GB213363A - Improvements in or relating to carbonisation and/or gasification of fuels - Google Patents

Abstract

213,363. Davies, W. E. Jan. 18, 1923. Coking processes.-The charge is divided into zones or stages and heated externally or internally on one side only, and the distillation products are withdrawn separately from each stage from the cooler side of the retorts. Gases such as flue gases, steam, hydrogen, oxygen, air, inert gases, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons may be introduced and the heating may be a combination of external and internal means. The heating wall serves to preheat the gases introduced which are passed transversely across the charge, the combustion gases being used first for external heating and then for internal heating by passage through the charge. In addition to a pre-drying zone a zone of preliminary intensive heat treatment is employed to facilitate coking and to which pitch or tar may be supplied. The vapours from the first stage of 450 to 600‹ C. are forced downwards into and cracked in the bottom part of this zone and in a second stage of 550 to 750‹ C. a. coked mass is obtained which passes into the third stage in which superheated steam is used to generate water gas. In a fourth stage a lower grade water gas is obtained which may be used for heating the retorts. Suitable apparatus comprises two retorts 1 with heating zones 3, 3<a>, 3<b> and enclosing with their non- heated sides gas offtakes 2, 2<a>, 2<b>. Gas and air for combustion enter by openings 4, 5 respectively and the combustion products pass through flues 6 to flues 7, 8 a portion of the gas passing through inclined openings 9 through the charge to the outlets 10 and the waste gases from flue 8 are led to the chimney. The extraneous gases passed through the retorts take the same path as the heating gases. Specifications 136,880 and 165,825 are referred to.