GB2063241A - Attaching a prefabricated ceramic member to a ceramic body - Google Patents
Attaching a prefabricated ceramic member to a ceramic body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2063241A GB2063241A GB8034994A GB8034994A GB2063241A GB 2063241 A GB2063241 A GB 2063241A GB 8034994 A GB8034994 A GB 8034994A GB 8034994 A GB8034994 A GB 8034994A GB 2063241 A GB2063241 A GB 2063241A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic
- prefabricated
- ceramic body
- ceramic member
- fixing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009365 direct transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/02—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for attaching appendages, e.g. handles, spouts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
A prefabricated ceramic member for example a cup handle (22), is attached to a ceramic body, for example a cup (2), by coating with a film of water (i) a mating surface of member (22) - which has been predried leather-hard - and/or (ii) a mating surface of body (2), and causing thixotropic softening of the mating surfaces as a result of direct vibration transmission and joining the softened mating surfaces by pressing them together. An apparatus for carrying out the method is described. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Method and apparatus for fixing a prefabricated ceramic member to a ceramic body
The invention concerns a method and an apparatus for carrying out the method for fixing a prefabricated ceramic member, such as e.g.
handles or knobs, of ceramic materials, to a ceramic body, e.g. vessels, or vessel lids. The vessels may take the form of cups, pitchers or jugs for instance.
Joining by fixing of prefabricated ceramic members such as handles or knobs of ceramic materials to ceramic bodies, such as cups, pitchers, jugs, or other vessels or vessel lids of ceramic materials, is usually executed as a manual or mechanical process by means of fixing materials of the most varied composition. These fixing materials may constitute highly viscous to pasty mixtures of ceramic materials, clays, kaolins, ceramic glazes, organic adhesives, such as dextrin or CMC (carboxymethylcellulose) preparations suspended in water.
Fixing of the prefabricated ceramic members takes place in the shaping process of ceramic articles during the stage of drying, and indeed after the completion of predrying, leather-hard drying and before the beginning of white drying.
The prefabricated ceramic members after the completion of leather-hard drying have water contents of substantially 1420% by weight.
Usually the fixing process begins with the application of a fixing material layer to the surface which has been prepared by shaping, of the prefabricated ceramic member to be fixed. The said ceramic member prepared in this way is usually manually or mechanically joined to the attachment points provided on a hollow body for fixing, and caused to stick by pressure. Surplus fixing material may be removed by using aids such as brush, sponge, etc. The disadvantage of this method lies in that the adhesion of the fixed ceramic member is dependent on.
- skilled execution in manual fixing, - the quality of the composition and suitability of the fixing material.
Further disadvantages of the method lie in - the existence of three operational steps, application of the fixing material in the form of a slip, pressing on of the ceramic member, removal of excess fixing material, and hence in the complicated conversion of this method to a mechanical apparatus for carrying out the method.
A primary object of the invention, a method and an apparatus for carrying out the method is to find application, is to eliminate or minimise one or more of the above-mentioned disadvantages and offer a possibility of uncomplicated conversion to a fixing apparatus or an automatically operating machine. The method is not dependent to any substantial extent on the reliability or the manual skill of the person executing it, and likewise not on the quality of the composition and suitability of the fixing material. It offers high reliability for the adhesion and regularity of fixing of prefabricated
ceramic members to ceramic bodies.
The method makes it possible for a
prefabricated ceramic member to be joined to a
ceramic body by the effect of vibrations by means of direct transmission of vibrations, without the aid of a fixing material.
The principle is based on the thixotropic phenomena in ceramic materials which are in the plastic state. According to this, ceramic materials show changes in their ceramic-physical behaviour under the effect of vibrations, the application of stress by stirring and by agitating. Due- to the "flow" of the ceramic material arising at the surfaces of the contact regions of the prefabricated ceramic member and the ceramic body an intimate bond between the two parts is realised. The vibrations may be transmitted directly by means of a mechanical vibrator. Further finishing of the fixing region is unnecessary.
According to one aspect of the invention there is provided a method of fixing a prefabricated ceramic member to a ceramic body comprising coating with a film of water a mating surface of a prefabricated ceramic member which has been predried ieather-hard as hereinbefore defined and/or a mating surface of a ceramic body and causing thixotropic softening of the mating surfaces of the said ceramic member and said ceramic body as a result of direct vibration transmission and joining the softened mating surfaces bk pressing them together. Preferably the prefabricated ceramic member is a handle or knob and the ceramic body is preferably a vessel or vessel lid. Conveniently the vibrations are achieved by electromechanical vibrations and have a frequency in a range of 50 Hz to 200 Hz and an amplitude which is not more than 1 mm.
Advantageously a mating surface of the prefabricated ceramic member and/or a mating surface of the ceramic body is/are vibrated as a result of the direct vibration transmission.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided an apparatus for carrying out the method, comprising a turntable rotatable stepwise to proceed from one station to another station, a spring loadable lever arm fixed to the turntable by a pin, the lever arm being provided with a first roller at one end of the lever arm and a second roller at the opposite end of the lever arm, the first roller and rail being disposed adjacent to a disc having a keyway at a fixing station and the second roller is disposed adjacent to a cam art a cleaning station, and on a vertically and horizontally movable vibrator is disposed a resiliently constructed vibrating rod and above a support for a prefabricated ceramic member to be fixed to a ceramic body are disposed a pourer and a mounting head with a groove.
EXAMPLE
a. Method illustrative of the invention:
To a cup body of ceramic material with a water content of 1820% by weight is to be fixed a handle of ceramic material with a water content of 1 8-20% by weight. The cup body is advanced manually or mechanically with the inner surface towards a probe and pressed against the probe which is vibrating at a frequency of 50-20 Hz and an amplitude of less than 1 mm. The handle, after application of a film of water to the fixing surfaces of the handle, is pressed against the fixing points of the cup, whereby a connection between cup body and handle is realised by the thixotropic effect which arises due to the vibrations generated by direct vibration transmission.
EXAMPLE
b. Apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention:
An apparatus for carrying out the method is described in detail by way of example.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a pian view of an apparatus embodying the invention,
Figure 2 is a section taken along the section line shown in Figure 1 and turned through 30 degrees, and
Figure 3 shows a section taken along the section line shown in Figure 2.
At an input station 1, cups 2 are placed manually or mechanically on a mounting head 3, travel on a turntable 4 which is rotatably advanced step by step through a cleaning station 5 and an empty station 6 and arrive at a fixing station 7.
At the cleaning station 5, the mounting head 3 is set in rotation by means of revolving V-belts via
V-belt pulley 8 and shaft 9.
Before entry of the mounting head 3 with the cup 2 into the fixing station 7, a roller 10 fixed to a lever 11 runs off a cam 12. The lever 11 is mounted rotatably on a pin 13. The pin 13 is fixed to the turntable 4 and the cam 12 and a rail 14 are fixed pivotally via a stay 1 5 to a frame 16. By application of the rail 14 to a disc 1 7, the latter is set in rotation until a roller 18 which is fixed to the lever 11, which is loaded by spring 19, engages in a keyway 20. Thereby, the mounting head 3 with groove 21 is stopped precisely and the fixing process can begin.
A handle 22 is manually inserted in a handle support 23 before the fixing process and thereafter moved with a sliding bar 24 towards the cup 2. Shortly before pressing of the handle 22 onto the cup 2, wetting of the fixing points by a pourer 25 with water takes place. At the same time as movement of the handle 22 towards the cup 2, from below a vibrator 26, to which a vibrating rod 27 is fixed, is moved upwards by a work cylinder 28. The vibrating rod 27 is thereby introduced into groove 21 and thereafter pressed by a work cylinder 29 on the inside against the cup 2. The vibrating rod 27 is constructed as a resiiient member. At the same time as pressing of the handle 22 onto the cup 22 by the handle support 23, the vibrating rod 27 is set in vibration by the vibrator 26. Thereby softening (thixotropy) occurs at the contact surfaces of handle 22 and cup 2, and by pressing of the handle 22 by the handle support 23, intimate bonding of cup 2 and handle 22 occurs. Thereafter, the handle support 23 is swung away laterally and withdrawn into the starting position.
The vibrating rod 27 is withdrawn by the work cylinder 29 from the inside wall of the cup 2 and moved by the work cylinder 28 downwardly out of the groove 21.
By further advancing the turntable 4, the cup 2 can then be removed manually or mechanically at a take-off station 30.
Claims (9)
1. A method of fixing a prefabricated ceramic member to a ceramic body comprising coating with a film of water a mating surface of a prefabricated ceramic member which has been predried leather-hard as hereinbefore defined and/or a mating surface of a ceramic body and causing thixotropic softening of the mating surfaces of the said ceramic member and said ceramic body as a result of direct vibration transmission and joining the softened mating surfaces by pressing them together.
2. A method according to Claim 1, wherein the prefabricated ceramic member is a handle or knob.
3. A method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, wherein the said ceramic body is a vessel or a vessel lid.
4. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the vibrations are achieved by electromechanical vibrations and have a frequency in a range of 50 Hz to 200 Hz and an amplitude which is not more than 1 mm.
5. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein a mating surface of the prefabricated ceramic member and/or a mating surface of the ceramic body is/are vibrated as a result of the direct vibration transmission.
6. A method according to Claim 1 substantially as herein described with reference to Figures 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings.
7. A prefabricated ceramic member which has been fixed to a ceramic body by the method claimed in any preceding claim.
8. An apparatus for carrying out the method claimed in Claim 1, comprising a turntable rotatable stepwise to proceed from one station to another station, a spring loadable lever arm fixed to the turntable by a pin, the lever arm being provided with a first roller at one end of the lever arm and a second roller at the opposite end of the lever arm, the first roller and a rail being disposed adjacent to a disc having a keyway at a fixing station and the second roller is disposed adjacent to a cam at a cleaning station, and on a vertically and horizontally movable vibrator is disposed a resiliently constructed vibrating rod and above a support for a prefabricated ceramic member to be fixed to a ceramic body are disposed a pourer and a mounting head with a groove.
9. An apparatus substantially as herein described and illustrated by Figures 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD79217002A DD146414A1 (en) | 1979-11-20 | 1979-11-20 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GARNING PRE-PRODUCED ITEMS OF CERAMIC MASS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2063241A true GB2063241A (en) | 1981-06-03 |
| GB2063241B GB2063241B (en) | 1983-05-18 |
Family
ID=5521130
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8034994A Expired GB2063241B (en) | 1979-11-20 | 1980-10-30 | Attaching a prefabricated ceramic member to a ceramic body |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (2) | JPS5689507A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD146414A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3020738C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2469993B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2063241B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1146921B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITBO20120129A1 (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-14 | Sacmi | METHOD AND PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CERAMIC MATERIALS. |
| CN113733357A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-12-03 | 北京鲁菏市政工程有限公司 | Proportioning structure in recycled concrete processing process |
| CN114161770A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-03-11 | 安庆市奥洁纸业有限公司 | Full-automatic production and processing equipment for coated paper cup with cup handle and use method of full-automatic production and processing equipment |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD266704A3 (en) * | 1986-04-02 | 1989-04-12 | Ve Wissenschaftl Tech Betrieb | DEVICE FOR GARNING PREPARED CERAMIC-MADE ITEMS |
| JPH0661741B2 (en) * | 1988-11-30 | 1994-08-17 | 新栄機工株式会社 | Automatic cup attachment device for ceramic cups |
| JP2574472B2 (en) * | 1989-08-03 | 1997-01-22 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of honeycomb ceramics |
| DE10340842A1 (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-24 | Porzellanfabrik Weiden Gebr. Bauscher, Zweigniederlassung Der Bhs Tabletop Ag | Applying a prefinished component to a ceramic member e.g. cup, comprises preparing the component, partially dissolving the contact surfaces, and oscillating the components relative to one another |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB361359A (en) * | 1930-07-07 | 1931-11-09 | William Joseph Miller | Improved method and apparatus for applying appendages to pottery ware |
| GB698694A (en) * | 1951-01-04 | 1953-10-21 | Hans Strasser | Improvements in and relating to the fixing of handles and other fittings to pottery articles |
| GB719809A (en) * | 1952-03-22 | 1954-12-08 | W T Copeland & Sons Ltd | Improvements relating to machines for attaching ceramic appendages |
| US3068543A (en) * | 1956-06-15 | 1962-12-18 | Buffalo China Inc | Method for shaping appendages on ceramic articles |
| GB983184A (en) * | 1961-07-03 | 1965-02-10 | Staffordshire Potteries Ltd | Improvements in the manufacture of pottery |
| DE1173376B (en) * | 1962-06-27 | 1964-07-02 | Rosenthal Porzellan Ag | Method and device for garnishing handles on hollow ceramic bodies |
| DE1272201B (en) * | 1965-02-13 | 1968-07-04 | Netzsch Maschinenfabrik | Device for attaching handles to cups or the like. |
| JPS4916085A (en) * | 1972-06-06 | 1974-02-13 | ||
| JPS5045005A (en) * | 1973-08-28 | 1975-04-22 | ||
| JPS5912358B2 (en) * | 1975-08-29 | 1984-03-22 | ニホンサンソ カブシキガイシヤ | Peptide derivative and method for measuring collagenase activity using the peptide derivative |
| DD120380A1 (en) * | 1975-10-09 | 1976-06-12 | Keramik Wtb Veb | |
| JPS5428166A (en) * | 1977-08-04 | 1979-03-02 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Fluctuation type flow meter |
-
1979
- 1979-11-20 DD DD79217002A patent/DD146414A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1980
- 1980-05-31 DE DE3020738A patent/DE3020738C2/en not_active Expired
- 1980-08-12 IT IT49480/80A patent/IT1146921B/en active
- 1980-10-30 GB GB8034994A patent/GB2063241B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-11-20 JP JP16274280A patent/JPS5689507A/en active Pending
- 1980-11-20 FR FR8024678A patent/FR2469993B1/en not_active Expired
-
1989
- 1989-02-06 JP JP1989012291U patent/JPH0232404Y2/ja not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITBO20120129A1 (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-14 | Sacmi | METHOD AND PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CERAMIC MATERIALS. |
| EP2639028A1 (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-18 | Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa | Method and plant for making ceramic ware products |
| CN113733357A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-12-03 | 北京鲁菏市政工程有限公司 | Proportioning structure in recycled concrete processing process |
| CN114161770A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-03-11 | 安庆市奥洁纸业有限公司 | Full-automatic production and processing equipment for coated paper cup with cup handle and use method of full-automatic production and processing equipment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0232404Y2 (en) | 1990-09-03 |
| DE3020738A1 (en) | 1981-06-04 |
| GB2063241B (en) | 1983-05-18 |
| JPS5689507A (en) | 1981-07-20 |
| FR2469993A1 (en) | 1981-05-29 |
| IT1146921B (en) | 1986-11-19 |
| DD146414A1 (en) | 1981-02-11 |
| IT8049480A0 (en) | 1980-08-12 |
| FR2469993B1 (en) | 1985-03-15 |
| JPH01132713U (en) | 1989-09-08 |
| DE3020738C2 (en) | 1982-09-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |