GB2025030A - An Absorber for a Solar Collector - Google Patents
An Absorber for a Solar Collector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2025030A GB2025030A GB7923640A GB7923640A GB2025030A GB 2025030 A GB2025030 A GB 2025030A GB 7923640 A GB7923640 A GB 7923640A GB 7923640 A GB7923640 A GB 7923640A GB 2025030 A GB2025030 A GB 2025030A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- absorber
- thermal energy
- liquid
- solar
- transporting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/20—Working fluids specially adapted for solar heat collectors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an absorber for a solar collector having a liquid for transporting thermal energy capable of flowing therethrough, the absorber, being formed from a material which transmits at least 50% of solar or global radiation and the liquid for transporting thermal energy containing a pigment capable of absorbing solar energy in dispersed form and/or a dye capable of absorbing solar energy in dissolved form. For example the liquid for transporting thermal energy consists of a mixture of water and/or ethylene glycol, carbon black and a dispersion aid.
Description
SPECIFICATION
An Absorber for a Solar Collector
This invention relates to an absorber for a solar collector through which a liquid transporting the thermal energy flows.
Solar collectors are used for absorbing solar energy and making it useable in the form of heat, for example for heating buildings or swimming pools. They consist of an absorber which is surrounded by insulating material and connected to a pipe system in which a liquid transports the absorbed energy to the point of use of the thermal energy obtained and of a support which holds the absorber and its insulation together to form a unit. In order to increase the operating temperature of the solar collector, the absorber may be preceded by a solar mirror through which the sunlight is focussed on the absorber (cf. for example Plastverarbeiter, Vol, 28, 1977, No. 1, page 48).
It is known that the absorber may be formed by boards, bands or tubes with a black surface which communicate with the liquid transporting the thermal energy. The black surface is obtained either by applying a black-pigmented lacquer or by incorporating a black pigment in the absorber material.
However, absorbers such as these are attended by the disadvantage that, although they absorb the thermal energy of the incident radiation by means of the absorber material, they also fail to transfer a large part tothe liquid transporting the thermal energy.
The present invention provides an absorber for a solar collector having a liquid for transporting thermal energy capable of flowing therethrough, the absorber being formed from a material which transmits at least 50% of the solar global radiation and the liquid for transporting the thermal energy containing a pigment capable of absorbing solar energy in dispersed form and/or a dye capable of absorbing solar energy in dissolved form.
The material which transmits at least 50% of the solar or global radiation may be a material which may be transparent or translucent, depending on its quality and wall thickness. Materials such as these which may be used in accordance with the invention include polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, saturated and unsaturated polyester resin reinforced with glass fibres, epoxide resin reinforced with glass fibres, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicate glass, quartz glass, silicone rubber.
The liquid transporting the thermal energy may be a liquid which has a meiting point below 20 C and a boiling point above 780C under normal pressure. In addition, the liquid transporting the thermal energy may have a viscosity of at most 1 20 (Pa.S) if it does not have a flow limit. If the liquid transporting the thermal energy has a flow limit of at most 800 (Pa.), it may have a viscosity of at most 60 Pa.S. The liquid transporting thermal energy may consist of water, ethylene glycol, a mixture of water and ethylene glycol, a hydrocarbon, alcohol, glycol, ether, ester, silicone oil or mixtures of these liquids.
The liquid transporting thermal energy may contain as pigment iron oxide black (C.l. 77 490, C.l.
Pigment Black 11), manganese dioxide (cm. 77 728, C.l. Pigment Black 14), graphite (Cl. 77265, C.I.
Pigment Black 10), aniline black (C.I. 50 440, C.I. Pigment Black 1), carbon black (C.l. 77 266, C.l.
Pigment Black 6 and 7), phthalocyanine blue (C.1.74 160, C.l. Pigment Blue 15), phthalocyanine blue (C.l. 74 1 60, C.l. Pigment Blue 16), phthalocyanine blue (C.l. 74 200, C.l. Pigment Blue 17), in dispersed form. The- iron oxide black may be present in the liquid in quantities of from 0.03 to 65% by weight, based on the dispersion as a whole. The carbon black used may be present in the liquid in a quantity of from 0.0005 to 55% by weight, based on the dispersion as a whole.
The liquid transporting thermal energy may contain liquid Nigrosin W (C.I. 50 420, C.l. Acid Black 2) as soluble dye.
In one preferred embpdiment of the invention, the absorber for a solar collector may contain as the liquid transporting thermal energy a dispersion of carbon black consisting of a mixture of water and/or ethylene glycol, carbon black and dispersion aid. Examples of suitable dispersion aids are alkylaryl polyglycol ethers or alkyl aryl suphonates.
The absorber for a solar collector according to the invention may correspond in shape and structure to known absorbers.
In one embodiment of the invention, the solar radiation may be reflected onto the liquid transporting the thermal energy by metallising that side of the absorbers which is remote from the sun.
In addition, by adapting the refractive index of the absorber material to the refractive index of the liquid transporting the thermal energy, it is possible to prevent reflection at the interface. Moreover. by shaping the absorber material on that side of the absorber which faces the sun, it is possible to obtain the effect of a collecting lens so that the incident rays are concentrated onto the liquid transporting the thermal energy.
The absorber according to the invention may be instailed in a solar collector in known manner
The advantage of the solar collector according to the invention lies in the direct heating of the liquid transporting the thermal energy which enables heat losses to be avoided in a considerable extent.
The solar collector according to the invention is illustrated by the following Examples:
Example 1
Two identical tubular containers of polymethyl methacrylate are used. One of the containers is surface-coated with a black lacquer. Both containers are filled with a carbon black dispersion (25% by weight of carbon black-Corax-6% by weight of wetting agent-nonylphenyl polyglycol ether69% by weight of water), thermally insulated and irradiated at the same distance through a mask by an
Ultra-Vita-Lux lamp (Osram, 300 W). The heating effect is measured as a function of time.
Temperature in Vessel 2
(painted black in accordance
Irradiation time (minutes) Vessel 1 (transparent) with the prior artl 0 220C 220C
10 270C 270C
20 320C 310C 30 360C 340C
40 400C 370C
50 440C 390C
60 460C 410C Equally suitable dispersions are:
in % by weight
A. Carbon black of the RCF-LS-Class (Printex 200) 30.0
Lignin sulphonate 1.5
Ethylene glycol 10.5
Water 58.5
B. Carbon black of the HCC-Class 10.0
Ethylene glycol 10.0
Nonylphenol polyglycol ether 10.0
Sodium hydroxide 0.3
Water 69.7
C. Carbon black of the RCC-Class (Printex U) 10.0
Alkylaryl sulphonate (sodium salt of a
naphthalene sulphonic acid condensation product) 1.5
Ethylene glycol 88.5
D. Carbon black of the RCC-Class (oxidised) (Spezialschwarz
4) 20.0
Alkyl aryl sulphonate (sodium salt of a
naphthalene sulphonic acid condensation product) 2.5
Sodium hydroxide 0.6
Water 76.9
Example 2
A black-pigmented vessel as described in Example 1 is filled with water and then irradiated as described in Example 1.
A vessel of the transparent material according to Example 1 is also filled with the same colourless liquid and irradiated in accordance with Example 1. The following temperatures were measured:
Irradiation Time (minutes) Black-Painted Vessel Transparent Vessel
0 220C 220C
10 260C 250C
20 310C 300C
30 340C 330C
40 370C 350C
50 390C 370C
60 410C 390C
Claims (6)
1. An absorber for a solar collector having a liquid for transporting thermal energy capable of flowing therethrough, the absorber, being formed from a material which transmits at least 50% of solar or global radiation and the liquid for transporting thermal energy containing a pigment capable of absorbing solar energy in dispersed form and/or a dye capable of absorbing solar energy in dissolved form.
2. An absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid for transporting thermal energy consists of a mixture of water and/or ethylene glycol, carbon black and a dispersion aid.
3. An absorber as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein its side remote from the sun is metallised.
4. An absorber as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the refractive index of the absorber material is adapted to the refractive index of the liquid for transporting thermal energy in such a way as to prevent reflection at the interface between them.
5. An absorber as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, wherein, on that side of the absorber which faces the sun, the absorber material is formed in the manner of a collecting lens which concentrates the impinging rays onto the liquid for transporting the thermal energy.
6. An absorber for a solar collection substantially as described with particular reference to
Example 1 (Vessel 1). ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19782829708 DE2829708A1 (en) | 1978-07-06 | 1978-07-06 | ABSORBER FOR A SOLAR PANEL |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2025030A true GB2025030A (en) | 1980-01-16 |
Family
ID=6043704
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7923640A Withdrawn GB2025030A (en) | 1978-07-06 | 1979-07-06 | An Absorber for a Solar Collector |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2829708A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2430578A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2025030A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5368093A (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1994-11-29 | Sanwa Life Cela Kabushiki Kaisha | Thawing device for frozen foods |
| EP2404973A1 (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2012-01-11 | University of The Ryukyus | Solar light (heat) absorbing material, and heat absorber/storage material and solar light (heat) absorber/control material each comprising the solar light (heat) absorbing material |
| GB2525298A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-10-21 | Gas Expansion Motors Ltd | Solar energy collector |
| WO2017025699A1 (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2017-02-16 | Gas Expansion Motors Limited | Solar energy collector |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3036310C2 (en) * | 1980-09-26 | 1986-02-20 | Fritz Reinke Engineering, 6120 Erbach | Device for utilizing solar energy for heating rooms and / or heating domestic water |
| EP0109377A3 (en) * | 1982-11-16 | 1985-06-19 | Chantal Rockx | Solar collector |
| DE3305838A1 (en) * | 1983-02-19 | 1984-08-23 | Rainer Isolierrohrfabrik Max Drossbach, 8852 Rain | Radiant energy converter |
| DE3817758A1 (en) * | 1988-05-20 | 1989-11-30 | Friedrich Erich Freitag | Device and/or method for obtaining and storing solar power |
| DE19633106C2 (en) * | 1996-08-16 | 2000-12-07 | Frank Thalmann | Flat solar collector with absorber liquid |
| DE19643438C2 (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 1999-06-10 | Thomas Drabner | Device for the air conditioning of glass architecture |
| US6913015B2 (en) | 2001-05-08 | 2005-07-05 | Aljosa Pajk | Modular system for utilization of solar energy for heating of sanitary water |
| FR2963411B1 (en) | 2010-07-28 | 2012-09-14 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | THERMAL SOLAR SENSOR ABSORBER, SENSOR COMPRISING SAME, AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING SAME. |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU453562B2 (en) * | 1970-07-31 | 1974-10-03 | Ici Australia Limited | A process for absorbing solar radiation |
| US4083490A (en) * | 1976-02-26 | 1978-04-11 | John Joseph Cunningham | Solar supplemental heating system |
| FR2371645A1 (en) * | 1976-11-23 | 1978-06-16 | Rubino Michel | Solar radiation energy collector - has liquid containing particles of radiation absorbing material beneath prismatic refractor |
-
1978
- 1978-07-06 DE DE19782829708 patent/DE2829708A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1979
- 1979-06-07 FR FR7914601A patent/FR2430578A1/en active Pending
- 1979-07-06 GB GB7923640A patent/GB2025030A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5368093A (en) * | 1992-11-25 | 1994-11-29 | Sanwa Life Cela Kabushiki Kaisha | Thawing device for frozen foods |
| EP2404973A1 (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2012-01-11 | University of The Ryukyus | Solar light (heat) absorbing material, and heat absorber/storage material and solar light (heat) absorber/control material each comprising the solar light (heat) absorbing material |
| EP2404973A4 (en) * | 2009-03-06 | 2014-07-16 | Univ Ryukyus | Solar light (heat) absorbing material, and heat absorber/storage material and solar light (heat) absorber/control material each comprising the solar light (heat) absorbing material |
| US10018377B2 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2018-07-10 | University Of The Ryukyus | Solar light (heat) absorption material and heat absorption/accumulation material and solar light (heat) absorption/control building component using the same |
| GB2525298A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-10-21 | Gas Expansion Motors Ltd | Solar energy collector |
| WO2017025699A1 (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2017-02-16 | Gas Expansion Motors Limited | Solar energy collector |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2829708A1 (en) | 1980-01-17 |
| FR2430578A1 (en) | 1980-02-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |