CN104121709B - A kind of solar thermal collector with membrane pore structure - Google Patents
A kind of solar thermal collector with membrane pore structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104121709B CN104121709B CN201410366418.4A CN201410366418A CN104121709B CN 104121709 B CN104121709 B CN 104121709B CN 201410366418 A CN201410366418 A CN 201410366418A CN 104121709 B CN104121709 B CN 104121709B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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Abstract
One has membrane pore structure solar thermal collector, comprise the incubator of upper end open, phase-change material layers is provided with in incubator, the inside of phase-change material layers is provided with coiled pipe, the top of phase-change material layers is provided with coniform metal foam layers, and the outer wall of coniform metal foam layers is enclosed with can the transparent outer layer of printing opacity; Metal foam is added with in phase-change material layers.In the present invention, metal foam structures has rolled up the content of air in thermal-arrest region, and air layer is divided into less volume, prevents the heat loss that convection current causes.The sun can be irradiated to conical metal froth bed through transparent outer layer, and conical metal froth bed plays the effect of heat dump, is heat energy by light energy conversion, and transparent outer layer also plays the effect of thermal insulation layer simultaneously, prevents heat in heat collector from outwardly distributing.The present invention can realize the object of solar radiation efficient absorption fast energy storage, can be widely used in oven dry, food processing or Home Heating and cook.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of solar, relate to a kind of can the collector arrangement of storage power, be specifically related to a kind of solar thermal collector with membrane pore structure.
Background technology
At present, the utilization of solar energy is primarily of heat absorption and opto-electronic conversion, more ripe heat absorption technology is glass-vacuum tube heat collector now, by glass tube with vacuum, the solar energy collected is converted into heat energy and heats the water in glass tube with vacuum, to obtain required hot water.But the solar energy of this structure exists following shortcoming: directly leak water in vacuum tube, once glass tube with vacuum is broken, water can flow out from glass tube with vacuum, and a glass tube with vacuum fragmentation will cause whole heat collector normally to work.In addition, glass tube with vacuum itself is very crisp, not pressure-bearing, makes its temperature can not be too high, and temperature is up to 100 DEG C.The vacuum tube collector thermal efficiency is up to more than 92%, and vacuum heat-preserving is effective, and heat-energy losses is little, but effectively endotherm area is little, and sunshine utilization rate is low.
The effective endotherm area of flat-plate collector is large, but heat-energy losses is also large.Phase-change material has excellent thermal storage performance, and phase-change material and flat plate collector being combined does not need extra heat storage water tank, not only can meet the requirement of architecture-integral, can also realize the lasting supply of energy and the temperature constant of water supply simultaneously.But the intrinsic feature of current existing organic matter phase-change material is that thermal conductivity is little, heat transfer is too slow, causes energy storage weak effect, and energy storage efficiency is low simultaneously.The particularly discontinuity of solar radiation and discontinuity and the low problem of phase-change material thermal conductivity, the speed of phase-change accumulation energy is very low.Patent 200810123873.6 discloses " a kind of solar flat-board heat collector containing high porosity rate foamed metal ", coiled pipe, high porosity metal foam and phase-change material integral structure are set below absorber plate, realize efficient fast energy storage, but this patent fail solve solar energy highly effective absorb problem.How making full use of solar energy resources, key is the capacity usage ratio and the utilization rate that improve solar thermal collector, and its core technology is then a kind of high-absorbility of preparation, low-launch-rate, cheap selective absorbing structure.Because the angle between sunray and heat collector is with season, moment change, during large angle incidence, reflectivity is close to 100%; During daylight deflection morning and afternoon, the angle of incident light and surfaces of collector tubes becomes larger, and absorptivity reduces further.Current, absorptance during light vertical incidence has been difficult to further raising, improves absorptance during light non-normal incidence, will become the committed step improving photothermal conversion efficiency.From theory of radiation, the absorptance of black matrix or grey body, has nothing to do with the incident angle of light.There is not desirable black matrix or grey body in nature, but size and the comparable rough surface of light wave can be approximated to be grey body, and the coarse sorbent surface manufactured close to desirable grey body is the key of dealing with problems.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of solar thermal collector with membrane pore structure, and this heat collector Heat-collecting effect is good, energy storage efficiency is high, speed is fast, capacity is large.
The present invention for achieving the above object, adopt following technical scheme: the incubator comprising upper end open, the phase-change material layers contacted with incubator inwall is provided with in incubator, the inside of phase-change material layers is provided with coiled pipe, the top of phase-change material layers is provided with coniform metal foam layers, and the outer wall of coniform metal foam layers is enclosed with can the transparent outer layer of sunshine thoroughly; Wherein, metal foam is added with in phase-change material layers.
Described coniform metal foam layers comprises some cone-shaped structures formed by metal foam, and the outer wall of each cone-shaped structure is enclosed with can through the transparent outer layer of sunshine, and the cone angle of each cone-shaped structure is 20 ~ 150 °.
In described coniform metal foam layers, the porosity of metal foam is 0.3 ~ 0.9, and aperture is 0.2 ~ 6 μm.
The porosity of the metal foam added in described phase-change material layers is 0.3 ~ 0.9, and aperture is 200 ~ 2000 μm.
Described transparent outer layer is thermal conductivity factor is 0.1 ~ 1.0, and thickness is the plastics of 100 ~ 1000 μm.
The material of the metal foam added in metal foam and phase-change material layers in described coniform metal foam layers is copper or aluminium.
The material of phase-change material layers is paraffin.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has: 1. when infrared and visible ray enters conical metal froth bed, wavelength is less than the characteristic size on foam pores surface, and radiation enters metal foam cavity and absorbed; Metal foam structures has also rolled up the content of air in thermal-arrest region, and air layer is divided into less volume, prevents the heat loss that convection current causes.In addition, the thermal conductivity factor of transparent outer layer is very low, adds heat insulation effect.In this course, the sun can be irradiated to conical metal froth bed through transparent outer layer, and conical metal froth bed plays the effect of heat dump, is heat energy by light energy conversion, transparent outer layer also plays the effect of thermal insulation layer simultaneously, prevents heat in heat collector from outwardly distributing.2. adopt phase-change material to be filled in incubator, utilize hidden heat energy storage to have very large energy storage capacity, at phase-change accumulation energy with when releasing energy, variations in temperature is little, can realize the continual and steady supply of energy.3. the thermal conductivity of organic matter phase-change material is low, and heat transfer is slow, adds metal foam, can greatly improve thermal conductivity, augmentation of heat transfer effect in organic matter phase-change material.The present invention can realize the object of solar radiation efficient absorption fast energy storage, can be widely used in oven dry, food processing or Home Heating and cook.
Further, the metal foam aperture of adding in conical metal froth bed and phase-change material in the present invention increases gradually, one-shot forming, can realize that solar energy highly effective absorbs, quick storage.Add metal foam on the other hand in phase-change material and can also play the effect supporting heat collector in organic matter (paraffin) fusion process, prevent the deformation of heat collector.
The invention solves the problem that solar radiative absorption rate is low, heat loss is large, solve the problem that the discontinuity of solar radiation and discontinuity and phase-change material thermal conductivity are low simultaneously, effectively improve solar radiative absorption efficiency, reduce heat loss, also improve the speed of phase-change accumulation energy and lasting power capability, for user has saved space and expense simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation with the solar thermal collector of membrane pore structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the enlarged diagram of local A in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view along B-B line in Fig. 1;
Wherein, 1 is transparent outer layer, and 2 is metal foam layers, and 3 is phase-change material layers, and 4 is metal foam, and 5 is incubator, and 6 is coiled pipe.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present invention includes the incubator 5 of upper end open, incubator is made up of insulation material, the phase-change material layers 3 contacted with incubator inwall is provided with in incubator 5, the inside of phase-change material layers 3 is provided with coiled pipe 6 and wide-aperture metal foam 4, the porosity of wide-aperture metal foam 4 is 0.3 ~ 0.9, and aperture is 200 ~ 2000 μm.The top of phase-change material layers 3 is provided with coniform metal foam layers 2, the outer wall of coniform metal foam layers 2 is enclosed with transparent outer layer 1 transparent outer layer 1 for be wrapped in coniform metal foam layers 2 can through the film of transparent material of sunlight.Wherein, described metal foam layers 2 comprises some cone-shaped structures formed by metal foam, and the outer wall of each cone-shaped structure is enclosed with can through the transparent outer layer of sunshine, and the cone angle in each cone-shaped structure is 20 ~ 150 °.The porosity of the metal foam in metal foam layers is 0.3 ~ 0.9, and aperture is 0.2 ~ 6 μm.The research such as Golombok finds when wavelength of light is less than surface characteristics yardstick, and radiation enters cavity and absorbed; When wavelength is longer, incident flux is similar enters plane and emissivity reduction.The general diameter of hair of polar bear is 100-150 μm, length 6-7cm, and general 1/3 of diameter is the pore structure of hollow.99% of solar radiant energy concentrates in the wave-length coverage of 200nm to 3000nm, and the pore scale of itself and polar bear is suitable, polar bear effectively can absorb outside sunshine by hair and accumulation in body.The upper transparent outer 1 of solar thermal collector of the present invention is transparent plastic that is high temperature resistant, low thermal conductivity, be wrapped on conical metal froth bed, the hair structure of this kind of similar polar bear, wavelength of light is less than metal foam pore surface characteristic size, and radiation enters foam cavity and absorbed.Simultaneously because metal foam adds the content of air in thermal-arrest region, and air layer is divided into less volume, suppresses scattering and disappearing of heat.In addition, the thermal conductivity factor 0.1-1.0 of outer hyaline layer, reduces outside the scattering and disappearing of heat.
In this course, the sun can be irradiated to conical metal froth bed 2 through transparent outer layer 1, and conical metal froth bed 2 plays the effect of heat dump, is heat energy by light energy conversion, transparent outer layer 1 also plays the effect of thermal insulation layer simultaneously, prevents heat in heat collector from outwardly distributing.The porosity of macropore metal foam is 0.3-0.9, aperture is 200-2000 μm, aperture is relatively large, be conducive to melting phase-change material and become the convection current after liquid, heat convection between strengthening liquid and metal foam porous skeleton, the material of the metal foam 4 added in the metal foam 2 simultaneously in coniform metal foam layers and phase-change material layers 3 is the high copper of thermal conductivity factor or aluminium.In metal foam in coniform metal foam layers and phase-change material layers 3 macropore metal foam aperture increase gradually, one-shot forming, and metal foam is made up of the high copper of thermal conductivity factor or aluminium, can transfer heat to rapidly the fluid media (medium) in phase-change material and coiled pipe.Phase-change material layers 3 is the paraffin that fusing point is high, latent heat of phase change is large.
The present invention is only 0.3-0.9 in the porosity of coniform foam regions, and aperture is 0.2-3 μm, and the porosity of heat-conducting metal foam is 0.3-0.9, and aperture is 200-2000 μm, just can reach best thermal-arrest, accumulation of heat and heat insulation effect.
The course of work of the present invention is: enter in coniform metal foam layers through transparent outer layer during sunlight, then heat passes to phase-change material layers, when the phase-change material in phase-change material layers undergoes phase transition, and the water in heating coil.The present invention can realize the object of solar radiation efficient absorption fast energy storage, can be widely used in oven dry, food processing or Home Heating and cook.
Claims (5)
1. one kind has the solar thermal collector of membrane pore structure, it is characterized in that, comprise the incubator (5) of upper end open, the phase-change material layers (3) contacted with incubator (5) inwall is provided with in incubator (5), the inside of phase-change material layers (3) is provided with coiled pipe (6), the top of phase-change material layers (3) is provided with coniform metal foam layers (2), and the outer wall of coniform metal foam layers (2) is enclosed with can the transparent outer layer (1) of sunshine thoroughly; Wherein, metal foam (4) is added with in phase-change material layers (3);
In described coniform metal foam layers (2), the porosity of metal foam is 0.3 ~ 0.9, and aperture is 0.2 ~ 6 μm;
The material of described metal foam (4) is copper or aluminium.
2. a kind of solar thermal collector with membrane pore structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described coniform metal foam layers (2) comprises some cone-shaped structures formed by metal foam, the outer wall of each cone-shaped structure is enclosed with can through the transparent outer layer of sunshine, and the cone angle of each cone-shaped structure is 20 ~ 150 °.
3. a kind of solar thermal collector with membrane pore structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the porosity of the metal foam (4) added in described phase-change material layers (3) is 0.3 ~ 0.9, and aperture is 200 ~ 2000 μm.
4. a kind of solar thermal collector with membrane pore structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described transparent outer layer (1) for thermal conductivity factor be 0.1 ~ 1.0, thickness is the plastics of 100 ~ 1000 μm.
5. a kind of solar thermal collector with membrane pore structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of phase-change material layers (3) is paraffin.
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| CN201410366418.4A CN104121709B (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2014-07-29 | A kind of solar thermal collector with membrane pore structure |
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| CN107975895B (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2020-10-23 | 浙江大学 | Composite energy-saving device and method based on radiation refrigeration and phase-change energy storage |
| CN108286832A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-07-17 | 烟台开发区蓝鲸金属修复有限公司 | A kind of solar heat-exchange device and preparation method thereof |
| CN108826715B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2023-05-23 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Stepped phase-change energy storage medium-high temperature straight-through heat collecting pipe |
| CN109883063B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2023-08-22 | 吉林大学 | Hair type solar heat collector and power generation control method thereof |
| CN112303933B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-08-06 | 山东百帝气动科技股份有限公司 | Pneumatic drive solar tracking heat collection device and air cylinder structure thereof |
| CN113090950B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-07-12 | 南京理工大学 | Heat collection-heat storage type oil conveying pipeline heating system based on photo-thermal conversion |
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| US4154220A (en) * | 1977-03-21 | 1979-05-15 | Loth John L | Flat-plate solar collector with air flowing through the grooves in a foam absorber surface |
| DE20113930U1 (en) * | 2001-08-23 | 2002-03-07 | Köhler, Torsten, 07318 Saalfeld | Integrated self-supporting solar thermal collector |
| CN2819118Y (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2006-09-20 | 刘术 | Planar solar collector |
| CN201050898Y (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-04-23 | 殷红波 | Solar air heat-collecting tile |
| CN101285623A (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2008-10-15 | 东南大学 | Solar flat-board heat collector containing high porosity rate foamed metal |
| WO2009150639A1 (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-17 | Kingspan Research And Developments Limited | An insulating panel |
| CN203629097U (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-06-04 | 郑州职业技术学院 | Heat-absorbing plate and flat-plate solar air collector based on same |
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2014
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4154220A (en) * | 1977-03-21 | 1979-05-15 | Loth John L | Flat-plate solar collector with air flowing through the grooves in a foam absorber surface |
| DE20113930U1 (en) * | 2001-08-23 | 2002-03-07 | Köhler, Torsten, 07318 Saalfeld | Integrated self-supporting solar thermal collector |
| CN2819118Y (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2006-09-20 | 刘术 | Planar solar collector |
| CN201050898Y (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-04-23 | 殷红波 | Solar air heat-collecting tile |
| CN101285623A (en) * | 2008-05-27 | 2008-10-15 | 东南大学 | Solar flat-board heat collector containing high porosity rate foamed metal |
| WO2009150639A1 (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-17 | Kingspan Research And Developments Limited | An insulating panel |
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