventing and/or treating novel coronavirus pneumonia COVID-19.
  • coronavirus main protease inhibitor is a SARS-CoV-2M pro inhibitor.
  • C a-b alkyl means any alkyl group containing "a" to "b" carbon atoms.
  • C 1-8 alkyl refers to a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1-8 carbon atoms.
  • substitution herein means that one, two or more hydrogen atoms in the molecule are replaced by other different atoms or molecules, including one, two or more substitutions on the same or different atoms in the molecule .
  • Deuterated compound refers to a compound obtained by replacing one or more hydrogens in the compound with deuterium.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable” means that a certain carrier, vehicle, diluent, excipient, and/or formed salt are generally chemically or physically compatible with other ingredients that make up a pharmaceutical dosage form, and physiologically compatible with the compatible with the receptor.
  • Salt is an acidic and/or basic salt formed of a compound or its stereoisomer with an inorganic and/or organic acid and/or base, including zwitterionic salts (inner salts), and quaternary ammonium salts , such as alkylammonium salts. These salts may be obtained directly in the final isolation and purification of the compounds. It can also be obtained by mixing the compound, or its stereoisomer, with a certain amount of acid or base as appropriate (for example, equivalent). These salts may form precipitates in solution and be collected by filtration, or may be recovered after evaporation of the solvent, or may be obtained by freeze-drying after reaction in an aqueous medium.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” can be hydrochloride, sulfate, citrate, besylate, hydrobromide, hydrofluoride, phosphate, acetate, propionate, Succinate, oxalate, malate, succinate, fumarate, maleate, tartrate, or trifluoroacetate.
  • Halogen is fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo.
  • Aryl refers to an all-carbon monocyclic or fused polycyclic (ie, rings sharing adjacent pairs of carbon atoms) group having a conjugated pi-electron system, eg, phenyl.
  • the aryl group contains no heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, and the point of attachment to the parent must be on a ring carbon atom with a conjugated pi electron system.
  • Aryl groups can be substituted or unsubstituted.
  • the "5- to 6-membered aryl group” refers to an aryl group having 5 or 6 ring carbon atoms.
  • Heteroaryl refers to a heteroaromatic group containing one to more heteroatoms.
  • the heteroatoms referred to herein include oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen.
  • the heteroaryl group can be optionally substituted or unsubstituted.
  • “5-6 membered heteroaryl” refers to a heteroaryl group having 5 or 6 ring atoms.
  • Cycloalkyl refers to a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon substituent.
  • “3-8 membered saturated cycloalkyl” refers to a saturated cycloalkyl group having 3-8 ring carbon atoms.
  • Heterocyclyl refers to a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon substituent; and the cyclic hydrocarbon bears at least one ring heteroatom (including but not limited to O, S or N).
  • ring heteroatom including but not limited to O, S or N.
  • 3- to 8-membered saturated heterocyclic group refers to a saturated heterocyclic group having 3-8 ring atoms.
  • Oxygen heterocycle means that the heteroatom in the heterocycle is O and does not contain S and N. and so on.
  • Bridged ring group refers to a polycyclic cycloalkyl group in which two rings share two adjacent carbon atoms.
  • fused ring aryl refers to a polycyclic aromatic group in which two rings share two adjacent carbon atoms, such as naphthyl (ie, 6-membered aromatic ring and 6-membered aromatic ring, or benzene ring and acene ring) , anthracenyl, phenanthrenyl.
  • “Fused heteroaromatic/fused heteroaryl” means a polycyclic aromatic ring/aromatic group containing at least one heteroatom (O, N, or S) in which two rings share two adjacent carbon atoms or heteroatoms.
  • a 5-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring e.g. furan, thiophene, pyrrole, pyridine ring
  • a 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring e.g.
  • benzene pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine ring), such as indole, or 6-membered aromatic ring or heteroaromatic ring and 6-membered aromatic ring or heteroaryl ring, such as quinoline; or more than 2 combined rings, such as acridine.
  • "Nitrogen-containing fused heteroaryl ring” means that at least one of the heteroatoms in the above “fused heteroaryl ring" is N.
  • 5-6 membered saturated heterocyclic group and 5-6-membered aryl group refers to a group formed by sharing two adjacent carbon atoms or heteroatoms between "5-6-membered saturated heterocyclic ring" and "5-6-membered aromatic ring” group.
  • CD3 means a methyl group substituted with 3 deuteriums.
  • “Saturated heterocyclic ring” refers to a saturated ring formed by replacing at least one carbon atom in a saturated carbocyclic ring with O, N and/or S. "Oxyheterocyclic ring” refers to a ring formed by replacing at least one carbon atom in a carbocyclic ring with O.
  • the experimental results show that the present invention provides a compound capable of effectively inhibiting the activity of the main protease M pro of the new coronavirus, which can effectively block the replication and transcription of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in patients, and inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 in cells. COV-2 infection, providing strong support for the fight against SARS-COV-2.
  • the compound provided by the invention also has good in vivo safety and pharmacokinetics It has low cardiotoxicity and is not easy to induce acute arrhythmia or even sudden death after administration.
  • the compound of the present invention has very good application prospects in the preparation of SARS-CoV-2 M pro inhibitors, anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs, and drugs for preventing and/or treating novel coronavirus pneumonia.
  • Figure 2 shows the enzymatic inhibitory activity of compound 275 on SARS-COV-2 MPro.
  • Figure 3 shows the enzymatic inhibitory activity of compound 289 on SARS-COV-2 MPro.
  • Figure 4 shows the enzymatic inhibitory activity of compound 296 on SARS-COV-2 MPro.
  • Figure 5 shows the enzyme activity inhibitory activity of compound 398 on SARS-COV-2 MPro.
  • Figure 6 shows the antiviral activity of some compounds of the present invention at the cell level.
  • Figure 7 shows the antiviral activity of compound 398 at the cellular level.
  • Figure 8 is the viral load test result of compound 398 antiviral experiment in vivo
  • Figure 9 is the virus titer detection result of compound 398 antiviral experiment in vivo
  • Figure 10 shows the results of immunohistochemical staining and histopathological staining of compound 398 in vivo antiviral experiments
  • the raw materials and equipment used in the present invention are known products obtained by purchasing commercially available products.
  • ketoamide derivatives shown in the above formula I include:
  • Embodiment 1 prepares compound 1
  • Step a Intermediate 1 (tert-butyl((2R,3S)-hydroxy-4-oxo-1-phenyl-4-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)butan-2-yl)carbamate esters).
  • Step b Preparation of intermediate 2 ((2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)butanamide hydrochloride).
  • Step c Preparation of intermediate 3 (methyl (R)-2-(benzyloxy)propionate).
  • Step d Preparation of intermediate 4 ((R)-2-(benzyloxy)propanoic acid).
  • Embodiment 3 prepares compound 331
  • Step a same as step a of Example 2;
  • Step b same as step b of Example 2;
  • Step c same as step c of Example 2;
  • Step d same as step d of Example 2;
  • Step f Compound 331 ((R)-3-((R)-2-((4-fluorophenyl)sulfonamido)propionamido)-2-oxo-4-phenyl-N-(pyridine -2-ylmethyl)butyramide).
  • Embodiment 4 prepares compound 296
  • Step a same as step a of Example 2;
  • Step c same as step c of Example 2;
  • Step d same as step d of Example 2;
  • Step e Intermediate 5(4,4-difluoro-N-((R)-1-(((2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1-phenyl-4-((pyridine -2-ylmethyl)amino)butan-2)-yl)amino)-1-oxopropan-2-yl)piperidine-1-carboxamide).
  • Embodiment 5 prepares compound 313
  • Step b same as step b of Example 2;
  • Step d Intermediate 4(1-amino-N-((2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1-phenyl-4-((pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)butan- Preparation of 2-yl)cyclobutane-1-carboxamide) hydrochloride.
  • Step f Compound 313 ((4,4-difluorocyclohexyl)methyl(R)-(1-((3,4-dioxo-1-phenyl-4-((pyridin-2-ylmethyl base) amino) but-2-yl) carbamoyl) cyclobutyl) carbamate) synthesis.
  • Embodiment 6 prepares compound 52
  • Step a Preparation of intermediate 1 ((R)-methyl 2-amino-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoate hydrochloride).
  • Step d Preparation of intermediate 4 (tert-butyl (R)-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate).
  • Step e Preparation of intermediate 5 (((2R)-1-cyano-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)carbamate tert-butyl ester).
  • Step f Preparation of intermediate 6 ((3R)-3-amino-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxybutyrate hydrochloride).
  • Step g Preparation of intermediate 7 ((3R)-3-amino-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxybutyric acid methyl ester hydrochloride).
  • Step h same as step c of Example 1;
  • Step j Preparation of intermediate 10 ((3R)-3-((R)-2-(benzyloxy)propionamido)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxybutyric acid methyl ester) .
  • Step k Preparation of intermediate 11 ((3R)-3-((R)-2-(benzyloxy)propionamido)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxybutanoic acid).
  • Step 1 Intermediate 12 ((3R)-3-((R)-2-(benzyloxy)propionamido)-N-((5-chloropyridin-2-yl)methyl)-4-( Preparation of 4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxybutanamide).
  • Step a same as step a of Example 2;
  • Step b same as step b of Example 2;
  • Step c Intermediate 3 (methyl 3-(((2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1-phenyl-4-((pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)butan-2 -yl)amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxopropionate) preparation.
  • Step d Intermediate 4 (3-((((2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1-phenyl-4-((pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)butan-2- base) amino)-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxopropionic acid) preparation.
  • Step e Intermediate 5(N 1 -((4,4-difluorocyclohexyl)methyl)-N 3 -((2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1-phenyl-4 - Preparation of ((pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)butan-2-yl)-2,2-dimethylmalonamide).
  • Embodiment 8 prepares compound 326
  • Step a same as step a of Example 2;
  • Step f Intermediate 6 ((2S,3R)-2-Hydroxy-3-(2-methyl-2-(4-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propionamido)-4-benzene Preparation of -N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)butyramide).
  • Step a same as step a of Example 2;
  • Step b same as step b of Example 2;
  • Step d Preparation of intermediate 4 (O-benzyl-N-methylhydroxylamine).
  • Step e Intermediate 5 ((2S,3R)-3-(3-(Benzyloxy)-3-methylureido)-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl base) butanamide) preparation.
  • Step f Product 58 ((R)-3-(3-(benzyloxy)-3-methylureido)-2-oxo-4-phenyl-N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) Butanamide) preparation.
  • Embodiment 10 prepares compound 398
  • Step a Intermediate 1 (tert-butyl((2R,3S)-hydroxy-4-oxo-1-phenyl-4-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)butan-2-yl)carbamate esters).
  • Step b Preparation of intermediate 2 ((2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-N-(thiazol-2-ylmethyl)butanamide hydrochloride).
  • Step c Intermediate 3 (tert-butyl((R)-1-(((2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1-phenyl-4-((thiazol-2-ylmethyl )amino)but-2-yl)amino)-3-methoxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate).
  • Step d Intermediate 4 ((2S,3R)-3-((R)-2-amino-3-methoxypropionamido)-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-N-(thiazole-2- Preparation of methyl) butanamide hydrochloride).
  • Step e Intermediate 5(3,3-difluoro-N-((R)-1-(((2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1-phenyl-4-((thiazole -2-ylmethyl)amino)butan-2-yl)amino)-3-methoxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl)cyclohexane-1-carboxamide).
  • Step f Product 398 (N-((R)-1-(((R)-3,4-dioxo-1-phenyl-4-((thiazol-2-ylmethyl)amino)butan- Preparation of 2-yl)amino)-3-methoxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-3,3-difluorocyclohexane-1-carboxamide).
  • Embodiment 11 prepares compound 490
  • Step a same as step a of Example 10;
  • Step b same as step b of Example 10;
  • Step c Preparation of intermediate 3 (ethyl 1-(2,4,5-trifluorobenzyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate).
  • Step d Preparation of intermediate 4 (1-(2,4,5-trifluorobenzyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid).
  • Step e Intermediate 5 (N-((2R,3S)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1-phenyl-4-((thiazol-2-ylmethyl)amino)butan-2-yl) - Preparation of 1-(2,4,5-trifluorobenzyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide).
  • Embodiment 13 prepares compound 516
  • Step a same as step a of Example 10;
  • Step b same as step b of Example 10;
  • Step c Preparation of intermediate 3 (ethyl 3-(hydroxyamino)-3-iminopropionate).
  • Step d Preparation of intermediate 4 (ethyl 2-(5-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)acetate).
  • Step e Preparation of intermediate 5 (2-(5-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)acetic acid).
  • Step f Intermediate 6 ((2S,3R)-3-(2-(5-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)acetamido)- Preparation of 2-Hydroxy-4-phenyl-N-(thiazol-2-ylmethyl)butanamide).
  • Step g Final product 516 ((R)-3-(2-(5-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)acetamido)-2- Preparation of oxo-4-phenyl-N-(thiazol-2-ylmethyl)butanamide).
  • Step a same as step a of Example 10;
  • Step d Preparation of intermediate 4 (ethyl 2-(3-(3-cyano-5-fluorophenyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolin-1-yl)acetate).
  • Step f Intermediate 6 ((2S,3R)-3-(2-(3-(3-cyano-5-fluorophenyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolin-1-yl)acetamido )-2-Hydroxy-4-phenyl-N-(thiazol-2-ylmethyl)butyramide).
  • Step f Final product 518 ((R)-3-(2-(3-(3-cyano-5-fluorophenyl)-2,5-dioxoimidazolin-1-yl)acetamido)- Preparation of 2-oxo-4-phenyl-N-(thiazol-2-ylmethyl)butanamide).
  • Embodiment 15 prepares compound 532
  • Step d Preparation of intermediate 4 (2-(4-(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)acetic acid).
  • Step e Intermediate 5 ((2S,3R)-3-(2-(4-(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)acetamide)-2- Preparation of hydroxy-4-phenyl-N-(thiazol-2-ylmethyl)butanamide).
  • Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 M pro (final concentration 750 nM) was mixed with serial dilutions of each compound in 25 ⁇ L assay buffer (20 mM Tris–HCl, pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 2 mM DTT), and Incubate for 10 minutes. Initiate the reaction by adding 25 ⁇ L of fluorescent substrate (MCA-AVLQ ⁇ SGFR-Lys(Dnp)-Lys-NH 2 ) at a final concentration of 20 ⁇ M, and measure the fluorescent signal at 320 nm (excitation)/405 nm (emission) with a microplate reader .
  • fluorescent substrate MCA-AVLQ ⁇ SGFR-Lys(Dnp)-Lys-NH 2
  • Vmax of the responses to the addition of various concentrations of the compound was calculated versus the Vmax of the responses to the addition of DMSO and used to generate IC50 curves.
  • IC50 values against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro were measured at 9 concentrations and 3 independent replicates. All experimental data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism software.
  • the solution for intragastric administration and intravenous administration is prepared with DMSO/HS15/PEG400/NaCl (5/3/40/52, v/v/v).
  • Administer the drug according to the dosage shown in Table 4 record the administration time, and collect about 0.20 mL of each sample through the jugular vein at the time point set above or other appropriate methods, anticoagulate with heparin sodium, and place it on ice after collection. superior. And centrifuge the plasma within 1 hour (centrifugation conditions: 6800g, 6 minutes, 2-8°C). Plasma samples were stored in a -80°C freezer until analysis. The grouping and blood collection time points are shown in Table 4, and there were 3 animals at each time point.
  • HEK-293-hERG cells were subcultured to a suitable state, they were digested and separated with trypsin and stored in a centrifuge tube. After centrifugation, the supernatant was discarded, and the cells were resuspended with extracellular fluid for use. Before patch clamp recording, the cells Drop into the culture dish to ensure that the cells have a certain density and the cells are in a single separation state.
  • hERG currents were recorded using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. Add the cell suspension to a small petri dish and place it on the stage of an inverted microscope. After the cells adhere to the wall, perfuse with extracellular fluid at a flow rate of 1-2 mL/min. The glass microelectrode is drawn by a microelectrode drawing machine in two steps. After filling the electrode inner liquid, its water resistance value is 2-5M ⁇ .
  • K18-hACE2 transgenic mice (6-8 weeks old) were purchased from The Jackson Laboratory, and the use of animals complied with all relevant ethical regulations and was approved by the Committee on the Use of Live Animals in Teaching and Research of the University of Hong Kong.
  • Female or male K18-hACE2 transgenic mice were inoculated intranasally (in) with 2000 PFU of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) BA.2 mutant strain.
  • mice were orally administered 150 mg/kg WSK-S02 compound 398 twice a day from 1 hpi on the day of infection to day 4 (4 dpi).
  • mice were orally administered Compound 398 (150 mg/kg) or Compound 398 (150 mg/kg)/ritonavir (RTV, 10 mg/kg), Nirmatrelvir (150 mg/kg) or Nirmatrelvir (150 mg/kg) twice daily from 1 dpi /kg)/ritonavir (RTV, 10mg/kg) to 4dpi.
  • Mice treated with vehicle (5%DMSO/3%Solutol HS-15/40%PEG400/normal saline) were used as a control group, and the survival of the mice was monitored every day during the test, and the mice were sacrificed at 4dpi, and the organs and tissues were Samples were taken for virological and histopathological analysis.
  • mice were sacrificed when the K18-hACE2 transgenic mouse model infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) BA.2 was treated to 4dpi, and the lung tissue samples of mice in each group were obtained.
  • Transgenic mouse tissue samples were lysed with RLT buffer (Qiagen) and extracted with RNeasy Mini kit. After RNA extraction, use Transcriptor First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit, QuantiNova SYBR Green RT-PCR Kit, or QuantiNova Probe RT-PCR Kit for RT-qPCR analysis.
  • Vero E6-TMPRSS2 cells were seeded in 12-well plates 1 day before infection. The animals were sacrificed when the K18-hACE2 transgenic mouse model infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) BA.2 was treated to 4dpi, and the lung tissue samples of mice in each group were obtained. The supernatants of harvested tissue samples were serially diluted and seeded into cells at 37°C for 1 hour. After seeding, cells were washed 3 times with PBS and mixed with 2% agarose/PBS and 2 ⁇ DMEM/2% FBS at a ratio of 1:1. Cells were fixed after 48 h and stained with 0.5% crystal violet in 25% ethanol/distilled water for 10 min for plaque quantification.
  • the immunohistological staining test results for the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein showed ( Figure 10A) that viral antigens were most expressed in the lungs of mice in the vehicle control group (black arrows), This was followed by treatment with either Nirmatrelvir or Compound 398 alone, and the combination of Nirmatrelvir/RTV and Compound 398/RTV similarly restricted N protein expression to very low levels in the lung tissue of infected mice.
  • the results of tissue H&E staining analysis (Fig. 10B) showed that the most prominent lung pathological feature in the vehicle control group was multifocal inflammatory infiltration in the alveolar septa, peribronchiolar area, and perivascular area. In contrast, sporadic inflammatory cell infiltration was occasionally found in the alveolar interstitium of mice treated with compound 398.
  • Compound 398/RTV combined administration further improved lung tissue structure compared with monotherapy.
  • mice Male ICR mice (6-8 weeks old, weighing 16-25g), or male Beagle dogs (1-2 years old, weighing 9-12kg), or male cynomolgus monkeys (6-7 years old, weighing 6-8kg) , respectively, were randomly divided into three groups, and a series of test compounds were administered by intragastric (p.o.) or intravenous (i.v.) according to the scheme in Table 10 below.
  • intragastric p.o.
  • i.v. intravenous
  • the solution for intragastric administration and intravenous administration is prepared with DMSO/HS15/PEG400/NaCl (5/3/40/52, v/v/v).
  • Administer the drug according to the dosage shown in Table 4 record the administration time, and collect about 0.20 mL of each sample through the jugular vein at the time point set above or other appropriate methods, anticoagulate with heparin sodium, and place it on ice after collection. superior. And centrifuge the plasma within 1 hour (centrifugation conditions: 6800g, 6 minutes, 2-8°C). Plasma samples were stored in a -80°C freezer until analysis. The grouping and blood collection time points are shown in Table 4, and there were 3 animals at each time point.

Abstract

本发明提供了一类酮酰胺衍生物及其制药用途，属于有机合成药物技术领域。具体提供了式I所示化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物。该化合物能够有效抑制SARS-CoV-2 Mpro活性，可以用来制备SARS-CoV-2 Mpro抑制剂，阻断SARS-CoV-2病毒在患者体内的复制和转录。本发明的化合物在制备SARS-CoV-2 Mpro抑制剂，抗SARS-CoV-2的药物，以及预防和/或治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎的药物中具有非常好的应用前景。

Description

酮酰胺类衍生物及其制药用途 技术领域
本发明属于有机合成药物技术领域，具体涉及一种具有SARS-CoV-2 Mpro抑制活性的酮酰胺类衍生物及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
2019年冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19，又称新型冠状病毒肺炎)是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2，又称新型冠状病毒)引起的肺炎，截至2022年2月，已累计感染超4亿人，造成近600万人死亡。目前仅有两款口服抗SARS-CoV-2药物口服药上市。一款为默沙东公司(Merck & Co.,Inc.)开发的以RdRp为作用靶标的Molnupiravir，但其作为核苷类似物可能具有致突变副作用及遗传毒性，其安全性还需要更多的数据来证明。另一款为辉瑞公司(Pfizer Inc.)开发的以病毒主蛋白酶为靶标的口服药PF-07321332，但其由于易被人体中细胞色素CYP酶代谢，因此需与利托那韦联用以实现其抗病毒效果。因此，当前亟需开发安全有效的可口服的抗SARS-CoV-2药物。
冠状病毒的基因组RNA长约30knt，具有5′帽结构和3′-poly-a尾，至少含有6个开放阅读框(ORF)。第一个ORF(ORF1a/b)约占基因组长度的三分之二，直接翻译两种多蛋白：pp1a和pp1ab，ORF1a和ORF1b之间存在a-1移码。这些多蛋白由一种主蛋白酶(简称Mpro；也被称为3C样蛋白酶(3CLpro))和一个或两个木瓜蛋白酶样蛋白酶(PLPs)加工而成，转化为16种非结构蛋白。这些非结构蛋白参与亚基因组RNA的生产，编码四种主要结构蛋白(包膜(E)、膜(M)、棘突(S)和核衣壳(N)蛋白质)和其他辅助蛋白质，以完成病毒的复制和侵入过程。
Mpro将重叠的pp1a和pp1ab多聚蛋白水解裂解为功能蛋白，这是病毒复制过程中的关键步骤。对于RdRp或nsp13等病毒复制必需的酶，如果没有事先的蛋白水解释放，就不能完全发挥作用完成复制。因此，抑制病毒的Mpro可以阻止传染性病毒颗粒的产生，从而减轻疾病症状。
Mpro在冠状病毒中是保守的，并且不同冠状病毒中Mpro的底物具有一些共同的特征：从N端到C端的氨基酸以配对的形式进行编号(-P4-P3-P2-P1↓P1′-P2′-P3′)，裂解位点在P1和P1′之间。特别地，Mpro在P1位点(Leu-Gln↓(Ser，Ala，Gly))对谷氨酰胺有独特的底物偏好，这一点在宿主蛋白酶中是不存在的，这表明通过靶向病毒Mpro实现高选择性是可行的。因此，病毒对这种蛋白酶的正确功能的 绝对依赖性，加上缺乏同源的人类蛋白酶，使得Mpro成为理想的抗病毒靶点。
因此，亟需研究出一种能够有效抑制SARS-CoV-2病毒的Mpro酶活性的口服药物。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新型酮酰胺类衍生物及其制药用途。本发明提供了式I所示化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物：
其中，Q为含氮杂芳环或含氮稠杂芳环；
R1选自氢、未取代或卤代的C1～8烷基、未取代或卤代的C1～8烷氧基、卤素、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基、3～8元饱和杂环基、3～8元饱和环烷基、NHCOR1a；R1a选自C1～8烷基、未取代或卤代的以下基团：3～8元饱和杂环基、3～8元饱和环烷基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基；
R2选自氢、C1～8烷基、C1～8烷氧基、卤素、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基、3～8元饱和杂环基、3～8元饱和环烷基；
R3选自氢、C1～8烷基、C1～8烷氧基、卤素、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基、3～8元饱和杂环基、3～8元饱和环烷基、CH2R3a；R3a选自未取代或卤代的以下基团：3～8元饱和杂环基、3～8元饱和环烷基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基、稠环芳基；
R4选自氢、取代或未取代的如下任一基团：C1～8烷基、C1～8烷氧基、3～8元饱和环烷基、3～8元饱和杂环基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基、桥环基、稠环芳基、稠杂芳基，或5～6元饱和杂环基并5～6元芳基；
所述取代基团的取代基为R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d，且分别独立选自：氢、卤素、苯基、氰基、羟基、酯基、三甲基硅基、-(CH2)m-SO2R’、-COOR”，或被卤素、氰基、卤代烷基、卤代烷氧基中的任意一种或多种取代或未取代的如下任一基团：C1～8烷基、C1～8烷氧基、苄基、吡啶基或3～6元饱和环烷基；所述R’、R”分别独立选自C1～8烷基；m为0～3的整数；
或，所述R4a、R4b连接形成卤代或未取代的3～6元饱和碳环或碳杂环；
L1选自无、取代或未取代的-(CH2)n-或-O-(CH2)n-、-O-、-NHCO-、-NHSO2-、-CONH-、-NHCOO-、-NHCONH-、-NH-；n为1～3的任意整数；所述取代的取代基是C1～3烷基、C1～3烷氧基或苯基；
X选自无、CR5R6、N R5R6、O或SO2，R5、R6分别独立选自：
氢、卤素、R5a、R5b、R5c取代或未取代的C1～8烷基，或R5、R6连接形成：R6a、R6b取代或未取代的3～8元饱和环烷基或3～8元饱和杂环基；
R5a、R5b、R5c分别独立选自氢、炔基、羟基、-CONH2、-N(CH3)2、卤素、C1～8烷氧基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基，或R5a、R5b、R5c中任意二者连接形成3～8元饱和环烷基或3～8元饱和杂环基；
R6a、R6b分别独立选自氢、烯基、卤素、卤素取代或未取代的C1～8烷基，或R6a、R6b连接形成5～6元芳基；
L2选自无、 或Ra、Rb取代或未取代的
其中，R0为氢、C1～3烷基，或与R5连接形成取代或未取代的如下结构：桥环、3～6元饱和环或3～6元饱和环并苯环；所述取代的结构的取代基为C1～3烷基或卤素；
Ra、Rb分别独立选自氢、氰基、C1～5烷基、3～6元环烷基或Ra、Rb连接形成3～6元饱和碳环；
Y为O或S；
t为0～3的任意整数，q为0～4的任意整数，r为0～3的任意整数，s为0～3的任意整数，k为0～3的任意整数，u为0～3的任意整数。
进一步地，上述Q为5～6元含氮杂芳环、5元并6元含氮杂芳环，或6元并6元含氮稠杂芳环。
更进一步地，上述Q为：
更进一步地，上述Q为：
进一步地，上述R1为氢、卤素、卤代或未取代的C1～8烷基或未取代的C1～8烷氧基。
更进一步地，上述R1为氢、卤素、卤代或未取代的C1～3烷基或未取代的C1～3烷氧基。
更进一步地，上述R1为氢、氟、氯、甲基、甲氧基或-CF3。
进一步地，上述R2为氢或C1～8烷基。
更进一步地，上述R2为氢或甲基。
进一步地，上述R3为氢或CH2R3a；R3a选自未取代或卤代的以下基团：C1～4烷基、5～6元环烷基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基或稠环芳基。
更进一步地，上述R3为氢或CH2R3a；R3a选自未取代或卤代的以下基团：C1～2烷基、5～6元环烷基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基或萘基。
更进一步地，上述R3为氢或CH2R3a；R3a选自苯基、乙基、环己基、呋喃基、萘基或F取代的苯基。
进一步地，上述R4选自取代或未取代的如下任一基团：C1～4烷基、C1～4烷氧基、3～7元饱和环烷基、4～6元饱和杂环基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基、桥环基、萘基，5～6元芳杂环基并苯基或5～6元饱和杂环基并苯基；
所述取代基团的取代基为R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d且分别独立选自：氢、卤素、苯基、氰基、羟基、酯基、三甲基硅基、-(CH2)m-SO2R’、 -COOR”、卤素取代或未取代的如下任一基团：C1～3烷基、C1～3烷氧基或3～4元饱和环烷基；所述R’、R”分别独立选自C1～4烷基；m为0～2的整数
或，所述R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d中的任意两个连接形成卤代或未取代的3～6元饱和碳环或杂环。
更进一步地，上述R4选自取代或未取代的如下任一基团：C1～4烷基、C1～4烷氧基、3～7元饱和环烷基、4～6元饱和杂环基、5～6元芳基、5～6元氮杂芳基、桥环基、萘基，苯并呋喃基、苯并吡啶基，或5～6元饱和氧杂环基并苯基；
所述取代基团的取代基为R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d且分别独立选自：氢、卤素、苯基、氰基、羟基、酯基、三甲基硅基、-(CH2)m-SO2R’、-COOR”、卤素取代或未取代的如下任一基团：C1～3烷基、C1～3烷氧基或3元饱和环烷基；所述R’、R”分别独立选自C1～4烷基；m为0或1；
或，所述R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d中的任意两个连接形成卤代或未取代的3～6元饱和碳环或氧杂环。
更进一步地，上述R4是氟取代的4～6元饱和环烷基。
更进一步地，上述R4是2个氟取代的4～6元饱和环烷基。
更进一步地，上述R4是z为1～3的整数。
进一步地，上述R4选自取代或未取代的如下任一基团：-CH3、-OCH3、
更进一步地，上述R4选自如下任一基团：-CH3、CF3、-OCH3、-OCF3、-OC(CH3)3、
进一步地，上述L1是取代或未取代的-(CH2)n-，n为1～3的任意整数；所述取代的取代基是C1～3烷基或苯基。
更进一步地，上述L1是取代或未取代的-CH2-；所述取代的取代基是甲基或苯基。
进一步地，上述X为无、CR5R6或NR5R6；R5、R6分别独立选自：
氢、氟、R5a、R5b、R5c取代或未取代的C1～5烷基，或R5、R6连接形成：R6a、R6b取代或未取代的3～6元饱和环烷基或4元饱和氧杂环基；
R5a、R5b、R5c分别独立选自氢、乙炔基、羟基、-CONH2、-CONHCH3、-N(CH3)2、氟、甲氧基、苯基、甲磺酰基、氨基、羧基、甲酯基、氮杂苯基，或R5a、R5b、R5c中任意二者连接形成3～6元饱和环烷基或5～6元饱和氧杂环基；
R6a、R6b分别独立选自氢、乙烯基、氟、氟取代的甲基，或R6a、R6b连接形成苯基；
L2为无、 或Ra、Rb取代或未取代的
其中，R0为氢、C1～3烷基，或与R5连接形成取代或未取代的如下结构：
所述取代的结构的取代基是甲基或氟；
Ra、Rb分别独立选自氢、氰基、丁基、6元环烷基或Ra、Rb连接形成3元碳环；
Y为O或S；
t为0或1，q为0～4的任意整数，r为0或1，s为0或1，k为0或1，u为0或1。
更进一步地，上述X为CR5R6，L2为q为0或1。
更进一步地，上述X为无、
L2为无、
或L2与X连接形成如下任一结构：

更进一步地，上述X是L2是
进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II或式III所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A-a、式II-A-b、式II-A-c或式II-A-d所示：

更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A-a-1所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物为如下任一结构：














进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A-a-2所示：
M为氟、氯、甲基、甲氧基或-CF3。
更进一步地，上述化合物为如下任一结构：

进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A-b-1所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物为如下结构：
进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A-c-1所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物为如下结构：
进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A-d-1所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物为如下结构：
进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A-e、式II-A-f、式II-A-g、式II-A-h、式II-A-i、式II-A-i1、式II-A-i2、式II-A-i3、式II-A-i4或式II-A-i5所示：


其中，U、V、U’、V’分别独立选自氢、C1～3烷基或卤素，优选为氢、甲基或氯；W为O或S。
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A-e-1所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如下任一所示：
进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A-e-2所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如下所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如下任一所示：

进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A-h-1所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如下任一所示：

进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A-h-2所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如下任一所示：





进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-A-I’-2所示；
更进一步地，上述化合物为如下任一结构：
进一步地，上述化合物为式II-A-j所示结构：
其中，z是1～3的任意整数；q是0～4的任意整数；R5、R6至少一个不为氢；
优选地，z是1、2或3；q是0或1。
更进一步地，上述化合物为式II-A-j-1所示结构：
更进一步地，上述化合物为如下任一结构：

进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-B、II-C或II-D所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-B-a所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-B-a-1所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物为如下结构：
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-C-a所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构式如式II-C-a-1所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物为如下结构：
进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-D-a所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式II-D-a-1所示：
更进一步地，上述化合物为如下结构：
进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式III-A、式III-B、式III-C、式III-D、式III-E或式III-F所示：

其中，T1、T2、T3分别独立选自氢或卤素，且至少一个为卤素。
更进一步地，上述T为氟。
更进一步地，上述R1为氯或氢。
更进一步地，上述化合物的结构如式III-A-a、式III-A-b、式III-B-a、式III-C-a、式III-C-b、式III-D-a、式III-D-b、式III-E-a或式III-F-a所示：


更进一步地，上述化合物为如下任一结构：

本发明还提供了一种药物组合物，所述药物组合物是以上述化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物为活性成分，加上药学上可接受的辅料制成的制剂。
本发明还提供了上述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物在制备预防和/或治疗冠状病毒相关的疾病的药物中的用途。
进一步地，上述预防和/或治疗冠状病毒相关的疾病的药物是抗冠状病毒的药物。
更进一步地，上述抗冠状病毒的药物是抑制冠状病毒感染细胞的药物。
更进一步地，上述抗冠状病毒的药物是冠状病毒蛋白水解酶抑制剂，优选为冠状病毒主蛋白酶抑制剂。
进一步地，上述冠状病毒为SARS-CoV-2、SARS-CoV、MERS-CoV、HcoV-229E、HcoV-NL63、HcoV-HKU1或HcoV-OC43，优选为SARS-CoV-2。
更进一步地，上述预防和/或治疗冠状病毒相关的疾病的药物是预防和/或治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎COVID-19的药物。
更进一步地，上述冠状病毒主蛋白酶抑制剂为SARS-CoV-2Mpro抑制剂。
关于本发明的使用术语的定义：除非另有说明，本文中基团或者术语提供的初始定义适用于整篇说明书的该基团或者术语；对于本文没有具体定义的术语，应该根据公开内容和上下文，给出本领域技术人员能够给予它们的含义。
碳氢基团中碳原子含量的最小值和最大值通过前缀表示，例如，前缀Ca～b烷基表示任何含“a”至“b”个碳原子的烷基。例如，C1～8烷基是指包含1～8个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基。
“亚烷基”指烷基失去一个原子后的基团。例如，C1～3亚烷基指C1～3烷基失去一个原子后的基团。
本文“取代”是指分子中的1个、2个或多个氢原子被其它不同的原子或分子所替换，包括该分子中同位原子或异位原子上的1个、2个或多个取代。
“氘代化合物”指化合物中的一个或两个以上的氢被氘取代后得到的化合物。
“药学上可接受的”是指某载体、运载物、稀释剂、辅料，和/或所形成的盐通常在化学上或物理上与构成某药物剂型的其它成分相兼容，并在生理上与受体相兼容。
“盐”是将化合物或其立体异构体，与无机和/或有机酸和/或碱形成的酸式和/或碱式盐，也包括两性离子盐(内盐)，还包括季铵盐，例如烷基铵盐。这些盐可以是在化合物的最后分离和纯化中直接得到。也可以是通过将化合物，或其立体异构体，与一定数量的酸或碱适当(例如等当量)进行混合而得到。这些盐可能在溶液中形成沉淀而以过滤方法收集，或在溶剂蒸发后回收而得到，或在水介质中反应后冷冻干燥制得。
“药学上可接受的盐”可以是化合物的盐酸盐、硫酸盐、枸橼酸盐、苯磺酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢氟酸盐、磷酸盐、乙酸盐、丙酸盐、丁二酸盐、草酸盐、苹果酸盐、琥珀酸盐、富马酸盐、马来酸盐、酒石酸盐或三氟乙酸盐。
“卤素”为氟、氯、溴或碘。
“芳基”指具有共轭的π电子体系的全碳单环或稠合多环(也就是共享毗邻碳原子对的环)基团，例如苯基。所述芳基不含有杂原子，如氮，氧，或硫，同时连接母体的点必须在具有共轭的π电子体系的环上的碳原子上。芳基可以是取代的或未取代的。“5～6元芳基”指环碳原子数为5或6的芳基。
“杂芳基”指包含一个到多个杂原子的杂芳族基团。这里所指的杂原子包括氧、硫和氮。例如呋喃基、噻吩基、吡啶基、吡唑基等。所述杂芳基可以是任选取代的或未取代的。“5～6元杂芳基”指环原子数为5或6的杂芳基。
“环烷基”指饱和或不饱和的环状烃取代基。例如，“3～8元饱和环烷基”指环碳原子数为3～8的饱和的环烷基。
“杂环基”指饱和或不饱和的环状烃取代基；且该环状烃携带至少一个环杂原子(包括但不限于O、S或N)。例如，“3～8元饱和杂环基”指环原子数为3～8的饱和的杂环基。“氧杂环”即是指杂环中的杂原子为O，不含有S、N。以此类推。
“桥环基”指多环的环烷基，且该多环的环烷基中有两个环共用两个相邻的碳原子。
“稠环芳基”指多环的芳香基，且其中有两个环共用两个相邻的碳原子，例如萘基(即6元芳环并6元芳环，或苯环并苯环)、蒽基、菲基。
“稠杂芳环/稠杂芳基”指多环的、含有至少一个杂原子(O、N或S)的芳香环/芳香基，且其中有两个环共用两个相邻的碳原子或杂原子。例如5元芳环或杂芳环(例如呋喃、噻吩、吡咯、吡啶环)并6元芳环或杂芳环(例如苯、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、吡嗪环)，如吲哚，或6元芳环或杂芳环并6元芳环或杂芳环，如喹啉；亦或是2个以上的并环，如吖啶。“含氮稠杂芳环”则是指上述“稠杂芳环”中的杂原子至少有一个为N。
“5～6元饱和杂环基并5～6元芳基”是指“5～6元饱和杂环”和“5～6元芳环”共用两个相邻碳原子或杂原子形成的基团。
“CD3”表示被3个氘取代的甲基。
“取代基为酯基”是指亚甲基CH2被＝O取代形成C＝O。
“饱和杂环”是指饱和碳环中的至少一个碳原子被O、N和/或S替代形成的饱和环。“氧杂环”是指碳环中的至少一个碳原子被O替代形成的环。
如无特别说明，本发明所述“连接成环”形成的环包括未取代的和被取代基取代的环。例如，“R4a、R4b连接成环”、“R2a、R2b连接成环”。
实验结果表明，本发明提供了一种能够有效抑制新型冠状病毒主蛋白酶Mpro活性的化合物，该化合物能够有效阻断SARS-CoV-2病毒在患者体内的复制和转录，抑制细胞中的SARS-COV-2感染，为抗击SARS-COV-2提供有力的支持。
同时，本发明提供的化合物还具有良好的体内安全性和药代动力 学性质；具有较低的心脏毒性，给药后不易诱发急性心律失常甚至猝死。
本发明的化合物能够有效的抑制SARS-CoV-2 Mpro活性，在体外和体内对SARS-CoV-2野生型病毒株(体外)和突变型病毒株(体内和体外)具有抗病毒活性。
本发明的化合物在制备SARS-CoV-2 Mpro抑制剂，抗SARS-CoV-2的药物，以及预防和/或治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎的药物中具有非常好的应用前景。
显然，根据本发明的上述内容，按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段，在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下，还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式，对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
附图说明
图1为化合物126对SARS-COV-2 MPro的酶活抑制活性。
图2为化合物275对SARS-COV-2 MPro的酶活抑制活性。
图3为化合物289对SARS-COV-2 MPro的酶活抑制活性。
图4为化合物296对SARS-COV-2 MPro的酶活抑制活性。
图5为化合物398对SARS-COV-2 MPro的酶活抑制活性。
图6为本发明部分化合物在细胞层面抗病毒活性。
图7为化合物398在细胞层面抗病毒活性。
图8为化合物398体内抗病毒实验的病毒载量检测结果
图9为化合物398体内抗病毒实验的病毒滴度检测结果
图10为化合物398体内抗病毒实验的免疫组织化学染色和组织病理学染色结果
具体实施方式
本发明所用原料与设备均为已知产品，通过购买市售产品所得。
上述式I所示酮酰胺类衍生物的制备操作条件包括：
实施例1制备化合物1
步骤a：中间体1(叔丁基((2R,3S)-羟基-4-氧-1-苯基-4-(吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酸酯)的制备。
将原料(2S,3R)-3-((叔丁氧羰基)氨基)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁酸(590mg，2mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中，依次加入吡啶-2-基甲胺(217mg，2mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(1.14g，3mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(769mg，6mmol)，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体1，白色固体，616mg，产率80％，MS(ESI)m/z:386.2[M+H]+.
步骤b：中间体2((2S,3R)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基-N-(吡啶-2-基甲基)丁酰胺盐酸盐)制备。
将中间体1(384mg，1mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷中，氮气保护，冰浴条件下加入盐酸二氧六环(1.25mL，5mmol，4M)，加毕后移至常温搅拌1-2h，TLC检测反应完毕后，浓缩反应液即得中间体2，白色固体，358mg，直接用于下一步反应(步骤e)。
步骤c：中间体3((R)-2-(苄氧基)丙酸甲酯)的制备。
将原料(R)-2-羟基丙酸甲酯(105mg，1mmol)，氧化银(290mg，1.25mmol)，苄溴(214mg，1.25mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷溶液中，常温搅拌48h。TLC检测反应完毕后，硅藻土过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体3，无色油液，155mg，产率80％，MS(ESI)m/z:195.1[M+H]+.
步骤d：中间体4((R)-2-(苄氧基)丙酸)的制备。
将中间体3(155mg，0.8mmol)溶于2mL乙醇溶液中，置于冰浴条件下，逐滴加入溶有氢氧化锂(19mg，0.8mmol)的水溶液(2mL)，继续反应30min，TLC检测反应完毕后，加入冰水，再用乙酸乙酯萃取，水相用稀盐酸(1M)将pH调至2-3，乙酸乙酯萃取，合并有机相，浓缩即得中间体4，无色油液，100mg，直接用于下一步反应。
步骤e：中间体5((2S,3R)-3-((R)-2-(苄氧基)丙酰胺基)-2-羟基-4-苯基-N-(吡啶-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体4(90mg，0.5mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中，依次加入中间体2(180mg，0.5mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(286mg，0.75mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(258mg，2mmol)，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体5，黄色固体，180mg，产率80％，MS(ESI)m/z:448.2[M+H]+.
步骤f：化合物1((R)-3-((R)-2-(苄氧基)丙酰胺基)-2-氧代-4-苯基-N-(吡啶-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(180mg，0.4mmol)溶于10mL二氯甲烷中，冰浴下搅拌，分批加入戴斯马丁氧化剂(212mg，0.5mmol)，加入完毕后移至室温，继续搅拌反应2小时，反应结束后，用二氯甲烷(5mL) 稀释，再依次用饱和硫代硫酸钠(5mL)，饱和碳酸氢钠(5mL)萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，滤液浓缩后经柱层析分离得到产物1，白色固体，116mg，产率65％。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.28(t,J＝6.2Hz,1H),8.57-8.46(m,1H),8.20(d,J＝8.3Hz,1H),7.82-7.67(m,1H),7.42-7.15(m,13H),5.34-5.23(m,1H),4.44(s,2H),4.42-4.35(m,1H),4.31-4.23(m,1H),3.87-3.80(m,1H),3.25-3.18(m,1H),2.94(dd,J＝13.8,9.3Hz,1H),1.15(d,J＝12.3,6.7Hz,3H).
实施例2制备化合物137
步骤a：同实施例1步骤a；
步骤b：同实施例1步骤b；
步骤c：中间体3(叔丁基((R)-1-(((2R，3S)-3-羟基-4-氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基)-1-氧代丙-2-基)氨基甲酸酯)的制备。
将中间体2(358mg，1mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中，依次加入(叔丁氧羰基)-D-丙氨酸(189mg，1mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(570mg，1.5mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(513mg，4mmol)，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分 别萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体3，白色固体，365mg，产率80％，MS(ESI)m/z:457.2[M+H]+.
步骤d：中间体4((2S,3R)-3-((R)-2-氨基丙酰胺基)-2-羟基-4-苯基-N-(吡啶-2-基甲基)丁酰胺盐酸盐)的制备。
将中间体3(229mg，0.5mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷中，氮气保护，冰浴条件下加入盐酸二氧六环(0.625mL，2.5mmol，4M)，加毕后移至常温搅拌1-2h，TLC检测反应完毕后，浓缩反应液即得中间体4，白色固体，214mg，直接用于下一步反应。
步骤e：中间体5(N-((R)-1-(((2R,3S)-3-羟基-4-氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基)-1-氧丙烷-2-基)苯甲酰胺)的制备。
将中间体4(214mg，0.5mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷中，置于冰浴条件下，搅拌10min，加入N,N-二异丙基乙胺(194mg，1.5mmol)，搅拌均匀后逐滴加入溶有苯甲酰氯(71mg，0.5mmol)的二氯甲烷溶液，继续反应0.5-1h，TLC检测反应完毕后，加入冰水并用二氯甲烷萃取，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体5，白色固体，207mg，产率90％，MS(ESI)m/z:461.2[M+H]+.
步骤f：产物137(N-((R)-1-(((R)-3,4-二氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基)-1-氧丙烷-2-基)苯甲酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(207mg，0.45mmol)溶于10mL二氯甲烷中，冰浴下搅拌，分批加入戴斯马丁氧化剂(212mg，0.5mmol)，加入完毕后移至室温，继续搅拌反应2小时，反应结束后，用二氯甲烷(5mL)稀释，再依次用饱和硫代硫酸钠(5mL)，饱和碳酸氢钠(5mL)萃取，收集有机相，干燥，过滤，减压浓缩后经柱层析分离得到产物137，白色固体，134mg,产率为65％。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.23(t,J＝27.6,6.1Hz,1H),8.53-8.47(m,1H),8.46-8.32(m,2H), 7.93-7.82(m,2H),7.77-7.70(m,1H),7.57-7.50(m,1H),7.49-7.41(m,2H),7.31-7.14(m,7H),5.28-5.17(m,1H),4.58-4.48(m,1H),4.43(s,2H),3.22-3.09(m,1H),2.94-2.79(m,1H),1.23(s,3H).
实施例3制备化合物331
步骤a：同实施例2步骤a；
步骤b：同实施例2步骤b；
步骤c：同实施例2步骤c；
步骤d：同实施例2步骤d；
步骤e：中间体5((2S,3R)-3-((R)-2-((4-氟苯基)磺酰胺基)丙酰胺基)-2-羟基-4-苯基-N-(吡啶-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体4(180mg，0.5mmol)溶于5mL二氯甲烷中，加入吡啶(118mg，1.5mmol)，4-氟-苯磺酰氯(100mg，0.5mmol)，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体5，黄色固体，174mg，产率68％，MS(ESI)m/z: 515.2[M+H]+.
步骤f：化合物331((R)-3-((R)-2-((4-氟苯基)磺酰胺基)丙酰胺基)-2-氧代-4-苯基-N-(吡啶-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(154mg，0.3mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中，冰浴下搅拌，分批加入戴斯马丁氧化剂(170mg，0.4mmol)，加入完毕后移至室温，继续搅拌反应2小时，反应结束后，用二氯甲烷稀释，再依次用饱和硫代硫酸钠，饱和碳酸氢钠萃取，收集有机相，干燥，过滤，减压浓缩后经柱层析分离得到化合物331，白色固体，92mg，产率60％。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.34-9.22(m,1H),8.54-8.47(m,1H),8.45-8.34(m,2H),8.08-7.99(m,1H),7.83-7.73(m,2H),7.72-7.62(m,2H),7.29-7.16(m,7H),5.20-4.92(m,1H),4.44(d,J＝18.7,6.4Hz,2H),3.94-3.84(m,1H),3.16-3.05(m,1H),2.82-2.65(m,1H),0.97(d,3H).
实施例4制备化合物296
步骤a：同实施例2步骤a；
步骤b：同实施例2步骤b；
步骤c：同实施例2步骤c；
步骤d：同实施例2步骤d；
步骤e：中间体5(4,4-二氟-N-((R)-1-(((2R,3S)-3-羟基-4-氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2)-基)氨基)-1-氧代丙烷-2-基)哌啶-1-甲酰胺)的制备。
将4,4-二氟哌啶(50mg，0.42mmol)溶于四氢呋喃中，0℃下加入三乙胺(163μL，1.27mmol)后滴加三光气(124mg，0.42mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液，保温反应半个小时后，冰浴下将反应液滴加到中间体4(180mg，0.42mmol)与三乙胺(163μL，1.27mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液中，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，浓缩反应液，用乙酸乙酯和水萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体5，黄色固体，70mg，产率33％，MS(ESI)m/z:504.2[M+H]+.
步骤f：产物296(N-((R)-1-(((R)-3,4-二氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基)-1-氧代丙烷-2-基)-4,4-二氟哌啶-1-甲酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(70mg，0.14mmol)溶于10mL二氯甲烷中，冰浴下搅拌，加入戴斯马丁氧化剂(61mg，0.14mmol)，加入完毕后移至室温，继续搅拌反应2小时。TLC检测反应完毕后，用二氯甲烷(5mL)稀释，再依次用饱和硫代硫酸钠(5mL)，饱和碳酸氢钠(5mL)萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，滤液浓缩后经柱层析分离得到产物58，白色固体，36mg，产率50％。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.30-9.16(m,1H),8.55-8.49(m,1H),8.50-8.43(m,1H),7.79-7.73(m,1H),7.30-7.17(m,7H),6.76-6.66(m,1H),4.46-4.42(m,1H),4.40-4.35(m,1H),4.22-4.15(m,1H),3.94-3.87(m,1H),3.43-3.41(m,4H),3.16-3.09(m,1H),2.94-2.83(m,1H),1.92-1.83(m,4H),1.17(d,J＝7.2Hz,1.5H),1.04(d,J＝7.2Hz,1.5H).
实施例5制备化合物313
步骤a：同实施例2步骤a；
步骤b：同实施例2步骤b；
步骤c：中间体3((1-(((2R,3S)-3-羟基-4-氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酰基)环丁基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯)的制备。
将中间体2(358mg，1mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中，依次加入(叔丁氧羰基)-1-氨基环丁烷羧酸(215mg，1mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(570mg，1.5mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(513mg，4mmol)，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体3，白色固体，385mg，产率80％，MS(ESI)m/z:483.3[M+H]+.
步骤d：中间体4(1-氨基-N-((2R,3S)-3-羟基-4-氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)环丁烷-1-甲酰胺)盐酸盐的制备。
将中间体3(385mg，0.8mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷中，氮气保护，冰浴条件下加入盐酸二氧六环(1mL，4mmol，4M)，加毕后移至常温搅拌1-2h，TLC检测反应完毕后，浓缩反应液即得中间体4，白色固体，360mg，直接用于下一步反应。
步骤e：中间体5((4,4-二氟环己基)甲基(1-(((2R,3S)-3-羟基-4-氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酰基))环丁基)氨基甲酸酯)的制备。
将(4,4-二氟环己基)甲醇(63mg，0.42mmol)溶于四氢呋喃中，0℃下加入三乙胺(163μL，1.27mmol)后滴加三光气(124mg，0.42mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液，保温反应30分钟后，冰浴下将该反应液滴加到中间体4(180mg，0.42mmol)与三乙胺(163μL，1.27mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液中，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，浓缩反应液，用乙酸乙酯和水萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体5，黄色固体，70mg，产率30％，MS(ESI)m/z:559.3[M+H]+.
步骤f：化合物313((4,4-二氟环己基)甲基(R)-(1-((3,4-二氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酰基)环丁基)氨基甲酸酯)的合成。
将中间体5(70mg，0.13mmol)溶于10mL二氯甲烷中，冰浴下搅拌，加入戴斯马丁氧化剂(84mg，0.2mmol)，加入完毕后移至室温，继续搅拌反应2小时。TLC检测反应完毕后，用二氯甲烷(5mL)稀释，再依次用饱和硫代硫酸钠(5mL)，饱和碳酸氢钠(5mL)萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，滤液浓缩后经柱层析分离 得到化合物313，白色固体，38mg，产率55％。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.29-9.18(m,1H),8.51(d,1H),7.82-7.73(m,1H),7.75-7.61(m,1H),7.42-7.11(m,8H),5.27-5.10(m,1H),4.46(d,J＝6.2Hz,2H),3.87-3.74(m,1H),3.19-3.10(m,1H),3.02-2.85(m,1H),2.43-2.29(m,2H),2.08-1.96(m,3H),1.86-1.66(m,5H),1.28-1.20(m,2H).
实施例6制备化合物52
步骤a：中间体1((R)-2-氨基-3-(4-氟苯基)丙酸甲酯盐酸盐)的制备。
在圆底烧瓶中，加入4-氟-D-苯丙氨酸(1.83g，10mmol)，甲醇溶解后，将反应体系置于冰浴搅拌。随后，向反应体系缓慢滴加10mL氯化亚砜；滴加完毕后，升温至65℃反应过夜。次日，将反应体系冷却至室温，减压蒸发除去溶剂，得白色固体未经进一步纯化直接用于下步反应。
步骤b：中间体2((R)-2-((叔丁氧基羰基)氨基)-3-(4-氟苯基)丙酸甲酯)的制备。
在烧瓶中加入中间体1(2.34g，10mmol)，用水溶解后加入碳酸钾(4.14g，30mmol)。随后将二碳酸二叔丁酯(2.85g，13mmol)用20mL THF溶解后缓慢滴加至反应体系；滴加完毕后，于常温下反应2h。反应完毕后，向反应体系加入20mL水稀释，用乙酸乙酯 萃取两次，合并有机相，经无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压蒸发除去溶剂，得无色油状液体，直接用于下步反应。
步骤c：中间体3((R)-(1-(4-氟苯基)-3-羟基丙烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯)的制备。
在烧瓶中加入中间体2(2.97g，10mmol)，用甲醇溶解后，将反应体系置于冰浴搅拌。随后，向反应体系缓慢加入硼氢化钠(1.89g，50mmol)。加毕后，升温至室温反应过夜。次日，向反应体系加入水淬灭反应，浓缩反应液；向残留物加入水稀释，用乙酸乙酯萃取两次，合并有机相，经无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩后经柱层析分离纯化，得中间体3，白色固体1.25g，产率47％。MS(ESI)m/z:270.2[M+H]+.
步骤d：中间体4((R)-(1-(4-氟苯基)-3-氧代丙烷-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯)的制备。
将中间体3(2.69g，10mmol)溶于100mL二氯甲烷中，冰浴下搅拌，分批加入戴斯马丁氧化剂(5.08g，12mmol)，加入完毕后移至室温，继续搅拌反应2小时，反应结束后，用二氯甲烷稀释，再依次用饱和硫代硫酸钠，饱和碳酸氢钠萃取，收集有机相，干燥，过滤，减压浓缩后经柱层析分离得中间体4，白色固体，1.87g，产率70％。MS(ESI)m/z:268.2[M+H]+.
步骤e：中间体5(((2R)-1-氰基-3-(4-氟苯基)-1-羟基丙-2-基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯)的制备。
在烧瓶中加入中间体4(2g，7.48mmol)，氟化铯(568mg，3.74mmol)，用50mL甲醇溶解后，将反应体系置于冰浴搅拌。随后，向反应体系缓慢加入三甲基氰硅烷(890mg，8.98mmol)。加毕后，于室温下搅拌5小时。TLC检测反应完毕后，浓缩反应液，加水稀释后用乙酸乙酯萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩后得中间体5，黄色油液，直接用于下一步反应。
步骤f：中间体6((3R)-3-氨基-4-(4-氟苯基)-2-羟基丁酸盐酸盐)的制备。
在烧瓶中加入中间体5(2.21g，7.5mmol)，用12mL二氧六环 溶解后，加入27mL 6N的盐酸。将反应体系置于100℃搅拌12小时。TLC检测反应完毕后，将体系冷却至室温，浓缩反应液，得中间体6，棕色固体，直接用于下一步反应。
步骤g：中间体7((3R)-3-氨基-4-(4-氟苯基)-2-羟基丁酸甲酯盐酸盐)的制备。
在烧瓶中加入中间体6(1.8g，7.5mmol)，用甲醇溶解后，冰浴搅拌下滴加5mL二氯亚砜。加毕后移去冰浴，加热回流反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，浓缩反应液，得中间体7，棕色固体，直接用于下步反应(步骤j)。
步骤h：同实施例1步骤c；
步骤i：同实施例1步骤d；
步骤j：中间体10((3R)-3-((R)-2-(苄氧基)丙酰胺基)-4-(4-氟苯基)-2-羟基丁酸甲酯)的制备。
将中间体9(180mg，1mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中，依次加入中间体7(263mg，1mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(456mg，1.2mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(387mg，3mmol)，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体10，黄色固体，316mg，产率81％，MS(ESI)m/z:390.2[M+H]+.
步骤k：中间体11((3R)-3-((R)-2-(苄氧基)丙酰胺基)-4-(4-氟苯基)-2-羟基丁酸)的制备。
将中间体10(310mg，0.8mmol)溶于5mL乙醇溶液中，冰浴搅拌下分批加入氢氧化锂(168mg，4mmol)，加毕后室温下继续反应2h，TLC检测反应完毕后，加入冰水，再用乙酸乙酯萃取，水相用稀盐酸(1M)将pH调至2-3，乙酸乙酯萃取，合并有机相，浓缩 即得中间体4，黄色固体，直接用于下一步反应。
步骤l：中间体12((3R)-3-((R)-2-(苄氧基)丙酰胺基)-N-((5-氯吡啶-2-基)甲基)-4-(4-氟苯基)-2-羟基丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体11(300mg，0.8mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中，依次加入5-氯-吡啶-2-甲胺(114mg，0.8mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(456mg，1.2mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(387mg，3mmol)，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体12，黄色固体，286mg，产率72％，MS(ESI)m/z:500.2[M+H]+.
步骤m：化合物52((R)-3-((R)-2-(苄氧基)丙酰胺基)-N-((5-氯吡啶-2-基)甲基)-4-(4-氟苯基)-2-氧代丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体12(250mg，0.5mmol)溶于10mL二氯甲烷中，冰浴下搅拌，分批加入戴斯马丁氧化剂(297mg，0.7mmol)，加入完毕后移至室温，继续搅拌反应2小时，反应结束后，用二氯甲烷稀释，再依次用饱和硫代硫酸钠，饱和碳酸氢钠萃取，收集有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩后经柱层析分离得到产物52，白色固体，120mg，产率50％。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.39-9.28(m,1H),8.55-8.52(m,1H),8.32-8.23(m,1H),7.91-7.82(m,1H),7.33-7.21(m,5H),7.18-7.04(m,4H),5.27-5.15(m,1H),4.48-4.40(m,2H),4.35-4.21(m,3H),3.86-3.79(m,2H),3.21-3.16(m,1H),2.96-2.86(m,1H),1.19-1.10(m,3H).
实施例7制备化合物324
步骤a：同实施例2步骤a；
步骤b：同实施例2步骤b；
步骤c：中间体3(甲基3-(((2R,3S)-3-羟基-4-氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基)-2,2-二甲基-3-氧代丙酸酯)的制备。
将2,2-二甲基丙二酸单甲酯(146mg，1mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中，依次加入中间体2(356mg，1mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(456mg，1.2mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(516mg，4mmol)，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体3，黄色固体，310mg，产率75％，MS(ESI)m/z:414.3[M+H]+.
步骤d：中间体4(3-((((2R,3S)-3-羟基-4-氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基)-2,2-二甲基-3-氧代丙酸)的制备。
将中间体3(310mg，0.75mmol)溶于5mL乙醇溶液中，冰浴搅拌下分批加入氢氧化锂(147mg，3.5mmol)，加毕后室温下继续反应2h，TLC检测反应完毕后，加入冰水，再用乙酸乙酯萃取，水相用稀盐酸(1M)将pH调至3-4，乙酸乙酯萃取，合并有机相，浓缩即得中间体4，黄色固体，直接用于下一步反应。
步骤e：中间体5(N1-((4,4-二氟环己基)甲基)-N3-((2R,3S)-3-羟基-4-氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-yl)-2,2-二甲基丙二酰胺)的制备。
将中间体4(300mg，0.75mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中，依次加入4,4-二氟环己基甲胺盐酸盐(139mg，0.75mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(342mg，0.9mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(349mg，2.7mmol)，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体5，黄色固体，259mg，产率65％，MS(ESI)m/z:531.3[M+H]+.
步骤f：化合物324((R)-N1-((4,4-二氟环己基)甲基)-N3-(3,4-二氧代-1-苯基-4-((吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)-2,2-二甲基丙二酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(212mg，0.4mmol)溶于10mL二氯甲烷中，冰浴下搅拌，分批加入戴斯马丁氧化剂(297mg，0.7mmol)，加入完毕后移至室温，继续搅拌反应2小时，反应结束后，用二氯甲烷稀释，再依次用饱和硫代硫酸钠，饱和碳酸氢钠萃取，收集有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩后经柱层析分离得到产物324，白色固体，109mg，产率52％。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.62-8.55(m,1H),8.12-8.03(m,1H),7.75-7.66(m,1H),7.31-7.26(m,3H),7.26-7.22(m,2H),7.14-7.08(m,2H),6.86-6.76(m,2H),5.57-5.49(m,1H),4.63(d,J＝5.4Hz,2H),3.41-3.33(m,1H),3.20-3.11(m,1H),3.09-2.98(m,2H),2.07-2.04(m,1H),1.78-1.72(m,2H),1.67-1.49(m,4H),1.40-1.37 (m,3H),1.35(s,3H),1.26(s,2H).
实施例8制备化合物326
步骤a：同实施例2步骤a；
步骤b：同实施例2步骤b；
步骤c：中间体3(2-(4-溴-1H-吡唑-1-基)-2-甲基丙酸乙酯)的制备。
将原料4-溴-1H-吡唑(300mg，2.04mmol)溶解于无水DMF，置于冰浴条件下，分批加入NaH(98mg，2.45mmol)后，常温搅拌30分钟，冰浴下将2-溴-2-甲基丙酸乙酯(478mg，2.45mmol)缓慢滴加入混合溶液中，滴加完毕后，室温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，用甲醇淬灭，浓缩反应液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体3，黄色固体，320mg，产率60％，MS(ESI)m/z:261.0[M+H]+.
步骤d：中间体4(2-甲基-2-(4-苯基-1H-吡唑-1-基)丙酸乙酯)的制备。
将中间体3(320mg，1.23mmol)、苯硼酸(165mg，1.35mmol)、1,1-双(二苯基膦)二荗铁二氯化钯(90mg，0.123mmol)、碳酸钾(339mg，2.45mmol)溶解于二氧六环/水溶液(20mL:1mL)中，氮气保护，95℃下反应12h。TLC检测反应完毕后，硅藻土过滤后，柱层析分离提纯，得中间体4，220mg，产率70％，MS(ESI)m/z:259.3[M+H]+.
步骤e：中间体5(2-甲基-2-(4-苯基-1H-吡唑-1-基)丙酸)的制备。
将中间体4(220mg，0.86mmol)溶于10mL乙醇溶液中，置于冰浴条件下，逐滴加入溶有氢氧化锂(41mg，1.7mmol)的水溶液(2mL)，继续反应30min，TLC检测反应完毕后，加入冰水，再用乙酸乙酯萃取，水相用稀盐酸(1M)将pH调至2-3，乙酸乙酯萃取，浓缩有机相即得中间体5，直接用于下一步反应。
步骤f：中间体6((2S,3R)-2-羟基-3-(2-甲基-2-(4-苯基-1H-吡唑-1-基)丙酰胺基)-4-苯基-N-(吡啶-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(198mg，0.86mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中，依次加入中间体2(307mg，0.86mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(380mg，1.0mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(444mg，3.44mmol)，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体6，黄色固体，248mg，产率60％，MS(ESI)m/z:484.2[M+H]+.
步骤g：化合物326((R)-3-(2-甲基-2-(4-苯基-1H-吡唑-1-基)丙酰胺基)-2-氧代-4-苯基-N-(吡啶-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体6(242mg，0.5mmol)溶于10mL二氯甲烷中，冰浴下搅拌，分批加入戴斯马丁氧化剂(297mg，0.7mmol)，加入完毕后移至室温，继续搅拌反应2小时，反应结束后，用二氯甲烷稀释，再依次用饱和硫代硫酸钠，饱和碳酸氢钠萃取，收集有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩后经柱层析分离得到产物326，白色固体，132mg，产率56％。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.23(t,J＝6.3Hz,1H),8.50(d,J＝4.9Hz,1H),8.26(s,1H),7.97(s,1H),7.76(t,J＝7.9Hz,1H),7.69-7.53(m,3H),7.37(t,J＝7.6Hz,2H),7.32-7.04(m,8H),5.23-5.10(m,1H),4.51-4.37(m,2H),3.18-3.06(m,1H),2.98-2.85(m,1H),1.70(s,6H).
实施例9制备化合物58
步骤a：同实施例2步骤a；
步骤b：同实施例2步骤b；
步骤c：中间体3((苄氧基)(甲基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯)的制备。
将原料N-(苄氧基)氨基甲酸叔丁酯(1000mg，4.48mmol)溶于DMF中，冰浴下加入NaH(269mg，6.73mmol)，搅拌30min后加入CH3I(mg，5.38mmol)。TLC检测反应完毕后，硅藻土过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体3，无色油液，752mg，产率80％，MS(ESI)m/z:238.1[M+H]+.
步骤d：中间体4(O-苄基-N-甲基羟胺)的制备。
将中间体3(752mg，3.17mmol)溶于10ML二氯甲烷中，加入10mL(4M)盐酸二氧六环，继续反应30min，TLC检测反应完毕后，旋干直接用于下一步反应。
步骤e：中间体5((2S,3R)-3-(3-(苄氧基)-3-甲基脲基)-2-羟基-4-苯基-N-(吡啶-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体4(100mg，0.42mmol)溶于四氢呋喃中，0℃下加入三乙胺(163uL，1.27mmol)后滴加三光气(124mg，0.42mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液，保温反应半个小时后，在0℃将反应液滴加到中间体2(119.7mg，0.42mmol)含三乙胺(163uL，1.27mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液中，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，浓缩后用EA和水萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体5，黄色固体，60mg，产率32％，MS(ESI)m/z:449.2[M+H]+.
步骤f：产物58((R)-3-(3-(苄氧基)-3-甲基脲基)-2-氧代-4-苯基-N-(吡啶-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(60mg，0.13mmol)溶于10mL二氯甲烷中，冰浴下搅拌，加入戴斯马丁氧化剂(56mg，0.13mmol)，加入完毕后移至室温，继续搅拌反应2小时，反应结束后，用二氯甲烷(5mL)稀释，再依次用饱和硫代硫酸钠(5mL)，饱和碳酸氢钠(5mL)萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，滤液浓缩后经柱层析分离得到产物58，白色固体，26mg，产率45％。MS(ESI)m/z:447.2028[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ9.33(d,J＝5.6Hz,1H),8.51(d,J＝4.2Hz,1H),7.99(m,1H),7.74(dt,J＝14.1,6.4Hz,2H),7.46(dd,J＝7.6,1.6Hz,1H),7.38(m,3H),7.28(dd,J＝10.3,5.1Hz,4H),7.22(m,2H),6.48(s,1H),4.79(s,2H),4.48(m,1H),4.45(s,2H),3.41(m,1H),3.04(m,1H),2.89(s,3H).
实施例10制备化合物398
步骤a：中间体1(叔丁基((2R,3S)-羟基-4-氧-1-苯基-4-(吡啶-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酸酯)的制备。
将原料(2S,3R)-3-((叔丁氧羰基)氨基)-2-羟基-4-苯基丁酸(590mg，2mmol)溶于DCM中，依次加入2-噻唑甲胺(228mg，2mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(1.14g，3mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(769mg，6mmol)，常温反应过夜。用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，浓缩反应液，柱层析分离提纯，即得623mg中间体1，产率80％，MS(ESI)m/z:392.2[M+H]+。
步骤b：中间体2((2S,3R)-3-氨基-2-羟基-4-苯基-N-(噻唑-2-基甲基)丁酰胺盐酸盐)制备。
将中间体1(391mg，1mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷中，氮气保护，冰浴条件下加入盐酸二氧六环(1.25mL，5mmol，4M)，移至常温 搅拌，TLC监测反应完毕后，浓缩反应液即得327mg中间体2，直接用于下一步反应。
步骤c：中间体3(叔丁基((R)-1-(((2R,3S)-3-羟基-4-氧代-1-苯基-4-((噻唑-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基)-3-甲氧基-1-氧代丙烷-2-基)氨基甲酸酯)的制备。
将中间体2(327mg，1mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中，依次加入N-叔丁氧羰基-O-甲基-D-丝氨酸(189mg，1mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(570mg，1.5mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(513mg，4mmol)，常温反应过夜。用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，浓缩反应液，柱层析分离提纯，即得394mg中间体3，产率80％，MS(ESI)m/z:493.2[M+H]+。
步骤d：中间体4((2S,3R)-3-((R)-2-氨基-3-甲氧基丙酰胺基)-2-羟基-4-苯基-N-(噻唑-2-基甲基)丁酰胺盐酸盐)的制备。
将中间体3(246mg，0.5mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷中，氮气保护，冰浴条件下加入盐酸二氧六环(0.625mL，2.5mmol，4M)，移至常温搅拌1-2h，旋干反应液即得214mg中间体4，直接用于下一步反应。
步骤e：中间体5(3,3-二氟-N-((R)-1-(((2R,3S)-3-羟基-4-氧代-1-苯基-4-((噻唑-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基)-3-甲氧基-1-氧代丙烷-2-基)环己烷-1-甲酰胺)的制备。
将中间体4(214mg，0.5mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷中，置于冰浴条件下，搅拌10分钟，加入N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(570mg，1.5mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(194mg，1.5mmol)，3,3-二氟环己烷-1-羧酸(82mg，0.5mol)，常温反应过夜。反应结束后，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，浓缩反应液，柱层析分离提纯，即得242mg中间体5，产率90％，MS(ESI)m/z: 539.2[M+H]+。。
步骤f：产物398(N-((R)-1-(((R)-3,4-二氧代-1-苯基-4-((噻唑-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)氨基)-3-甲氧基-1-氧代丙烷-2-基)-3,3-二氟环己烷-1-甲酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(242mg，0.45mmol)溶于10mL二氯甲烷中，冰浴下搅拌，分批加入戴斯马丁氧化剂(212mg，0.5mmol)，加入完毕后移至室温，继续搅拌反应2小时，反应结束后，用二氯甲烷(5mL)稀释，再依次用饱和硫代硫酸钠(5mL)，饱和碳酸氢钠(5mL)萃取，合并有机相，干燥，过滤，减压浓缩后经柱层析分离得到产物398，241mg白色固体，产率为65％。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.59(dt,J＝26.7,6.3Hz,1H),8.48-8.30(m,1H),8.10(td,J＝9.1,8.4,5.7Hz,1H),7.78-7.71(m,1H),7.68-7.62(m,1H),7.35-7.17(m,5H),5.29-5.16(m,1H),4.68-4.59(m,2H),4.58-4.46(m,1H),3.48-3.38(m,1H),3.28-3.21(m,2H),3.19-3.10(m,3H),2.95-2.78(m,1H),2.53-2.51(m,1H),2.09-1.92(m,2H),1.86-1.60(m,4H),1.51-1.35(m,1H),1.33-1.21(m,1H).
实施例11制备化合物490
步骤a：同实施例10步骤a；
步骤b：同实施例10步骤b；
步骤c：中间体3(1-(2,4,5-三氟苄基)-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸乙酯)的制备。
将原料1H-吡唑-4-羧酸乙酯(70mg，0.5mmol)溶解于10ml超干四氢呋喃，置于冰浴条件下，缓慢加入氢化钠(36mg，1.5mmol)，随后加入1-(溴甲基)-2,4,5-三氟苯(135mg，0.6mmol)，反应半小时后，室温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，浓缩后用EA和水萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体3，黄色固体，114mg，产率80％，MS(ESI)m/z:285.0[M+H]+.
步骤d：中间体4(1-(2,4,5-三氟苄基)-1H-吡唑-4-羧酸)的制备。
将中间体3(114mg，0.4mmol)溶于2mL乙醇溶液中，置于冰浴条件下，逐滴加入溶有氢氧化锂(19mg，0.8mmol)的水溶液(2mL)，继续反应30min，TLC检测反应完毕后，旋干后加入水，并用稀盐酸(1M)将pH调至2-3，再用适量乙酸乙酯萃取3次，合并乙酸乙酯相，浓缩即得中间体4，直接用于下一步反应。
步骤e：中间体5(N-((2R，3S)-3-羟基-4-氧代-1-苯基-4-((噻唑-2-基甲基)氨基)丁-2-基)-1-(2,4,5-三氟苄基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺)的制备。
将中间体4(38mg，0.3mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中，依次加入中间体2(108mg，0.3mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(172mg，0.45mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(155mg，1.2mmol)，常温反应过夜。TLC检测反应完毕后，用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠分别萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，浓缩滤液，柱层析分离提纯，即得中间体5，127mg，产率80％，MS(ESI)m/z:530.1[M+H]+.
步骤f：化合物490((R)-N-(3,4-二氧代-1-苯基-4-((噻唑-2-基甲基))氨基)丁-2-基)-1-(2,4,5-三氟苄基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(106mg，0.2mmol)溶于10mL二氯甲烷中，冰浴下搅拌，分批加入戴斯马丁氧化剂(127mg，0.3mmol)，加入完毕后继续冰浴反应2小时，反应结束后，用二氯甲烷(5mL)稀释，再依次加入饱和硫代硫酸钠(5mL)，饱和碳酸氢钠(5mL)，反应液继续保持0℃搅拌5min，分离有机相，水相继续用DCM萃取两遍后，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，滤液浓缩后经柱层析分离得到化合物490，白色固体，82mg，产率78％。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.56(t,J＝6.2Hz,1H),8.56(d,J＝7.2Hz,1H),8.25(s,1H),7.88(s,1H),7.71(d,J＝3.3Hz,1H),7.65-7.60(m,1H),7.58(d,J＝3.2Hz,1H),7.52-7.45(m,1H),7.31-7.14(m,5H),5.38(s,2H),5.32-5.25(m,1H),4.62(d,J＝6.2Hz,2H),3.23-3.15(m,1H),2.94-2.85(m,1H).HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z calcd.for C25H20F3N5O3S[M+H]+528.1312,found533.1313.
实施例12制备化合物511
步骤a：同实施例10步骤a；
步骤b：同实施例10步骤b；
步骤c：中间体3(2-(2-(4,4-二氟环己-1-烯-1-基)噻唑-4-基)乙酸乙酯)的制备。
将原料2-溴-4-噻唑乙酸乙酯(249mg,1.0mmol)、4,4-二氟环己-1-烯基硼酸频那醇酯(162mg,1.0mmol)、1,1'-二(二苯膦基)二茂铁二氯化钯(II)(73mg,0.1mmol)、碳酸钾(176mg,2.0mmol)溶于10ml二氧六环中,加入0.5ml水,氮气保护，回流过夜；反应结束后， 减压旋干反应液，用乙酸乙酯/水体系萃取，有机相有盐水洗涤，拌样，经柱层析后获得中间体3(247mg,86％)。MS(ESI)m/z:288.1[M+H]+.
步骤d：中间体4(2-(2-(4,4-二氟环己基)噻唑-4-基)乙酸乙酯)的制备。
将上一步中间体3溶解于10mL甲醇中，加入质量分数为10％的钯碳，置于氢气氛围下，常温搅拌过夜，反应完全后，硅藻土抽滤，适量甲醇淋洗，旋干滤液，即得236mg中间体4，无需纯化直接用于下一步反应。MS(ESI)m/z:290.1[M+H]+.
步骤e：中间体5(2-(2-(4,4-二氟环己基)噻唑-4-基)乙酸)的制备。
将中间体4全部溶解在MeOH/H2O(5ml:5ml)溶液中，加入氢氧化锂溶液(1M；2.45mL,2.45mmol)，反应体系在0℃下搅拌3小时，反应完成后，向反应溶液中加入5mL水，用盐酸调节pH＝1，随后用乙酸乙酯(10mL×3)萃取，合并有机相，无水Na2SO4干燥，滤液减压浓缩得到210mg粗品，不经进一步纯化直接用于下一步。MS(ESI)(m/z):262.1[M+H]+.
步骤f：中间体6((2S,3R)-3-(2-(2-(4,4-二氟环己基)噻唑-4-基)乙酰氨基)-2-羟基-4-苯基-N-(噻唑-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(210mg,0.79mmol)、中间体2(238mg,0.82mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(373mg,0.95mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(427μL,2.37mmol)溶解于10mL二氯甲烷中，室温反应6小时，随后用二氯甲烷稀释，依次用饱和氯化铵、饱和碳酸氢钠和饱和氯化钠洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩，拌样，柱层析得到白色油状中间体6(482mg,87％)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.57(t,J＝6.2Hz,1H),7.74(d,J＝9.0Hz,1H),7.69(d,J＝3.3Hz,1H),7.57(d,J＝3.3Hz,1H),7.25(dd,J＝8.1,6.7Hz,2H),7.21-7.14(m,3H),7.08(s,1H),6.20(d,J＝5.8Hz,1H),4.60-4.45(m,2H),4.35-4.24(m,1H),3.94(dd,J＝5.8,2.6Hz,1H),3.57-3.45(m,2H),3.23-3.17(m,1H),2.92-2.82(m,1H),2.72-2.61(m,1H),2.20-1.89(m,6H),1.82-1.68(m,2H).MS(ESI)m/z:535.2[M+H]+.
步骤f：化合物511((R)-3-(2-(2-(4,4-二氟环己基)噻唑-4-基)乙酰胺)-2- 氧代-4-苯基-N-(噻唑-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体6(53mg,0.1mmol)溶解于10mL干燥二氯甲烷中，随后分批加入戴斯-马丁氧化剂(51mg,0.12mmol)，于0℃下搅拌2小时后，直接用硫代硫酸钠溶液淬灭，混合体系用二氯甲烷(30mL×2)萃取，合并有机层，用饱和NaHCO3和饱和食盐水萃取，再用无水Na2SO4干燥，减压浓缩，残渣经柱层析分离纯化得到白色固态产品511(37mg,70％)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.55(t,J＝6.2Hz,1H),8.51(d,J＝7.1Hz,1H),7.73(d,J＝3.3Hz,1H),7.64(d,J＝3.3Hz,1H),7.30-7.16(m,5H),7.13(s,1H),5.30-5.20(m,1H),4.62(dd,J＝6.2,2.8Hz,2H),3.58(s,2H),3.21-3.09(m,2H),2.84(dd,J＝14.0,9.0Hz,1H),2.14-2.03(m,4H),2.04-1.88(m,2H),1.79-1.62(m,2H).HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z calcd.for C25H26F2N4O3S2[M+H]+533.1487,found 533.1493.
实施例13制备化合物516
步骤a：同实施例10步骤a；
步骤b：同实施例10步骤b；
步骤c：中间体3(3-(羟基氨基)-3-亚氨基丙酸乙酯)的制备。
将氰基乙酸乙酯(113mg,1.0mmol)、盐酸羟胺(70mg,1.0mmol)和碳酸钠(212mg,2.0mmol)溶解于乙醇中，回流3-4小时，反应结束后，减压旋干反应溶剂，加入水，并用乙酸乙酯萃取，合并有机相，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤后浓缩，残渣经柱层析即得中间体3(73mg,50％)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ5.04(s,2H),4.20(m,2H),3.19(s,2H),1.30(t,J＝4.6 3H).MS(ESI)m/z:147.1[M+H]+.
步骤d：中间体4(2-(5-(3,4-二氟苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)乙酸乙酯)的制备。
将上一步的中间体3(73mg,0.5mmol)、3,4-二氟苯甲酰氯(96mg,0.55mmol)溶解于10mL吡啶中，90℃反应20h，反应完全后，旋干溶剂，加入水稀释，用乙酸乙酯萃取3遍，合并有机相，经无水硫酸钠干燥后过滤，浓缩后残渣经柱层析分离纯化，即得中间体4(94mg,0.35mmol,70％)。MS(ESI)m/z:269.1[M+H]+.
步骤e：中间体5(2-(5-(3,4-二氟苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)乙酸)的制备。
将上一步得到的中间体4(94mg,0.35mmol)溶解在MeOH/H2O(2mL:2mL)中，加入氢氧化锂溶液(1M；1.05mL,1.05mmol)，反应体系在0℃下搅拌3小时，反应完成后，向反应溶液中加入5mL水，用盐酸调节pH＝1，随后用乙酸乙酯萃取，合并有机相，无水Na2SO4干燥，滤液减压浓缩得到72mg粗品，不经进一步纯化直接用于下一步。
步骤f：中间体6((2S,3R)-3-(2-(5-(3,4-二氟苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)乙酰氨基)-2-羟基-4-苯基-N-(噻唑-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(72mg,0.3mmol)、中间体2(87mg,0.3mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(136mg,0.36mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(156μL,0.9mmol)溶解于10mL二氯甲烷中，室温反应6小时，随后用二氯甲烷稀释，依次用饱和NH4Cl、饱和NaHCO3和饱和NaCl洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩，残渣经柱层析得到白色油状中间体6(126mg,82％)。MS(ESI)m/z: 514.1[M+H]+。
步骤g：终产物516((R)-3-(2-(5-(3,4-二氟苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)乙酰氨基)-2-氧代-4-苯基-N-(噻唑-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体6(52mg,0.1mmol)溶解于10mL二氯甲烷中，随后分批加入戴斯-马丁氧化剂(51mg,0.12mmol)，于0℃下搅拌2小时后，直接用硫代硫酸钠溶液淬灭，混合体系用二氯甲烷萃取，合并有机层，依次用饱和碳酸氢钠和食盐水萃取，再用无水Na2SO4干燥，减压浓缩，残渣柱层析分离纯化得到白色固态产品516(29mg,57％)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.60(t,J＝6.3Hz,1H),8.85(d,J＝7.1Hz,1H),8.21-8.10(m,1H),8.00-7.92(m,1H),7.78-7.67(m,2H),7.65-7.62(m,1H),7.33-7.18(m,5H),5.32-5.22(m,1H),4.68-4.55(m,2H),3.79(s,2H),3.21-3.12(m,1H),2.91-2.80(m,1H).HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z calcd.for C24H19F2N5O4S[M+H]+512.1199,found521.1199.
实施例14制备化合物518
步骤a：同实施例10步骤a；
步骤b：同实施例10步骤b；
步骤c：中间体3(2-(2,5-二氧代咪唑啉-1-基)乙酸乙酯)的制备。
将原料咪唑啉-2,4-二酮(100mg,1.0mmol)、溴乙酸乙酯(165mg,1.0mmol)和碳酸钾(276mg,2.0mmol)溶解于乙腈溶剂中，加热回流6-8小时，TLC监控，反应结束后，减压旋干乙腈，随后用乙酸乙酯稀释，并用水、饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤，旋干有机相，即得167mg中间体3粗品。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)6.24(s,1H),4.25(s,2H),4.22(m,2H),4.06(s,2H),1.28(t,J＝8.0,3H).MS(ESI)(m/z):187.0[M+H]+.
步骤d：中间体4(2-(3-(3-氰基-5-氟苯基)-2,5-二氧代咪唑啉-1-基)乙酸乙酯)的制备。
将167mg中间体3粗品、3-溴-5-氟苯甲腈(178mg,0.9mmol)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯,2-双环己基膦-2',4',6'-三异丙基联苯(102mg,0.1mmol)，碳酸铯(650mg,2.0mmol)溶于甲苯中，氮气保护下回流过夜；反应结束后，减压浓缩，残渣用乙酸乙酯稀释，水洗，有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥，拌样，经柱层析分离提纯即得中间体4(238mg,87％)。MS(ESI)m/z:306.1[M+H]+.
步骤e：中间体5(2-(3-(3-氰基-5-氟苯基)-2,5-二氧代咪唑啉-1-基)乙酸)的制备。
将上一步得到的中间体4(238mg,0.783mmol)溶解在MeOH/H2O(5mL/5mL)中，加入氢氧化锂溶液(1M；2.35mL,2.35mmol)，反应体系在0℃下搅拌3小时，反应完成后，向反应溶液中加入5ml水，用盐酸调节pH＝1，随后用乙酸乙酯(10mL×3)萃取，合并有机相，无水Na2SO4干燥，滤液减压浓缩得到220mg粗品，不经进一步纯化直接用于下一步。MS(ESI)(m/z):278.0[M+H]+.
步骤f：中间体6((2S,3R)-3-(2-(3-(3-氰基-5-氟苯基)-2,5-二氧代咪唑啉-1-基)乙酰氨基)-2-羟基-4-苯基-N-(噻唑-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(220mg,0.79mmol)、中间体2(230mg,0.79mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(360mg,0.95mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(412μL,2.37mmol)溶解于10mL二氯甲烷中，室温反应6小时，随后用二氯甲烷稀释，依次用饱和NH4Cl、饱和NaHCO3和饱和NaCl洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩，拌样，柱层析得到白色油状中间体6(334mg,77％)。MS(ESI)m/z:551.2[M+H]+.
步骤f：终产物518((R)-3-(2-(3-(3-氰基-5-氟苯基)-2,5-二氧代咪唑啉-1-基)乙酰氨基)-2-氧代-4-苯基-N-(噻唑-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体6(55mg,0.1mmol)溶解于10ml超干CH2Cl2中，随后分批加入戴斯-马丁氧化剂(51mg,0.12mmol)，于0℃下搅拌2小时后，直接用硫代硫酸钠溶液淬灭，混合体系用二氯甲烷(30ml×2)萃取，合并有机层，用饱和NaHCO3和卤水萃取，再用无水Na2SO4干燥，减压浓缩，残渣经柱层析纯化得到白色固态产品518(33mg,60％)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.60(t,J＝6.3Hz,1H),8.78(d,J＝7.1Hz,1H),8.21(d,J＝1.9Hz,1H),7.73(d,J＝3.2Hz,1H),7.63(d,J＝3.3Hz,1H),7.50-7.44(m,1H),7.34-7.15(m,6H),5.29-5.21(m,1H),4.65-4.60(m,2H),4.12(s,2H),3.89(s,2H),3.21-3.11(m,1H),2.92-2.83(m,1H).HRMS(ESI-TOF)m/z calcd.for C26H21FN6O5S[M+H]+549.1351,found 549.1355.
实施例15制备化合物532
步骤a：同实施例10步骤a；
步骤b：同实施例10步骤b；
步骤c：中间体3(2-(4-(2-氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)乙酸乙酯)的制备。
将溴乙酸乙酯(166mg,1.0mmol)、1-乙炔基-2-氟苯(120mg,1.0mmol)、叠氮化钠(72mg,1.1mmol)、抗坏血酸钠(40mg，0.2mmol)以及五水硫酸铜(50mg，0.2mmol)称量于25ml茄形瓶中，加入叔丁醇/水(10ml/5ml),室温反应24h，TLC监测，反应完成后，加入适当水，直接用乙酸乙酯萃取，浓缩，过柱子，得175mg中间体3，产率为70％。MS(ESI)m/z:250.1[M+H]+。
步骤d：中间体4(2-(4-(2-氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)乙酸)的制备。
将上一步得到的中间体3(125mg,0.5mmol)溶解在MeOH/H2O(2mL:2mL)中，加入氢氧化锂溶液(1M；1.05mL,1.05mmol)，反应体系在0℃下搅拌3小时，反应完成后，向反应溶液中加入5mL水，用盐酸调节pH＝1，随后用乙酸乙酯萃取，合并有机相，无水Na2SO4干燥，滤液减压浓缩得到120mg粗品，不经进一步纯化直接 用于下一步。
步骤e：中间体5((2S，3R)-3-(2-(4-(2-氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)乙酰胺)-2-羟基-4-苯基-N-(噻唑-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体4(75mg,0.3mmol)、中间体2(87mg,0.3mmol)、N,N,N’,N’-四甲基-O-(7-氮杂苯并三唑-1-基)六氟磷酸脲(136mg,0.36mmol)、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(156μL,0.9mmol)溶解于10mL二氯甲烷中，室温反应6小时，随后用二氯甲烷稀释，依次用饱和NH4Cl、饱和NaHCO3和饱和NaCl洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，减压浓缩，残渣经柱层析分离提纯得到白色固体中间体5(117mg,79％)。MS(ESI)m/z:495.1[M+H]+。
步骤e：化合物532((R)-3-(2-(4-(2-氟苯基)-1H-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)乙酰胺)-2-氧代-4-苯基-N-(噻唑-2-基甲基)丁酰胺)的制备。
将中间体5(49mg,0.1mmol)溶解于10mL二氯甲烷中，随后分批加入戴斯-马丁氧化剂(51mg,0.12mmol)，于0℃下搅拌2小时后，直接用硫代硫酸钠溶液淬灭，混合体系用二氯甲烷(30mL×2)萃取，合并有机层，用饱和NaHCO3和食盐水萃取，再用无水Na2SO4干燥，减压浓缩，残渣经柱层析分离纯化得到白色固态产品532(24mg,49％)。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ9.63(t,J＝6.2Hz,1H),8.97(d,J＝7.1Hz,1H),8.31(d,J＝3.8Hz,1H),8.13(td,J＝7.6,1.7Hz,1H),7.73(d,J＝3.3Hz,1H),7.62(d,J＝3.3Hz,1H),7.44-7.39(m,1H),7.38-7.27(m,4H),7.27-7.19(m,3H),5.30(dq,J＝11.7,4.0Hz,1H),5.24(d,J＝3.7Hz,2H),4.62(dd,J＝6.2,2.1Hz,2H),3.25-3.13(m,1H),2.96-2.82(m,1H).MS(ESI)m/z:493.1[M+H]+。
参照实施例1-15的方法，制得本发明的其他目标化合物。所得目标化合物的结构和表征数据如表1所示。
表1 本发明化合物的结构和表征数据








































































以下通过实验例证明本发明化合物的有益效果。
实验例1、本发明化合物对Mpro酶活力抑制水平的测试
(1)实验方法
将重组SARS-CoV-2 Mpro(最终浓度为750nM)与每种化合物的系列稀释液混合在25μL分析缓冲液(20mM Tris–HCl，pH 7.5，150mM NaCl，1mM EDTA，2mM DTT)中，并孵育10分钟。通过添加最终浓度为20μM的25μL荧光底物(MCA-AVLQ↓SGFR-Lys(Dnp)-Lys-NH2)来启动反应，用酶标仪测定320nm(激发)/405nm(发射)处的荧光信号。计算加入不同浓度化合物的反应的Vmax与加入DMSO的反应的Vmax，并用其生成IC50曲线。对于每种化合物，在9种浓度和3个独立重复下测量抗SARS-CoV-2 Mpro的IC50值。所有实验数据均采用GraphPad Prism软件进行分析。
(2)实验结果
表2 化合物对SARS-COV-2 MPro的酶活抑制活性







从表2、图1～图5可以看出，本发明的化合物能够有效抑制SARS-CoV-2 MPro的活性。本发明化合物可以用来制备SARS-CoV-2MPro抑制剂，抗新型冠状病毒的药物，以及预防和/或治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎的药物。
实验例2：化合物对Vero E6细胞的毒性实验
(1)实验方法
使用Vero E6细胞进行化合物的细胞毒性评估。具体实验方案是：将Vero E6细胞以细胞密度为2×104细胞/孔，100μL/孔接种在96孔板内，于37℃，5％CO2培养箱中培育过夜。次日，每孔加入100μL含药培养基，化合物以500μM为初始浓度，2倍梯度稀释，共6个梯度，每个浓度设置3个重复孔，每组实验设置不含药物的阴性对照和空白对照。药物处理72h后，使用MTT法检测细胞活力，计算化合物对Vero E6细胞的细胞半数毒性浓度(CC50)值。所有实验数据均采用GraphPad Prism软件进行分析。
(2)实验结果
表3 本发明化合物对Vero E6细胞的毒性

从表3可以看出，本发明的化合物对Vero E6细胞的毒性很低。
实验例3：化合物对大鼠的体内药代动力学特性评估
(1)给药方案
雄性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠，体重200-230g，所有动物随机分组，每组3只，并按照如下表4方案分别灌胃(p.o.)或静脉(i.v.)给予系列受试化合物。实验前禁食12h，自由饮水。给药后4h统一进食。
灌胃、静脉给药溶液以DMSO/HS15/PEG400/NaCl(5/3/40/52，v/v/v)配制。按表4所示给药剂量给予药物，记录给药时间，并在以上设定的时间点经颈静脉采血或其他合适方式，每个样品采集约0.20mL，肝素钠抗凝，采集后放置冰上。并于1小时之内离心分离血浆(离心条件：6800g，6分钟，2-8℃)。血浆样本在分析前存放时则放于-80℃冰箱内。分组及采血时间点见表4，每个时间点3只动物。
表4 化合物对大鼠的体内药代动力学特性评估实验方案

表5 化合物的主要药动学参数

实验结果表明，本发明化合物在SD大鼠中具有良好的药代动力学。
实验例4：化合物对人源细胞BEAS-2B细胞和HUVEC细胞的毒性实验
(1)实验方法
使用BEAS-2B细胞(人正常支气管上皮细胞)和HUVEC细胞(人脐静脉血管内皮细胞)进行化合物对人源细胞的细胞毒性评估。具体实验方案是：将BEAS-2B细胞或HUVEC细胞以细胞密度为2×104细胞/孔，100μL/孔接种在96孔板内，于37℃，5％CO2培养箱中培育过夜。次日，每孔加入100μL含药培养基，化合物以500μM为初始浓度，2倍梯度稀释，共6个梯度，每个浓度设置3个重复孔，每组实验设置不含药物的阴性对照和空白对照。药物处理72h后，使用MTT法检测细胞活力，计算化合物对BEAS-2B细胞或HUVEC细胞的细胞半数毒性浓度(CC50)值。所有实验数据均采用GraphPad Prism软件进行分析。
(2)实验结果
表6 化合物对人源细胞BEAS-2B细胞和HUVEC细胞的毒性
从表6可以看出，本发明的化合物对测试的人源细胞BEAS-2B细胞和HUVEC细胞的毒性很低。
实验例5：化合物对人肝微粒体代谢稳定性实验
(1)实验方法
将5μL 10mM待测化合物的DMSO储备溶液加入95μL甲醇中，配制成500μM的待测化合物溶液。在37℃水浴中预热0.1M磷酸钾 缓冲液(K-buffer)，pH 7.40±0.01。将1.5μL的500μM的待测化合物溶液和18.75μL的20mg/mL人肝微粒体加入预热好的479.75μL的K-buffer中，得到含有0.75mg/mL微粒体溶液的1.5μM的待测化合物溶液。将NADPH溶解到NADPH缓冲液中制备3×NADPH储备溶液(6mM，5mg/mL)。将30μL含有0.75mg/mL微粒体溶液的1.5μM溶液分配到指定用于不同时间点(0、5、15、30、45、60分钟)的测试板中。对于0分钟，将150μL含有内标物质的甲醇预先添加到0分钟板的板孔中。将所有其他测试板在37℃下预孵育5分钟。向所有测试板中加入15μL NADPH储备溶液(6mM)以开始反应和计时。在5分钟、15分钟、30分钟、45分钟和60分钟时，分别向相应板的孔中加入150μL含有内标物质的甲醇，以停止反应。反应停止后，在振动器上摇动测试板10分钟(600rpm)，然后在4000rmp下离心15分钟。将每个孔中的80μL上清液转移到含有120μL水的96孔样品板中，用于LC/MS分析。
(2)实验结果
表7 本发明化合物对人肝微粒体代谢稳定性
从表7的测试结果可以发现，本发明化合物对人肝微粒体代谢具有良好的稳定性。已经上市的辉瑞公司开发的新冠病毒主蛋白酶抑制剂PF-07321332在本测试相同条件下测得的人肝微粒体代谢消除半衰期(T1/2)为21.18min，本发明化合物对人肝微粒体代谢稳定性优于PF-07321332。
实验例6：化合物对人源蛋白酶的生化活性测定实验
(1)实验方法
化合物对人源蛋白酶的生化活性测定实验使用美国Biovision公司的人组织蛋白酶K(Cathepsin K)抑制剂筛选试剂盒(K150-100)、人组织蛋白酶B(Cathepsin B)抑制剂筛选试剂盒(K147-100)、人 凝血酶(Thrombin)活性测试试剂盒(K373-100)、人半胱天冬酶2(Caspase-2)抑制剂筛选试剂盒(K152-100)、人组织蛋白酶D(Cathepsin D)抑制剂筛选试剂盒(K148-100)，按照试剂盒说明书进行测试。所有实验一式三份进行。所有实验数据均采用GraphPad Prism软件进行分析。
(2)实验结果
表8 本发明化合物对人源蛋白酶的生化活性
由表8的实验结果可知，本发明化合物对几种具有相似结构的常见的人源蛋白酶：人组织蛋白酶K、人组织蛋白酶B、人凝血酶、人半胱天冬酶2和人组织蛋白酶D几乎没有活性，表明本发明化合物对新冠病毒主蛋白酶具有良好的选择性。
实验例7：化合物398对hERG钾离子通道的影响实验
(1)实验目的
快速激活人延迟整流外向钾电流(IKr)主要由hERG离子通道介导，参与人类心肌细胞复极化。药物阻断这一电流将导致临床上出现QT间期延长综合征，易诱发急性心律失常甚至猝死。本实验例应用手动膜片钳的方法在转染hERG钾通道的稳定细胞株上测试化合物398对hERG钾电流的作用，从而确定受试物是否对hERG离子通道具有抑制作用。
(2)实验方法
HEK-293-hERG细胞传代培养至合适状态后，用胰酶进行消化分离并存于离心管中，离心后弃去上清，用细胞外液使细胞再次悬浮备用，膜片钳记录之前，将细胞滴加于培养皿中，确保细胞具有一定密度且细胞呈单个分离状态。
采用全细胞膜片钳技术记录hERG电流。取细胞悬液加于小培养皿中，置于倒置显微镜载物台上。待细胞贴壁后，用细胞外液灌流，流速1-2mL/min。玻璃微电极由微电极拉制仪两步拉制，充灌电极内液后其入水电阻值为2-5MΩ。
建立全细胞记录模式后，保持钳制电位为-80mV。给予去极化电压至+60mV持续850ms，然后复极化至-50mV维持1275ms引出hERG尾电流。这样一组脉冲程序每15秒钟重复一次，贯穿整个实验。
电流稳定后采用从低浓度到高浓度胞外连续灌流给药的方式。从低浓度开始，持续灌流至药效稳定，即每个浓度给药阶段的最后5个刺激条电流值变化小于均值的10％(当电流大于等于200pA时)或小于均值的30％(当电流小于200pA时)，然后进行下一浓度的灌流。分别测试受试物(0.3，1，3，10，30μM)和阳性对照西沙必利(Cisapride)对hERG尾电流的阻断效应。通过PatchMaster或Clampex 10.6软件进行刺激发放及信号采集；膜片钳放大器放大信号。使用FitMaster或Clampfit 10.6，EXCEL，Graphpad Prism和SPSS 21.0等进行进一步数据分析和曲线拟合。数据均以均值、标准差表示。
(3)实验结果
在本实验条件下，阳性对照品Cisapride对hERG电流抑制作用具有浓度依赖性，其在0.1μM的浓度下对hERG电流的抑制率为86.36％，说明测试结果可信。在本试验条件下，最大浓度为30μM的对hERG电流的平均抑制率为1.28％，即化合物398对hERG电流的IC50>30μM，具有较低的心脏毒性，给药后不易诱发急性心律失常甚至猝死。
表9 本发明化合物对hERG电流的抑制作用
实验例8：RT-qPCR法测定本发明化合物在细胞层面抗病毒活性
(1)实验方法
将SARS-CoV-2(B.1.1.529)BA.1突变株以0.1的MOI值对Vero E6-TMPRSS2细胞进行感染。将本发明化合物从20μM至0.0013μM进行5倍稀释并处理细胞，同时以PF-07321332为阳性对照化合物。在24hpi时收集细胞裂解物以进行RT-qPCR分析。所有实验一式三份进行。所有实验数据均采用GraphPad Prism软件进行分析。
(2)实验结果
实验结果如图6所示。结果表明，本发明化合物能够有效抑制突变型SARS-CoV-2(B.1.1.529)在Vero E6-TMPRSS2细胞中的复制。其中，化合物398和395在本测试条件下对SARS-CoV-2突变株(B.1.1.529)复制的抑制活性优于阳性对照化合物PF-07321332。
实验例9：斑块法测定化合物398在细胞层面抗病毒活性
(1)实验方法
分别将MERS-CoV,SARS-CoV-1,SARS-CoV-2 Alpha(B.1.1.7)突变株,Beta(B.1.351)突变株,Omicron(B.1.1.529)BA.2和BA.5突变株以50-70PFU/孔在12孔板中对Vero E6-TMPRSS2细胞进行感染。将细胞用PBS洗涤并用2％琼脂糖/PBS覆盖，并以1:1的比例与2×DMEM/2％FBS混合，在2hpi时将WSK-S02和阳性化合物Nirmatrelvir从0.0013μM至20μM进行5倍稀释并处理细胞。在72hpi时固定细胞，用0.5％结晶紫在25％乙醇/蒸馏水中对细胞染色10分钟，并对染色后的斑块进行量化(n＝3)。EC50(半数起效浓度)值通过使用GraphPad Prism 8.0软件中的剂量反应模型计算。
(2)实验结果
实验结果如图7所示。结果表明，化合物398能够降低MERS-CoV、SARS-CoV-1、SARS-CoV-2B.1.1.7(Alpha)、SARS-CoV-2B.1.351(Beta)、SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2和BA.5毒株感染Vero E6-TMPRSS2细胞导致的细胞病变效应，并且抗病毒活性分别比阳性对照化合物Nirmatrelvir(PF-07321332)高1.79、17.14、40.95、10.16、2.82和4.00倍，表明与Nirmatrelvir相比，化合物398对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron等变体及其他冠状病毒具有更高的抗病毒活性。
实验例10：化合物398在K18-hACE2转基因小鼠的体内抗病毒活性药效学评价
(1)实验方法
K18-hACE2转基因小鼠(6-8周龄)购买自The Jackson Laboratory，动物的使用符合所有相关的伦理规定，并得到香港大学教学和研究中使用活体动物委员会的批准。在雌性或雄性K18-hACE2转基因小鼠鼻内(i.n.)接种2000PFU SARS-CoV-2 Omicron(B.1.1.529)BA.2突变株。对于早期治疗，从感染当天1hpi到第4天(4dpi)，小鼠每天两次口服150mg/kg WSK-S02化合物398。对于晚期治疗，小鼠从1dpi每天两次口服化合物398(150mg/kg)或化合物398(150mg/kg)/利托纳韦(RTV，10mg/kg)、Nirmatrelvir(150mg/kg)或Nirmatrelvir(150mg/kg)/利托纳韦(RTV，10mg/kg)到4dpi。使用溶媒(5％DMSO/3％Solutol HS-15/40％PEG400/生理盐水)处理的小鼠作为对照组，在试验期间每天监测小鼠的存活情况，于4dpi处死小鼠，并对器官组织取样进行病毒学和组织病理学分析。
病毒基因组拷贝数测定：在感染SARS-CoV-2 Omicron(B.1.1.529)BA.2的K18-hACE2转基因小鼠模型治疗到4dpi时处死动物，得到各组小鼠的肺组织样品。使用RLT缓冲液(Qiagen)对转基因小鼠组织样品进行裂解，并用RNeasy Mini试剂盒进行提取。提取RNA后，使用Transcriptor First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit、QuantiNova SYBR Green RT-PCR试剂盒或QuantiNova Probe RT-PCR试剂盒以进行RT-qPCR分析。
病毒滴度测定：在感染前1天将Vero E6-TMPRSS2细胞接种在12孔板中。在感染SARS-CoV-2 Omicron(B.1.1.529)BA.2的K18-hACE2转基因小鼠模型治疗到4dpi时处死动物，得到各组小鼠的肺组织样品。将收获的组织样品的上清液连续梯度稀释并在37℃中接种到细胞中1小时。接种后，用PBS洗涤细胞3次，并用2％琼脂糖/PBS与2×DMEM/2％FBS以1:1的比例混合。48小时后固定细胞，并用0.5％结晶紫在25％乙醇/蒸馏水中染色10分钟，用于斑块量化。
组织病理学研究：将浸泡过甲酸的转基因小鼠鼻甲和肺组织在10％福尔马林中固定过夜。然后将固定的样品用TP1020 Leica半封闭台式组织处理器包埋在石蜡中，并以5μm切片。在37℃下，将组织切片捞出并干燥固定在防脱载玻片上过夜。依次用二甲苯、乙醇、双蒸水依次稀释、脱蜡脱水，与抗原封闭液处理切片，并将切片85℃加热90s进行抗原暴露，然后用0.3％过氧化氢封闭30分钟，然后用1％BSA封闭30分钟。内部兔抗SARS-CoV-2-N免疫血清和山羊抗兔IgG抗体分别用作一抗和二抗。使用DAB(3,3'-二氨基联苯胺)底物试剂盒产生信号。细胞核用吉尔苏木精标记。用具有DAPI的防褪色封固剂封固载玻片。对于H&E染色，感染的组织切片用Gill苏木精和伊红Y染色。使用Olympus BX53光学显微镜拍摄图像进行分析。
(2)实验结果
如图8所示，在建立的感染SARS-CoV-2 Omicron(B.1.1.529)BA.2的K18-hACE2转基因小鼠模型的实验中，化合物398的早期治疗给药在4dpi时将被感染小鼠肺中的病毒基因组RNA(vRNA)显著降低了179倍。在相同的治疗方案中，病毒亚基因组mRNA(sgRNA)的产生被抑制了337倍。即使将化合物398治疗推迟到24hpi，被感染小鼠肺中的vRNA和sgRNA拷贝在4dpi时也分别减少了16倍和12倍。与Nirmatrelvir治疗的小鼠相比，化合物398治疗的小鼠肺部的病毒vRNA拷贝和sgRNA拷贝均减少了4倍。
如图9所示，用斑块测定法测量了肺部的传染性病毒负荷，结果显示化合物398的治疗也有效抑制了肺部感染性病毒颗粒的产生。据 研究报道，与RTV共同给药时能够延迟了肝微粒体对化合物的清除，从而增强了体内的药代动力学和抗病毒功效。因此，本研究对化合物398和RTV共同给药的协同治疗效果也进行了考察。值得注意的是，化合物398/RTV治疗开始于24hpi。与单一治疗相比，被感染小鼠肺中的病毒负荷进一步减轻了15倍(vRNA)、43倍(sgRNA)和6倍(传染性病毒滴度)。重要的是，与用Nirmatrelvir/RTV治疗的小鼠相比，用化合物398/RTV治疗的小鼠肺中的传染性病毒滴度显着降低了约90％。
如图10所示，针对SARS-CoV-2核衣壳(N)蛋白的免疫组织学染色试验结果显示(图10A)，病毒抗原在溶媒对照组的小鼠肺中表达最多(黑色箭头)，其次是单独使用Nirmatrelvir或化合物398进行治疗，Nirmatrelvir/RTV和化合物398/RTV的联合治疗同样将受感染小鼠肺组织中的N蛋白表达限制在非常低的水平。此外，组织H&E染色分析结果显示(图10B)，溶媒对照组最突出的肺部病理学特征是肺泡间隔、细支气管周围区域和血管周围区域的多灶性炎症浸润。相比之下，在用化合物398治疗的小鼠的肺泡间质中偶尔会发现散在的炎症细胞浸润。与单一治疗相比，化合物398/RTV联合给药进一步改善了肺部组织结构。
实验例11：化合物398在小鼠、比格犬和食蟹猴体内的药代动力学特性评价
(1)给药方案
雄性ICR小鼠(6～8周龄，体重16～25g)、或雄性比格犬(1～2岁，体重9～12kg)、或雄性食蟹猴(6～7岁，体重6～8kg)，分别随机分组，每组3只，并按照如下表10方案分别灌胃(p.o.)或静脉(i.v.)给予系列受试化合物。
灌胃、静脉给药溶液以DMSO/HS15/PEG400/NaCl(5/3/40/52，v/v/v)配制。按表4所示给药剂量给予药物，记录给药时间，并在以上设定的时间点经颈静脉采血或其他合适方式，每个样品采集约0.20mL，肝素钠抗凝，采集后放置冰上。并于1小时之内离心分离血浆(离心条件：6800g，6分钟，2-8℃)。血浆样本在分析前存放时则放于-80℃冰箱内。分组及采血时间点见表4，每个时间点3只动物。
表10 化合物398对小鼠、比格犬和食蟹猴的体内药代动力学特性评估实验方案

表11 化合物的主要药动学参数
如表11所示，本发明化合物398在小鼠、比格犬和食蟹猴中均具有良好的药代动力学性质。
实验例12：化合物398在小鼠中的体内安全性初步评价
(1)实验方法
将化合物溶解在DMSO/HS15/PEG400/NaCl(5/3/40/52，v/v/v)中。ICR大鼠(年龄：6-8周)雌16-22克)雄(体重17-25克)各半。化合物398按表12的给药方案进行试验，并对所有动物进行临床观察。并在实验结束时，收集心脏，肝，脾，肺，肾和给药部位的样品。试验结果如表12所示。
(2)实验结果
表12 化合物398对大鼠的体内安全性的初步评价

实验结果显示，本发明化合物398对小鼠的体内安全性良好。

Claims (76)

  1. 式I所示化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物：
    其中，Q为含氮杂芳环或含氮稠杂芳环；
    R1选自氢、未取代或卤代的C1～8烷基、未取代或卤代的C1～8烷氧基、卤素、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基、3～8元饱和杂环基、3～8元饱和环烷基、NHCOR1a；R1a选自C1～8烷基、未取代或卤代的以下基团：3～8元饱和杂环基、3～8元饱和环烷基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基；
    R2选自氢、C1～8烷基、C1～8烷氧基、卤素、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基、3～8元饱和杂环基、3～8元饱和环烷基；
    R3选自氢、C1～8烷基、C1～8烷氧基、卤素、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基、3～8元饱和杂环基、3～8元饱和环烷基、CH2R3a；R3a选自未取代或卤代的以下基团：3～8元饱和杂环基、3～8元饱和环烷基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基、稠环芳基；
    R4选自氢、取代或未取代的如下任一基团：C1～8烷基、C1～8烷氧基、3～8元饱和环烷基、3～8元饱和杂环基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基、桥环基、稠环芳基、稠杂芳基，或5～6元饱和杂环基并5～6元芳基；
    所述取代基团的取代基为R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d，且分别独立选自：氢、卤素、苯基、氰基、羟基、酯基、三甲基硅基、-(CH2)m-SO2R’、-COOR”，或被卤素、氰基、卤代烷基、卤代烷氧基中的任意一种或多种取代或未取代的如下任一基团：C1～8烷基、C1～8烷氧基、苄基、吡啶基或3～6元饱和环烷基；所述R’、R”分别独立选自C1～8烷基；m为0～3的整数；
    或，所述R4a、R4b连接形成卤代或未取代的3～6元饱和碳环或碳杂环；
    L1选自无、取代或未取代的-(CH2)n-或-O-(CH2)n-、-O-、-NHCO-、-NHSO2-、-CONH-、-NHCOO-、-NHCONH-、-NH-；n为1～3的任意整数；所述L1的取代基是C1～3烷基、C1～3烷氧基或苯基；
    X选自无、CR5R6、N R5R6、O或SO2，R5、R6分别独立选自：
    氢、卤素、R5a、R5b、R5c取代或未取代的C1～8烷基，或R5、R6 连接形成：R6a、R6b取代或未取代的3～8元饱和环烷基或3～8元饱和杂环基；
    R5a、R5b、R5c分别独立选自氢、炔基、羟基、-CONH2、-N(CH3)2、卤素、C1～8烷氧基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基，或R5a、R5b、R5c中任意二者连接形成3～8元饱和环烷基或3～8元饱和杂环基；
    R6a、R6b分别独立选自氢、烯基、卤素、卤素取代或未取代的C1～8烷基，或R6a、R6b连接形成5～6元芳基；
    L2选自无、 或Ra、Rb取代或未取代的
    其中，R0为氢、C1～3烷基，或与R5连接形成取代或未取代的如下结构：桥环、3～6元饱和环或3～6元饱和环并苯环；所述取代的结构的取代基为C1～3烷基或卤素；
    Ra、Rb分别独立选自氢、氰基、C1～5烷基、3～6元环烷基或Ra、Rb连接形成3～6元饱和碳环；
    Y为O或S；
    t为0～3的任意整数，q为0～4的任意整数，r为0～3的任意整数，s为0～3的任意整数，k为0～3的任意整数，u为0～3的任意整数。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：Q为5～6元含氮杂芳环、5元并6元含氮杂芳环，或6元并6元含氮稠杂芳环。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：Q为：
  4. 如权利要求3所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：Q为：
  5. 如权利要求1所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R1为氢、卤素、卤代或未取代的C1～8烷基或未取代的C1～8烷氧基。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R1为氢、卤素、卤代或未取代的C1～3烷基或未取代的C1～3烷氧基。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R1为氢、氟、氯、甲基、甲氧基或-CF3。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R2为氢或C1～8烷基。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R2为氢或甲基。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R3为氢或CH2R3a；R3a选自未取代或卤代的以下基团：C1～4烷基、5～6元环烷基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基或稠环芳基。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R3为氢或CH2R3a；R3a选自未取代或卤代的以下基团：C1～2烷基、5～6元环烷基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基或萘基。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于： R3为氢或CH2R3a；R3a选自苯基、乙基、环己基、呋喃基、萘基或F取代的苯基。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R4选自取代或未取代的如下任一基团：C1～4烷基、C1～4烷氧基、3～7元饱和环烷基、4～6元饱和杂环基、5～6元芳基、5～6元杂芳基、桥环基、萘基，5～6元芳杂环基并苯基或5～6元饱和杂环基并苯基；
    所述取代基团的取代基为R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d且分别独立选自：氢、卤素、苯基、氰基、羟基、酯基、三甲基硅基、-(CH2)m-SO2R’、-COOR”、卤素取代或未取代的如下任一基团：C1～3烷基、C1～3烷氧基或3～4元饱和环烷基；所述R’、R”分别独立选自C1～4烷基；m为0～2的整数
    或，所述R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d中的任意两个连接形成卤代或未取代的3～6元饱和碳环或杂环。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R4选自取代或未取代的如下任一基团：C1～4烷基、C1～4烷氧基、3～7元饱和环烷基、4～6元饱和杂环基、5～6元芳基、5～6元氮杂芳基、桥环基、萘基，苯并呋喃基、苯并吡啶基，或5～6元饱和氧杂环基并苯基；
    所述取代基团的取代基为R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d且分别独立选自：氢、卤素、苯基、氰基、羟基、酯基、三甲基硅基、-(CH2)m-SO2R’、-COOR”、卤素取代或未取代的如下任一基团：C1～3烷基、C1～3烷氧基或3元饱和环烷基；所述R’、R”分别独立选自C1～4烷基；m为0或1；
    或，所述R4a、R4b、R4c、R4d中的任意两个连接形成卤代或未取代的3～6元饱和碳环或氧杂环。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R4是氟取代的4～6元饱和环烷基。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R4是2个氟取代的4～6元饱和环烷基。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R4是z为1～3的整数。
  18. 如权利要求14所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R4选自取代或未取代的如下任一基团：-CH3、-OCH3、
  19. 如权利要求18所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R4选自如下任一基团：-CH3、CF3、-OCH3、-OCF3、-OC(CH3)3、
  20. 如权利要求1所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：L1是取代或未取代的-(CH2)n-，n为1～3的任意整数；所述取代的取代基是C1～3烷基或苯基。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：L1是取代或未取代的-CH2-；所述取代的取代基是甲基或苯基。
  22. 如权利要求1所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：X为 无、CR5R6或NR5R6；R5、R6分别独立选自：
    氢、氟、R5a、R5b、R5c取代或未取代的C1～5烷基，或R5、R6连接形成：R6a、R6b取代或未取代的3～6元饱和环烷基或4元饱和氧杂环基；
    R5a、R5b、R5c分别独立选自氢、乙炔基、羟基、-CONH2、-CONHCH3、-N(CH3)2、氟、甲氧基、苯基、甲磺酰基、氨基、羧基、甲酯基、氮杂苯基，或R5a、R5b、R5c中任意二者连接形成3～6元饱和环烷基或5～6元饱和氧杂环基；
    R6a、R6b分别独立选自氢、乙烯基、氟、氟取代的甲基，或R6a、R6b连接形成苯基；
    L2为无、 或Ra、Rb取代或未取代的
    其中，R0为氢、C1～3烷基，或与R5连接形成取代或未取代的如下结构：
    所述取代的结构的取代基是甲基或氟；
    Ra、Rb分别独立选自氢、氰基、丁基、6元环烷基或Ra、Rb连接形成3元碳环；
    Y为O或S；
    t为0或1，q为0～4的任意整数，r为0或1，s为0或1，k为0或1，u为0或1。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：X 为CR5R6，L2为q为0或1。
  24. 如权利要求22所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：X为无、
    L2为无、
    或L2与X连接形成如下任一结构：
  25. 如权利要求24任一项所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：X是L2是
  26. 如权利要求1～25任一项所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II或式III所示：
  27. 如权利要求26所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-A所示：
  28. 如权利要求27所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-A-a、式II-A-b、式II-A-c或式II-A-d所示：

  29. 如权利要求28所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-A-a-1所示：
  30. 如权利要求29所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为如下任一结构：














  31. 如权利要求28所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-A-a-2所示：
    M为氟、氯、甲基、甲氧基或-CF3。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为如下任一结构：

  33. 如权利要求27所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所 述化合物的结构如式II-A-b-1所示：
  34. 如权利要求33所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为如下结构：
  35. 如权利要求27所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-A-c-1所示：
  36. 如权利要求35所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为如下结构：
  37. 如权利要求27所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-A-d-1所示：
  38. 如权利要求37所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为如下结构：
  39. 如权利要求27所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-A-e、式II-A-f、式II-A-g、式II-A-h、式II-A-i、式II-A-i1、式II-A-i2、式II-A-i3、式II-A-i4或式II-A-i5所示：


    其中，U、V、U’、V’分别独立选自氢、C1～3烷基或卤素，优选为氢、甲基或氯；W为O或S。
  40. 如权利要求39所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-A-e-1所示：
  41. 如权利要求40所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如下任一所示：
  42. 如权利要求39所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-A-e-2所示：
  43. 如权利要求42所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如下所示：
  44. 如权利要求39所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如下任一所示：

  45. 如权利要求39所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-A-h-1所示：
  46. 如权利要求45所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如下任一所示：

  47. 如权利要求39所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-A-h-2所示：
  48. 如权利要求47所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如下任一所示：





  49. 如权利要求39所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-A-I’-2所示；
  50. 如权利要求49所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为如下任一结构：
  51. 如权利要求27所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为式II-A-j所示结构：
    其中，z是1～3的任意整数；q是0～4的任意整数；R5、R6至少一个不为氢；
    优选地，z是1、2或3；q是0或1。
  52. 如权利要求51所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为式II-A-j-1所示结构：
  53. 如权利要求52所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为如下任一结构：

  54. 如权利要求26所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-B、II-C或II-D所示：
  55. 如权利要求54所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-B-a所示：
  56. 如权利要求55所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-B-a-1所示：
  57. 如权利要求56所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为如下结构：
  58. 如权利要求54所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-C-a所示：
  59. 如权利要求58所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构式如式II-C-a-1所示：
  60. 如权利要求59所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为如下结构：
  61. 如权利要求54所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-D-a所示：
  62. 如权利要求61所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式II-D-a-1所示：
  63. 如权利要求62所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为如下结构：
  64. 如权利要求26所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式III-A、式III-B、式III-C、式III-D、式III-E或式III-F所示：

    其中，T1、T2、T3分别独立选自氢或卤素，且至少一个为卤素。
  65. 如权利要求64所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：T为氟。
  66. 如权利要求64所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：R1为氯或氢。
  67. 如权利要求64所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物的结构如式III-A-a、式III-A-b、式III-B-a、式III-C-a、式III-C-b、式III-D-a、式III-D-b、式III-E-a或式III-F-a所示：

  68. 如权利要求67所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物，其特征在于：所述化合物为如下任一结构：

  69. 一种药物组合物，其特征在于：所述药物组合物是以权利要求1～68任一项所述化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物为活性成分，加上药学上可接受的辅料制成的制剂。
  70. 权利要求1～68任一项所述的化合物、或其药学上可接受的 盐、或其立体异构体、或其旋光异构体、或其氘代化合物在制备预防和/或治疗冠状病毒相关的疾病的药物中的用途。
  71. 如权利要求70所述的用途，其特征在于，所述预防和/或治疗冠状病毒相关的疾病的药物是抗冠状病毒的药物。
  72. 如权利要求71所述的用途，其特征在于，所述抗冠状病毒的药物是抑制冠状病毒感染细胞的药物。
  73. 如权利要求71所述的用途，其特征在于：所述抗冠状病毒的药物是冠状病毒蛋白水解酶抑制剂，优选为冠状病毒主蛋白酶抑制剂。
  74. 如权利要求70～73任一项所述的用途，其特征在于：所述冠状病毒为SARS-CoV-2、SARS-CoV、MERS-CoV、HcoV-229E、HcoV-NL63、HcoV-HKU1或HcoV-OC43，优选为SARS-CoV-2。
  75. 如权利要求74所述的用途，其特征在于，所述预防和/或治疗冠状病毒相关的疾病的药物是预防和/或治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎COVID-19的药物。
  76. 根据权利要求74所述的用途，其特征在于：所述冠状病毒主蛋白酶抑制剂为SARS-CoV-2Mpro抑制剂。
PCT/CN2023/076078 2022-03-01 2023-02-15 酮酰胺类衍生物及其制药用途 WO2023165334A1 (zh)

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